CN106708157B - A kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit and method - Google Patents
A kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106708157B CN106708157B CN201611244236.5A CN201611244236A CN106708157B CN 106708157 B CN106708157 B CN 106708157B CN 201611244236 A CN201611244236 A CN 201611244236A CN 106708157 B CN106708157 B CN 106708157B
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- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit and method, including DC high-voltage power supply, for providing biasing voltage signal for APD, pulse laser module, for exporting pulse laser, peak detection block, peak value for obtaining APD anode signals, control module input is connected with peak detection block, first output end is connected with DC high-voltage power supply, second output end is connected with light-pulse generator module, control module output first voltage control signal adjustment biasing voltage signal is successively the interval two-end-point of operating voltage, control module output make-and-break signal control light-pulse generator module emission or non-emission pulsed light, obtain the peak value of the APD anode signals in the case of the interval two-end-point of operating voltage and whether there is pulsed light, obtain signal to noise ratio of the APD in interval two end points of operating voltage, it is interval using the affiliated operating voltage subinterval of the high end points of signal to noise ratio as operating voltage, optimum operating voltage interval is obtained by repeatedly updating operating voltage interval.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to avalanche photodide (Avalanche Photodiode, APD) operating voltage, more specifically
, it is related to a kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit and method.
Background technology
APD has important application in national defense industry and scientific research field, for example, spectrometric instrument, Laser Distance Measuring Equipment and
In radar system, APD is its important optical element, is commonly used to measure faint optical signal.For faint optical signal measurement, noise
More particularly important than this index, the height of signal to noise ratio will directly affect the accuracy of measurement data.
Under different operating voltage and operational temperature conditions, APD parameter can change therewith.The reduction of APD operating temperatures
APD noise can be reduced, the rise of APD operating voltage can increase APD responsiveness and noise.Therefore, except APD to be made
Worked under lower temperature conditions, also to do a compromise between the two in noise and responsiveness, by choosing a suitable APD
Operating voltage improves APD signal to noise ratio.
But, current various brands APD technical manual only provides APD breakdown voltages this parameter, suitable without recommending
Operating voltage.When application APD carries out faint optical signal measurement, the selections of APD operating voltages can only by virtue of experience, without
Governed principle, this brings inconvenience to developer, and too low or too high operating voltage will reduce APD signal to noise ratio, influence
The accuracy of DATA REASONING.Therefore, a kind of method that can automatically select APD operating voltages is needed badly to solve this problem.
The content of the invention
For drawbacks described above, the invention provides a kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit, it is intended to solves APD work
Voltage can only be chosen by rule of thumb causes APD output signal-noise ratio low technical problems.
As an aspect of of the present present invention, the invention provides a kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit, including：
Light-pulse generator module, its control end receives make-and-break signal and is switched on or off pulsed light according to make-and-break signal；
DC high-voltage power supply, its control end receives and exports biasing voltage signal, biasing according to first voltage control signal
Voltage signal provides bias voltage for APD；
Peak detection block, for obtaining the APD anode signals under bias voltage, and extracts peak value output APD anode letters
Number peak value；
Control module, its input is connected with peak detection block, and the first output end connects with DC high-voltage power supply control end
Connect, the second output end is connected with light-pulse generator module control end；Adjustment first voltage control signal makes bias voltage be successively work
Make two endpoint values of voltage range, while adjusting make-and-break signal successively transmitting and not launching pulsed light, obtain in different biasings
Voltage and the peak value for whetheing there is the APD anode signals in the case of pulsed light；Operating voltage is obtained according to the peak value of APD anode signals
The signal to noise ratio of interval two end points, is divided into two operating voltage subintervals, the big end points of selection signal to noise ratio by operating voltage interval
Place operating voltage subinterval is interval as operating voltage, and optimum operating voltage area is obtained by repeatedly updating operating voltage interval
Between, the operating voltage updated first is interval according to the determination of APD breakdown voltages.
