CN106714241B - A kind of cell open method that based on business load and most short average distance calculates - Google Patents
A kind of cell open method that based on business load and most short average distance calculates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The cell open method that the present invention relates to a kind of based on business load and most short average distance calculates, belongs to mobile communication technology field.In the method, judge whether to carry out cell breakdown action first with traffic load information, the then situation more for the candidate small number of cells of closed state, utilize CoMP technical characteristic, the maximum one group of cell of business load (wherein may include macrocell) be found out, finally selects the cell between the group cell with most short average distance as unlatching object in the candidate cell being in close state.The present invention realizes that simple, exchange information content is few, and the cell of closed state may make to remain off with the time as long as possible；At the same time it can also the needs of response to network portfolio variation, the multiple cells being in close state most optimally are screened, and wherein most suitable cell will quickly open.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, and relates to a small cell opening method based on service load and shortest average distance calculation.
Background
In order to meet the demand of higher system capacity and user rate for future mobile communication, the industry proposes a system architecture of Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets), which uses macro cells to provide coverage in a relatively large range, and small cells with a small coverage range mainly provide capacity compensation. However, as the proportion of the traffic generated in indoor and hot spots to the total traffic increases year by year, further enhancements to heterogeneous networks are required. For this reason, the 3GPP proposes a Small Cell Enhancement (SCE) solution in Release-12, in which an indoor scene and a hot spot scene of a Small Cell are closely related to the current industry hot spot research technology LTE-Hi in terms of design scene, technical scheme, performance target, and the like, and both directly focus on a hot spot area and an indoor area service coverage scene and a service Enhancement target.
The LTE-Hi system realizes offloading of macro cell traffic load by deploying small cells indoors or in hot spots. In the case of relatively low load, there may be many small cells with low or zero traffic, and if the small cells are kept in an on state all the time, a large amount of energy will be wasted. In order to save system energy consumption and improve energy efficiency, putting some small cells in an off (or dormant) state under the condition of relatively small traffic load is the research focus in the current LTE-Hi system. It should be noted that both the turning on and turning off of the small cell are not separable, but the current work center is mainly focused on how to turn off the small cell, and only a few studies have considered the method of turning on the small cell.
The procedure for starting the small cell can be roughly summarized as follows: (1) generating a certain trigger condition/event; (2) the system or (control center) makes an opening decision; (3) a transition from an off state to an on state; (4) in the on state. Research is mainly focused on (1) and (3), and for the design of trigger events, current candidate schemes mainly include the size of traffic load, the arrival and departure conditions based on the UE, the arrival and completion of packet calls, and the like; the research on the state transition process has mainly focused on how to reduce the transition time.
A small cell activation scheme in the present industry obtains traffic loads of a macro cell and small cells in an activation state under the control of the macro cell, compares the traffic loads with a predetermined threshold, and activates small cells in a shutdown state around the macro cell when the traffic loads are greater than the threshold. The disadvantages of this solution are mainly three points: firstly, when the traffic load of a small cell is increased, small cells which are already opened but have relatively small traffic load may exist around the small cell, and it is obviously not the best choice if the adjacent closed small cells are directly selected to be opened; secondly, if a plurality of small cells with off states exist around the small cell with the increased load, how to select which one of the small cells to turn on; third, when the macro cell load increases, it should select which one of the plurality of off-state small cells to turn on. In order to deal with the above problems, solutions have been proposed, respectively, for example, in order to screen out which small cell should be turned on when the load is increased, a scheme proposes that location information is exchanged between a user terminal ue (user equipment) and a base station and a certain triangulation algorithm is used in a system that does not support location to achieve location, and after the system knows each location, it can know which closed small cells exist near an area where the load is increased by combining network topology information, but the scheme is relatively complex and has high energy consumption. In addition, some schemes propose to select the last turned-off small cell to be turned on when the load is increased, which is simple to implement, but has accuracy problems, for example, when the newly added load is in the coverage of the small cell from another dormant state rather than the last turned-off small cell, the performance of turning on the last turned-off small cell is not optimal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a small cell activation method based on service load and shortest average distance calculation, which relates to an activation control technique in a small cell switch of an LTE-Hi (LTE-Hot spot/indoor) system in a heterogeneous network. The method selects a set of small cells and macro cells with relatively large service load in a network coverage range, determines whether a small cell which is most suitable for opening exists or not by comparing the average distance between each small cell in a closed state and each element in the set, and triggers a command to control the opening of the small cell. The load information exchanged in the method is only locally (namely between the macro cells and the small cells which are adjacent to each other) and is not required to collect the load information of all the small cells and the macro base stations on the whole network layer, so that the energy consumption of the system is saved. In addition, in order to maximize energy efficiency and avoid starting unnecessary small cells, the process of starting the small cells is designed to be performed in the coverage range of the same macro cell and only on one small cell in the same starting control period.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a small cell opening method based on service load and shortest average distance calculation is characterized in that whether small cell opening action is required or not is judged by using service load information, then a group of small cells (possibly including macro cells) with the largest service load is found by using CoMP (Coordinated Multiple Points) technical characteristics according to the condition that the number of candidate closed small cells is large, and finally the small cell with the shortest average distance to the group of small cells is selected from the candidate closed small cells to be used as an opening object.
