CN106687248A - Method of laser welding coated steel sheets with addition of alloying elements - Google Patents
Method of laser welding coated steel sheets with addition of alloying elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN106687248A CN106687248A CN201580049687.0A CN201580049687A CN106687248A CN 106687248 A CN106687248 A CN 106687248A CN 201580049687 A CN201580049687 A CN 201580049687A CN 106687248 A CN106687248 A CN 106687248A
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- alloy material
- laser
- molten bath
- aluminium
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/322—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving coated metal parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
- B23K2103/166—Multilayered materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A process is disclosed for laser-welding sheet metal plates that have an aluminum-silicon containing pre-coat layer. The pre-coated sheet metal plates are arranged one relative to another such that an edge of one of the plates is adjacent to and in contact with an edge of the other one of the plates, and a laser-welded joint is formed along the adjacent edges of the pre-coated plates. In particular the joint is formed absent removing the aluminum- silicon containing layer from along the adjacent edges, such that aluminum from the aluminum-silicon containing layer enters into the melt pool that is formed. Additionally, an alloying material is introduced into the melt pool during forming the laser-welded joint and forms a compound with at least some of the aluminum in the melt pool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention generally relates to the sheet metal part to the part such as used in automobile and other components etc
Part carries out the method and system of laser welding.More particularly, the present invention relate to by the way that alloying element is added in molten bath
And the metallic plate to coating carries out the method and system of laser welding.
Background technology
Auto industry improves fuel oil while being faced with the security for improving produced automobile and survive after touching probability
Efficiency is being met or exceeded by the continuing challenge of legal minimum standard.A kind of mode for realizing the two targets is excellent using having
The light material of different mechanical strength and high impact properties etc..In this way it is possible to mitigate the gross weight of vehicle, so as to not have
There is the fuel efficiency for realizing improving in the case of sacrificing the ability that impact energy is absorbed under collision situation.This strategy is widely used in
Produce anti-intrusion part, structure member or the safety component of motor vehicles, such as bumper, door reinforcement, B posts reinforcement and car
Top reinforcement.
It is generally necessary to different metal sheets is linked together to form required part.For example, by preferably
The steel blank of two or more different constituents and/or different-thickness is linked together via laser welding and is formed
" butt-welded blank ".After colding pressing to the blank for welding, the mechanical strength with the change in its own is obtained
The part of characteristic, the characteristic that can pressurize and impact-absorbing characteristics.The various location that therefore, it can in part provides different machines
Tool characteristic, without producing unnecessary or costliness cost to whole part.For example, can pass through will be with high mechanical properties
The first steel blank and the second steel blank with relatively low mechanical strength link together to obtain B posts.In impact epoch
Between, deformation is concentrated in the part formed by the second steel blank of B posts so that impact energy is safely inhaled in the desired manner
Receive.
In order to avoid to provide during the thermoforming of this laser welding blank controlled furnace atmosphere needs and
Also for providing the corrosion resistance for improving, the metallic sheet of such as boron steel with aluminium-silicon pre-coat layer etc is usually used
Material is manufacturing this blank.Unfortunately, the method that the metallic sheet material of this precoating carries out laser welding is caused pre-
In the melt region that some precoating materials in coating material are produced during being transferred to welding operation.Welded blank it is subsequent
Austenitizing and quenching will cause to become alloy from the metallic element of precoating material and the iron of steel plate or other elements, from
And the intermetallic compound of fragility is formed in welded joint.Under subsequent mechanical load, these intermetallic compounds are past
Toward the original position for being cracking under static conditions or dynamic condition.Therefore, because because of welding and subsequent alloying and austenite
Change and the presence of caused these intermetallic compounds, the integral deformable of the welded joint after heat treatment is significantly reduced.
Another kind of adverse effect is to suppress martensitic structure in subsequent hot stamping operation caused by aluminum pollution thing in welding metal
Formation so that welding metal intensity decreases.