The APD operating voltage automatic dialing units that the present invention is provided, make-and-break signal is exported by light-pulse generator by control module
Module sends pulsed light, APD detection pulse signals, and exports first voltage control signal by control module, makes DC high-voltage
The biasing voltage signal of source output is the interval left end point voltage of operating voltage, and it is inclined that peak detection block is extracted in left end point voltage
The peak value of lower APD anode signals is put, anode signal now is pulse signal, and control module adjusts make-and-break signal by light-pulse generator
Module stops transmitting pulsed light, and APD input terminal voltages are still the interval left end point of operating voltage, peak detection block detection APD sun
The peak value of pole signal, now APD anode signals are noise signal, according to the peak value of the anode signal when APD is turned on ending
Signal to noise ratio of the APD in the interval left end point of operating voltage is obtained, similarly, signal to noise ratio of the APD in the interval right endpoint of operating voltage is obtained,
Operating voltage interval is divided into two operating voltage subintervals, operating voltage subinterval conduct where the big end points of selection signal to noise ratio
It is interval for next operating voltage, because APD signal to noise ratio and operating voltage are first to be incremented by the relation successively decreased afterwards, select signal to noise ratio
Operating voltage where higher operating voltage subinterval closer to APD signal-to-noise ratio peaks is interval, by repeatedly adjusting work
Voltage range obtains optimum operating voltage interval, and initial operating voltage interval can be determined according to APD breakdown voltages.
Further, in addition to signal amplification module, its output end is connected with peak detection block input, for will
APD anode signals are amplified, and export APD anode signals after amplification.
Further, in addition to temperature control modules, the temperature signal of the thermoelectric refrigerating module output according to built in APD is true
Determine the polarity of output temperature control electric current, the temperature control current of opposed polarity makes APD built-in thermoelectrics refrigeration module heat shape
State or refrigerating state switching.
The use of temperature control modules, which avoids variation of ambient temperature, influences the signal to noise ratio of APD anode signals so that according to
The optimum operating voltage that the signal to noise ratio of APD anode signals is selected is interval more accurate.
Further, temperature control modules include
Temperature-sensitive signal amplifier, its input is used to receive the temperature signal of the thermoelectric refrigerating module output built in APD, will
The difference of temperature signal and preset temperature signals is converted into difference voltage signal；
PID controller, its input is connected with temperature-sensitive signal amplifier output end, for comparing difference voltage signal
Example, integration and differential control, export second voltage control signal；
Bipolarity constant-current source, its input is connected with PID controller output end, for true according to second voltage control signal
Determine the polarity of temperature control current.
Further, light-pulse generator includes laser, laser power supply and DC relay；
Laser is used for emission pulse laser, and laser power supply is used to be provided as laser offer voltage；
DC relay, its one end is connected with laser, and its other end is connected with laser power supply, its control end and control
The output end of module second is connected, the connecting and disconnecting for controlling laser and laser power supply.
As another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of APD operating voltages automatic selecting method, including：
(1) signal to noise ratio of the APD under the interval left end point voltage of i-th operating voltage is obtained and interval in the i-th operating voltage
Signal to noise ratio under right endpoint voltage；
(2) judge whether the interval order i of operating voltage is equal to adjustment times N, if so, then i-th of operating voltage interval is
APD optimum operating voltage is interval, otherwise into step (3)；
(3) judge whether signal to noise ratio of the APD under the interval left end point voltage of i operating voltage is more than APD in the i-th work
Signal to noise ratio under the right endpoint voltage of voltage range；
If then the interval left end point of i+1 operating voltage is the interval left end point of i-th of operating voltage, i+1 work
It is the interval median of i-th of operating voltage to make the right endpoint of voltage range, and makes i=i+1, into step (1)；
Otherwise the interval left end point of i+1 operating voltage is the interval median of i-th of operating voltage, i+1 work
It is the interval right endpoint of i-th of operating voltage to make the right endpoint of voltage range, and makes i=i+1, into step (1)；
1≤i≤N, N are adjustment number of times, and the interval right endpoint of the 1st operating voltage is initial operating voltage, initialization
Voltage determines that adjustment number of times is set according to APD breakdown voltage and operating voltage precision according to APD breakdown voltages.
Because the rise of APD operating voltages can make APD responsiveness and noise dullness increase, when APD operating voltages are less than
During breakdown voltage, the rate of change of APD responsivenesses is far above the rate of change of noise, and when operating voltage asymptotic breakdown voltage
When, avalanche noise increased dramatically, therefore APD signal to noise ratio is as operating voltage increases the letter of monotone decreasing after first monotonic increase
Number, and when operating voltage is close to APD breakdown voltages, APD will obtain larger signal to noise ratio.Therefore, the high end of selection signal to noise ratio
The corresponding operating voltage subinterval of voltage is more nearly the peak value of APD signal to noise ratio, interval as next operating voltage, can
It is interval to obtain the high best effort of signal to noise ratio, and suitable work can be quickly found using dichotomy segmentation operating voltage interval
Make voltage range.
