CN106705928B - A kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning - Google Patents
A kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning Download PDFInfo
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- CN106705928B CN106705928B CN201710034942.5A CN201710034942A CN106705928B CN 106705928 B CN106705928 B CN 106705928B CN 201710034942 A CN201710034942 A CN 201710034942A CN 106705928 B CN106705928 B CN 106705928B
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- early warning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning, it is characterized in that, the following steps are included: S1, according to the actual parameter of large diameter shield tunnel, deformation is obtained using method for numerical simulation and calculates relational expression, and the maximum position of section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle is calculated, as the preferential installation site of obliquity sensor；Transversely deforming controlling value is arranged in S2；S3, mounted angle sensor and prior-warning device, the obliquity sensor and prior-warning device are connect with data processor respectively；S4 calculates the transversely deforming of tunnel horizontal diameter position according to obliquity sensor data；Transversely deforming is compared by S5, data processor with transversely deforming controlling value, if transversely deforming is greater than transversely deforming controlling value, prior-warning device carries out early warning.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as that detection effect is good, is able to achieve long term monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring early warning technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of large-diameter shield
Tunnel deformation monitoring and pre-alarming method.
Background technique
With the raising and people's the accelerating rhythm of life of China's Level of Urban Modernization, city traffic congestion phenomenon is
Increasingly cause all circles' concern.Since overpass seriously affects urban landscape, across river bridge spanning the sea influences shipping and former address water environment
Etc. drawbacks, large diameter shield tunnel increasingly by city traffic build favor.At the same time, established tunnel health is on active service
Problems faced but becomes increasingly conspicuous.It is also a kind of most typical tunnel structure disease that serious deformation, which is most common,.
The degree of automation of deformation monitoring determines the reaction speed of prealarming process, this is extremely heavy for method for early warning
It wants.Method currently used for large diameter shield tunnel transversely deforming monitoring such as restrains ruler, total station, Bassett collective system
And laser ranging etc., or it is unable to complete the automatic monitoring and acquisition of data, or vulnerable to the influence of vehicle and pedestrian in tunnel.When
The development trend of pre-structure health monitoring is that monitoring type is more, is distributed dispersion, and installation space is narrow etc., these are proposed for monitoring
Higher requirement.Wireless sensor network has the characteristics that flexible layout, structure are variable, vitality is stronger, has good answer
Use prospect.
Application publication number is that the Chinese patent of 103968800 A of CN discloses a kind of shield tunnel deformation wireless monitor system
System and method, measurement of this method based on lining segment inclination angle, the change using wireless sensor technology building network, to shield tunnel
Shape condition carries out large-scale real-time monitoring and makes early warning.Deficiency existing for this method is: 1, section of jurisdiction being assumed to rigid body base
On plinth, the relationship of change of pitch angle and diameter change is established, does not consider that the deformation bring of section of jurisdiction influences；2, sensor installation point
It determines the influence for not considering segment deformation, is not optimized.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of large-diameter shield tunnels
Road deformation monitoring method for early warning calculates large-diameter shield using sensor monitoring data by laying sensor in tunnel inner wall
Tunnel lateral direction deformation.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning, comprising the following steps:
S1 calculates section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle most using method for numerical simulation according to the actual parameter of large diameter shield tunnel
General goal, as the preferential installation site of obliquity sensor, if scene at this existing device obstruction be not easy to obliquity sensor installation,
It can install in the relatively large position of other change of pitch angle, it is only necessary to inclination angle and transversely deforming Relation Parameters at this are re-established,
Obliquity sensor installation site determines according to actual conditions establishes deformation and calculates relational expression, and the deformation calculates relational expression table
Levy the relationship between the change of pitch angle value and the transversely deforming of tunnel structure arbitrary point of obliquity sensor installation site；
The danger classes section of tunnel structure horizontal diameter position transversely deforming is arranged in S2；
S3, mounted angle sensor and prior-warning device, obliquity sensor and prior-warning device are connect with data processor respectively；
S4, data processor acquire obliquity sensor data in real time, calculate that relational expression calculates tunnel structure water using deformation
The transversely deforming of straight path position, the transversely deforming of horizontal diameter position are as follows: cross the horizontal diameter and tunnel intrados phase in the center of circle
The changing value of the point-to-point transmission of friendship；
S5, data processing will judge danger classes section locating for the position transversely deforming of tunnel structure horizontal diameter, and control
Prior-warning device processed carries out the early warning of corresponding grade.
