CN106715165A - 用于涡轮拖车机械对接和对准***的***及方法 - Google Patents
用于涡轮拖车机械对接和对准***的***及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
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- B60D1/58—Auxiliary devices
- B60D1/62—Auxiliary devices involving supply lines, electric circuits, or the like
- B60D1/64—Couplings or joints therefor
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- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/36—Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
一种***包括对接引导件,其包括构造成与支承涡轮发动机的第一可移动单元联接的第一对准引导件,和构造成与支承发生器的第二可移动单元联接的第二对准引导件。第一对准引导件和第二对准引导件构造成引导第一可移动单元与第二可移动单元之间的联接,以有助于将涡轮发动机与发生器对准。
Description
技术领域
本文中公开的主题涉及燃气涡轮***,并且更具体而言,涉及用于对准可移动涡轮机(如可移动涡轮***的各种区段)的***和方法。
背景技术
燃气涡轮用于许多基于陆地和海洋的应用中。例如,燃气涡轮可联接于发生器,以生成用于电力网的功率。将燃气涡轮联接于发生器的过程可利用各种对准技术,其可占去长达几个小时到几天(取决于外部条件)。燃气驱动发生器的该停机时间可导致收入损失、节电或断电。因此,可有益的是提供用于燃气涡轮与发生器之间的更快速对准技术和更高对准重复性(例如,可靠性)的***和方法。
发明内容
在下面概括在范围上与最初要求权利的本发明相称的某些实施例。这些实施例不意图限制要求权利的本发明的范围,而是相反地,这些实施例仅意图提供本发明的可能形式的简要概括。实际上,本发明可包含可与在下面提出的实施例相似或不同的各种形式。
在第一实施例中,一种***包括对接引导件,其包括构造成与支承涡轮发动机的第一可移动单元联接的第一对准引导件,和构造成与支承发生器的第二可移动单元联接的第二对准引导件。第一对准引导件和第二对准引导件构造成引导第一可移动单元与第二可移动单元之间的联接,以有助于将涡轮发动机与发生器对准。
在第二实施例中,一种设备包括对准***,其构造成有助于对准支承涡轮发动机的第一可移动单元与支承发生器的第二可移动单元之间的联接。对准***包括构造成将光束发射至目标的激光器,和构造成捕获目标的图像的摄像机。
在第三实施例中,一种***包括支承涡轮发动机的第一可移动单元、支承发生器的第二可移动单元,以及对接引导件。对接引导件包括与第一可移动单元联接的第一对准引导件,和与第二可移动单元联接的第二对准引导件。第一对准引导件和第二对准引导件构造成引导第一可移动单元与第二可移动单元之间的联接,以有助于将涡轮发动机与发生器对准。对准***构造成有助于对准第一可移动单元与第二可移动单元之间的联接。对准***还包括构造成将光束发射至目标的激光器,和构造成捕获目标的图像的摄像机。
附图说明
当参照附图阅读下列详细描述时,将更好地理解本发明的这些和其它的特征、方面和优点,在该附图中,相似的标记在所有附图中表示相似的部件,其中:
图1为示出机械对接***和机械对准***的涡轮***的实施例的示意图,其中机械对接***联接于涡轮拖车和发生器拖车,并且其中对准***设置在涡轮拖车的涡轮拖车脊柱(spine)内;
图2为图1的机械对接***的实施例的示意图,其中机械对接***包括联接于图1的涡轮拖车的涡轮对接板,其朝向联接于图1的发生器拖车的发生器对接板沿相反方向移动;
图3为图1的机械对接***的实施例的示意图,其中机械对接***包括联接于图2的发生器对接板的图2的涡轮对接板;
图4为示出两个对接销的图1的发生器对接板的实施例的透视图;
图5为示出四个安装翼和两个安装侧板的图1的涡轮对接板的实施例的透视图;
图6为进一步示出对准基准框架的图1的机械对接***的实施例的透视图;
图7为示出后摄像机和内部脊柱激光***的图1的对准***的实施例的示意图,其中内部脊柱激光***包括前摄像机、激光***以及目标;
图8为图1的计算机和显示器的实施例的示意图,其示出从设置在图1的机械对准***内的前摄像机接收的图象;
图9为航运工具的实施例的示意图,该航运工具联接于图1的涡轮并且构造成有助于增加图1的对接***的安装的容易;以及
图10为构造成在安装阶段期间支承图1的对接***的安装工具的实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
将在下面描述本发明的一个或更多个特定实施例。为了提供这些实施例的简明描述,可不在说明书中描述实际实施的所有特征。应当认识到,在任何这种实际实施的开发中,如在任何工程或设计项目中,必须作出许多特定实施决定以实现开发者的特定目的,诸如符合***相关且商业相关的约束,这可从一个实施变化到另一个实施。此外,应当认识到,这种开发努力可为复杂且耗时的,但是对于受益于本公开的技术人员而言,仍将是设计、制作和制造的日常工作。