Further, according to formulaObtain adjustment times N；In formula, VbrFor APD breakdown voltages, e is for needed for
APD operating voltage precision.
By changing adjustment number of times, optimum operating voltage under any APD operating voltages precision can be obtained interval.
Further, the interval left end point of the 1st operating voltage is initial operating voltage half.
When APD operating voltages are less than initialization operating voltage half, APD responsiveness very little, therefore suitable APD
Operating voltage interval is necessarily included in the 1st voltage range.
By the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention, compared with prior art, following beneficial effect can be obtained：
1st, the APD operating voltage automatic dialing units that the present invention is provided, can help developer, especially be set without APD correlations
Meter experience person, is quickly found suitable APD operating voltages, is effectively improved the signal to noise ratio of APD output signals, to ensure
The precision of APD optical signals measurement.
2nd, the temperature control modules in the APD operating voltage automatic dialing units that the present invention is provided employ high-precision heat
Quick signal amplifier and analog PID control, fast response time, temperature control precision are high, and the module can make APD in 600ms
Temperature control precision reach ± 0.1 DEG C, the use of temperature control modules avoids variation of ambient temperature influence APD output signals
Signal to noise ratio.
3rd, the APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit that the present invention is provided is designed as a result of high modularization, with suitable
With property it is strong the characteristics of, be suitably applied all kinds of APD with thermoelectric refrigeration component, be conducive to popularization and application.
4th, the APD operating voltage automatic selecting methods that the present invention is provided, by obtaining APD at interval two ends of operating voltage
The signal to noise ratio of point, two operating voltage subintervals are separately won to obtain by operating voltage interval two, interval two by comparing operating voltage
The signal ratio of end points, it is interval using the operating voltage subregion where the big end points of signal to noise ratio as next operating voltage, due to
Believe that APD signal to noise ratio is first to be incremented by the variation tendency successively decreased afterwards when less than APD breakdown voltages, worked where the big end points of signal to noise ratio
Voltage subinterval is closer to the peak value of APD signal to noise ratio, and by constantly adjusting, operating voltage is interval, obtains optimal operation interval,
And optimum operating voltage subinterval can quickly be obtained using dichotomy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit proposed by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit proposed by the present invention；
Temperature control modules schematic diagram in the embodiment that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention.
Fig. 4 for the present invention in use temperature control modules after APD temperature variation curves.
The flow chart of the embodiment for the APD operating voltage automatic selecting methods that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein
Specific implementation example only to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The structure chart of APD operating voltage automatic dialing units that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention, including it is light-pulse generator module 7, straight
Flow high voltage power supply 3, peak detection block 5 and control module 2, the second output of the control end of light-pulse generator module 7 and control module 2
End connection, the make-and-break signal exported according to control module 2 is switched on or off pulsed light, and light-pulse generator module 7 is used to export pulse
Light is simultaneously acted on APD, and the control end of DC high-voltage power supply 3 is connected with the first output end of control module 2, according to control module 2
First voltage control signal output biasing voltage signal is exported, the output end of DC high-voltage power supply 3 is used to be connected with APD negative electrodes,
The input of peak detection block 5 is used to be connected with APD anodes, and the output end of peak detection block 5 connects with the input of control module 2
Connect, peak detection block 5 is used to obtain APD anode signals, extracts and export the peak value of APD anode signals.Control module 2 is adjusted
The bias voltage that first voltage control signal exports DC high-voltage power supply 3 is successively two interval end points of operating voltage, together
When adjustment make-and-break signal make pulse laser module opening pulsed light and shut-off pulsed light between switch, gather in different biasings
Voltage and the peak value for whetheing there is APD anode signals in the case of pulsed light, according to APD is in the interval left end point of operating voltage and receives pulse
The peak value and APD of anode signal peak value of anode signal in the case of the interval left end point acrotism of operating voltage is washed off are obtained in the case of light
The signal to noise ratio of the interval left end point of operating voltage is obtained, the signal to noise ratio of the interval right endpoint of operating voltage is similarly obtained, by operating voltage area
Between be divided into two operating voltage subintervals, operating voltage subinterval where the big end points of selection signal to noise ratio is as operating voltage area
Between, optimum operating voltage interval is obtained by repeatedly updating operating voltage interval, the operating voltage interval updated first is according to APD
Breakdown voltage determines that APD breakdown voltages are provided by APD technical manuals.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit proposed by the present invention, including control module
2, the output end of control module 2 first is connected with the control end of high-voltage direct current 3, the output end of control module 2 second and direct current relay
The control end of device 72 is connected, and the one end of DC relay 72 is connected with laser 73, and the other end is connected with laser power supply 71, laser
The pulsed light of 73 transmittings is acted on APD, and signal amplification module 4 is used to amplify APD anode signals and exports APD anodes after amplification
Signal, the input of peak detection block 5 is connected with the output end of signal amplification module 4, for obtaining APD anode signals after amplification
Peak value.The make-and-break signal of the receive and control module 2 of DC relay 72 output, when DC relay 72 is connected, laser 73 is opened
Open, APD anode signals are pulse signal, the amplification afterpulse signal that peak detection block 5 is measured；When DC relay 72 disconnects
When laser 73 close, APD anode signals be noise signal, peak detection block 5 measure amplification after noise signal.