In United States Patent (USP) 8, in 614,008, Canourgues et al. points out the source for expecting to eliminate above-mentioned intermetallic compound
Head, that is, eliminate the initial surface metal coat melted during laser welding.Briefly, however eliminate following welded joint
Both sides on precoating region by the region on the both sides for causing welded joint after the welding operation no longer have it is any
Surface metal pre-coat layer.The reason for this thing happens is that the width in the region for removing pre-coat layer must be at least equal to
The width in the region melted during welding, so as not to subsequently forming for intermetallic region domain can be promoted.Canourgues et al. refers to
Go out：In practice the width of removed pre-coat layer must be considerably larger than the minimum, to allow melting during assembly operation
The width fluctuations in region.Unfortunately, during further alloying and austenitation heat treatment, it is close to weld part not
Fouling and decarburization can be produced in coating zone.Additionally, these it is uncoated and therefore unprotected areas part input make
There is corrosion used time.
Canourgues et al. continues to disclose them and is surprisingly found that, i.e. only eliminate a part for pre-coat layer to solution
Certainly above-mentioned etching problem is still effective.Specifically, their solution is related to remove the metal alloy layer of whole thickness, and incites somebody to action
The following intermetallic alloy layer contacted with steel matrix reservation in place.Canourgues et al. is emphasized, is accurately removed metal and close
Layer gold includes the impingement rate or reflectivity on measurement exposed surface during process is removed, and between measured value and reference point
Difference exceed threshold limit value when stop remove.Because intermetallic alloy layer keeps interference-free during metal alloy layer is removed,
The width in the region for therefore removing metal alloy layer can be more medium-sized by 20% to 40% than the one of weld part width.In welding process
Period, metal alloy layer will not be molten in weldpool, and therefore will not form intermetallic region domain along welded joint.Welding
Undisturbed intermetallic alloy layer on the both sides at junction surface provides anti-corrosion protection when part comes into operation, but does not have
Substantially contribution is made to forming intermetallic compound in welded joint.
Solution disclosed in Canourgues et al. is excellent, and generates etch-proof strong weld junction surface,
But this is also in practice what is be difficult to carry out.Specifically, it is very difficult to make the undisturbed situation of following intermetallic alloy
Under brushed by machinery or laser ablation is realizing accurately removing to metal alloy layer.Additionally, the method is time-consuming and works strong
Degree is big, and this is, because each part of welded blank must be processed individually, to be placed in first work station to enter row metal conjunction
Removing for layer gold, is moved to second work station and relative to another positioning parts of welded blank, and final in the second work
Detached part is welded together in standing.Certainly, operate for removing metal alloy layer and for the detached of soldering
Work station increases occupation of land and requires, and needs lasing light emitter at double and laser optic assemblies etc..Such case is necessary, original
Because being that metal alloy layer is removed using pulse waves laser instrument and laser is performed using continuous waves laser instrument
Welding.Especially, Canourgues et al. describes to be made using the light beam of high-energy-density the surface evaporation of pre-coat layer simultaneously
Drive away.
Overcome in the restriction and shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art at least some limit and shortcoming will be beneficial.
The content of the invention
The aspect of at least one embodiment of the invention, discloses a kind of being used for metallic plate laser welding one
The method for rising, metallic plate is pre-coated with containing aluminium-silicon layer, and the method includes：The metallic plate of precoating is arranged with respect to one another into
So that the edge of a plate in plate is adjacent with the edge of another plate in plate and contacts；There is no the metal along precoating
In the case that the adjacent edge of plate is removed containing aluminium-silicon layer, along the adjacent edge laser welding junction surface is formed so that
The aluminium for carrying out self-contained aluminium-silicon layer enters the molten bath formed during laser welding junction surface is formed；And connect laser welding is formed
Conjunction is incorporated into alloy material in molten bath during portion, wherein, in the aluminium that alloy material enters molten bath in molten bath and from aluminium-silicon layer
At least some aluminium form compound.
