CN106680528A - Method of determining ejection speed of man-seat system - Google Patents
Method of determining ejection speed of man-seat system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680528A CN106680528A CN201611155309.3A CN201611155309A CN106680528A CN 106680528 A CN106680528 A CN 106680528A CN 201611155309 A CN201611155309 A CN 201611155309A CN 106680528 A CN106680528 A CN 106680528A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the aviation lifesaving field, and relates to a method of determining ejection speed of a man-seat system to determine a safe parachute opening speed condition when a pilot starts emergency ejection. The main technical characteristics are that according to a corresponding relation between an initial speed parameter when a man-seat system discovered and explained for the first time is ejected out of a cabin and a speed variation parameter after ejection as well as a corresponding relation between an acceleration parameter after ejection of the man-seat system and the speed variation parameter, a method of calculating and obtaining speed when the man-seat system is ejected out of the cabin on the basis of the mass, an aerodynamic resistance coefficient and an aerodynamic characteristic area of the man-seat system as well as an acceleration, an attitude angle, an altitude height, seat secondary power or the like after ejection of the man-seat system is designed. An ejection speed parameter can be obtained automatically and reliably, and a program control mechanism determines the time when a survival parachute is opened. Therefore, an ejection lifesaving success rate is increased, and lifesaving safety of the pilot is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aviation lifesaving field, is related to one kind and determines safe opening speed when pilot starts emergency ejection
The method for judging human seat model ejection speed of condition.
Background technology
It, when aircraft occurs the failure that cannot be retrieved, is device that pilot's lifesaving provides safeguard that ejector seat is, with
Escape parachute is supported the use.After pilot starts emergency ejection, pilot is with seat (abbreviation human seat model) ejection escape, people's chair
System is entered slows down, declines process, only when human seat model real-time speed, highly less than or equal to the maximum allowable parachute-opening speed of escape parachute
When degree, height, escape parachute just can work, and after escape parachute is filled, pilot surely drops landing (or water) with escape parachute.Same
Under the height of sample, the premature opening when human seat model flight speed fails effectively to reduce can produce excessive opening shock, to taking advantage of
Member's spinal column causes to damage, and may exceed the maximum opening speed of escape parachute permission and damage escape parachute, loses life-saving functions；
If parachute-opening is excessively slow, human seat model height loss can be caused excessive, then can cause to land during less than the minimum opening altitude for allowing
The exceeded damage occupant of speed, or even lifesaving failure.
The lifesaving method that existing seat is adopted is：The regulation in GJB232 is met with opening shock, as escape parachute safety
The precondition of parachute-opening, is verified by friction speed, the airdrop test of differing heights, determines the absolute height above sea level of a certain fixation
As the maximum allowable opening altitude of escape parachute, determine the true speed of a certain fixation as the maximum allowable opening speed of escape parachute.Start
After emergency ejection, with seat (abbreviation human seat model) ejection escape, speed sense device obtains speed during ejection, control to pilot
Device processed determines the escape parachute parachute delay time according to ejection speed and height value.After reaching time delay, escape parachute work,
People's chair is separated.
Wherein, pneumatics velocimetry and main frame currently mainly fly ginseng communication to the acquisition methods of the real-time true speed of human seat model
Method.Pneumatics velocimetry is, using the pitot measurement air installed on the seat is total, static pressure, and then to calculate human seat model reality
When true speed.This method haves the shortcomings that easily to be disturbed：In through canopy ejection, the pitot installed in headrest both sides may
By hatchcover clogged with fragments；The escape parachute that going out may be blown afloat during cabin by high velocity air manipulates band to be stopped；And chair carries static pressure sensing
Device can be only installed at seat side rear, and the air turbulence that seat rear is formed during high speed ejection can cause static pressure to experience larger mistake
Difference；This several phenomenon can all cause the serious erroneous judgement of ejection speed and produce the parachute-opening opportunity of mistake.Main frame flies ginseng communication method
Interacted with main airplane by communication interface, obtain airborne navigational system provide including speed, height, position, attitude
Deng flight parameter, the maximum hidden danger of this method is：Aircraft is often in improper situation during due to launching, and main frame can
Can break down and provide effective initial velocity parameter without normal direction seat.