DC high-voltage power supply 3 exports first voltage control signal by receive and control module 2, exports the biasing of different amplitudes
Voltage signal, by adjusting first voltage control signal, it is operating voltage to allow DC high-voltage power supply 3 to export biasing voltage signal value
Interval left end point, the make-and-break signal that control module 2 is exported is connected by DC relay 72, and laser 73 sends pulsed light, APD
Anode output pulse signal, the output amplification afterpulse signal after the amplification of signal amplification module 4, peak detection block 5 is detected
Amplify the peak value of afterpulse signal, the make-and-break signal exported by adjusting control module 2 disconnects by DC relay 72, laser
73 stop transmitting pulsed light, and APD anode output noise signals export noise after amplification after the amplification of signal amplification module 4 and believed
Number, the peak value of noise signal after the detection amplification of peak detection block 5, according to the peak value of noise signal after amplification and amplification afterpulse
The peak value of signal obtains signal to noise ratio of the APD in the interval left end point of operating voltage, similarly obtains APD in the interval right endpoint of operating voltage
Signal to noise ratio, while being two operating voltage subintervals, work where the big end points of selection signal to noise ratio by operating voltage interal separation
Make voltage subinterval interval as operating voltage, optimum operating voltage interval is obtained by repeatedly updating operating voltage interval.
The embodiment that the present invention is provided also includes temperature control modules 8, including temperature-sensitive signal amplifier 81, and input is used for
The temperature signal of the thermoelectric refrigerating module output built in APD is received, the other end receives the reference temperature letter of reference resistor output
Number, the output end of temperature-sensitive signal amplifier 81 is connected with the input of PID controller 82, and temperature-sensitive signal amplifier 81 is according to input temperature
Spend signal and reference temperature signal difference and export difference voltage signal, PID controller 82 according to difference voltage signal passing ratio,
Integration and differential control the second control voltage signal of output, PID controller output end 82 and the input of bipolarity constant-current source 83
Connection, bipolarity constant-current source 83 exports the temperature control current of opposed polarity, bipolarity constant-current source 83 according to the second control signal
The polarity of output temperature control electric current can control APD temperature-sensitives refrigeration module in refrigerating state or heat state switching, realize APD
Operating temperature it is constant.APD built-in thermoelectrics refrigeration module includes thermistor 12 and TEC elements 13, and thermistor 12 passes through sense
Answer APD temperature, output temperature signal, TEC elements in refrigerating state and can heat shape according to the polarity of its input electric current
State switches.The temperature signal for heating refrigeration module output built in APD is exported by thermistor 12, bipolar current source output
Opposed polarity temperature control current controls TEC elements to switch in the state that heats and refrigerating state.Due to APD noise in output signal
It can be influenceed by temperature and operating voltage, therefore APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit is only ensureing that APD operating temperatures are permanent
Could more preferably it be played a role in the case of fixed.
That APD is selected is the C30956EH-TC model APD of Excilitas companies in the embodiment that the present invention is provided, amplification
The chip of device is powered by ± 5V power supplys, it is preferable that ± 5V power supply output ripples amplitude is less than 10mV.
