CN106704834A - Device and method for infrasonic monitoring and pipe leakage positioning - Google Patents
Device and method for infrasonic monitoring and pipe leakage positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN106704834A CN106704834A CN201611231326.0A CN201611231326A CN106704834A CN 106704834 A CN106704834 A CN 106704834A CN 201611231326 A CN201611231326 A CN 201611231326A CN 106704834 A CN106704834 A CN 106704834A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic online monitoring and positioning system and a method for leakage of fluids in pipes. The system comprises one set of main station systems and two or more sets of sub station systems, wherein each set of sub station systems include high-precision infrasonic sensors, valves, external power supplies and digital instruments. The method is combined with such algorithms as Kalman filtering, wavelet transform, gradient operator and region segmentation and a sequential probability ratio test method, and is combined with weak signals provided by the high-precision infrasonic sensors for multiple times of cross-correlation calculations so as to greatly improve the warning accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of utilization infrasound auto monitoring and measurement and the apparatus and method of locating leaks in pipes, the present invention
Belong to fluid conveying pressure Oil pipeline leak detection technical field.
Technical background
The core of conduit running management is " safety and economy ".In recent years, because calamitous caused by gas oil pipe leakage
Frequent Accidents, the safe operation and maintenance of pipeline receive threat and challenge.Pipe safety is set up using advanced scientific method
Pre-alarm system, real-time monitoring is carried out by effective technological means to pipe leakage accident, accurately sends leakage alarm simultaneously fast
Speed positioning, corresponding emergency preplan is started in order to production unit, to realize above-mentioned functions, to be continued to monitor by technological means
The change of pipeline data, and leakage feature is accurately and rapidly recognized and extracted, and quickly positioning and accurate positioning, to tool
There is the technical need of above-mentioned functions urgent.
Current existing line leakage technology mainly has：Pressure spot analytic approach, negative pressure wave method, difference in flow monitoring method,
Fiber optic cable monitor method etc., by the above-mentioned technology rate of false alarm of practical proof is high, positioning precision is poor, reference significance is limited.At present, based on secondary
Preliminary Applications are in line leakage for the monitoring technology of sound wave, and the principle of the method is as follows：When pipeline is leaked,
Infrasound signal can be produced inside pipeline, by energy density values, energy density ratio, the sound wave of monitoring the infrasound signal
The parameters such as signal amplitude, and parameter when not revealed with pipeline is compared, and is preset when the parameter for monitoring signal exceedes
Threshold value when, you can to judge that pipeline is leaked.But, in actual applications, due to factors such as this bulk noises in pipeline
Influence, can produce sporadic infrasound signal parameter to exceed threshold phenomenon, meanwhile, existing monitoring technology is directly to time-domain signal
Processed and recognized, therefore easily caused wrong report.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art, the big shortcoming of wrong report probability, a kind of auto monitoring and measurement of present invention offer and targeted duct are let out
The device of leakage；
Specifically include：A set of main station system and two sets or more than two sets of substation system；Wherein, substation system bag is often covered
High accuracy infrasonic sensor 1 is included, valve 2, external power source 3, digitizer 4, main station system includes a calculation server 5；
Main station system be used for collect and process substation system be passed back data and signal, outwards issue alarm signal with
And send instruction to substation；
In each substation, high accuracy infrasonic sensor is used to monitor the infrasound signal produced in pipeline, and common is secondary
Sonic sensor can only capture the sound wave of below 100Hz, and below 20Hz infrasound, between 100Hz-1000Hz
Acoustic response sensitivity is not enough, so that can only monitor each acoustic signals when pipeline is leaked, and cannot monitor
Lasting intermediate-freuqncy signal in leakage process, and high accuracy infrasonic sensor has sensitivity very high between 0-1000Hz, can
To monitor lasting leakage signal, infrasonic sensor is by the signal transmission to digitizer；Valve is located at high accuracy infrasound
Between sensor and pipeline, during normal work, valve is opened, and both connect；During maintenance, valve closing can be monitored or more
Change high accuracy infrasonic sensor；Digitizer is used to receive the monitoring signals of high accuracy infrasonic sensor transmission, and should
After signal addition is by the time of global positioning system (GPS) offer and location tags, by wired or wireless transmission method, will
Signal transmission receives the instruction of main website transmitting simultaneously to main website；External power source is used to be powered to substation.