Further, the determining whether to perform the small cell activation action by using the service load information specifically includes: selecting a set of small cells and macro cells with relatively large service load in a network coverage range, and determining whether a small cell which is most suitable for being opened exists or not by comparing the average distance between each small cell in a closed state and each element in the set and triggering a command to control the small cell to be opened; the exchanged load information is only locally (namely between the macro cells and the small cells which are adjacent to each other) and is not used for collecting the load information of all the small cells and the macro base stations on the whole network layer, so that the energy consumption of the system is saved. In addition, in order to maximize energy efficiency and avoid starting unnecessary small cells, the process of starting the small cells is designed to be performed in the coverage range of the same macro cell and only on one small cell in the same starting control period.
Further, in the method, the macro cell periodically obtains the load information of each small cell under the control of the macro cell and the load information of the macro cell; then judging that the load is greater than a threshold value lambdathresholdAnd the duration exceeds TthresholdWhether the proportion of the number of small cells to the total number of small cells in the on state exceeds a threshold P and whether the load of the macro cell is greater than a threshold lambdaMC-thresholdAnd the duration exceeds TMC-threshold(ii) a If at least one of the two conditions is satisfied, an action of opening the small cell is required; it should be noted that, the setting of the threshold P has the following functions: although the load of a certain small cell exceeds the threshold lambdathresholdHowever, if there is a small cell with low traffic load around it, it means that a part of the traffic of the high-load small cell can be shunted to the small cells with low traffic around it, without turning on a small cell in an off state, but when it is greater than the threshold value λthresholdWhen the proportion of the small cells exceeds P, it means that there are many high-load small cells, and there is no suitable small cell in an on state, where only low traffic load exists, to shunt the increased traffic in the network. At this time, the system (or the control center) should make an on decision to trigger one of the small cells in the off state to achieve the goal.
Further, in the method, when the small cell needs to be opened, the macro cell detects the switch record or the small cell state record of the macro cell to know which small cells are in the closed state; if only one closed small cell exists, the macro cell directly sends an opening signal to the closed small cell; if the number of the cells exceeds one, judging a group of cells with the largest traffic volume by utilizing the technical characteristics of coordinated multi-point transmission CoMP, then obtaining the distance from each closed-state cell to each small cell in the group of cells by network topology, calculating the average distance on the basis, and finally selecting the closed-state small cell with the shortest average distance and opening the closed-state small cell.
Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in an LTE system, information interaction is realized among cells through an X2 interface; firstly, a macro cell base station determines self load information and periodically receives the load information reported by each small cell under the control of the macro cell base station through an X2 interface; suppose an open small cell cluster within the coverage area of a macro cell network is Son＝{SC1，SC2，...，SCMThe collected service load information is lambdaTotal＝{λ1，λ2，...，λMThe self load information of the macro cell is lambdaMC(ii) a Then, the macro cell base station judges that the load is larger than the threshold value lambdathresholdAnd the duration exceeds TthresholdWhether the proportion of the number of small cells to the total number of small cells in the on state exceeds a threshold P and whether the load of the macro cell is greater than a threshold lambdaMC-thresholdDuration exceeding TMC-threshold(ii) a If at least one of the two conditions is satisfied, an action of opening the small cell is required, that is:
or
λMC＞λMC-threshold&&T>TMC-threshold
Wherein,the number of the small cells with the load and the duration respectively larger than the threshold value, wherein M is the total number of the small cells in the open state;
step two: after the macro cell finishes the judgment process of the first step, if small cell opening action is needed, the macro cell learns which small cells are currently in the closed state from the records of the macro cell, if only one small cell currently in the closed state exists, the macro cell directly sends an opening signal to the small cell, and then the step five is carried out; if more than one candidate small cell exists, the macro cell executes the step three;
step three: the macro cell determines the UE which uses CoMP to obtain service, and can select all or part of the UE to obtain a set UECoMP＝{UE1，UE2，...，UEX}; subsequently, the directional UE is sequentially detectedi(i ═ 1,2, …, X) a set of serving small cells (which may also include macro cells, and the same applies below), for example, by detecting between the UE and which cells CoMP signaling is transmitted. In practical applications, generally, the number of cells that provide service to a certain UE is two to three, so after detecting CoMP serving small cells corresponding to all UEs, two to three small cells that provide service to the most UEs can be determined, assuming that C is the smallest numberH＝{C1，C2，C3}. The group of small cells provides services for the most UE, and the service load is the heaviest, so that the small cells are urgently needed to be started to carry out service distribution, and then the step four is carried out;
step four: due to the known network topology, the macro cell can derive each off-state small cell SC in its logoff＝{SC1，SC2，...，SCjTo set CHAnd calculates an average distance of each off-state small cell to each small cell in the small cell group, e.g., SCoff＝{SC1，SC2，SC3}，CH＝{C1，C2，C3Get it
Wherein,is SCiTo CHThe average distance of (a) is,is SCiTo CjThe distance of (c). Compare eachThe system (or control center) will give the small cell in the off state with the shortest average distance, i.e. to the optimal small cell to be turned on
And sending an opening trigger signal.