What laser 73 was selected is 980nm near infrared lasers, and laser power supply amplitude is+5V, and DC relay 72 is selected
Use 5V DC voltage relays.Control module 2 is control centre, for the consideration of cost performance, and control module 2 is that STC89C52 is mono-
Piece machine, control module 2 further provided with A/D interfaces (12 Bits Serial analog-digital converter TLC2543, input voltage 0-5V) and D/A connects
Mouth (8 voltage output type serial digital to analog converters DA101S101, output voltage 0-5V).What DC high-voltage power supply 3 was selected is moral
The DC high-voltage power supply 521a-5 (0-5V is inputted, program control 0-600V outputs) of HEICO companies of state, control module 2 passes through D/A interfaces
To control the output of DC high-voltage power supply (3), reverse bias voltage is provided for APD11.Signal amplification module 4 is by trans-impedance amplifier
OPA657, resistance and compensating electric capacity are constituted, and peak detection block 5 can recover chip OPA615, concrete application electricity using broadband
OPA657 and OPA615 chip technology handbooks are seen on road, and OPA657 and using cooperatively for OPA615 can be carried out to ns grades of pulse signal
Sampling and holding.
Temperature control modules schematic diagram in the embodiment that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention, in temperature control modules 8, temperature-sensitive letter
The reference voltage V j of number amplifier 81, PID controller 82 and bipolarity constant-current source 83 is 2.5V, straight using the form of electric resistance partial pressure
Connect from+5V power supplys and obtain.
Temperature-sensitive signal amplifier 81 is from the INA330 of TI companies, and the offset temperature of model temperature-sensitive signal amplifier 81 is as little as
0.009℃。
Temperature-sensitive signal amplifier 81 can be that thermistor Rt and reference resistor R provide exciting current Ie, according to temperature-sensitive electricity
Resistance device Rt terminal voltage and reference resistor R terminal voltages determine the difference voltage signal Vo of temperature-sensitive signal amplifier output, current potential
Device R resistances are selected according to thermistor Rt change in resistance scope, general, reference resistor resistance R >=Rtmax, RtmaxFor heat
The maximum of quick resistance excursion.
PID controller 82 is made up of operational amplifier OPA340 and precision resister, electric capacity, and PID controller 82 is received
Difference voltage Vo and reference voltage V j difference for input PID controller 82 error signal, according to error signal export second
Control voltage signal.Using PID controller, fast response time, temperature control precision are high.
Bipolarity constant-current source 83 is made up of power amplifier chip OPA569 and peripheral resistance, and bipolarity constant-current source 83 can
0-2A bidirectional current is provided, the electric current is enough to drive APD TEC elements 13, the second control voltage exported when PID controller
When signal is more than or equal to reference voltage V j, constant-current source output forward current, TEC elements 13 freeze；When the second control voltage signal
During less than reference voltage V j, constant-current source output reverse current, TEC elements 13 are heated.
Using the temperature control modules 8, the closed-loop control to APD temperature, APD temperature variation curves such as Fig. 4 institutes can be achieved
Show, the module can make temperature control error be less than ± 0.1 DEG C in 600ms.
The APD operating voltage automatic selecting methods that the present invention is provided, including：
(1) signal to noise ratio of the APD under the interval left end point voltage of i-th operating voltage is obtained and interval in the i-th operating voltage
Signal to noise ratio under right endpoint voltage；
(2) judge whether the interval order i of operating voltage is equal to adjustment times N, if so, then i-th of operating voltage interval is
APD optimum operating voltage is interval, otherwise into step (3)；
(3) judge whether signal to noise ratio of the APD under the interval left end point voltage of i-th of operating voltage is more than APD in the i-th work
Make the signal to noise ratio under the right endpoint voltage of voltage range；
If then the interval left end point of i+1 operating voltage is the interval left end point of i-th of operating voltage, i+1 work
It is the interval median of i-th of operating voltage to make the right endpoint of voltage range, and makes i=i+1, into step (1)；
Otherwise the interval left end point of i+1 operating voltage is the interval median of i-th of operating voltage, i+1 work
It is the interval right endpoint of i-th of operating voltage to make the right endpoint of voltage range, and makes i=i+1, into step (1)；
Wherein, 1≤i≤N, N are adjustment number of times.
The interval right endpoint of 1st operating voltage is initial operating voltage, and the 1st interval left end point of operating voltage is first
Beginning operating voltage half, initial operating voltage is determined according to APD breakdown voltages, when APD operating voltages work less than initialization
During voltage half, APD responsiveness very little, therefore suitable APD operating voltages interval is necessarily included in the 1st voltage range
It is interior.