The aspect of at least one embodiment of the invention, discloses a kind of being used for metallic plate laser welding one
The method for rising, metallic plate has the matrix for being pre-coated with containing aluminium-silicon layer, and the method includes：By the first metallic plate phase of precoating
For the second metallic plate of precoating be arranged so that the edge of the first plate and the edge of the second plate be disposed adjacent to each other and
Composition surface is limited between the first plate and the second plate；Composition surface of the laser beam for defocusing along between the first plate and the second plate is entered
Row scanning, so as to irradiate the adjacent edge of the first plate and the second plate；During the laser beam for defocusing is scanned, court
To the first plate and the second plate irradiated margin guide powder alloy material, so as to the shape in the pre-coat layer containing aluminium-silicon
Into the cladding layer of powder alloy material；And after cladding layer is formed, by the laser beam for focusing on along the first plate and the second plate
Between composition surface be scanned, to form laser welding junction surface between the first plate and the second plate, wherein, the laser of focusing
Beam produce molten bath, molten bath include from the first plate and the second plate matrix material, come self-contained aluminium-silicon pre-coat layer aluminium and
From the alloy material of cladding layer；And wherein, alloy material forms compound in molten bath with least some aluminium in aluminium.
The aspect of at least one embodiment of the invention, discloses a kind of being used for metallic plate laser welding one
The method for rising, metallic plate is pre-coated with containing aluminium-silicon layer, and the method includes：By the first metallic plate of precoating relative to precoating
The second metallic plate be arranged so that the first plate edge and the second plate edge it is adjacent to each other and in the first plate and the second plate
Between limit composition surface；With the area adjacent with composition surface of each plate in the laser beam irradiation plate for focusing in single sweep operation
Domain, with the molten bath for forming the aluminium for including carrying out self-contained aluminium-silicon layer in the irradiated region of each plate；And during irradiating,
Alloy material is incorporated into molten bath, wherein, alloy material forms compound in molten bath with least some aluminium in aluminium.
The aspect of at least one embodiment of the invention, discloses a kind of for by the metallic plate laser of precoating
The system for welding together, the system includes：Supporting member, supporting member is used for the first metallic plate of precoating relative to precoating
The second metallic plate be kept into predetermined orientation so that the edge of the edge of the first plate and the second plate be disposed adjacent to each other and
Limit composition surface；At least one laser optic assemblies, at least one laser optic assemblies are connected with lasing light emitter light；At least one
Individual actuator, at least one actuator is used to make at least one laser optic assemblies relatively move relative to supporting member
It is dynamic；And powder delivery conduit, powder delivery conduit connects and with arranging along scanning direction with powder alloy material source
In the output end in the front of at least one laser optic assemblies, the position of the output end of powder delivery conduit relative to
At least one laser optic assemblies are fixed, to make at least one laser optic assemblies relative to supporting member phase
Powder alloy material stream is guided during moving over the ground towards the predetermined point along composition surface.
Description of the drawings
Now will be only by example and with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe the present invention, wherein in whole some width views similar
Reference represents similar element.It should be appreciated that accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn to scale.In some cases, eliminate to reason
The solution disclosure is unnecessary or causes other details to be difficult to observed details.
Figure 1A is the stereogram of the laser melting coating step for illustrating two step formula methods according to the embodiment of the present invention, its
Following welded joint of the cladding layer of middle alloy material along between the adjacent edge of the metallic plate of precoating is formed.
Figure 1B is to illustrate during the laser cladding step of two step formula methods one in the metallic plate of the precoating of Figure 1A
The side view at the edge of individual metallic plate.
Fig. 2A is the stereogram of the laser soldering process of two step formula methods according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein coming
It is mixed in molten bath from the alloy material of cladding layer.
Fig. 2 B are to illustrate during the laser soldering process of two step formula methods one in the metallic plate of the precoating of Fig. 2A
The side view at the edge of individual metallic plate.
Fig. 3 A are the stereograms for illustrating a step formula method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the wherein conjunction of powder type
Golden material is directed into the molten bath formed when the metallic plate of precoating is laser welded.