当介绍本发明的各种实施例的元件时,冠词“一”、“一个”、“该”和“所述”意图表示存在元件中的一个或更多个。用语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”意图是包含的,并且表示可存在除了列出的元件之外的附加元件。
公开的实施例涉及用于机械对准***和机械对接***的***,该机械对准***和该机械对接***构造成将燃气涡轮拖车与发生器拖车对准,以及将燃气涡轮与发生器对准。在没有公开的实施例的情况下,本领域中用于将燃气涡轮与发生器对准的对准技术可占去几个小时或几天(取决于各种环境因素)。例如,在一些情况中,可移动燃气涡轮发生器***可运输至需要电力的位置,如在紧急自然灾害或导致电力不足的其它事件期间。在此类情况中,对准***和对接***可构造成将涡轮对准于发生器,同时消除对将涡轮拖车现场对准于发生器拖车的需要。因此,利用公开的实施例节省的时间实现了较快安装和试车,由此有助于减少***构件的停机时间和收入损失。此外,以高对准重复性在现场迅速交换拖车的能力提高单元舰队灵活性(例如,提高可用涡轮拖车的舰队的灵活性),允许调度、可用性、冲突等的更容易管理。
在某些实施例中,机械对接***可用于初始预对准阶段(例如,安装阶段)和在现场的试车阶段中。在试车阶段期间,机械对接***(例如,对接站)可包括联接于涡轮拖车的涡轮对接板,和联接于发生器拖车的发生器对接板。具体而言,涡轮对接板可经由一个或更多个安装侧板联接于涡轮拖车的涡轮拖车脊柱。此外,发生器对接板可联接于发生器拖车,使得在涡轮拖车回到关于发生器拖车的位置中时,发生器对接板上的一个或更多个对接销(例如,定位销)与涡轮对接板上的一个或更多个记录器(register)接合。因此,在试车阶段期间,一旦涡轮对接板与发生器对接板接合,则涡轮拖车可与发生器拖车有效地对准,由此将涡轮与发生器对准。
在一些实施例中,对接***可包括静态对准基准框架,其构造成提供基准点,用于在初始预对准阶段(例如,安装阶段)期间,涡轮拖车和发生器拖车的对准,以及由此涡轮和发生器的对准。例如,静态对准框架可用于在拖车的预对准期间,使用第一圆形板(例如,涡轮圆形板)和第二圆形板(例如,发生器圆形板)分别模拟涡轮凸缘和发生器凸缘来初始地组装并且对准涡轮拖车和发生器拖车。因此,机械对接***可用于涡轮和发生器经由涡轮拖车和发生器涡轮在试车阶段期间的随后对准。随后对准可以以高可靠的对准重复性来完成,增加拖车***的灵活性并且减少对准时间表之间的停机时间的量。
机械对准***可设置在涡轮拖车脊柱内,并且可构造成分析和/或确定涡轮拖车在试车和/或安装阶段期间的对准状态。机械对准***可包括内部脊柱激光***和后摄像机。在某些实施例中,后摄像机可构造成提供对接***(例如,对接站)的图像,并且可通信地(例如,有线和/或无线)耦合于计算机,其适合于执行和/或监测各种现场装置构造和监测应用。内部脊柱激光***可包括一个或更多个摄像机(例如,前目标摄像机)、至少一个激光器和激光器安装件、一个或更多个访问端口,以及用于激光器的一个或更多个目标,如关于图7进一步详细地描述的。在一些实施例中,内部脊柱激光***可构造成分析和/或确定涡轮拖车的长度是否与发生器拖车对准(例如,轴线的对准),并且还可通信地耦合于计算机。
现在转向附图,图1为示出机械对接***12和对准***14的涡轮***10的实施例的框图。机械对接***12包括涡轮对接板16和发生器对接板18。涡轮对接板16可联接于涡轮拖车20,并且更具体而言,可联接于涡轮拖车脊柱22,其延伸涡轮拖车20的长度(例如,沿着中心纵向轴线)。同样地,具有一个或更多个对接销24(例如,定位销24)的机械对接板18可联接于发生器拖车26。拖车20,26可构造成将涡轮机(例如,涡轮***10的一个或更多个区段)从一个位置运输至另一位置,如例如,从安装地点至试车地点,试车地点至远程位置等。例如,在示出的实施例中,涡轮拖车20可构造成在涡轮28联接于发生器30之前,将涡轮28(例如,燃气涡轮发动机、蒸汽涡轮、水涡轮、风力涡轮或任何涡轮***)移动成与发生器30对准。同样地,发生器拖车20可构造成将发生器30移动到其可与涡轮28对准的位置中。
如以上提到的,在一些情况中,如在其中位置需要电的紧急情况期间,涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26可用于将涡轮28和发生器30移动和联接到现场上,用于除去、联接和/或重新联接。例如,在联接之前,支承发生器30的发生器拖车26可移动到第一位置中。在某些实施例中,支承涡轮28的涡轮拖车20可沿相反方向39移动到发生器拖车26中,使得涡轮拖车20的尾端32(例如,关于涡轮拖车20的头端34)朝向发生器拖车26的尾端36(例如,关于发生器拖车26的头端38)移动。在此类实施例中,发生器拖车26可在第一位置保持静止,而涡轮拖车20沿相反方向39移动到第一位置中,以使涡轮28可联接于发生器30。尽管示出的实施例描述了涡轮拖车20在发生器拖车26静止时沿相反方向39移动,但应当注意的是,在其它实施例中,发生器拖车26可朝向静止涡轮拖车20移动,并且/或者两个拖车20,26可在对接过程期间朝向彼此移动。
