CN106701315B - Rice bran oil decoloring method based on attapulgite - Google Patents
Rice bran oil decoloring method based on attapulgite Download PDFInfo
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- CN106701315B CN106701315B CN201611265665.0A CN201611265665A CN106701315B CN 106701315 B CN106701315 B CN 106701315B CN 201611265665 A CN201611265665 A CN 201611265665A CN 106701315 B CN106701315 B CN 106701315B
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- rice bran
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
- A23D9/04—Working-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice bran oil decoloring method based on attapulgite, and belongs to the field of combination of inorganic material technology and food processing technology. The method can improve the adsorption capacity, the cation exchange capacity and the specific surface area of the attapulgite by heat treatment of the attapulgite, thereby improving the decolorizing effect of the rice bran oil. The method can improve the oil yield and reduce the energy consumption while improving the rice bran oil decoloring efficiency, and can be used for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rice bran oil decoloring method based on attapulgite, belonging to the field of combination of inorganic material technology and food processing technology.
Background
The rice bran is a byproduct in rice processing, and comprises seed coats, aleurone layers, sub-aleurone layers, partial rice germs, endosperm and broken rice, and accounts for 5-7% of the weight of the brown rice. The rice bran not only contains rich fat, protein, sugar and bran wax, but also contains a plurality of natural bioactive substances such as oryzanol, tocopherol, phytic acid, squalene and the like, has the functions of reducing cholesterol, reducing blood fat, reducing blood sugar, resisting tumors and the like, and has important significance for human health. The oil content of the rice bran is about 16-22%, the rice bran is taken as one of oil sources, is listed as an important oil resource, and has great development potential.
The rice bran oil is grain oil extracted from rice bran through squeezing or leaching, and nowadays, the rice bran oil extracted from the rice bran is widely accepted at home and abroad due to the characteristics of high nutritional value, relatively more economical oil source and the like. The rice bran oil has balanced fatty acid composition, contains dozens of natural bioactive components such as rich composite lipid, phospholipid, tocotrienol, squalene, sterol, oryzanol and the like, and has the unsaturated fatty acid content of over 80 percent. Rice bran oil is a green health food and is called "heart oil" in many countries.
The color of the rice bran oil is an important appearance quality index of finished rice bran oil, however, compared with common vegetable oil, the rice bran oil has higher contents of chlorophyll, phytoene and carotenoid, and because the acid value of the rice bran oil is high, more pigments are blended, other factors and the like, the color of the rice bran oil is further deepened, and the difficulty of decolorization is increased. Therefore, the research on refining experiments of rice bran oil, an important oil source, is imminent.
In order to overcome the difficulties, a more reasonable and efficient rice bran oil decoloring method needs to be found, the decoloring process is further optimized, the rice bran oil decoloring efficiency is improved, the oil yield is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced for large-scale production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to disclose a novel rice bran oil decoloring method. The method adopts thermally modified attapulgite as a decoloring agent, and the decoloring rate measured by adopting the method after decoloring is 93.0-94.3%, and the phosphorus content is 2.18-2.98 mg/kg.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
F. the attapulgite is activated at a proper temperature, cooled and dried.
G. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding a certain amount of attapulgite, and sealing.
H. The reaction kettle is placed on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring, and the reaction is heated at a constant temperature for reaction.
I. Controlling the decoloring time and decoloring.
J. And after the decolorization is finished, centrifuging the oil-soil mixture, and separating the decolorized rice bran oil.
In one embodiment of the invention, 150g of attapulgite in step A is activated at 250 ℃ for 4 hours to constant weight, then cooled to room temperature, and dried at 50-60 ℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite.
In one embodiment of the invention, the deacidified rice bran oil is poured into a reaction kettle in the step B, the adding amount of the thermally modified attapulgite is 3-7% of the mass of the rice bran oil, and the rice bran oil is sealed.
In one embodiment of the invention, the deacidified rice bran oil is poured into a reaction kettle in the step B, the adding amount of the thermally modified attapulgite is 5-6% of the mass of the rice bran oil, and the rice bran oil is sealed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step C, the mixture is placed on a magnetic stirrer for sufficient stirring under the condition of vacuum pumping at 0.1MPa, and the mixture is heated to 100-120 ℃ at a constant temperature.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the rice bran oil is decolorized by controlling the time for decolorization in step D to be 10 to 50 minutes.
