CN106709204A - Simulation computation method of deflection characteristics of high-duty two-leveled alterable stiffness leaf spring - Google Patents
Simulation computation method of deflection characteristics of high-duty two-leveled alterable stiffness leaf spring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simulation computation method of deflection characteristics of high-duty two-leveled alterable stiffness leaf spring, which belongs to vehicle suspension leaf spring technology field. According to the structure parameters of each main spring and each auxiliary spring, elastic modulus, load rating, the initial tangent arc height design value of the main spring, and the initial tangent arc height design value of the first level auxiliary spring and the second level auxiliary spring, the method can conduct the simulation computation to the deflection characteristics of high-duty two-leveled alterable stiffness leaf spring in different loads. The simulation and prototype testing can prove that the method is right. Utilizing the method, we can get an accurate and reliable simulation computation value of deflection characteristics. It is guaranteed that the initial tangent arc height of the leaf spring and the tangent arc height in load rating and the maximum deflection can meet design requirements. The simulation computation method of deflection characteristics of high-duty two-leveled alterable stiffness leaf spring has the advantages of improving the design, quality and performance of productions, and reducing design and testing expenses and accelerates product development speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle suspension leaf spring, particularly the emulation meter of the flexibility characteristics of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring
Algorithm.
Background technology
With the appearance of high strength steel plate material, vehicle suspension can use high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, so as to enter
The vehicle ride performance and suspension gradual change offset frequency that one step is met under different loads keep constant design requirement, wherein, gradually
Flexibility characteristics of the variation rigidity leaf spring under different loads, not only influence the traveling smooth-going of leaf spring progressive rate, suspension offset frequency and vehicle
Property, but also make the remaining tangent line camber and maximum spacing amount of deflection design influenceed under leaf spring initial tangential camber, rated load
Simulating, verifying.Structural parameters and load due to main spring amount of deflection not only with main spring and one-level auxiliary spring and two grades of auxiliary springs are relevant, also with
Each time contact load is relevant, and contact length and progressive rate in gradual change contact process all changes with load, therefore,
The main spring amount of deflection of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring calculates extremely complex.And for give design structure high intensity two-stage gradually
The flexibility characteristics simulation calculation of variation rigidity leaf spring, in addition to the restriction that acceptor's spring amount of deflection is calculated, is also emulated by contact load and counted
The restriction of this key issue is calculated, is understood according to consulting reference materials, predecessor State is inside and outside not to provide high intensity two-stage progressive rate plate always
The simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of spring.With Vehicle Speed and its continuous improvement to ride comfort requirement, to high intensity
The design of two-stage progressive rate plate spring suspension system proposes requirements at the higher level, therefore, it is necessary to set up a kind of accurate, reliable high intensity
The simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, meet Vehicle Industry fast-developing, vehicle ride performance and
Security and its design to high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring and the requirement of characteristic Simulation, the design level of raising product,
Quality and vehicle ride performance and security;Meanwhile, design and testing expenses can be also reduced, accelerate product development speed.