A kind of method that a further object of the present invention is to provide auto monitoring and measurement and locating leaks in pipes, the method is specific
Step is as follows：
1., positioned at the monitoring sub-station of pipeline diverse location, the infrasound signal that will be produced in pipeline passes to main website in real time；
2. the data that substation is transmitted are carried out Kalman filtering treatment by main website analysis system in real time, are pressed down by adaptive noise
Function processed, reduces influence of the condition background noise to leak judgement；
3. the data after Kalman filtering is processed carry out wavelet transformation calculating, obtain time-frequency area image；
Specific method is as follows：To one-dimensional data x (t) after Kalman filtering treatment in given flexible yardstick a (a ＞ 0) and
Continuous wavelet transform is carried out under conditions of translation yardstick b, wherein, t is the time, and its calculating process formulae express is：
I.e.：Primary signal is carried out into convolution with the wavelet function after stretching and translating and obtains two-dimentional audiovideo picture, stretched
The general values of yardstick a are 0.5~fs, wherein fsIt is signal sampling frequencies, b is the integral multiple of signal sampling period.
4. the energy density values E of different zones is extracted using gradient operator and Region Segmentation Algorithm from time-frequency area imagei,
And with the actual operating mode demarcated in the state of the No leakage under energy density values E0Contrasted, if Ei>E0, can be just
Step assumes that pipeline is revealed；
5., according to sequential probability ratio test method, by multiple cross-correlation calculation, judge whether the leakage signal truly may be used
Lean on；
Wherein, the starting of temporal sequence S1, S1 is chosen in the data that first substation for receiving leakage signal returns
Time point should select the time of doubtful leakage in step 4, S1 length Ts1Should not be too short or oversize, it is oversize to increase cross-correlation calculation
It is time, too short that cross-correlation calculation result can be caused inaccurate, 10 seconds length is typically chosen, the signal of temporal sequence S1 is x (t),
Time series S2 long is chosen in the data that second substation for receiving leakage signal returns, the start time point of S2 should select step
The time of doubtful leakage in rapid 4, sequence length Ts2Should meet repeatedly carries out cross-correlation needs, generally the 5 of sequence S1 length times,
It is oversize to increase the computing cross-correlation time, it is too short to be not enough to carry out multiple cross-correlation calculation, its signal be y (t), by sequence S1 with
Sequence S2 is computing cross-correlation Rxy(τ), specific formula for calculation is as follows：
Wherein, t is the time, and the span of t is 0-T, and τ is time offset, Rxy(τ) is in τ=τdPosition takes maximum,
Then the time difference between signal x (t) and y (t) is τd。
Sequence S1 is Δ τ with sequence S2 computing cross-correlations result1。
The detailed process of sequential probability ratio test method is as follows：
The length of the fixed time intervals Δ T after temporal sequence S1, Δ T can arbitrarily be chosen in principle, but should ensure that (Δ
T+Ts1)·n≤Ts2, the value of general Δ T is 5 seconds, and wherein n is cross-correlation calculation number of times, chooses the choosing of temporal sequence S12, S12
The same S1 of principle is taken, computing cross-correlation is done to temporal sequence S12 and time series S2 long, the time difference Δ τ of two sequences can be obtained2,
Calculate Δ τ1With Δ τ2Variance D1If, a ＜ D1＜ b, fixed time intervals Δ T chooses temporal sequence after temporal sequence S12
S13, computing cross-correlation is done to temporal sequence S13 and time series S2 long, can obtain the time difference Δ τ of two sequences3, calculate Δ τ1、
Δτ2With Δ τ3Variance D2；If a<D2<B, repeats said process, until during i ＆ lt, Di>=b, assert that leakage signal is invalid；Or
Person, Di≤ a, assert leakage signal effectively, now the time difference
6. leakage alarms and leak position are issued；
When assert that leakage signal is effective, leakage alarms are externally issued immediately, wherein the computational methods of leakage position are as follows：
Two sub- distance between sites of leakage signal are initially received for L, the time difference of leakage signal is receivedUltrasonic wave is V along the speed of fluids within pipes transmission directionUpstream, ultrasonic wave is against fluids within pipes transmission
The speed in direction is VDownstream, then the position s of the location of leak of leakage signal calculates by following formula.
The explanation of the technical words and algorithm that are related in the method that the present invention is provided is as follows：
Kalman filtering (Kalman filtering)：One kind utilizes linear system state equation, is input into by system defeated
Go out to observe data, the algorithm of optimal estimation is carried out to system mode.
Region Segmentation Algorithm based on gradient operator：Similar quality according to pixel in the image that wavelet transformation is obtained is gathered
Collection, since prime area, by it is adjacent with the pixel of same property or other regions be integrated into current region so as to
Progressively growth region, until without can be with the point of merger or other zonules.The similarity measurement of pixel includes in region
The energy value of the voice signal representated by pixel.
Adaptive noise suppresses to be to be analyzed, area voice signal (by sampling, the data signal for quantifying, encoding)
Divide wherein noise and leakage signal composition, noise is suppressed as needed, strengthen leakage signal to improve letting out under noisy environment
Leakage signal definition.