The actual parameter of the large diameter shield tunnel include the geologic parameter of large diameter shield tunnel, buried depth parameter,
Material parameter and Joint Parameter.
In the method for numerical simulation of the step S1, tunnel structure is reduced to second order redundant bar structures (knot
Section of jurisdiction is equivalent to curved beam by structure, considers segment deformation on convergent influence；Containing two superfluous constraints, force method or displacement method can be passed through
Solve), duct piece connector is equivalent to elastic hinge, the moment of flexure of tunnel structure arbitrary point is acquired by force method, to section of jurisdiction moment of flexure single order
Integral obtains the deformation of section of jurisdiction itself, and the rotation for calculating joint elastic hinge obtains the Rigid Body in Rotation With of section of jurisdiction, to obtain tunnel knot
The change of pitch angle of structure arbitrary point is obtained tunnel structure and is appointed by the First-order Integral of section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle and the Rigid Body in Rotation With of section of jurisdiction
The transversely deforming of meaning point.For shield tunnel, tunnel lateral direction deformation is mainly caused by segment deformation and connector rotation.
In the step S4, reckoning formula is deformed are as follows:
Δ D=kθ·Δθ+bθ
In formula, Δ D is transversely deforming, kθ、bθIt for fitting parameter, is obtained by numerical simulation, Δ θ is obliquity sensor installation
The change of pitch angle value of position.
The danger classes section includes normal interval, early warning section and alarm section, the tunnel structure in three sections
Transversely deforming numerical value in horizontal diameter position changes from small to big.
The mode of the early warning or alarm includes acousto-optic, vibration and remote signal.
Calculate that large diameter shield tunnel transversely deforming, realization deform tunnel lateral direction long-term using sensor monitoring data
Automatic detection.It positions and alarms in time when structure large deformation phenomenon occurs, so that tunnel management personnel have found in first time
With improvement tunnel deformation disease, minimize loss caused by disease, it additionally can be with long term monitoring existing structure health
Structure risk is estimated in the development of state, to help tunnel management personnel to observe the structural behaviour evolving trend in tunnel.And this hair
It is bright to will not influence tunnel clearance on cross section, when vehicle is run using wireless sensor network as data transfer mode
It can also detect as usual.In the longitudinal direction, a large amount of transmission cables can be saved, effectively control cost.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
(1) in practical projects, tunnel structure stress deformation is generally very small, it is more difficult to monitor, section of jurisdiction inclination angle is become
Change maximum position as the preferential installation site of sensor, is conducive to improve tunnel deformation monitoring effect.
(2) tunnel is equivalent to second order redundant bar structures, it is contemplated that segment deformation is to tunnel structure transversely deforming
It influences, improves the accuracy to tunnel structure safety evaluation and early warning.
(3) transversely deforming is calculated indirectly using inclination angle, on tunnel operation without influence, clear principle, structure is simple.
(4) sensor is used, human assistance is not necessarily to, the long-term automatic monitoring in tunnel can be realized, improves tunnel operation pipe
Manage efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present embodiment large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring early warning system；
Fig. 2 is the present embodiment early warning system sensor scheme of installation；
Fig. 3 is the convergence threshold calculating process figure of the present embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the sensor mounting location calculating process figure of the present embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the transversely deforming prediction equation fit procedure figure of the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the present embodiment method flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
Embodiment
FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 shows the one of a kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning of the present invention and system application
A embodiment, wherein Fig. 1 is early warning system structural schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 is sensor scheme of installation, and Fig. 3 is convergence threshold calculating
Procedure chart, Fig. 4 are sensor mounting location calculating process figure, and Fig. 5 is transversely deforming prediction equation fit procedure figure.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning and system, including input module 1, it calculates
Module 2, transversely deforming controlling value setup module 3 and monitoring and warning module 4.
Input module 1 be system importation, input information include buried depth of strata, soil parameter, material properties parameter,
Segment conformation form, structure structural form, joint stiffness coefficient.For calculating parameter relevant to monitoring and warning after input.