在一些实施例中,机械对接***12可用于在涡轮拖车20与发生器拖车26对准(如在对接过程期间)时,有助于将涡轮28与发生器30适当地对准。例如,机械对接***12可包括涡轮对接板16和发生器对接板18,其中涡轮对接板16可联接于涡轮拖车20的尾端32,并且发生器对接板18可联接于发生器拖车26的尾端36。具体而言,在某些实施例中,涡轮对接板16可联接于涡轮拖车脊柱22,其可延伸涡轮拖车20的整个长度(例如,沿着中心纵向轴线)。因此,涡轮对接板16和发生器对接板18可沿着拖车20,26的尾端32,36设置,使得它们沿着拖车20,26的后缓冲器端设置。在某些实施例中,发生器对接板18可包括一个或更多个对接引导件(如对接销24(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个或更多)),其构造为阳联接件。一个或更多个对接销24可与一个或更多个对接引导件(如涡轮对接板16上的开口40(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10个或更多))联接,其构造为阴联接件,如关于图2-5进一步描述的。在示出的实施例中,两个对接销24设置在发生器对接板18上,并且构造成与设置在涡轮对接板16上的两个开口40联接。因此,在涡轮拖车20的尾端32倒退到发生器拖车26中时,发生器对接板18上的对接销24可与涡轮对接板16上的开口40逐渐地联接。一旦对接板16,18联接,则多种紧固硬件可用于将拖车20,26装固在一起。就此而言,一旦发生器对接板18上的对接销24与涡轮对接板16上的开口40接合,则涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26有效地对准,而不需要广泛的现场对准技术。
在一些实施例中,机械对准***14也可用于在涡轮28联接于发生器30(如在对接过程期间)时,有助于将涡轮28与发生器30适当地对准。例如,对准***14可包括一个或更多个后摄像机42,其构造成提供对接***12的图象,如发生器对接板18与涡轮对接板16之间的对接过程的图象。此外,机械对准***14可包括内部脊柱激光***44(其包括指向一个或更多个目标48的一个或更多个激光器46),和构造成提供目标48的图象的一个或更多个前摄像机50。在某些实施例中,内部脊柱激光***44可构造成确定和/或分析涡轮拖车脊柱22的长度以及由此涡轮拖车20和涡轮28是否沿着***10的纵向方向或轴线52近似笔直。实际上,可有益的是确保涡轮拖车脊柱22的长度近似笔直以有助于确保涡轮28与发生器30的适当联接。因此,在涡轮拖车20的尾端32近侧设置在涡轮拖车脊柱22内的一个或更多个激光器46可指在一个或更多个目标48处,一个或更多个目标48在涡轮拖车20的头端34近侧设置在涡轮拖车脊柱22内。激光器46可构造成近似沿轴向方向54朝向目标48提供均匀的光束101。此外,前摄像机50可涉及提供目标48的图象,以使使用者和/或操作者能够将目标48上的所得的光束101可视化,如关于图2,3,8和9进一步详细地阐释的。
在某些实施例中,对准***14可通信地耦合于控制***53,如计算机54。例如,后摄像机42和/或前摄像机50可耦合于计算机54。控制***53和/或计算机54可包括微处理器和存储器,其中存储器可包括具有可执行指令的任何适合的非暂时性的、有形的计算机可读介质。计算机54可适合于执行多种现场装置构造和监测应用,并且适合于提供操作者界面,工程师或技术人员可通过该操作者界面监测***10的构件。计算机54可为适合于运行软件应用的任何类型的计算装置,如膝上型电脑、工作站、平板计算机或手持便携式装置(例如,个人数字助理或移动电话)。实际上,计算机54可包括多种硬件和/或操作***平台中的任一个。在一些实施例中,计算机可作为工业控制软件,如人机界面(HMI)软件、制造执行***(MES)、分布式控制***(DCS)、管理控制与数据采集(SCADA)***等的主机。例如,由后摄像机42和/或前摄像机50提供的图象可显示在控制***53内的显示器56上。在一些实施例中,计算机54可经由有线和/或无线导管58通信地耦合于对准***14的构件,如后摄像机42和/或前摄像机50。无线导管58可包括WiFi(例如,电气和电子工程师协会[IEEE]802.11X)、蜂窝式导管(例如,高速分组接入[HSPA]、HSPA +、长期演进[LTE]、WiMax)、近场通信(NFC)、蓝牙、个人域网(PAN)等。无线导管58可使用多种通信协议,如TCP/IP、UDP、SCTP、套接字层等。有线导管58可包括专有线缆、RJ45线缆、同轴电缆、光纤电缆等。在某些实施例中,控制***53以及无线和/或有线导管58可将数据与安全层(如安全套接字层(SSL)、虚拟专用网(VPN)层、加密层、挑战密钥认证层、令牌认证层等)通信。
图2为图1的机械对接***12的实施例的示意图,其中机械对接***12包括涡轮对接板16,其联接于涡轮拖车20并且朝向联接于发生器拖车26的发生器对接板18移动。如以上关于图1提到的,涡轮拖车20可构造成沿相反方向39移动,使得涡轮拖车20的尾端32朝向静止的发生器拖车26的尾端36移动。以该方式,对接***12可构造成有助于在对接过程期间和之后将涡轮28与发生器30对准。具体而言,对接***12可包括具有一个或更多个对接引导件(如对接销24)的发生器对接板18,以及具有一个或更多个对接引导件(如开口40)的涡轮对接板16。在涡轮拖车20朝向发生器拖车26沿相反方向39移动时,发生器对接板18上的一个或更多个对接销24可用作构造成引导涡轮对接板16上的一个或更多个开口40的引导件(例如,联接件)。具体而言,引导件可有助于引导接合并且可确保对接板16,18的适当对准。在一些实施例中,应当注意的是,引导件(例如,一个或更多个对接销24)可设置在发生器对接板18上,而一个或更多个开口40设置在涡轮对接板16上。