Research and analysis prove that the acceleration parameter after human seat model ejection exists with speed during ejection escape and can quantify
Corresponding relation.Therefore, it is to improve ejection speed impression to adopt based on the isoparametric ejection speed parameter determination methods of acceleration
The effective way of reliability.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：There is provided a kind of new method of real-time true speed after autonomous acquisition human seat model ejection escape,
There is quantifiable corresponding relation in the speed when acceleration parameter after by analyzing human seat model ejection is with ejection escape, there is provided
Parachute-opening sequence control determines the opportunity of parachute-opening, to improve lifesaving performance.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of method for judging human seat model ejection speed, it includes installing on the seat
Cyclelog, parachute-opening controller and central draw ring, initial velocity when described program controller can eject cabin based on human seat model
Degree parameter and the corresponding relation and human seat model that go out behind cabin between rapid change amount parameter eject the acceleration parameter behind cabin
Human seat model being calculated with the corresponding relation between rapid change amount parameter and ejecting cabin actual speed, its feature includes following step
Suddenly：
Step one：Pilot pulls the central draw ring on ejector seat to start emergency ejection, human seat model ejection escape；
Step 2：The cyclelog installed on the seat is determined by scheme needs the time period △ T for being calculated to be certainly
Seat fire goes out 0.1s behind cabin and starts to 0.3s；
Step 3：Human seat model mass parameter m that cyclelog collection seat is provided；Cyclelog collection is arranged on
Angular-rate sensor signal on seat, to being preset in cyclelog human seat model pneumatic drag coefficient CD, human seat model gas
Dynamic feature area AsCarry out calculating amendment；Cyclelog collection is installed height sensor signal h on the seat and is converted to
Corresponding Zenith Distance density p；Second motive force course component parameters F that cyclelog collection seat is given or default；Make
Calculated with above-mentioned parameter, iterative calculation formula is as follows：
In formula (1), n is nonnegative integer 0,1,2 ..., and time interval △ T are averagely split and obtained by its maximum nmax
Number, is advisable with Δ tn=△ T/nmax≤0.0025s, AtnFor tn moment human seat model acceleration, vtnFor tn moment people chairs system
System speed, v during n=0t0For time interval △ T initial time human seat model speed, through n computations, v is obtainedtnmaxFor the time
Interval △ T finish time human seat models speed, and then obtain the human seat model velocity variable Δ V=v in interval △ Ttnmax_
vt0, the relation table for determining interval initial velocity and overall travel speed knots modification is calculated, it is with ejection in low speed ejection speed per hour degree knots modification
Speed increase and reduce on the occasion of, when high speed launch speed knots modification be with ejection speed increase and reduction negative value；
Step 4：Human seat model is ejected behind cabin, and the course of cyclelog collection chair set sensor system output accelerates
Degree parameter a, and computing is integrated to a in 0.1s~0.3s, obtain actual rapid change value
Step 5：According to actual speed knots modification Δ V, the interval initial velocity that can be determined in by step 3 and overall travel speed
Actual speed when human seat model ejects cabin is searched in the relation table of knots modification；
Step 6：The parachute-opening controller installed on the seat ejects reality during cabin according to the human seat model that step 5 is obtained
Border speed, judges escape parachute safe parachute-opening opportunity.
It is described to need time period for being calculated, can be from ejecting the earliest parachute-opening that the cabin moment allows to seat design
A continuous time interval is chosen between moment, the siding-to-siding block length of selection is longer, the human seat model ejection that correspondence is calculated
Speed is more accurate when going out cabin；
The human seat model quality, leaves together all life-saving equipments, the Cheng Yuanji of passenger cabin in company with occupant when referring to ejection
The gross mass value of itself equipment etc., can be replaced when calculating using approximation, and degree of approximation is better, the people that correspondence is calculated
Speed is more accurate when chair system ejects cabin；Human seat model pneumatic drag coefficient described in step one, companion when referring to ejection is taken advantage of
Member leaves together total pneumatic drag coefficient of all life-saving equipments, occupant and itself equipment of passenger cabin etc., can be by simulation calculation
Or actual tests determine its approximation, degree of approximation is better, and speed is more accurate when the human seat model that correspondence is calculated ejects cabin
Really；
The human seat model aerodynamic characteristics area, leaves together all lifesaving dress of passenger cabin in company with occupant when referring to ejection
Total aerodynamic characteristics area of standby, occupant and itself equipment etc., can determine its static approximation by simulation calculation or actual tests,
And the attitudes vibration of human seat model can be followed after cabin is ejected and is changed, now it can be calculated according to attitude parameter
Dynamic approximation, degree of approximation is better, and speed is more accurate when the human seat model that correspondence is calculated ejects cabin；
The human seat model height above sea level, refers to that human seat model ejects the height above sea level parameter collected behind cabin, can be with
Come approximate by the height above sea level parameter collected when starting ejection, degree of approximation is better, the human seat model bullet that correspondence is calculated
Speed is more accurate when projecting cabin；The seat second motive force course component parameters, can collect, also dependent on setting when calculating
Evaluation is approximate, and degree of approximation is better, and speed is more accurate when the human seat model that correspondence is calculated ejects cabin；
The different initial velocity values, can adopt at equal intervals or unequal interval is chosen, and interval chooses less, correspondence calculating
Speed is more accurate when the human seat model for drawing ejects cabin.