Fig. 3 B are the edges for illustrating a metallic plate during a step formula method in the metallic plate of the precoating of Fig. 3 A
Side view.
Fig. 4 A are the end-views that the step formula method that is shown with forms overlap joint weld part.
Fig. 4 B are the side cross-sectional views along the overlap joint weld part of Fig. 4 A.
Specific embodiment
Following description is provided so that those skilled in the art can manufacture and using the present invention, and be described below
There is provided in the case of application-specific and its requirement.The various modifications of disclosed embodiment are for those skilled in the art
Speech will be apparent, and in the case of without departing substantially from the scope of the present invention, the General Principle for limiting herein can be applied to
Other embodiment and other application.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to disclosed embodiment, but meets and public affairs herein
The consistent widest range of the principle and feature opened.
Figure 1A and Figure 1B depict the first step of two step formula method for laser welding according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B depict the second step of two step formula method for laser welding.More specifically, Figure 1A illustrates first step
Simplify stereogram, wherein the alloy material 100 of powder type is along the steel plate 102 of precoating and the adjacent edge of steel plate 104
Between seam 106 by laser melting coating to plate 102 and 104.Figure 1B depicts the edge along seam 106 of plate 102, its
In, during Figure 1B is also at first step.By specific and nonrestrictive example, the alloy material 100 of powder type is wrapped
At least one of nickel and chromium are included, and via the powder of the side conduit 108 for such as connecting with unshowned alloy material material source etc
Last delivery conduit is provided.Alternatively, side conduit 108 includes at its output end the conveying for controlling powder alloy material
Unshowned nozzle.Plate 102 includes matrix 112, and matrix 112 has the first precoating being arranged on a sidepiece of plate 112
Layer 114 and the second pre-coat layer 116 being arranged on second sidepiece contrary with the first sidepiece of plate 112.Similarly, plate 104
Including matrix 118, matrix 118 has the first pre-coat layer 120 being arranged on a sidepiece of matrix 118 and is arranged on matrix
The second pre-coat layer 122 on 118 the second sidepiece contrary with the first sidepiece.In figure ia in shown example, matrix 118
It is thicker relative to matrix 112, but alternatively, matrix has identical thickness.By concrete and nonrestrictive example, matrix
112 and 118 are manufactured by boron steel, and can be not similar, such as with different mechanical property and/or different alloy groups
Into composition.Pre-coat layer 114,116,120 and 122 is formed in known manner, such as by the way that the dip-coating of matrix 112 and 118 is arrived
In the pond of molten aluminum or molten aluminium alloy.In figure ia, plate 102 and 104 is shown as being arranged so as to be welded being connected together
Plate edge butt joint against each other limiting seam 106.Alternatively, plate 102 and 104 is arranged with respect to one another and is shaped as inhomogeneity
The welded joint of type, such as overlap welded joint.
It should be appreciated that for simplicity, pre-coat layer 114,116,120 and 122 is in Figure 1A and Figure 1B (and in figure
In 2A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B) it is depicted as individual layer.However, in practice, pre-coat layer includes and steel matrix 102 or 104
The intermetallic alloy layer of contact and the metal alloy layer contacted with intermetallic alloy layer.Generally, pre-coat layer 114,116,120
Material with 122 has the melt temperature more much lower than the melt temperature of steel matrix 102 or 104 below.For example, with it is corresponding
The melt temperature of about 1500 DEG C of steel matrix is compared, and aluminium-silicon alloys coat has the melt temperature less than 600 DEG C.
Referring now to Figure 1A and Figure 1B.During first step, laser optic assemblies 124 are via being referred to as lasing light emitter 126
Optical fiber receive from continuous waves lasing light emitter laser, and towards plate 102 and 104 adjacent surface region in seam 106
Both sides on transmitting defocus and relative low-power laser beam 128.By way of example, laser optic assemblies 124 include
At least one lens, and the optical fiber of lasing light emitter 126 is single-core fiber or multi-core fiber beam.Powder alloy material 100 via
When conduit 108 is supplied to, the lower powered laser beam 128 for defocusing melts powder alloy material 100, and the alloy material for melting
Material subsequently solidifies and solidifies, so as to the cladding layer 110 for forming alloy material on the top of pre-coat layer 114 and 120.Defocus
The direction that frame arrow 150 of the lower powered laser beam 128 in by Figure 1A and Figure 1B is indicated is carried out relative to matrix 102 and 104
Scanning so that cladding layer 110 extends along the length of seam 106.