The content of the invention
For defect present in above-mentioned prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide it is a kind of easy,
The simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of reliable high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, design flow diagram, as shown in Figure 1.Deng partially
Each leaf spring of frequency two-stage progressive rate leaf spring uses high-strength steel sheet, and width is b, and elastic modelling quantity is E, each leaf spring in
Symmetrical structure centered on heart bolt mounting hole, its install clamp away from half L0For U-bolts clamp away from half L0;High intensity
The half symmetrical structure of two-stage progressive rate leaf spring is as shown in Fig. 2 by main spring 1, first order auxiliary spring 2 and the structure of second level auxiliary spring 3
Into, wherein, the piece number of main spring 1 is n, and the thickness of each of main spring is hi, half action length is LiT, half clamping length is Li=
LiT-L0/ 2, i=1,2 ..., n.The piece number of first order auxiliary spring 2 is m1, the thickness that first order auxiliary spring is each is hA1j, half effect
Length is LA1jT, half clamping length is LA1j=LAjT-L0/ 2, j=1,2 ..., m1.The piece number of second level auxiliary spring 3 is m2, second
The thickness of each of auxiliary spring of level is hA2k, half action length is LA2kT, half clamping length is LA2k=LA2kT-L0/ 2, k=1,
2,…,m2.First order gradual change gap between first upper surface of main spring tailpiece lower surface and first order auxiliary spring, in first order pair
Second level gradual change gap between first upper surface of spring tailpiece lower surface and second level auxiliary spring.Main spring, first order auxiliary spring and second
Level auxiliary spring is provided with initial tangential camber HgM0、HgA10And HgA20, it is ensured that first order gradual change gap and second level gradual change gap meet the 1st
It is secondary to start contact load, the 2nd beginning contact load and completely attach to gradual change offset frequency and the rated loads such as load, suspension the 2nd time
It is left cotangent bank design requirement high.According to each structural parameters of leaf spring, elastic modelling quantity, rated load, main spring and at different levels
Flexibility characteristics of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring under different loads are carried out emulation meter by the initial tangential camber of auxiliary spring
Calculate.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the flexibility characteristics of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring provided by the present invention is imitative
True calculating method, it is characterised in that use following simulation calculation step:
(1) the initial curvature radius on the upper and lower surface in first order gradual change gap of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring is imitative
It is true to calculate:
I steps:Main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RM0bCalculating
Initial tangential camber H according to main springgM0, the piece number n of main spring, the thickness h of each of main springi, i=1,2 ..., n are main
The half clamping length L of first of spring1, to main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RM0bSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
II steps:First of first order auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA10aSimulation calculation
According to the first order auxiliary spring half clamping length L of firstA11, the initial tangential camber H of first order auxiliary springgA10, to
First of one-level auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA10aEmulated, i.e.,
(2) the initial curvature radius on the upper and lower surface in second level gradual change gap of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring is imitative
It is true to calculate:
Step A:First order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RA10bSimulation calculation
Piece number m according to first order auxiliary spring1, the thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is eachA1j, j=1,2 ... m1, and step (1)
R in II steps obtained by simulation calculationA10a, to first order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RA10bCarry out emulation meter
Calculate, i.e.,
Step B:First of second level auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA20aSimulation calculation
According to the second level auxiliary spring half clamping length L of firstA21, the initial tangential camber H of second level auxiliary springgA20, to
First upper table radius of curvature R of two grades of auxiliary springsA20aSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
(3) the 1st time of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk1Simulation calculation:
According to the width b of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, elastic modulus E;The half of first of main spring clamps span length's degree
L1, the piece number n of main spring, the thickness h of each of main springi, i=1,2 ..., n, the R that simulation calculation is obtained in the I steps of step (1)M0b,
The R that simulation calculation is obtained in II stepsA10a, contact load P is started to the 1st timek1Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
In formula, hMeIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring root lap,
(4) the 2nd time of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk2Simulation calculation:
According to the width b of high intensity two-stage leaf spring with gradually changing stiffness, elastic modulus E;The half of first main spring clamp across
Length L1;The piece number m of first order auxiliary spring1, the thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is eachA1j, j=1,2 ..., m1;Emulation meter in step (2)
R obtained by calculatingA10bAnd RA20a, resulting P in step (3)k1And hMe, to the 2nd beginning Pk2Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
In formula, hMA1eIt is main spring and the equivalent thickness of the root lap of first order auxiliary spring,
(5) the 2nd full contact load p of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf springw2Simulation calculation:
According to main spring and the compound clamping stiffness K of first order auxiliary springMA1, the total compound clamping stiffness K of major-minor springMA2, step
(4) P that simulation calculation is obtained ink2, to the 2nd full contact load pw2Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
(6) simulation calculation of flexibility characteristics of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring under different loads:
Clamping stiffness K according to main springM, the compound clamping stiffness K of main spring and first order auxiliary springMA1, major-minor spring it is total compound
Clamp stiffness KMA2, rated load PN, and the P that simulation calculation is obtained in step (3)~(5)k1、Pk2And Pw2, reciprocity gradual change offset frequency
Flexibility characteristics of the two-stage progressive rate leaf spring under different loads P carry out simulation calculation, i.e.,
The present invention has the advantage that than prior art
The restriction of key issue is calculated due to contact load simulation calculation and main spring amount of deflection, predecessor State is inside and outside not to be provided always
The simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring.The present invention can be according to each of main spring and the structure of auxiliary spring
Parameter, elastic modelling quantity, rated load, main spring initial tangential camber, the first order and the initial camber design load of second level auxiliary spring, first
Simulation calculation is carried out to contact load, then, on this basis, using amount of deflection analytical Calculation Mathematical Modeling, to high intensity two-stage
The flexibility characteristics under different loads of progressive rate leaf spring carry out simulation calculation.By simulation calculation and prototype test,
The simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring provided by the present invention is correct, and it is accurate to can obtain
The reliable amount of deflection simulation calculation value under specified load, is the checking of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring characteristic Simulation, there is provided
Reliable technical foundation.The residue under contact load, initial tangential camber, the rated load of leaf spring is can ensure that using the method
Tangent line camber and maximum spacing amount of deflection meet design requirement, improve product design level, quality and vehicle ride performance and
Security;Meanwhile, design and testing expenses can be also reduced, accelerate product development speed.