Step five: the small cell in the closed state enters the opening operation process after receiving the opening signal sent by the macro cell through the monitoring interface, and sends an opening success signal to the macro cell after the small cell is smoothly opened, and the macro cell updates the SCoffAnd SCon(ii) a Then, turned on newlyThe small cell receives the service switching information transmitted by the surrounding high-load small cells (or macro cells), switches part of the UE to the service link of the small cell, and starts to provide service; and finally, entering the next switch control period. It should be noted that there may be more than one small cell with the shortest average distance in step four, and one may be randomly selected to be turned on.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method provided by the invention is simple to realize, the exchanged information amount is small, and the small cell in the closed state can be kept in the closed state for as long as possible; meanwhile, the method can also respond to the requirement of network traffic change, optimally screen a plurality of small cells in the closed state, and quickly open the most suitable small cell.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
fig. 1 is a small cell switch control scenario diagram;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the macro cell side when the small cell is turned on;
figure 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the small cell side when the small cell is turned on;
fig. 4 is a flowchart for screening an optimal small cell to be turned on by using the minimum average distance.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a small cell switch control scenario, and the method provided by the present invention includes the following four preconditions and five main steps:
precondition 1: the location of each cell (including macro and small cells) is known and each cell knows the cells existing around it, which condition can be configured by the operator when deploying the network or according to some automatic configuration method (i.e. the method performs the function of identifying the cells around it when a cell is subsequently deployed into the network separately).
Precondition 2: the macro cell side records the status of each small cell under its control and the corresponding history switch record. Since the present invention mainly relates to a small cell opening method, it is assumed that a signal to enter a closed state is sent to a macro cell of a certain small cell before the small cell enters the closed state, and the macro cell records the state and closing operation of the small cell after receiving the signal. When the operation of opening the small cell is implemented, the system (or the control center) takes one or more small cells in the record as candidates. Similarly, after the small cell is turned on, the status and the turning on operation are recorded by the macro cell.
Precondition 3: the small cell in the off state is not completely turned off, and a communication interface dedicated to receiving an on (or wake-up) signal transmitted by the macro cell exists, and is in the listening state at all times.
Precondition 4: in the LTE-a system, a UE can simultaneously connect with a plurality of cells by using a CoMP technique. LTE-Hi is an enhanced system for LTE system, so it is assumed that CoMP technology can also be used in LTE-Hi system. In fact, it is necessary to use CoMP technology in LTE-Hi, and when the network load increases, by using CoMP technology, the UE receives services of multiple small cells, especially the UE at the edge of the cell, simultaneously, not only the QoS of the user is guaranteed, but also the load balance is achieved in a certain sense. Meanwhile, in the method of the invention, because the CoMP technology is adopted as the basis of the technical implementation scheme, the small cell in the closed state is kept in the closed state for as long as possible, and the energy efficiency of the system is improved.