Referring now to Fig. 2A, the simplified stereogram of the second step of method for laser welding is shown, wherein in plate 102 and plate
During forming laser weld 132 between 104, the alloy material from cladding layer 110 is mixed in molten bath 136.Fig. 2 B are retouched
The edge arranged along seam 106 of plate 102 has been painted, wherein, Fig. 2 B are also at during forming laser weld 132.Such as Fig. 2A
Shown in Fig. 2 B, the high-power laser beam 134 of focusing enters along the direction indicated by frame arrow 150 relative to plate 102 and 104
Row scanning.The high-power laser beam 134 for focusing on has enough power and intensity with by the material molten of matrix 112 and 118,
So as to form molten bath 136.During laser welding, the cladding layer 110 of alloy material and pre-coat layer 114 and 120 with connect
Stitch 106 adjacent materials to be also melted and become to be mixed into molten bath 136.It is, for example, richness from the alloy material of cladding layer 110
Nickeliferous material, and compound can be formed with the aluminium that molten bath 136 is entered from pre-coat layer 114 and 120.For example in molten bath
Ni is formed in 1363At least one of Al and NiAl and at least one keeps stable in molten bath 136.Advantageously, alloy material
Nickel in material is martensite promoter, and therefore molten bath 136 in the presence of nickel compensate at least in part in laser welding
The adverse effect of the aluminium that period introduces from pre-coat layer 114 and 120.Alternatively, alloy material also includes chromium, its combination with nickel
The characteristic of welded joint be can improve, and bigger quenching degree, higher impact strength and fatigue resistance and higher realized
Notch toughness.Advantageously, because the stable compound formed in molten bath 136, can also improve corrosion resistance.
Above-mentioned two steps formula method for laser welding can be carried out at single work station, and can control same laser light
Learn component 124 and same lasing light emitter 126 and the lower powered laser beam 128 for defocusing is scanned during first step and in second step
Scanning focused high-power laser beam 134 during rapid.Advantageously, the two steps can be performed at same work station, be made
Obtain labor cost reduction and ground space is using more preferable.More advantageously, plate 102 and 104 is being laser welded into it
Before, it is not necessary to partially or even wholly remove the material of the pre-coat layer adjacent with weld seam 106.Produced using two step formula methods
Weld part there is the corrosion resistance for improving, and the mechanical property of laser weld can be altered or modified preferably to match
The material for being linked.Certainly, because untapped powder may be deposited on workpiece with current working environment, powder is closed
The use of golden material needs the equipment of safe enough and extra cleaning.
Referring now to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, a step formula method for laser welding according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown.Tool
Body ground, Fig. 3 A are the simplified stereograms for illustrating a step formula method for laser welding, and the alloy material 100 of wherein powder type is melt
Melt and be introduced directly into the molten bath 136 formed when pre-coated steel plate 102 and 104 is hermetically laser welded together along seam 106
In.Fig. 3 B depict the edge along the arrangement of seam 106 of plate 102, wherein, Fig. 3 B are also at a step formula method for laser welding
Period.During the step formula method for laser welding, the high-power laser beam 134 of focusing is by the material of matrix 112 and 118
Melting, so as to form molten bath 136.Additionally, the high-power laser beam 134 for focusing on is by the pre-coat layer 114 adjacent with seam 106
Melt with 120, so that the aluminium from pre-coat layer 114 and 120 enters molten bath 136.The high-power laser beam 134 for focusing on
Also the powder alloy material 100 provided via the powder delivery conduit of such as side conduit 108 etc is melted, and the powder for melting
Last alloy material 100 becomes to be mixed into molten bath 136.Alternatively, side conduit 108 is included for controlling powder at its output end
The unshowned nozzle of the conveying of last alloy material.Alloy material e.g. can enter molten bath with from pre-coat layer 114 and 120
136 aluminium forms the material rich in nickel of compound.Such as Ni is defined in molten bath3At least one of Al and NiAl, Ni3Al
With in NiAl described at least one keep stable in molten bath and be present in welding metal after cooling is completed.Favorably
Ground, the nickel in alloy material is martensite promoter, and therefore molten bath 136 in nickel presence compensate at least in part from
The adverse effect of the aluminium that pre-coat layer 114 and 120 is introduced.Alternatively, alloy material also includes chromium, and it can change with the combination of nickel
The performance of kind welded joint, and realize bigger quenching degree, higher impact strength and fatigue resistance and higher otch
Toughness.Advantageously, because the stable compound formed in molten bath 136, can also improve corrosion resistance.