在某些实施例中,对准***14的后摄像机42可构造成在涡轮拖车20朝向发生器拖车26沿相反方向39移动(例如,在对接过程期间)时,将对接***12的图象提供至控制***53。在此类实施例中,对接***12的图象可由操作者和/或工程师利用,以调节涡轮拖车20沿相反方向39的行进。例如,在一些情况中,涡轮拖车20可沿相反方向39移动,使得对接销24不沿着纵向轴线52与一个或更多个开口40对准。在此类情况中,涡轮拖车20的行进可调节或改变成使得对接销24沿着纵向轴线52对准并且构造成与开口40联接。因此,对接销24可在将涡轮拖车20与发生器拖车26联接并且因此将涡轮28与发生器30联接的过程期间构造为和/或用作基准点和/或记录器。实际上,对接销24和开口可构造成充当引导件或对准结构,其确保涡轮28与发生器30之间的适当对准。
图3为图1的机械对接***12的实施例的示意图,其中机械对接***12包括涡轮对接板16,其经由一对或更多对匹配的对接引导件(如设置在开口40中的对接销24(例如,定位销24))联接于发生器对接板18。在联接的对接***12的示出的实施例中,发生器对接板18的前表面60可沿着垂直轴线55大致平行于涡轮对接板16的前表面62。此外,对接板16,18的前面60,62可大致互补和/或配对,使得对接板16,18之间的距离在拖车20,26联接时最小。在某些实施例中,在拖车20,26联接(例如,对接销24牢固地在开口40内)之后,紧固硬件64(例如,螺母、螺栓、螺钉、闩锁、紧固件等)可用于将板16,18装固在联接的位置。
在某些实施例中,对接销24和开口40可构造成有助于在对接过程期间涡轮拖车20关于发生器拖车26的其自身定心。例如,对接销24的形状可为锥形或圆锥形的,使得沿相反方向39移动的涡轮拖车20在其从对接销24的末端66移动至基部68时具有更大的位置容差。因此,对接销24的锥形边缘可帮助在对准期间到开口中的逐渐***。此外,对接销24的长度70可比涡轮对接板16的后表面72延伸得更远,以确保对接销24牢固地联接板16,18。在其它实施例中,对接销24可为任何形状(例如,圆柱形、矩形、圆锥形等),并且长度66可延伸经过涡轮对接板16的后表面72。在某些实施例中,圆锥形对接销24的基部部分68可为圆柱形基部,其延伸经过涡轮对接板16的后表面72。
在某些实施例中,涡轮对接板16可包括一个或更多个安装翼(图5中示出)和一个或更多个安装侧板74,它们构造成将支承和结构完整性提供至涡轮对接板16。具体而言,安装侧板74可构造成将涡轮对接板16装固于涡轮拖车脊柱22。安装侧板74可经由一个或更多个可移除的紧固硬件64(例如,螺母、螺栓、螺钉、闩锁、紧固件等)装固于涡轮拖车脊柱22的一个或更多个侧壁76,并且/或者安装侧板74可经由焊接接头固定于侧壁76。
图4为图1的发生器对接板18的实施例的透视图,其示出了两个对接销24和构造成接收紧固硬件64的多个孔78。例如,一旦板16,18成对准联接于彼此(例如,对接销24牢固地在涡轮对接板16的开口40内),则一件或更多件紧固硬件64(例如,螺栓)可***穿过孔78,以将板16,18装固在一起。
在某些实施例中,发生器对接板18的长度80可为近似120cm到150cm、150cm到180cm,或180cm到200cm。此外,发生器对接板18的高度82可为近似45cm到50cm、50cm到60cm,或60cm到75cm,并且发生器对接板18的宽度84可为近似1cm到3cm、3cm到5cm,或5cm到8cm。此外,对接销24的基部部分68可为具有近似1cm到3cm、3cm到5cm,或5cm到8cm的直径的笔直圆柱形部分。在一些实施例中,对接销24的基部部分68可延伸经过涡轮对接板16的宽度84,并且可构造成确保板16,18适当且完全地联接于彼此。
图5为图1的涡轮对接板16的实施例的透视图,其示出了用于对接销24的两个开口40、侧板74以及安装翼86。如以上提到的,在涡轮拖车20的尾端32倒退到发生器拖车26中时,发生器对接板18上的对接销24可与涡轮对接板16上的开口40逐渐地联接。一旦对接板16,18联接,则多种紧固硬件可用于将对接板16,18装固在一起。例如,一个或更多个紧固硬件64(例如,螺母、螺栓、螺钉、闩锁、紧固件等)可用于将涡轮对接板16装固于发生器对接板18,如关于图6进一步描述的。
在某些实施例中,安装侧板74可经由一个或更多个紧固硬件64(例如,螺母、螺栓、螺钉、闩锁、紧固件等)装固于涡轮拖车脊柱22的一个或更多个侧壁76。在示出的实施例中,多个孔78可设置在安装侧板74上,并且可由紧固硬件64(例如,螺栓)利用,以将安装侧板74装固于涡轮拖车脊柱22的一个或更多个侧壁76(图3)。在其它实施例中,安装侧板74可焊接于一个或更多个侧壁76。此外,在一些实施例中,安装侧板74可焊接和/或经由紧固硬件64(例如,螺栓)联接于安装翼86,并且可构造成将支承和结构完整性提供至板16,18。在某些实施例中,安装翼86和侧板74可焊接在一起。在一些实施例中,任何数量的附加对准板88可联接于对接板16,18,如构造成有助于将对接站12对准于拖车20,26的记录器对准板88。例如,设置在涡轮对接板16上的记录器对准板88可构造成将涡轮对接板16的长度对准于涡轮拖车20。
在某些实施例中,涡轮对接板16的长度80可为近似120cm到150cm、150cm到180cm,或180cm到200cm。此外,涡轮对接板16的高度82可为近似45cm到50cm、50cm到60cm,或60cm到75cm,并且发生器对接板18的宽度84可为近似1cm到3cm、3cm到5cm,或5cm到8cm。