Adjustment number of times is set according to APD breakdown voltage and operating voltage precision, when APD breakdown voltages are Vbr, it is required
When operating voltage precision is e, need to only N be set to meet condition.
The APD operating voltage automatic selecting methods that the present invention is provided, by obtaining APD in interval two end points of operating voltage
Signal to noise ratio, two operating voltage subintervals are separately won into obtain in operating voltage interval two, by comparing interval two ends of operating voltage
The signal ratio of point, it is interval using the operating voltage subregion where the big end points of signal to noise ratio as next operating voltage, due to letter
APD signal to noise ratio is first to be incremented by the variation tendency successively decreased afterwards when less than APD breakdown voltages, work electricity where the big end points of signal to noise ratio
Press subinterval closer to the peak value of APD signal to noise ratio, operating voltage is interval by constantly adjusting, and obtains optimal operation interval, and
Optimum operating voltage subinterval can quickly be obtained using dichotomy.
The flow chart of the embodiment for the APD operating voltage automatic selecting methods that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention, specific adjustment side
Method is as follows：
(1) adjustment times N is set, and the setting of adjustment times N needs the breakdown voltage according to selected APD and required work
Voltage accuracy is set, when APD breakdown voltages are Vbr, required operating voltage precision be e when, only N need to be made to meet condition
.
And determine initial operating voltage interval [V1, V0], initial operating voltage V0Than breakdown voltage VbrLow 1V, breakdown voltage
VbrThere is provided by APD technical manuals,
Because APD operating voltage is no more than its breakdown voltage Vbr, and APD operating voltages are less thanWhen, APD sound
Response very little, therefore suitable APD operating voltages are necessarily included in interval [V1, V0] in.
The biasing voltage signal of DC high-voltage power supply is adjusted, control module control laser break-make is calculated initially electric in APD
Press as V0Under conditions of output signal initial signal to noise ratio snr0It is V with APD first voltages1When output signal the first signal to noise ratio
SNR1；
(2) by initial operating voltage interval [V1, V0] it is divided into the first operating voltage subinterval [V1, V2] and the second work
Voltage subinterval [V2, V0], the first operating voltage subinterval right endpoint V2Initial operating voltage [V1, V0] interval midpoint, i.e.,
(3) relatively more initial signal to noise ratio snr0With the first signal to noise ratio snr1Size, if initial signal to noise ratio snr0It is larger, then really
Fixed second operating voltage interval is the second operating voltage subinterval [V2, V0], if the first signal to noise ratio snr1Than larger, it is determined that the
Two operating voltages interval is the first operating voltage subinterval [V1, V2]；
(4) if second operating voltage interval is [V2, V0], obtain APD is in second voltageWhen output letter
Number the second signal to noise ratio snr2；
It is [V by second operating voltage interval2, V0] it is divided into the 3rd operating voltage subinterval [V2, V3] and the 4th work
Voltage subinterval [V3, V0]；Third time operating voltage subinterval right endpoint is the interval intermediate value of second operating voltage
Compare the second signal to noise ratio snr2With initial signal to noise ratio snr0If, the second signal to noise ratio snr2More than initial signal to noise ratio snr0,
Then the 3rd operating voltage interval is the 3rd operating voltage subinterval [V2, V3], otherwise the 3rd operating voltage interval is the 4th work
Make voltage subinterval [V3, V0]；
If the second operating voltage interval is [V1, V2], the interval midpoint of the second operating voltage is selected by the second operating voltage area
Between be divided into two operating voltage subintervals, and the work according to belonging to the signal to noise ratio of interval two end points of the second operating voltage is big
Make voltage subinterval as the 3rd operating voltage interval；
(5) above regulation rule is repeated, the APD operating voltages interval of larger signal to noise ratio can be obtained by constantly reducing, until
Complete n times adjustment and determine suitable APD (11) operating voltage.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., it all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit, it is characterised in that including：
Light-pulse generator module (7), its control end receives make-and-break signal and is switched on or off pulsed light according to make-and-break signal；
DC high-voltage power supply (3), its control end receives and exports biasing voltage signal, biased electrical according to first voltage control signal
Pressure signal provides bias voltage for APD；
Peak detection block (5), for obtaining the APD anode signals under bias voltage, and extracts peak value output APD anode signals
Peak value；
Control module (2), its input is connected with peak detection block (5) output end, the first output end and DC high-voltage power supply
(3) control end is connected, and the second output end is connected with light-pulse generator module (7) control end；Adjustment first voltage control signal makes partially
It is successively two interval endpoint values of operating voltage to put voltage, light-pulse generator module is first launched pulse while adjusting make-and-break signal
Light, after do not launch pulsed light, obtain the peak value of the APD anode signals in the case of different bias voltages and whether there is pulsed light；
The signal to noise ratio of interval two end points of operating voltage is obtained according to the peak value of APD anode signals, operating voltage interval is divided into two
Operating voltage subinterval, operating voltage subinterval where the big end points of selection signal to noise ratio is interval as operating voltage, by multiple
Update operating voltage interval and obtain optimum operating voltage interval, the operating voltage updated first is interval true according to APD breakdown voltages
It is fixed.
2. APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including signal amplification module,
Its output end is connected with peak detection block (5) input, for APD anode signals to be amplified, and exports APD after amplification
Anode signal.
3. APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that also including temperature control mould
Block；
The temperature signal of thermoelectric refrigerating module output according to built in APD determines the polarity of output temperature control electric current, not homopolarity
Property temperature control current thermoelectric refrigerating module built in APD is switched in the state that heats or refrigerating state.
4. APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the temperature control modules bag
Include：
Temperature-sensitive signal amplifier, its input is used to receive the temperature signal of the thermoelectric refrigerating module output built in APD, by temperature
The difference of signal and preset temperature signals is converted into difference voltage signal；
PID controller, its input is connected with temperature-sensitive signal amplifier output end, for carrying out ratio to difference voltage signal,
Integration and differential control, export second voltage control signal；
Bipolarity constant-current source, its input is connected with PID controller output end, for determining temperature according to second voltage control signal
Spend the polarity of control electric current.
5. APD operating voltages automatic dialing unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that light-pulse generator include laser,
Laser power supply and DC relay；
Laser is used for emission pulse laser, and laser power supply is used to be provided as laser offer voltage；
DC relay, its one end is connected with laser, and its other end is connected with laser power supply, its control end and control module
Second output end is connected, the connecting and disconnecting for controlling laser and laser power supply.
6. a kind of APD operating voltages automatic selecting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) signal to noise ratio of the APD under the interval left end point voltage of i-th operating voltage is obtained and in the interval right-hand member of the i-th operating voltage
Signal to noise ratio under point voltage；
(2) judge whether the interval order i of operating voltage is equal to adjustment times N, if so, then i-th of operating voltage interval is APD's
Optimum operating voltage is interval, otherwise into step (3)；
(3) judge whether signal to noise ratio of the APD under the interval left end point voltage of i operating voltage is more than APD in the i-th operating voltage
Signal to noise ratio under interval right endpoint voltage；
If then the interval left end point of i+1 operating voltage is the interval left end point of i-th of operating voltage, i+1 work electricity
Right endpoint between nip is the interval median of i-th of operating voltage, and makes i=i+1, into step (1)；
Otherwise the interval left end point of i+1 operating voltage is the interval median of i-th of operating voltage, i+1 work electricity
Right endpoint between nip is the interval right endpoint of i-th of operating voltage, and makes i=i+1, into step (1)；
1≤i≤N, N are adjustment number of times, and the interval right endpoint of the 1st operating voltage is initial operating voltage, initial operating voltage
Determined according to APD breakdown voltages, adjustment number of times is set according to APD breakdown voltage and operating voltage precision.
7. APD operating voltages automatic selecting method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that according to formulaObtain
Obtain the adjustment times N；In formula, VbrFor APD breakdown voltages, e APD operating voltages precision for needed for.
8. APD operating voltage automatic selecting methods as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the 1st work electricity
Left end point between nip is initial operating voltage half.
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| CN1758037A (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2006-04-12 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | The extracting method of APD single-photon detector avalanche signal |
| US20110141457A1 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2011-06-16 | Afl Telecommunications Llc | Optical time-domain reflectometer |
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| CN104410378A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Gain stabilization control circuit for photoelectric detector system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1758037A (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2006-04-12 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | The extracting method of APD single-photon detector avalanche signal |
| US20110141457A1 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2011-06-16 | Afl Telecommunications Llc | Optical time-domain reflectometer |
| CN102299744A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2011-12-28 | 青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司 | Optical module with blaze protection function |
| CN103441698A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-11 | 东莞市力与源电器设备有限公司 | Method for controlling output waveform of positive and negative commutating pulse power supply |
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