Above-mentioned step formula method for laser welding can be performed at single work station, and advantageously, by the He of plate 102
104 be laser welded before unnecessary portion ground or fully remove the material of the pre-coat layer adjacent with weld seam 106.Make
The weld part produced with a step formula method has the corrosion resistance for improving, and the machine of laser weld can be altered or modified
Tool characteristic is preferably matching linked material.Certainly, because untapped powder may be deposited on workpiece and is sunk
In current working environment, the use of powder alloy material needs the equipment and extra cleaning of safe enough to product.
Be butt welding socket part referring to figs. 1 to the welded joint of Fig. 3 descriptions, the edge butt joint of one of plate 102 against
The edge of another plate 104, and during two plates are generally aligned in the same plane.Certainly, above-mentioned two steps formula method and a step formula side
Method can also be used for forming the different types of weld part for such as overlapping weld part etc.Fig. 4 A are to be shown with a step formula method
The end-view of overlap joint weld part is formed, and Fig. 4 B are the side cross-sectional views along the overlap joint weld part of Fig. 4 A.In Fig. 4 A and figure
In 4B, plate 102 and 104 is arranged in different planes, and a plate is on another plate so that along the side of plate 102 and 104
There is overlapping portion 400 in edge.What arrow 150 of the high-power laser beam 134 for focusing in by such as Fig. 4 A was indicated leaves the page
Direction is scanned, so as to by the pre-coat layer of the matrix 118 of plate 104, the material of pre-coat layer 120 and 122 and plate 102
114 and matrix 112 at least some part material molten, so as to form molten bath 136.Meanwhile, the alloy material of powder type
Material 100 is supplied directly in molten bath 136 via the powder delivery conduit of such as side conduit 108 etc.Alternatively, side conduit 108
Include the unshowned nozzle for controlling the conveying of powder alloy material at its output end.As shown in Figure 4 B, when poly-
When burnt high-power laser beam 134 is scanned along the direction indicated by arrow 150, with the high-power laser for focusing on
The metal in molten bath 136 is cooled down and defines weld part 132 after the forward movement of beam 134.
Referring now still to Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, alloy material e.g. can enter molten bath with from pre-coat layer 120,122 and 114
136 aluminium forms the material rich in nickel of compound.Such as Ni is defined in molten bath3At least one of Al and NiAl, Ni3Al
With in NiAl described at least one keep stable in molten bath and be present in welding metal after cooling is completed.Favorably
Ground, the nickel in alloy material is martensite promoter, and therefore molten bath 136 in nickel presence compensate at least in part from
The adverse effect of the aluminium that pre-coat layer is introduced.Alternatively, alloy material also includes chromium, and it can improve welding and connect with the combination of nickel
The performance in conjunction portion, and realize bigger quenching degree, higher impact strength and fatigue resistance and higher notch toughness.Have
Sharp ground, due to the stable compound formed in molten bath 136, can also improve corrosion resistance.