Computing module 2 calculates the installation site and deformation prediction equation of sensor.Tunnel structure is reduced to by computing module 2
Redundant bar structures consider duct piece connector in the form of elasticity hinge, the moment of tunnel structure arbitrary point are acquired by force method；
The deformation that section of jurisdiction itself is considered by the First-order Integral to section of jurisdiction moment of flexure, the rotation by calculating joint elastic hinge consider section of jurisdiction
Rigid Body in Rotation With obtains the change of pitch angle amount of tunnel structure arbitrary point；By the Rigid Body in Rotation With of First-order Integral and section of jurisdiction to inclination angle,
Obtain the lateral displacement amount of tunnel structure arbitrary point.
Transversely deforming controlling value setup module 3 is used to set the threshold value of monitoring and early warning system.Set threshold value storage
It in ROM, calculates that resulting deformation result is compared with sensor, issues corresponding instruction control warning module and data are deposited
Store up module.Transversely deforming controlling value setup module can be used for the setting and change of threshold value.
The present embodiment chooses the governing factor of concrete stress, bolt stress and seam opening as tunnel risk class,
Using fuzzy overall evaluation and mainly consider the operation security of shield tunnel, it is believed that concrete factor, bolt factor and seam
Opening amount has same influence to the safety of tunnel structure, therefore uses identical weight, i.e. A=[1/3,1/3,1/3].
The risk level threshold of concrete factor takes its design strength 23.1MPa and normal intensity in the present embodiment
32.4MPa；The risk level threshold of bolt factor takes its design strength 240Mpa and yield strength 400MPa, and seam opens factor
Risk level threshold be taken as 4mm and 6mm.
The rule of development of certain tunnel structure to the relationship between three risk class degrees of membership with lateral convergent deformation is established,
As shown in Figure 3.
To Fig. 3 analysis as it can be seen that as tunnel structure transverse direction convergent deformation < 100mm, person in servitude of the tunnel structure to risk class three
Category degree is larger, it is believed that tunnel structure is safe；It is right as tunnel structure transverse direction convergent deformation>100mm and<142mm
The degree of membership of risk class two and risk class three is larger, it is believed that tunnel structure deviates safe condition gradually；Work as tunnel knot
Structure transverse direction convergent deformation>142mm and when<240mm, tunnel structure increases sharply to the degree of membership of risk class one, it is believed that tunnel
A possibility that structure generation disease, is also gradually increased；As tunnel structure transverse direction convergent deformation > 240mm, to risk class one
Degree of membership is relatively stable, and has been in 85% or more, thinks that tunnel structure risk is larger at this time.
Monitoring and warning module 4 according to measured value compared with default risk level threshold, judge wind locating for engineering structure
Dangerous grade changes to automated intelligent the pre-warning signal of warning module.The alarm mode of warning module is coloured light, vibration and buzzing.
It is illustrated in figure 2 sensor scheme of installation, wherein 5 be large diameter shield tunnel structure, 6 be deformation monitoring and pre-
Alarm device.Deformation monitoring and prior-warning device 6 are arranged on large diameter shield tunnel inner structural wall, carry out the deformation prison of shield tunnel
Survey and early warning.Number is arrived for storage in time after wouldn't disposing and need the deformation of long term monitoring, management control unit to receive data
According in library, and long term monitoring curve is drawn out by inspection software, is referred to for tunnel management personnel.
It is illustrated in figure 4 computing module 2 and calculates resulting sensor mounting location.Under analytic derivation method, with lining tube
For the left side semi-ring of piece, lining cutting corner is positive with rotating counterclockwise, and is rotated clockwise and is negative.It is corresponding to it, duct piece connector is then
It is opened and is positive with outside, inside, which is opened, to be negative.Joint location: with vault center for 0 °, counterclockwise increase, then connector is distinguished
Positioned at 22.5 °, 67.5 °, 112.5 °, 157.5 °.Top contact refers to connector at 22.5 °；There are two lumbar joints, is located at 67.5 °,
112.5°；Bottom fitting is located at 157.5 °.From the figure, it can be seen that from tunnel vault position to waist in 63 ° of position ranges, pipe
Piece rotates clockwise, and in from 63 ° of positions of waist to arch bottom position range, section of jurisdiction is rotated counterclockwise.The maximum of section of jurisdiction
Corner clockwise is 0.35 °, and maximum corner counterclockwise is 0.84 °.