图6为进一步示出对准基准框架90的图1的机械对接***12的实施例的透视图。在某些实施例中,对接***12可包括对准框架90,其可构造成提供用于涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26在涡轮28和发生器30的组装期间(如在安装阶段期间)的对准的基准点。例如,对准框架90可用于在初始组装(例如,安装阶段)期间(如在制造阶段期间的初始组装期间)初始地对准(例如,预对准)涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26。对准框架90可包括第一圆形板92(例如,涡轮圆形板92)和第二圆形板94(例如,发生器圆形板94),它们构造成分别模拟涡轮凸缘(例如,构造成与发生器30联接的涡轮28的部分)和发生器凸缘(例如,构造成与涡轮28联接的发生器30的部分)。例如,对准框架90可有助于在它们的相应拖车20,26上的共同定向和/或位置上沿着旋转轴线基准对准涡轮28和发生器30。因此,涡轮28和发生器30经由涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26的随后对准(如由于涡轮28和/或发生器30的维护、修理、重新联接或交换(例如,试车阶段))可以以高可靠的对准重复性来完成。例如,在初始安装阶段期间利用对准框架90可允许第一涡轮拖车20在稍后时间(例如,在试车阶段期间)与第二涡轮拖车20交换,只要在第二涡轮拖车20的初始安装阶段期间使用与第一涡轮拖车20相同的对准框架90。就此而言,在安装阶段期间将对准框架90用于预对准拖车20,26可有助于消除对在试车阶段期间对准在现场的拖车20,26的需要,由此有助于减少设置它们的相应拖车20,26的涡轮28和发生器30的现场对准时间。以该方式,在某些实施例中,对接***12的对准框架90可构造为用于拖车20,26的初始安装的基准点,并且可有助于增加在试车阶段期间舰队中的涡轮拖车20的交换灵活性,并且减少***10构件的停机时间。
在某些实施例中,对准框架90可处于“A”形框架构造,其中一个或更多个支承杆96在基部98处联接于对接板16,18(例如,涡轮对接板16和发生器对接板18)。应当注意的是,在其它实施例中,对准框架90可处于其它框架构造,如呈其它几何构造(例如,三角形、矩形、圆形等)的框架构造。此外,一个或更多个支承杆96可联接于第一圆形板92(例如,涡轮圆形板92)和第二圆形板94(例如,发生器圆形板94)。涡轮圆形板92可构造成模拟涡轮凸缘(例如,构造成与发生器30联接的涡轮28的部分),并且发生器圆形板94可构造成模拟发生器凸缘(例如,构造成与涡轮28联接的发生器30的部分)。具体而言,对准框架90可构造成提供用于涡轮28和发生器30的固定基准点100,并且拖车20,26可在涡轮28与发生器30对准时对准。例如,涡轮圆形板92可构造为用于涡轮凸缘的基准点100,而发生器圆形板94可构造为用于发生器凸缘的基准点100。在某些实施例中,对准框架90可有助于将涡轮28和发生器30沿着旋转基准轴线对准,使得涡轮28和发生器30关于对接站12处于共同定向。在某些实施例中,各种对准技术可与对准框架90一起利用,以将涡轮机28与发生器30对准。例如,如刻度盘指示器、激光***等的对准技术。
图7为图1的对准***14的实施例的示意图,其中对准***14包括后摄像机42和内部脊柱激光***44。如以上关于图1提到的,后摄像机42可构造成在对接过程期间将对接***12(例如,涡轮对接板16和发生器对接板18)的图象提供至计算机54。在一些实施例中,内部脊柱激光***44包括一个或更多个光源46(例如,激光器46)、一个或更多个前摄像机50,以及一个或更多个目标48。内部脊柱激光***44的激光器46可沿向前方向102指向目标48,并且前摄像机50可构造成将目标48的图象提供至计算机54。因此,在一些实施例中,对准***14可构造成有助于分析和/或确定涡轮28与发生器30在对接过程期间的对准状态。例如,后摄像机42可用于分析和/或确定对接过程(如涡轮对接板16沿相反方向39朝向发生器对接板18的行进)是否对准。此外,内部脊柱激光***44可构造成确定和/或分析涡轮拖车20的涡轮拖车长度104(例如,近似9米到13米、13米到15米、15米或以上)是否沿着纵向方向52(例如,纵向轴线)近似笔直。实际上,可有益的是确保涡轮拖车脊柱22的长度104近似笔直,以有助于确保涡轮28与发生器30在对接过程期间(例如,在安装和/或试车阶段期间)的适当联接,使得涡轮28和发生器30的旋转轴线与彼此对齐。
因此,在涡轮拖车20的尾端32近侧设置在涡轮拖车脊柱22内的一个或更多个激光器46可指在一个或更多个目标48处,一个或更多个目标48在涡轮拖车20的头端34近侧设置在涡轮拖车脊柱22内。激光器46可构造成近似沿向前方向102朝向目标48提供均匀的光束101。此外,前摄像机50可指向成将目标48的图象提供至计算机54,以使使用者和/或操作者能够将目标48上的所得光束101可视化,如关于图8进一步详细地阐释的。在一些实施例中,激光器46可为任何形式的光源,其构造成将笔直的光束101朝向目标48且近似沿着纵向轴线52沿向前方向102发射。目标48可为由任何材料(例如,铝合金)形成的片,并且可具有允许所得的光束101相对于目标48的表面清晰可见的表面涂层。此外,在某些实施例中,内部脊柱激光***44可包括一个或更多个光源103(例如,发光二极管(LED),或任何其它光源),其构造成将光照射在目标48上,使得前摄像机50能够将目标48的清晰图象提供至计算机54。此外,激光***44可包括一个或更多个访问端口105,其可由计算者、操作者和/或使用者用于访问前摄像机50、目标48和/或光源103,用于维护、修理、替换等。