Brief description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the simulation calculation flow process figure of the flexibility characteristics of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring;
Fig. 2 is the half symmetrical structure schematic diagram of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring;
Fig. 3 is that the load deflexion characteristic of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring obtained by the simulation calculation of embodiment is bent
Line.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment.
Embodiment:The width b=63mm of certain high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, U-bolts clamp away from half L0=
50mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa.The total tablet number of major-minor spring is N=5, wherein, main reed number n=2 pieces, the thickness of each of main spring
Degree h1=h2=8mm, the half action length of each of main spring is respectively L1T=525mm, L2T=450mm;Half clamping length point
Wei not L1=L1T-L0/ 2=500mm, L2=L2T-L0/ 2=425mm;The initial tangential camber H of main springgM0=112.2mm.First
The piece number m of level auxiliary spring1=1, thickness hA11=11mm, half action length is LA11T=360mm, half clamping length LA11=
LA11T-L0/ 2=335mm;The initial tangential camber H of first order auxiliary springgA10=22.8mm.The piece number m of second level auxiliary spring2=2,
The thickness h that second level auxiliary spring is eachA21=hA22=11mm, half action length LA21T=250mm, LA22T=155mm;Half is pressed from both sides
Tight length LA21=LA21T-L0/ 2=225mm, LA22=LA22T-L0/ 2=130mm, the initial tangential camber H of second level auxiliary springgA20
=4.4mm.Rated load PN=7227N, the main spring residue tangent line camber design requirement value H under rated loadgMsy=
26.1mm.Main spring clamps stiffness KMThe compound clamping stiffness K of=51.44N/mm, main spring and first order auxiliary springMA1=112.56N/
Mm, the total compound of major-minor spring clamps stiffness KMA2=181.86N/mm.According to each structural parameters of leaf spring, elastic modelling quantity is specified
The initial tangential camber of load, main spring and auxiliary spring at different levels, to high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring the scratching under different loads
Degree characteristic carries out simulation calculation.
The simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring that present example is provided, its emulation
Calculation process is as shown in figure 1, specific simulation calculation step is as follows:
(1) the initial curvature radius on the upper and lower surface in first order gradual change gap of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring is imitative
It is true to calculate:
I steps:Main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RM0bSimulation calculation
According to main spring initial tangential camber HgM0=112.2mm, the piece number n=2 of main spring, the thickness h of each of main spring1=h2=
8mm, the half clamping length L of first of main spring1=500mm, to main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RM0bCarry out emulation meter
Calculate, i.e.,
II steps:First of first order auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA10aSimulation calculation
According to the first order auxiliary spring half clamping length L of firstA11=335mm, first order auxiliary spring initial tangential camber HgA10
=22.8mm, to first of first order auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA10aSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
(2) the initial curvature radius on the upper and lower surface in second level gradual change gap of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring is imitative
It is true to calculate:
Step A:First order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RA10bSimulation calculation
Piece number m according to first order auxiliary spring1=1, thickness hA11Simulation calculation institute in=13mm, and the II steps of step (1)
The R for obtainingA10a=2786.1mm, to first order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RA10bSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
RA10b=RA10a+hA11=2483.5mm;
Step B:First of second level auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA20aSimulation calculation
According to the second level auxiliary spring half clamping length L of firstA21=L4=225mm, the initial tangential arc of second level auxiliary spring
H highgA20=4.4mm, to first upper table radius of curvature R of second level auxiliary springA20aSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
(3) the 1st time of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk1Simulation calculation:
According to the width b=63mm of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, elastic modulus E=200GPa;First of main spring
Half clamps span length's degree L1=500mm, the piece number n=2 of main spring, the thickness h of each of main spring1=h2=8mm, the I steps of step (1)
The R that simulation calculation is obtained in rapidM0bThe R that simulation calculation is obtained in=1186mm, II stepA10a=2472.5mm, opens the 1st time
Beginning contact load Pk1Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
In formula, hMeIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring root lap,
(4) the 2nd time of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk2Simulation calculation:
According to the width b=63mm of high intensity two-stage leaf spring with gradually changing stiffness, elastic modulus E=200Gpa;First master
The half of spring clamps span length's degree L1=500mm;The piece number m of first order auxiliary spring1=1, thickness hA11Calculated in=11mm, step (2)
Resulting RA10b=2483.5mm and RA20a=5755mm, resulting P in step (3)k1=1886.3N and hMe=
10.1mm, contact load P is started to the 2nd timek2Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
In formula, hMA1eIt is main spring and the equivalent thickness of the root lap of first order auxiliary spring,(5) the 2nd full contact load p of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf springw2Emulation
Calculate:
According to main spring and the compound clamping stiffness K of first order auxiliary springMA1=112.56N/mm, the total compound of major-minor spring is clamped
Stiffness KMA2=181.86N/mm, the P that simulation calculation is obtained in step (4)k2=4150.3N, to the 2nd full contact load pw2
Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
Compared with design requirement value and prototype test test value by simulation calculation value, the 1st time start contact load,
Start contact load P 2nd timek2With the 2nd full contact load pw2Checking computations value be respectively Pk1=1886.3N, Pk2=
4150.3N、Pw2=6705.7N, with former contact load design load Pk1=1888N, Pk2=4133N, Pw2=6678N matches, absolutely
- 1.7N ,+17.3N ,+27.7N are respectively to deviation, the major-minor spring camber of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring are illustrated and is connect
Tactile load is reliable, meets the design requirement of the gradual change such as suspension offset frequency and contact load.
(6) simulation calculation of flexibility characteristics of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring under different loads:
Stiffness K is clamped according to main springMThe compound clamping stiffness K of=51.44N/mm, main spring and first order auxiliary springMA1=
112.56N/mm, the total compound of major-minor spring clamps stiffness KMA2=181.86N/mm, rated load PN=7227N, step (3)~
The P that simulation calculation is obtained in step (5)k1=1886.3N, Pk2=4150.3N and Pw2=6705.7N, to the high intensity two-stage gradually
Flexibility characteristics of the variation rigidity leaf spring under different loads carry out simulation calculation, i.e.,
Using Matlab calculation procedures, the load deflexion of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring obtained by simulation calculation
Characteristic curve, as shown in figure 3, wherein, in Pk1Main spring amount of deflection f under=1886.3NMk1=36.7mm, in Pk2Under=4150.3N
Main spring amount of deflection fMk2=65.6mm, in Pw2Main spring amount of deflection f under=6705.7NMw2=83.3mm, in PNMaster under=7227N
Spring amount of deflection fMN=86.1mm.By the initial tangential camber H of the main springgM0=112.2mm, and main spring amount of deflection simulation calculation value fMN=
86.1mm, it is known that, the design that the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring meets the main spring residue tangent line camber under rated load will
Evaluation HgMsy=HgM0-fMN=26.1mm, meets design requirement.
Verified by model machine load deflection experimental test, high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring provided by the present invention
The simulation calculation method of flexibility characteristics be correct, amount of deflection simulation calculation value and experimental test validation value phase under specified load
It coincide, for the flexibility characteristics emulation of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring provides reliable technical method.Can using the method
Ensure that the remaining tangent line camber under contact load, initial tangential camber, the rated load of leaf spring and maximum spacing amount of deflection meet to set
Meter requirement, improves design level, quality and vehicle ride performance and the security of product;Meanwhile, reduce design and test fee
With quickening product development speed.