Advantages of the present invention and effect：
The device provided using the present invention, but faint accurately infrasound signal can be gathered；By to comprising faint
But accurate infrasound signal carries out multiple cross-correlation calculation, the accuracy of enhancing leak judgement while improving positioning precision.
Meanwhile, the adaptive noise of the system suppresses function, it is possible to increase signal to noise ratio, reduces shadow of the condition background noise to leak judgement
Ring, its system is reached real fully automatic operation.
Brief description of the drawings
The apparatus structure schematic diagram that Fig. 1 present invention is provided.
Fig. 2 infrasounds signal is by the signal pattern after Kalman filtering.
Data after the treatment of Fig. 3 Kalman filterings carry out wavelet transformation and are calculated time-frequency area image.
Temporal sequence S1 is chosen in Fig. 4 a time-frequency area images
Time series S2 long is chosen in Fig. 4 b time-frequency area images
Fig. 5 fixed time intervals Δ T after temporal sequence S1, choose temporal sequence S12.
Specific embodiment：
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provides the device of a kind of auto monitoring and measurement and locating leaks in pipes, a set of master is specifically included
System of standing and two sets or more than two sets of substation system；Wherein often set substation system includes high accuracy infrasonic sensor, valve
Door, external power source, digitizer；
Wherein, main station system is used to collecting and processing the signal of substation system be passed back, outwards issue alarm signal with
And send instruction to substation；
In each substation, high accuracy infrasonic sensor is used to monitor the infrasound signal produced in pipeline, and this is believed
Number pass to digitizer；Valve is located between high accuracy infrasonic sensor and pipeline, and during normal work, valve is opened, and two
Person connects；During maintenance, high accuracy infrasonic sensor can be monitored or changed to valve closing；Digitizer is used to receive height
Precision infrasonic sensor transmission monitoring signals, and by the signal addition by global positioning system (GPS) provide time and
After location tags, by wired or wireless transmission method, by signal transmission to main website, and the items of main website transmitting are received simultaneously
Instruction；External power source is used to be powered to substation.
A kind of auto monitoring and measurement and the method for locating leaks in pipes that the present invention is provided are as follows：
1st, positioned at the monitoring sub-station of pipeline diverse location, the infrasound signal that will be produced in pipeline passes to main website in real time；
2nd, the data that substation is transmitted are carried out Kalman filtering treatment by main website analysis system in real time, are believed as shown in Figure 2
Number, function is suppressed by adaptive noise, signal to noise ratio is improved, reduce influence of the condition background noise to leak judgement；
3rd, the data after Kalman filtering is processed carry out wavelet transformation and are calculated time-frequency area image, as shown in Figure 3；
4th, the energy density of different zones is extracted from time-frequency area image (Fig. 3) using gradient operator and Region Segmentation Algorithm
Value Ei, and with the actual operating mode demarcated in the state of the No leakage under energy density values E0Contrasted, if Ei>E0,
Can tentatively assume that pipeline is revealed；
5th, according to sequential probability ratio test method, by multiple cross-correlation calculation, judge whether the leakage signal truly may be used
Lean on；
Wherein, as shown in fig. 4 a, temporal sequence is chosen in the data that first substation for receiving leakage signal returns
S1, its signal is x (t), chooses sequential long in the data that second substation for receiving leakage signal returns as shown in Figure 4 b
Row S2, its signal is y (t), and sequence S1 and sequence S2 are done into computing cross-correlation Rxy(τ), operation result is Δ τ1, it is specific to calculate public
Formula is as follows：
Rxy(τ) takes maximum in τ=Δ τ positions, then the time difference between signal x (t) and y (t) is Δ τ.
The detailed process of sequential probability ratio test method is as follows：
As shown in figure 5, after temporal sequence S1 fixed time intervals Δ T, choose temporal sequence S12, to temporal sequence S12
Computing cross-correlation is done with time series S2 long, the time difference Δ τ of two sequences can be obtained2, calculate Δ τ1With Δ τ2Variance D1If, a
<D1<B, fixed time intervals Δ T chooses temporal sequence S13 after temporal sequence S12, to temporal sequence S13 and time series S2 long
Computing cross-correlation is done, the time difference Δ τ of two sequences can be obtained3, calculate Δ τ1、Δτ2With Δ τ3Variance D2；If a<D2<B, weight
Multiple said process, until during i ＆ lt, Di>=b, assert that leakage signal is invalid；Or, Di≤ a, assert leakage signal effectively, this
When, the time difference is
6. leakage alarms and leak position are issued；
When assert that leakage signal is effective, leakage alarms are externally issued immediately, wherein the computational methods of leakage position are as follows：
Two sub- distance between sites of leakage signal are initially received for L, the time difference of leakage signal is receivedUltrasonic wave is V along the speed of fluids within pipes transmission directionUpstream, ultrasonic wave is against fluids within pipes transmission
The speed in direction is VDownstream, then the position s of the location of leak of leakage signal calculates by following formula.