Described human seat model acceleration parameter, refers to the accekeration under airframe coordinate system, can carry used by chair
Property navigational material measurement draws, it is also possible to carries the devices such as acceleration, angular-rate sensor by chair and measures and draw after changing；If
The calculating time interval of selection is less can also to adopt unconverted chair load acceleration transducer measured value be calculated
Rapid change amount, now error calculated change is big；
Described that acceleration is carried out to be calculated rapid change amount, its computational methods can be numerical integration, it is also possible to
It is that other can obtain the computational methods of rapid change amount.
The speed of human seat model and aircraft when approximate estimation starts ejection is may also be used for using the method.
The present invention has the advantage that and beneficial effect：
Initial velocity parameter changes with speed behind cabin is gone out when the present invention ejects cabin according to the human seat model for finding first and illustrate
Corresponding relation between variable parameter, and human seat model ejected between the acceleration parameter behind cabin and rapid change amount parameter
Corresponding relation, devise a kind of based on human seat model quality, human seat model pneumatic drag coefficient, human seat model aerodynamic characteristics face
Product and human seat model eject the parameters such as the acceleration behind cabin, attitude angle, height above sea level, seat second motive force and calculate knows people
The method of speed when chair system ejects cabin.The present invention can either avoid existing employing air compressing device impression from ejecting cabin speed
The shortcoming that method is easily disturbed, can avoid using airplane fault feelings when ejecting cabin speed method by main airplane offer again
Effective ejection speed cannot be provided under condition, reliable acquisition that can be autonomous ejects cabin speed parameter, sequence control according to
The time for opening escape parachute is determined according to the speed parameter, so as to effectively improve ejection escape success rate, the lifesaving of pilot is ensured
Safety.The invention provides a kind of method of the real-time judge ejection speed of entirely autonomous formula, can avoid existing ejection escape
The defect and deficiency of device speed feeling way, improves the Performance And Reliability of ejection escape.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is human seat model rapid change amount-initial velocity corresponding relation curve.
It is embodied as example：
With reference to example is embodied as, the present invention is described in further detail：
Assume in this example that carrying out ejection escape using certain model seat：
Calculate " initial velocity value-rapid change magnitude relation " table
Choosing needs the time period △ T for being calculated to be to eject the 0.1s~0.3s behind cabin.Choose the master of the time period
The Consideration is wanted to be：According to design objective, seat second motive force course thrust is more stable in the period, can be approximated to be constant
To simplify calculating.Start to 0.3s, programmed acquisition human seat model quality m, human seat model aerodynamic drag from 0.1s behind cabin is ejected
Coefficient CD, human seat model aerodynamic characteristics area As, height above sea level h (being converted to corresponding Zenith Distance density p), two grades of seat move
Power course component parameters F.In this example, above-mentioned parameter is reduced to constant, takes m=210kg, F=1200N, ρ * Cd*As=-
0.53, substitute into formula (1) and be iterated calculating：
In formula, n is nonnegative integer 0,1,2 ..., and its maximum nmax is that time interval △ T are averagely split the part for obtaining
Number, is advisable with Δ tn=△ T/nmax≤0.0025s, and Δ tn=0.001s is taken in this example；AtnFor the acceleration of tn moment human seat model
Degree, vtnFor tn moment human seat model speed, v during n=0t0For time interval △ T initial time human seat model speed, through n time
Calculate, obtain vtnmaxFor time interval △ T finish time human seat model speed, and then obtain the speed of the human seat model in interval △ T
Degree variation delta V=vtnmax_vt0。
Respectively with 5m/s as interval setting vt0For 0m/s, 5m/s, 10m/s ... wait different time interval △ T initial times
Initial velocity angle value, through above-mentioned calculating corresponding human seat model rapid change value is respectively obtained, and it is as shown in the table：
Table human seat model rapid change amount-initial velocity corresponding relation
| Interval initial velocity | 0m/s | 5m/s | 10m/s | … | 395m/s | 400m/s |
| Overall travel speed knots modification | 1.13m/s | 1.12 | 1.08 | … | -64.48m/s | -66.01m/s |
Shown in table, if initial velocity is 0m/s when human seat model ejects cabin 0.1s, speed increased when cabin 0.3s is gone out