在一些实施例中,光束101在目标48上的位置可指示涡轮拖车20和涡轮拖车脊柱22的对准状态。具体而言,前摄像机50可构造成将光束101在目标48上的位置的图象提供至计算机54,以使与计算机54交互的操作者和/或使用者可使涡轮拖车22的对准状态可视化。在一些情况中,计算者、操作者和/或使用者可利用从前摄像机50接收信息的计算机54,以在对接过程期间调节涡轮拖车20沿相反方向39的对准状态和/或移动,以使涡轮29和发生器30适当地联接。例如,计算机可分析来自摄像机的信息,以提供关于涡轮拖车20的对准状态和/或移动的建议。在一些实施例中,涡轮拖车长度104的对准状态可沿着各个方向(例如,笔直、成角度或垂直向上弯曲、成角度或垂直向下弯曲、向右水平弯曲、向左水平弯曲等)笔直。例如,涡轮拖车20的对准状态可沿着纵向轴线52近似笔直。在一些情况中,涡轮拖车22的对准状态可沿垂直方向55以任何数量的度数(例如,1度到5度、5度到10度、10度到15度、15度到20度等)向上或向下近似成角度,如沿向上的垂直弓形(bow)106或向下的垂直弓形108。在一些情况中,涡轮拖车22的对准状态可沿水平方向57(如沿右侧向方向110或左侧向方向112)近似弯曲。在其中涡轮拖车20的对准状态不近似沿着纵向轴线52(例如,在目标48上的不正确位置处)的情况中,涡轮拖车20的移动可调节成使涡轮拖车脊柱22沿着纵向轴线52适当地变直。
图8为图1的计算机54和显示器56的实施例的示意图,其示出了目标48的从前摄像机50接收的图象。如以上关于图1提到的,后摄像机42和/或前摄像机50可耦合于计算机54。计算机54可为适合于执行软件应用的任何类型的计算装置,如膝上型电脑、工作站、平板计算机或手持便携式装置(例如,个人数字助理或移动电话)。计算机54可适合于执行多种现场装置构造和监测应用,并且适合于提供操作者界面,工程师或技术人员可通过该操作者界面监测***10的构件。例如,工程师或技术人员可经由显示器56使涡轮拖车20的对准状态可视化,其中显示器可描绘接收来自激光器46的光束101的目标48的图象。此外,涡轮拖车20沿相反方向39的移动可基于由摄像机42,50提供的对准状态的可视化来调节。尽管示出的实施例描绘涡轮拖车20的移动和对准,但应当注意的是,在其它实施例中,本文中描述的技术可用于监测和/或调节发生器拖车26和/或联接于涡轮拖车20的发生器拖车26的对准状态。
在一些实施例中,目标48可包括代表涡轮拖车20的对准状态的一个或更多个区域(例如,1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8个或更多)。例如,目标48可包括指示对准状态的第一区域48a、第二区域48b、第三区域48c、第四区域48d以及第五区域48e。在一些情况中,从激光器46发射的光束101可在第一区域48a或第二区域48b中击中目标48,这可指示涡轮拖车22的对准状态可沿水平方向57(如沿左侧向方向112)近似弯曲。在一些情况中,例如,从激光器46发射的光束101可在第三区域48c或第四区域48d中击中目标48,这可指示涡轮拖车22的对准状态可沿水平方向57(如沿右侧向方向110)近似弯曲。同样地,在一些情况中,例如,光束101在目标48上的位置可指示其它对准状态,如沿垂直方向55向上或向下成角度(例如,向上垂直弓形106或向下垂直弓形108)的涡轮拖车22的对准状态。具体而言,目标48可包括公差框,如第五目标区域48e,其可指示涡轮拖车20沿着纵向轴线52近似笔直。例如,在示出的实施例中,光束101在公差框内,由此向观看显示器56的工程师或技术人员指示涡轮拖车20沿着纵向轴线52近似笔直。
在一些实施例中,涡轮拖车20在对接过程期间的移动(例如,或发生器拖车26的移动和/或两个拖车20,26的移动)可基于由摄像机42,50提供的对准状态的可视化来调节。例如,在一些情况中,涡轮拖车20的对准状态可处于向上垂直弓形106方向或向下垂直弓形108方向。在此类情况中,涡轮拖车20可通过调节拖车20的轮胎气动和/或起落装置来垂直地调节。例如,拖车20的各种运输构件可沿垂直方向55移动和/或调节,以在各种程度上补偿拖车20沿垂直方向55的不对准(例如,向上垂直弓形106或向下垂直弓形108)。在一些情况中,涡轮拖车20的对准状态可沿水平方向57弯曲,如沿右侧向方向110或左侧向方向112。在此类情况中,涡轮拖车20可通过使两个拖车20,26中的一个或更多个变直而水平地调节。例如,涡轮拖车20可沿向前方向102拉动,以在沿相反方向39移动以继续对接过程之前,使涡轮拖车20和/或发生器拖车26变直。
图9为航运工具114的实施例的示意图,航运工具114联接于涡轮28并且构造成有助于增加对接***12的安装的容易。在某些实施例中,航运工具114可为包括联接于涡轮28的凸缘的U形螺栓116的联接支架114。联接支架114可构造成在涡轮28和发生器30的对接和/或联接过程期间装固涡轮28。在一些实施例中,联接支架包括一个或更多个楔形件118,以减小涡轮28在联接和/或对接过程期间的移动。此外,联接支架包括构造成将联接支架联接于涡轮28的附接点28。
图10为安装工具122的实施例的示意图,安装工具122构造成在其中拖车20,26预对准的安装阶段期间支承图1的对接***12。如以上提到的,在某些实施例中,涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26可在安装阶段期间预对准。安装工具122可为对接站台车122,其包括一个或更多个夹具124、一个或更多个可锁定脚轮124以及一个或更多个调节螺钉126。夹具124可构造成在安装阶段期间支承和/或保持对接板16,18。例如,各个对接板16,18可利用前表面和后表面上的两个夹具124,以支承和保持对接板16,18。可锁定脚轮124可构造成利用更大的灵活性将对接站台车122运输至对接过程的地点。可锁定脚轮124中的各个上的调节螺钉126可构造成在对接过程期间调节对接板16,18。