In the device that the present invention is provided, as shown in Figure 2, high accuracy infrasonic sensor can monitor 14:00:50-
14:01:The small-signal of 10 parts, and in the device that prior art is provided, this part signal cannot be monitored；The present invention
The method of offer, is based on the part small-signal, and multiple cross-correlation calculation is carried out to it, improves the accuracy of alarm, has
Effect reduces rate of false alarm.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of to monitor the system that fluids within pipes are leaked and positioned, including a set of main station system and two sets or more than two sets
Substation system；Wherein, often set substation system includes high accuracy infrasonic sensor, valve, external power source, digitizer；It is special
Levy and be, high accuracy infrasonic sensor used is very high in low frequency sensitivity, the sensitivity of intermediate frequency is also very high, so that can supervise
Measure faint leakage ripple in pipeline.
2. as described in claim 1, high accuracy infrasonic sensor is used to monitor the infrasound signal produced in pipeline, and should
Signal transmission is to digitizer；Valve is located between high accuracy infrasonic sensor and pipeline；Digitizer is used to receive high-precision
The monitoring signals of degree infrasonic sensor transmission, and the time by global positioning system offer and location tags by signal addition
Afterwards, by wired or wireless transmission method, by signal transmission to main website, and the instruction of main website transmitting is received simultaneously；External electrical
Source is used to be powered to substation.
3. a kind of to monitor the method that fluids within pipes are leaked and positioned, its step is as follows：
(1) positioned at the monitoring sub-station of pipeline diverse location, the infrasound signal that will be produced in pipeline passes to main website in real time；
(2) data that substation is transmitted are carried out Kalman filtering treatment by main website analysis system in real time, are suppressed by adaptive noise
Function, improves signal to noise ratio；
(3) data after Kalman filtering is processed carry out wavelet transformation calculating, obtain time-frequency area image；
(4) the energy density values E of different zones is extracted from time-frequency area image using gradient operator and Region Segmentation Algorithmi, and with
Energy density values E under the actual operating mode demarcated in the state of No leakage0Contrasted, if Ei>E0, can be tentatively false
Reveal in fixed tube road；
(5) according to sequential probability ratio test method, by multiple cross-correlation calculation, judge whether the leakage signal is true and reliable；
(6) leakage alarms and leak position are issued.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611231326.0A CN106704834A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Device and method for infrasonic monitoring and pipe leakage positioning |
| CN201711318654.9A CN108050396B (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-12 | A kind of fluid line source of leaks monitoring and positioning system and method |
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| CN201611231326.0A CN106704834A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Device and method for infrasonic monitoring and pipe leakage positioning |
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| CN201611231326.0A Pending CN106704834A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Device and method for infrasonic monitoring and pipe leakage positioning |
| CN201711318654.9A Active CN108050396B (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-12 | A kind of fluid line source of leaks monitoring and positioning system and method |
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| CN107448779A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-08 | 内蒙古大学 | Pipe leakage signal monitoring system and method based on wireless sensor network |
| CN108506742A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-09-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of adaptive useful signal judgement fluid line leakage locating method |
| CN108802825A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-13 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of monitored by infrasonic wave coal rock dynamic disaster localization method and positioning system |
| CN109340582A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-15 | 深圳市欧佩亚海洋工程有限公司 | A kind of submarine pipeline leakage monitoring method and system |
| CN110469782A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-19 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of pipe leakage positioning device based on sef-adapting filter |
| CN112594559A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-02 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Submarine oil pipeline leakage monitoring system and method |
| CN113639209A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Intermittent oil pipeline detection system and method |
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| CN101255950A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-09-03 | 北京华银广誉石油科技有限公司 | Intelligent warning system for computation and pipe monitoring of oil transportation collection and transmission system |
| CN201991524U (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-09-28 | 煤炭科学研究总院重庆研究院 | Intelligent control system for safe gathering and transportation of coalbed gas in coal mine area |
| CN103032626B (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-03-18 | 济南大学 | System and method for diagnosing fault of adjusting valve |
| CN203502809U (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-03-26 | 李庆彪 | Online automatic odor monitoring system |
| CN103672410A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-03-26 | 江苏海创电气科技有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring and early warning system for pipeline safety |
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| CN107448779A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-12-08 | 内蒙古大学 | Pipe leakage signal monitoring system and method based on wireless sensor network |
| CN108506742A (en) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-09-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of adaptive useful signal judgement fluid line leakage locating method |
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| CN112594559A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-02 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Submarine oil pipeline leakage monitoring system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108050396A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
| CN108050396B (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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