1.13m/s；If initial velocity is 5m/s when human seat model ejects cabin 0.1s, speed increased 1.12m/ when cabin 0.3s is gone out
s；..., if initial velocity is 395m/s when human seat model ejects cabin 0.1s, speed reduces 64.48m/s when cabin 0.3s is gone out；
If initial velocity is 400m/s when human seat model ejects cabin 0.1s, speed reduces 66.01/s when cabin 0.3s is gone out.
Human seat model rapid change amount in table-initial velocity correspondence table data are plotted as after curve as shown in Figure 1：
Calculate actual speed and change value
Human seat model is ejected behind cabin, course acceleration parameter a of programmed acquisition chair set sensor system output, and
Computing is integrated to a in 0.1s~0.3s, actual rapid change value is obtained
Determination human seat model of tabling look-up ejects the actual speed during 0.1s of cabin
According to actual speed knots modification Δ V is obtained in step 4, human seat model bullet is searched in the table obtained by step 3
Project the actual speed during 0.1s of cabin.For example, actual speed knots modification Δ V=1.1m/s is such as calculated, is then tabled look-up and is understood, people
Actual speed when chair system ejects cabin 0.1s is 5m/s~10m/s, about 7.5m/s；Such as it is calculated actual speed change
Amount Δ V=-65m/s, then table look-up and understand, actual speed when human seat model ejects cabin 0.1s is 395m/s~400m/s, about
For 397m/s.
So far, speed parameter when preset mechanism can learn that human seat model ejects cabin 0.1s, and then combine height and join
Number setting escape parachute work delay time.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for judging human seat model ejection speed, it includes installing cyclelog on the seat, parachute-opening control
Device and central draw ring, when described program controller can eject cabin based on human seat model initial velocity parameter with go out rapid change behind cabin
Corresponding relation and human seat model between amount parameter is ejected between the acceleration parameter behind cabin and rapid change amount parameter
Corresponding relation calculates human seat model and ejects cabin actual speed, and its feature comprises the steps：
Step one：Pilot pulls the central draw ring on ejector seat to start emergency ejection, human seat model ejection escape；
Step 2：The cyclelog installed on the seat is determined by scheme needs the time period △ T for being calculated to be from seat
Eject 0.1s behind cabin to start to 0.3s；
Step 3：Human seat model mass parameter m that cyclelog collection seat is provided；Cyclelog collection is arranged on seat
On angular-rate sensor signal, to being preset in cyclelog human seat model pneumatic drag coefficient CD, the pneumatic spy of human seat model
Levy area AsCarry out calculating amendment；Cyclelog collection is installed height sensor signal h on the seat and is converted to correspondence
Zenith Distance density p；Second motive force course component parameters F that cyclelog collection seat is given or default；Using upper
State parameter to be calculated, iterative calculation formula is as follows：
In formula, n is nonnegative integer 0,1,2 ..., and its maximum nmax is that time interval △ T are averagely split the number for obtaining, with
Δ tn=△ T/nmax≤0.0025s is advisable, AtnFor tn moment human seat model acceleration, vtnFor tn moment human seat model speed,
V during n=0t0For time interval △ T initial time human seat model speed, through n computations, v is obtainedtnmaxFor time interval △ T
Finish time human seat model speed, and then obtain the human seat model velocity variable Δ V=v in interval △ Ttnmax-vt0, calculate
It is determined that the relation table of interval initial velocity and overall travel speed knots modification, is to increase with ejection speed in low speed ejection speed per hour degree knots modification
And reduce on the occasion of, when high speed launch speed knots modification be with ejection speed increase and reduction negative value；
Step 4：Human seat model is ejected behind cabin, the course acceleration ginseng of cyclelog collection chair set sensor system output
Number a, and computing is integrated to a in 0.1s~0.3s, obtain actual rapid change value
Step 5：According to actual speed knots modification Δ V, the interval initial velocity that can be determined in by step 3 and overall travel speed change
Actual speed when human seat model ejects cabin is searched in the relation table of amount；
Step 6：The parachute-opening controller installed on the seat ejects actual speed during cabin according to the human seat model that step 5 is obtained
Degree, judges escape parachute safe parachute-opening opportunity.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that
It is described to need time period for being calculated, can be from ejecting the earliest parachute-opening moment that the cabin moment allows to seat design
Between choose a continuous time interval, the siding-to-siding block length of selection is longer, and the human seat model for correspondingly calculating ejects cabin
Shi Sudu is more accurate.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that