Certainly, two step formula methods can carry out similar change and take so as to be used to be formed between the metallic plate of precoating
Connect junction surface.For example, can be along the following solder joints on the plate 104 shown in the top plate in plate such as Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B
Portion forms the cladding layer of alloy material.After the cladding layer for forming alloy material, the high-power laser beam of focusing is along molten
Coating is scanned, so as to melt and be mixed into molten bath alloy material.Be present in nickel in the cladding layer of alloy material and/
Or chromium forms compound with the aluminium for entering molten bath from the pre-coat layer of metallic plate, as discussed referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 4.
Although above description constitutes multiple embodiments of the present invention, but it is to be understood that without departing substantially from appended right
In the case of the real meaning of requirement, the present invention can further modifications and changes.
Claims (28)
1. a kind of method for metallic plate to be laser welded, the metallic plate is pre-coated with containing aluminium-silicon layer, the side
Method includes：
During the metallic plate of precoating to be arranged with respect to one another into the edge and the plate that cause a plate in the plate
Another plate edge it is adjacent and contact；
In the case of containing aluminium-silicon layer described in removing at the adjacent edge of no metallic plate along precoating, along institute
State adjacent edge and form laser welding junction surface so that enter from the aluminium containing aluminium-silicon layer and forming the Laser Welding
The molten bath formed during connecing junction surface；And
Alloy material is incorporated into the molten bath during the laser welding junction surface is formed,
Wherein, at least some in the aluminium that the alloy material enters the molten bath in the molten bath and from the aluminium-silicon layer
Aluminium forms compound.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the alloy material is incorporated into the molten bath includes will be nickeliferous
Alloy material is incorporated into the molten bath.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, by the alloy material be incorporated into the molten bath include nickeliferous and
The material of chromium is incorporated into the molten bath.
4. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3, be included in be formed before the laser welding junction surface and
In the case of described in not removing along the adjacent edge containing aluminium-silicon layer, along the institute of the metallic plate of precoating
State the cladding layer that adjacent edge forms the alloy material.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, form the cladding layer of the alloy material and formed and described swash
Photocoagulation junction surface is in the situation that the metallic plate of precoating is not transferred to another work station from work station
Lower execution.
6. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is included in institute during forming the laser welding junction surface
State alloy material to be supplied in the molten bath.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, supplying the alloy material is included the alloy material stream of powder type
In being incorporated into the molten bath.
8. method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, wherein, the laser welding junction surface is docking junction surface.
9. method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, wherein, the laser welding junction surface is lap joint.
10. a kind of method for metallic plate to be laser welded, the metallic plate has and is pre-coated with containing aluminium-silicon layer
Matrix, methods described includes：
By the first metallic plate of precoating relative to the second metallic plate of precoating be arranged so that first plate edge and
The edge of second plate is disposed adjacent to each other and limits composition surface between first plate and second plate；
The composition surface of the laser beam for defocusing along between first plate and second plate is scanned, so as to irradiate
The adjacent edge of first plate and second plate；
During the laser beam for defocusing is scanned, towards first plate and second plate irradiated side
Edge guides powder alloy material, so as to form the cladding layer of the powder alloy material in the pre-coat layer containing aluminium-silicon；And
After the cladding layer is formed, by the laser beam of focusing along between first plate and second plate described in connect
Conjunction face is scanned, to form laser welding junction surface between first plate and second plate,
Wherein, the laser beam of the focusing produces molten bath, and the molten bath includes the base from first plate and second plate
Body material, from the aluminium and the alloy material from the cladding layer of the pre-coat layer containing aluminium-silicon；And
Wherein, the alloy material forms compound in the molten bath with least some aluminium in the aluminium.
11. methods according to claim 10, including scanning the laser beam for defocusing using only one lasing light emitter
Both with the laser beam of the focusing.
12. methods according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, guide the powder alloy material to include the nickeliferous conjunction of guiding
Golden material.
13. methods according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, guide the powder alloy material to include guiding nickeliferous and chromium
Alloy material.
14. methods according to any one of claim 10 to 13, wherein, scan the laser beam for defocusing and scanning
The laser beam for going out the focusing is the metallic plate of precoating not to be transferred into another work station from a work station
In the case of perform.