On the basis of the above precondition, the specific operation steps of the scheme of the invention are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: in the LTE system, information interaction is realized between cells through an X2 interface. Firstly, the macro cell base station determines its own load information, and periodically receives the load information reported by each small cell under its control through an X2 interface. Suppose an open small cell cluster within the coverage area of a macro cell network is Son＝{SC1，SC2，...，SCMThe collected service load information is lambdaTotal＝{λ1，λ2，...，λMThe self load information of the macro cell is lambdaMC. Then, the macro cell base station judges that the load is larger than the threshold value lambdathresholdAnd the duration exceeds TthresholdWhether the proportion of the number of small cells to the total number of small cells in the on state exceeds a threshold P and whether the load of the macro cell is greater than a threshold lambdaMC-thresholdDuration exceeding TMC-threshold. If at least one of the two conditions is satisfied, an action of opening the small cell is required. Namely:
or
λMC＞λMC-threshold&&T>TMC-threshold
Wherein,the number of the small cells with the load and the duration respectively larger than the threshold value, and M is the total number of the small cells in the open state.
Step two: and after the macro cell finishes the judgment process of the first step, if the small cell opening action is required to be carried out. And the macro cell knows which small cells are currently in the closed state from the records, and if only one small cell is currently in the closed state, the macro cell directly sends an opening signal to the small cell, and then the step five is carried out. And if more than one candidate small cell exists, the macro cell executes the step three.
Step three: the macro cell determines the UE which uses CoMP to obtain service, and can select all or part of the UE to obtain a set UECoMP＝{UE1，UE2，...，UEX}. Subsequently, the directional UE is sequentially detectedi(i ═ 1,2, …, X) a set of serving small cells (which may also include macro cells, and the same applies below), for example, by detecting between the UE and which cells CoMP signaling is transmitted. In practical application, the number of cells providing service to a UE is two to three, so that all UEs are detected to correspond to each otherAfter serving the small cell for CoMP, two to three small cells serving the most UEs can be determined, assuming CH＝{C1，C2，C3}. Since the group of small cells provides services for the most UEs and the traffic load is the heaviest, it is urgently needed to start the small cells to perform traffic offloading on the small cells, and then the step four is performed.
Step four: due to the known network topology, the macro cell can derive each off-state small cell SC in its logoff＝{SC1，SC2，...，SCjTo set CHAnd calculates an average distance of each off-state small cell to each small cell in the small cell group, e.g., SCoff＝{SC1，SC2，SC3}，CH＝{C1，C2，C3Get it
Wherein,is SCiTo CHThe average distance of (a) is,is SCiTo CjThe distance of (c). Compare eachThe system (or control center) will give the small cell in the off state with the shortest average distance, i.e. to the optimal small cell to be turned on
And sending an opening trigger signal. Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the macro cell side when the small cell is turned on.
Step five: the small cell in the closed state enters the opening operation process after receiving the opening signal sent by the macro cell through the monitoring interface, and sends an opening success signal to the macro cell after the small cell is smoothly opened, and the macro cell updates the SCoffAnd SCon. Then, the newly opened small cell will receive the traffic switching information transmitted from its surrounding high-load small cells (or macro cells), switch part of the UEs to its traffic link, and start to provide service by it. And finally, entering the next switch control period. It should be noted that there may be more than one small cell with the shortest average distance in step four, and one may be randomly selected to be turned on. Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the small cell end when the small cell is turned on.
In LTE-a, the CoMP technology can be used to improve the spectrum efficiency of cell edge users and reduce inter-cell interference, operate multiple geographically separated base stations, and perform data transmission to a certain terminal or jointly receive data sent by the terminal. It should be noted that, in an actual CoMP application, there are generally two to three cells (or small cells) serving a single terminal, and a macro cell itself is included therein. Based on the characteristic, the macro cell firstly detects the UEs which use the CoMP technology to obtain service, then obtains the cells which simultaneously serve each UE according to the above information, and finally can screen out two to three cells which provide service for the most UEs. For example, UE1 is connected to SC1, SC2, MC (where SC represents small cell and MC represents macro cell) through CoMP, UE2 is connected to SC1, SC3, MC through CoMP, and UE3 is connected to SC1, MC through CoMP, so that a group of cells serving the most UEs are SC1 and MC. After the cell group is obtained, the macro cell detects the switch record or the small cell state record of the macro cell, and obtains the distance from each closed small cell to each small cell member (or macro cell) in the cell group by combining with the network topology, and calculates the average distance according to the distance, and finally sends a triggering signal for starting (or waking up) to the small cell with the shortest average distance, and the closed small cell enters the starting (or waking up) process after receiving the signal sent by the macro cell. After the small cell is normally opened and works, the processes of UE relocation selection, service switching and the like are carried out, service shunting is carried out on the obtained cell group, and a signal of successful opening is sent to the macro cell. By this point, all processes within one turn-on period end. It should be noted that if there is more than one small cell with the shortest average distance, one small cell may be randomly selected to be turned on. Fig. 4 shows a process of screening out an optimal small cell to be turned on by using the CoMP characteristic and the average distance calculation.