本发明的技术效果包括机械对准***14和机械对接***12,它们构造成将涡轮拖车28与发生器拖车30对准,并且因此将拖车20上的涡轮28(例如,旋转轴)与拖车26上的发生器30对准。在一些实施例中,机械对接***12(例如,对接站)可包括联接于涡轮拖车28的涡轮对接板16,和联接于发生器拖车26的发生器对接板18。涡轮对接板16可经由一个或更多个安装板联接于涡轮拖车20的涡轮拖车脊柱。此外,发生器对接板18可包括一个或更多个对接销24(例如,定位销),其在涡轮拖车20沿相反方向39移动至静止发生器拖车26时与涡轮对接板16上的一个或更多个开口40接合。在一些实施例中,对接***12可包括静态对准基准框架90,其构造成提供用于涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26在拖车20,26的安装阶段期间的对准的基准点。因此,涡轮28和发生器30经由涡轮拖车20和发生器拖车26在试车阶段期间的随后联接可以以高可靠的对准重复性来完成,增加拖车***的灵活性并且减少对准时间表之间的停机时间的量。此外,涡轮28与发生器30在试车阶段(例如,在现场)期间的随后联接可不需要附加的对准。
机械对准***14可设置在涡轮拖车脊柱22内,并且可构造成分析和/或确定涡轮拖车20和/或发生器拖车26的对准状态。机械对准***14可包括内部脊柱激光***44和后摄像机42。内部脊柱激光***44可包括前目标摄像机50、激光器46以及目标48。在一些实施例中,内部脊柱激光***44可构造成分析和/或确定涡轮拖车20的长度104是否与发生器拖车26对准。摄像机42,50可通信地耦合于控制***53和/或计算机54,并且可构造成在对接过程期间提供***10构件的图象,以使工程师或技术人员可在对接过程期间适合地调节***10构件。
该书面的描述使用实例以公开本发明(包括最佳模式),并且还使本领域技术人员能够实践本发明(包括制造和使用任何装置或***并且执行任何并入的方法)。本发明的可专利范围由权利要求限定,并且可包括本领域技术人员想到的其它实例。如果这些其它实例具有不与权利要求的字面语言不同的结构元件,或者如果这些其它实例包括与权利要求的字面语言无显著差别的等同结构元件,则这些其它实例意图在权利要求的范围内。
Claims (20)
1.一种***,其包括:
对接引导件,其包括构造成与支承涡轮发动机的第一可移动单元联接的第一对准引导件,和构造成与支承发生器的第二可移动单元联接的第二对准引导件,其中所述第一对准引导件和所述第二对准引导件构造成引导所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的联接,以有助于将所述涡轮发动机与所述发生器对准。
2.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括对准***,其构造成有助于对准所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的所述联接,其中所述对准***包括构造成将光束发射至目标的激光器,和构造成捕获所述目标的图像的摄像机。
3.根据权利要求2所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括构造成接收所述目标的所述图像的控制***,其中所述图像包括所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的所述联接的对准状态。
4.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括摄像机,其构造成在所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的对接程序期间监测所述对接引导件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一对准引导件和所述第二对准引导件包括一个或更多个阳-阴引导件对,其中所述一个或更多个阳-阴引导件对中的各对包括构造成与阴对准引导件匹配的阳对准引导件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的***,其特征在于,所述阳对准引导件包括销,并且所述阴对准引导件包括开口。
7.根据权利要求6所述的***,其特征在于,所述销包括锥形部分。
8.根据权利要求7所述的***,其特征在于,所述销包括圆柱形基部部分和所述锥形部分。
9.根据权利要求5所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一对准引导件具有带第一阳对准引导件或第一阴对准引导件的第一对接板,并且所述第二对准引导件具有带第二阳对准引导件或第二阴对准引导件的第二对接板。
10.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括具有旋转轴线基准的对准框架,所述旋转轴线基准构造成模仿所述涡轮发动机和所述发生器之间的所述联接的对准。
11.根据权利要求1所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括设置在所述第一可移动单元上的所述涡轮发动机,和设置在所述第二可移动单元上的所述发生器,其中所述第一可移动单元和所述第二可移动单元可移除地联接在一起。