In one embodiment of the invention, after the decolorization in the step E is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the attapulgite can improve the adsorption capacity, the cation exchange capacity and the specific surface area of the attapulgite through the heat treatment process.
2. The decolorizing method can improve rice bran oil decolorizing efficiency, increase oil yield, reduce energy consumption, and perform large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 scanning electron micrographs of attapulgite treated at different temperatures; a, B, C, D, E and F represent the temperatures of the heat-treated attapulgite at 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 deg.C, respectively.
Detailed Description
And (3) decolorization rate determination: measuring the absorbance before and after the rice bran oil is decolorized by a spectrophotometer to calculate the decolorization rate, wherein the wavelength of the test light is 665nm, a 1cm cuvette is used, and distilled water is used as a reference. Decolorization ratio (%) - (a0-a1)/a0 × 100, a0 — absorbance of rice bran oil before decolorization, and a1 — absorbance of fat after decolorization.
Example 1
Activating the attapulgite at 250 ℃ for 4 hours to constant weight, then cooling to room temperature, and drying at 50-60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 5% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 30 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is 93.60 percent and the phosphorus content is 2.96 mg/kg.
Example 2
Activating the attapulgite at 250 ℃ for 4 hours to constant weight, then cooling to room temperature, and drying at 50-60 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 6% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 30 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is 94.10 percent and the phosphorus content is 2.18 mg/kg.
Example 3
The attapulgite is activated for 4 hours at 250 ℃ to constant weight, then cooled to room temperature, and dried for 9 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 5% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 40 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is 94.50 percent and the phosphorus content is 2.61 mg/kg.
Example 4
The attapulgite is activated for 4 hours at 250 ℃ to constant weight, then cooled to room temperature, and dried for 9 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 5% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 80 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 30 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is 87.60 percent and the phosphorus content is 4.25 mg/kg.
Example 5
The attapulgite is activated to constant weight at 230 ℃, then cooled to room temperature, and dried for 9 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 5% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 40 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is detected to be 84.50 percent, and the phosphorus content is detected to be 4.90 mg/kg.
Example 6
Activating the attapulgite to constant weight at 260 ℃, then cooling to room temperature, and drying for 9h at 60 ℃ to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 5% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 40 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is 82.61 percent and the phosphorus content is 4.87 mg/kg.
Example 7
The attapulgite is activated for 4 hours at 250 ℃ to constant weight, then cooled to room temperature, and dried for 9 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain the thermally modified attapulgite. Pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 8% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 40 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated. Under the decolorizing condition, the decolorizing rate is 89.67 percent and the phosphorus content is 3.01 mg/kg.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for decolorizing rice bran oil is characterized in that thermally modified attapulgite is adopted as a decolorizing agent;
the method mainly comprises the following steps:
activating the attapulgite at 250 ℃ for 4 hours to constant weight, then cooling to room temperature, and drying at 50-60 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain thermally modified attapulgite; pouring the deacidified rice bran oil into a reaction kettle, adding 6% of thermally modified attapulgite, and sealing; placing on a magnetic stirrer for fully stirring under the condition of vacuumizing at 0.1MPa, and heating to 110 ℃ at a constant temperature; controlling the decolorizing time to be 30 minutes, and decolorizing the rice bran oil; after the decolorization is finished, the reaction kettle is opened, the oil-soil mixture is centrifuged for 15min at 4500r/min, and the decolorized rice bran oil is separated.
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Citations (5)
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| CN102295986A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2011-12-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Preparation method of rice bran oil with low acid value |
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| CN103602520A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-26 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | Method for reducing color of soybean oil by using synergistic effect of monochromatic light and attapulgite |
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2016
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102295986A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2011-12-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Preparation method of rice bran oil with low acid value |
| CN103357380A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-23 | 江苏澳特邦非金属矿业有限公司 | Preparation method of absorptive decolorant special for rapeseed oil refining |
| CN103602520A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-26 | 哈尔滨商业大学 | Method for reducing color of soybean oil by using synergistic effect of monochromatic light and attapulgite |
| CN104987951A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-21 | 广州市正德生物科技有限公司 | Edible plant oil decoloring technology |
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