To further understand the present solution, fig. 1 illustrates that, for example, SC01 and SC02 are in an off state, and a set of small cells (or macro cells) serving most UEs are found to be MC0, SC03 and SC15 by utilizing the CoMP technology characteristic. When the small cell needs to be opened in the coverage area of the MC0, the SC02 is triggered by the macro base station to control to be opened because of the distance from SC02 to MC0Distance to SC03Distance to SC15) And/3, the average distance between the small cell and the other small cells in the closed state is the minimum. For another example, if SC21, SC22, and SC24 are in the off state, and the small cells and macro cells serving the most UEs are SC03 and MC2, respectively, SC21 will be turned on due to the shortest average distance. Another more specific example is that if SC14, SC15, SC16 are all in the off state, and the small cells and macro cells serving the most UEs are SC02 and MC1, respectively, according to the proposed solution of the present invention, SC14 or SC15 may be turned on, which mainly occurs when a plurality of off-state small cells are very close to each otherIn the scenario, one of them is randomly selected to be turned on at this time (assumed to be SC 14). After normal start-up, when the next period comes, if small cell start-up action is still required, SC15 is likely to be selected and started again after a series of steps.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A small cell opening method based on service load and shortest average distance calculation is characterized in that: in the method, firstly, service load information is utilized to judge whether to carry out small cell opening action, then, aiming at the condition that the number of candidate closed-state small cells is large, a group of small cells with the maximum service load is found out by utilizing the technical characteristic of coordinated multi-point transmission (CoMP), and finally, the small cell with the shortest average distance to the group of small cells is selected from the candidate closed-state small cells as an opening object;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: in an LTE system, information interaction is realized among cells through an X2 interface; firstly, a macro cell base station determines self load information and periodically receives the load information reported by each small cell under the control of the macro cell base station through an X2 interface; suppose an open small cell cluster within the coverage area of a macro cell network is Son＝{SC1，SC2，...，SCMThe collected service load information is lambdaTotal＝{λ1，λ2，...，λMThe self load information of the macro cell is lambdaMC(ii) a Then, the macro cell base station judges that the load is larger than the threshold value lambdathresholdAnd the duration exceeds TthresholdWhether the proportion of the number of small cells to the total number of small cells in the on state exceeds a threshold P and whether the load of the macro cell is greater than a threshold lambdaMC-thresholdDuration exceeding TMC-threshold(ii) a If at least one of the two conditions is satisfied, an action of opening the small cell is required, that is:
or
λMC＞λMC-threshold&&T＞TMC-threshold
Wherein,the number of the small cells with the load and the duration respectively larger than the threshold value, wherein M is the total number of the small cells in the open state;
step two: after the macro cell finishes the judgment process of the first step, if small cell opening action is needed, the macro cell learns which small cells are currently in the closed state from the records of the macro cell, if only one small cell currently in the closed state exists, the macro cell directly sends an opening signal to the small cell, and then the step five is carried out; if more than one candidate small cell exists, the macro cell executes the step three;
step three: the macro cell determines the UE which uses CoMP to obtain service, and can select all or part of the UE to obtain a set UECoMP＝{UE1，UE2，...，UEX}; subsequently, the directional UE is sequentially detectediA serving set of small cells, i ═ 1,2, …, X; the group of small cells provides services for the most UE, the service load is the heaviest, the small cells are urgently needed to be started to carry out service distribution, and then the step four is carried out;
step four: due to the known network topology, the macro cell can derive each off-state small cell SC in its logoff＝{SC1，SC2，...，SCJTo set CHAnd calculating the average distance from each closed-state small cell to each small cell in the small cell group, and comparing the distancesThe system or control center will give the small cell in the off state with the shortest average distance, i.e. to the optimal small cell to be turned on
Sending a starting trigger signal;
step five: the small cell in the closed state enters the opening operation process after receiving the opening signal sent by the macro cell through the monitoring interface, and sends an opening success signal to the macro cell after the small cell is smoothly opened, and the macro cell updates the SCoffAnd SCon(ii) a Then, the newly started small cell receives service switching information sent by the surrounding high-load small cells or the macro cell, switches part of UE to the service link of the newly started small cell, and starts to provide service; and finally, entering the next switch control period.
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| CN110896552B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2022-08-30 | ***通信集团广东有限公司 | Load balancing method and device |
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