As shown in Figure 4 under method for numerical simulation, by taking the semi-ring of the lining segment left side as an example, from the figure, it can be seen that from tunnel
In road vault to 90 ° of position ranges of waist, section of jurisdiction is rotated clockwise, within the scope of from 90 ° of positions of waist to arch bottom, section of jurisdiction hair
Life rotates counterclockwise.Corner is 0.58 ° to the maximum of section of jurisdiction clockwise, and maximum corner counterclockwise is 0.75 °.At joint location,
The corner of section of jurisdiction mutates: opening on the inside of the connector of top and bottom, section of jurisdiction corner clockwise is caused to increase；Two connectors of waist
Outside is opened, and section of jurisdiction corner counterclockwise is caused to increase.
Inside, which is opened, to be referred to: connector meets native surface side closure, and free face side is opened.Outside, which is opened, to be referred to: connector is met native surface side and is opened,
Free face side closure.
In practical projects, tunnel structure stress deformation is generally very small, it is more difficult to monitor.Therefore it is laid in sensor
During should select the biggish position of change of pitch angle amount, can improve to a certain extent tunnel deformation monitoring effect, because
Monitoring point is selected as central angle φ=35 ° position by this.
If Fig. 5 is that computing module 2 calculates resulting deformation prediction equation, the inclination angle of φ=35 ° position is obtained by fitting
Linear relationship between variable quantity and tunnel lateral direction convergent deformation is Δ D=-43.411 × Δ θ+3.109, which can be used for
Among sensor monitoring data to the reckoning of transversely deforming.
Only as described above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, professional who are familiar with this art such as, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention.After understanding technological means of the invention, natural energy according to actual needs,
Changed under the teachings of the present invention.Therefore all according to variation and modification on an equal basis made by scope of the present invention patent, it once should be still
It remains within the scope of the patent.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning, which comprises the following steps:
S1 calculates section of jurisdiction change of pitch angle maximum using method for numerical simulation according to the actual parameter of large diameter shield tunnel,
As the preferential installation site of obliquity sensor, obliquity sensor installation site, establishes deformation and calculates determines according to actual conditions
Relational expression, the deformation calculate change of pitch angle value and the tunnel structure arbitrary point of relational expression characterization obliquity sensor installation site
Relationship between transversely deforming, the actual parameter of the large diameter shield tunnel include the geology ginseng of large diameter shield tunnel
In the method for numerical simulation, it is super quiet to be reduced to second order by number, buried depth parameter, material parameter and Joint Parameter for tunnel structure
Duct piece connector is equivalent to elastic hinge by fixed pole architecture；
The danger classes section of tunnel structure horizontal diameter position transversely deforming is arranged in S2；
S3, mounted angle sensor and prior-warning device, obliquity sensor and prior-warning device are connect with data processor respectively；
S4, data processor acquire obliquity sensor data in real time, calculate that relational expression calculates that tunnel structure is horizontal straight using deformation
The transversely deforming of path position deforms reckoning formula are as follows:
Δ D=kθ·Δθ+bθ
In formula, Δ D is transversely deforming, kθ、bθIt for fitting parameter, is obtained by numerical simulation, Δ θ is obliquity sensor installation site
Change of pitch angle value；
S5, data processing will judge danger classes section locating for the position transversely deforming of tunnel structure horizontal diameter, and control pre-
The early warning or alarm of alarm device progress corresponding grade.
2. a kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Danger classes section includes normal interval, early warning section and alarm section, and the tunnel structure horizontal diameter position in three sections is horizontal
Change from small to big to deformation numerical value.
3. a kind of large diameter shield tunnel deformation monitoring method for early warning according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The mode of early warning or alarm includes acousto-optic, vibration and remote signal.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107420105B (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2018-12-18 | 大连理工大学 | The vibration of full face rock tunnel boring machine key position and strain monitoring method |
| CN107965351B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-06-28 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | The automatic monitoring system and method for shield tunnel circumferential weld deformation |
| CN111102011A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-05 | 天津大学 | Shield tunnel segment settlement monitoring and alarming system and monitoring and alarming method |
| CN115853541B (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-07-04 | 中建材科创新技术研究院(山东)有限公司 | Small-deformation self-diagnosis shield segment integrated manufacturing system and method |
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| RU2330238C2 (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2008-07-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Иркутский государственный университет путей сообщения (ИрГУПС) | Device and method for monitoring technical condition of tunnels |
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