15. methods according to any one of claim 10 to 14, wherein, the laser welding junction surface is docking engagement
Portion.
16. methods according to any one of claim 10 to 14, wherein, the laser welding junction surface is overlap joint engagement
Portion.
17. methods according to any one of claim 10 to 16, wherein, the thickness of the matrix material of first plate is not
It is same as the thickness of the matrix material of second plate.
18. methods according to any one of claim 10 to 17, wherein, the precoating containing aluminium-silicon of first plate
The thickness of layer is different from the thickness of the pre-coat layer containing aluminium-silicon of second plate.
19. methods according to any one of claim 10 to 18, wherein, the composition of the matrix material of first plate into
Divide the constituent of the matrix material different from second plate.
A kind of 20. methods for metallic plate to be laser welded, the metallic plate is pre-coated with containing aluminium-silicon layer, described
Method includes：
By the first metallic plate of precoating relative to the second metallic plate of precoating be arranged so that first plate edge and
The edge of second plate is adjacent to each other and limits composition surface between first plate and second plate；And
Laser welding junction surface is formed, including：
The region adjacent with the composition surface of each plate irradiated in the plate with the laser beam for focusing in single sweep operation, with
Being formed in the irradiated region of each plate is included from the molten bath of the aluminium containing aluminium-silicon layer；And
During irradiating, alloy material is incorporated into the molten bath,
Wherein, the alloy material forms compound in the molten bath with least some aluminium in the aluminium.
21. methods according to claim 20, wherein, the alloy material is incorporated into the molten bath is included via powder
Last delivery conduit is directed to powder alloy material stream in the molten bath.
22. methods according to claim 20 or 21, wherein, the alloy material includes nickel.
23. methods according to claim 20 or 21, wherein, the alloy material includes nickel and chromium.
24. methods according to any one of claim 20 to 23, wherein, the laser welding junction surface is docking engagement
Portion.
25. methods according to any one of claim 20 to 23, wherein, the laser welding junction surface is overlap joint engagement
Portion.
A kind of 26. systems for the metallic plate of precoating to be laser welded, including：
Supporting member, the supporting member is used for the second metallic plate by the first metallic plate of precoating relative to precoating and is taken with predetermined
To being kept into so that the edge of first plate and the edge of second plate are disposed adjacent to each other and limit composition surface；
At least one laser optic assemblies, at least one laser optic assemblies are connected with lasing light emitter light；
At least one actuator, at least one actuator is used to make at least one laser optic assemblies relative to described
Supporting member is relatively moved；And
Powder delivery conduit, the powder delivery conduit is connected with powder alloy material source, and the powder delivery conduit has
There are along scanning direction the output end in the front for being arranged at least one laser optic assemblies, the powder delivery conduit
The position of the output end be fixed relative at least one laser optic assemblies, to make described at least one
Laser optic assemblies guide powder during relatively moving relative to the supporting member towards the predetermined point along the composition surface
Alloy material stream.
27. systems according to claim 26, wherein, at least one laser optic assemblies are supported along towards described
The laser beam of the light path transmitting focusing on composition surface.
28. systems according to claim 27, wherein, at least one laser optic assemblies are also supported along towards institute
State the laser beam that the light path transmitting on composition surface is defocused.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201462051573P | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | |
| US62/051,573 | 2014-09-17 | ||
| PCT/CA2015/050887 WO2016041064A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-09-15 | Method of laser welding coated steel sheets with addition of alloying elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106687248A true CN106687248A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| CN106687248B CN106687248B (en) | 2019-04-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201580049687.0A Active CN106687248B (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-09-15 | The method that laser welding is carried out to coated steel plates by addition alloying element |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10052720B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106687248B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE112015004224T5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016041064A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10052720B2 (en) | 2018-08-21 |
| DE112015004224T5 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
| CN106687248B (en) | 2019-04-02 |
| WO2016041064A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
| US20160332256A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
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