The human seat model quality, when referring to the ejection that seat provides in company with occupant leave together passenger cabin all life-saving equipments,
The gross mass value of occupant and itself equipment etc., can also be replaced when calculating using default approximation, and degree of approximation is better, right
Speed is more accurate when the human seat model that should be calculated ejects cabin.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that
The human seat model pneumatic drag coefficient, leaves together all life-saving equipments of passenger cabin, takes advantage of when referring to ejection in company with occupant
Total pneumatic drag coefficient of member and itself equipment etc., can determine its approximation, degree of approximation by simulation calculation or actual tests
Better, speed is more accurate when the human seat model that correspondence is calculated ejects cabin.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that
The human seat model aerodynamic characteristics area, leaves together all life-saving equipments of passenger cabin, takes advantage of when referring to ejection in company with occupant
Total aerodynamic characteristics area of member and itself equipment etc., can determine its static approximation by simulation calculation or actual tests, and
The attitudes vibration of human seat model can be followed after cabin is ejected and is changed, now its dynamic can be calculated according to attitude parameter
Approximation, degree of approximation is better, and speed is more accurate when the human seat model that correspondence is calculated ejects cabin.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that
The human seat model height above sea level, refers to that human seat model ejects the height above sea level parameter collected behind cabin, can be by opening
The height above sea level parameter collected when penetrating of moving comes approximate, and degree of approximation is better, and the human seat model that correspondence is calculated is ejected
Speed is more accurate during cabin；The seat second motive force course component parameters, can collect, also dependent on design load when calculating
Approximately, degree of approximation is better, and speed is more accurate when the human seat model that correspondence is calculated ejects cabin.
7. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that
The different initial velocity values, can adopt at equal intervals or unequal interval is chosen, and interval chooses less, and correspondence is calculated
Human seat model when ejecting cabin speed it is more accurate.
8. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that described people's chair
System acceleration parameter, refers to the accekeration under airframe coordinate system, can carry inertial navigation device measurement by chair and draw,
The devices such as acceleration, angular-rate sensor can also be carried by chair to measure and draw after changing；If the calculating time interval chosen
It is less that unconverted chair load acceleration transducer measured value can also be adopted to carry out being calculated rapid change amount, now calculate
Resultant error becomes big.
9. a kind of method for judging human seat model ejection speed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pair plus
Speed carries out being calculated rapid change amount, its computational methods can be numerical integration, or other can obtain speed
The computational methods of knots modification.
10. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of judge human seat model ejection speed method, it is characterised in that apply the party
Method may also be used for the speed of human seat model and aircraft when approximate estimation starts ejection.
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| CN110803301A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-18 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Novel ejection speed measuring method for ejection of ejection seat out of cabin |
| CN110824961A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-21 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Method for selecting multiple data sources of main control device of ejection lifesaving system |
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| CN108583909B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2023-06-06 | 苏州科技大学 | Low-altitude attitude control method for ejection seat |
| CN110824961A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-21 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Method for selecting multiple data sources of main control device of ejection lifesaving system |
| CN110824961B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-06-17 | 航宇救生装备有限公司 | Method for selecting multiple data sources of main control device of ejection lifesaving system |
| CN110803301A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-18 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Novel ejection speed measuring method for ejection of ejection seat out of cabin |
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