Claims (1)
1. the simulation calculation method of the flexibility characteristics of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, wherein, leaf spring uses high-strength steel sheet, respectively
Piece leaf spring be with center mounting hole symmetrical structure, install clamp away from half for U-bolts clamp away from half;Leaf spring by
Main spring and two-stage auxiliary spring are constituted, by the initial tangential camber and two-stage gradual change gap of main spring and two-stage auxiliary spring, it is ensured that leaf spring is full
Sufficient contact load, progressive rate and suspension offset frequency keep constant requirement, that is, wait gradual change offset frequency type high intensity two-stage progressive rate
Leaf spring;According to each structural parameters of leaf spring, elastic modelling quantity, rated load, the initial tangential camber of main spring and auxiliary spring at different levels,
On the basis of contact load simulation calculation, flexibility characteristics of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring under different loads are imitated
True to calculate, specific simulation calculation step is as follows:
(1) the emulation meter of the initial curvature radius on the upper and lower surface in first order gradual change gap of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring
Calculate:
I steps:Main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RM0bCalculating
Initial tangential camber H according to main springgM0, the piece number n of main spring, the thickness h of each of main springi, i=1,2 ..., n, main spring head
The half clamping length L of piece1, to main spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RM0bSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
II steps:First of first order auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA10aSimulation calculation
According to the first order auxiliary spring half clamping length L of firstA11, the initial tangential camber H of first order auxiliary springgA10, to the first order
First of auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA10aEmulated, i.e.,
(2) the emulation meter of the initial curvature radius on the upper and lower surface in second level gradual change gap of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring
Calculate:
Step A:First order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RA10bSimulation calculation
Piece number m according to first order auxiliary spring1, the thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is eachA1j, j=1,2 ... m1, and step (1) II step
R in rapid obtained by simulation calculationA10a, to first order auxiliary spring tailpiece lower surface initial curvature radius RA10bSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
Step B:First of second level auxiliary spring upper surface initial curvature radius RA20aSimulation calculation
According to the second level auxiliary spring half clamping length L of firstA21, the initial tangential camber H of second level auxiliary springgA20, to the second level
First upper table radius of curvature R of auxiliary springA20aSimulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
(3) the 1st time of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk1Simulation calculation:
According to the width b of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring, elastic modulus E;The half of first of main spring clamps span length's degree L1, it is main
The piece number n of spring, the thickness h of each of main springi, i=1,2 ..., n, the R that simulation calculation is obtained in the I steps of step (1)M0b, II steps
The R that simulation calculation is obtained in rapidA10a, contact load P is started to the 1st timek1Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
In formula, hMeIt is the equivalent thickness of main spring root lap,
(4) the 2nd time of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk2Simulation calculation:
According to the width b of high intensity two-stage leaf spring with gradually changing stiffness, elastic modulus E;The first half of main spring clamps span length's degree
L1;The piece number m of first order auxiliary spring1, the thickness h that first order auxiliary spring is eachA1j, j=1,2 ..., m1;Simulation calculation institute in step (2)
The R for obtainingA10bAnd RA20a, resulting P in step (3)k1And hMe, to the 2nd beginning Pk2Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
In formula, hMA1eIt is main spring and the equivalent thickness of the root lap of first order auxiliary spring,
(5) the 2nd full contact load p of high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf springw2Simulation calculation:
According to main spring and the compound clamping stiffness K of first order auxiliary springMA1, the total compound clamping stiffness K of major-minor springMA2, in step (4)
The P that simulation calculation is obtainedk2, to the 2nd full contact load pw2Simulation calculation is carried out, i.e.,
(6) simulation calculation of flexibility characteristics of the high intensity two-stage progressive rate leaf spring under different loads:
Clamping stiffness K according to main springM, the compound clamping stiffness K of main spring and first order auxiliary springMA1, the total compound clamping of major-minor spring
Stiffness KMA2, rated load PN, and the P that simulation calculation is obtained in step (3)~(5)k1、Pk2And Pw2, reciprocity gradual change offset frequency two-stage
Flexibility characteristics of the progressive rate leaf spring under different loads P carry out simulation calculation, i.e.,
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113343353A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Multi-leaf steel plate spring model generation system and method |
CN113343353B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-05-20 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Multi-leaf steel plate spring model generation system and method |
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