12.根据权利要求11所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一可移动单元包括第一拖车,并且所述第二可移动单元包括第二拖车。
13.一种***,其包括:
对准***,其构造成有助于对准支承涡轮发动机的第一可移动单元与支承发生器的第二可移动单元之间的联接,其中所述对准***包括构造成将光束发射至目标的激光器,和构造成捕获所述目标的图像的摄像机。
14.根据权利要求13所述的***,其特征在于,所述激光器、所述目标以及所述摄像机构造成沿着所述第一可移动单元或所述第二可移动单元的脊柱安装。
15.根据权利要求14所述的***,其特征在于,所述激光器构造成沿着所述脊柱安装在第一区域内,所述目标和所述摄像机构造成沿着所述脊柱安装在第二区域内,并且所述第一区域和所述第二区域沿着所述脊柱与彼此偏移一距离。
16.根据权利要求15所述的***,其特征在于,所述激光器构造成将光束发射到所述目标上,并且所述摄像机构造成获得所述光束在所述目标上的位置的图像,作为所述脊柱关于纵向轴线的对准的指示。
17.根据权利要求16所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括构造成接收所述光束在所述目标上的所述图像的控制***,其中所述控制***构造成基于所述光束在所述目标上的所述位置来确定对准状态。
18.根据权利要求13所述的***,其特征在于,所述***包括对接引导件,其包括构造成与所述第一可移动单元联接的第一对准引导件,和构造成与所述第二可移动单元联接的第二对准引导件,其中所述第一对准引导件和所述第二对准引导件构造成引导所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的所述联接,以有助于将所述涡轮发动机与所述发生器对准。
19.一种***,其包括:
第一可移动单元,其支承涡轮发动机;
第二可移动单元,其支承发生器;
对接引导件,其包括与所述第一可移动单元联接的第一对准引导件,和与所述第二可移动单元联接的第二对准引导件,其中所述第一对准引导件和所述第二对准引导件构造成引导所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的联接,以有助于将所述涡轮发动机与所述发生器对准;以及
对准***,其构造成有助于对准所述第一可移动单元与所述第二可移动单元之间的所述联接,其中所述对准***包括构造成将光束发射至目标的激光器,和构造成捕获所述目标的图像的摄像机。
20.根据权利要求19所述的***,其特征在于,所述第一可移动单元包括第一拖车,并且所述第二可移动单元包括第二拖车。
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US14/489,323 US9950758B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | Systems and methods for a turbine trailer mechanical docking and alignment system |
PCT/US2015/048421 WO2016043986A2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-09-03 | Systems and methods for a turbine trailer mechanical docking and alignment system |
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EP (1) | EP3194186B1 (zh) |
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CN114228596A (zh) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-03-25 | 广东皓耘科技有限公司 | 一种物料补给车 |
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JP6705811B2 (ja) | 2020-06-03 |
JP2017531585A (ja) | 2017-10-26 |
CN106715165B (zh) | 2019-08-09 |
WO2016043986A2 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
EP3194186B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
US11247739B2 (en) | 2022-02-15 |
US20180237088A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
WO2016043986A3 (en) | 2016-05-06 |
EP3194186A2 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
US20160075387A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
US9950758B2 (en) | 2018-04-24 |
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