CN106679948B - A kind of quick valve on-line fault diagnosis method - Google Patents
A kind of quick valve on-line fault diagnosis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106679948B CN106679948B CN201611157834.9A CN201611157834A CN106679948B CN 106679948 B CN106679948 B CN 106679948B CN 201611157834 A CN201611157834 A CN 201611157834A CN 106679948 B CN106679948 B CN 106679948B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quick valve on-line fault diagnosis methods, to realize on-line monitoring and the diagnosis of pneumatic quick valve.The described method includes: passing through the strain signal for acquiring the quick valve wait diagnose strain inductor being preset on quick valve；Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to the strain signal, obtains signal time-frequency matrix；The corresponding frequency waveform in each predeterminated frequency section is drawn according to the signal time-frequency matrix；Reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform；The time span that the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform carries out otherness assessment to the quick valve according to the duration curve of the time span and preset quick valve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical fault diagnosis fields, examine more particularly to a kind of online failure of hypersonic wind tunnel quick valve
Disconnected method.
Background technique
Pneumatic quick valve is essential Special valve in hypersonic wind tunnel system, because of air-tightness requirement, at present only
Whether quick valve fault diagnosis, existing artificial mesh uniformly can be carried out using drive shaft speed in artificial range estimation quick valve opening process
Survey fast and accurately can not be diagnosed and be monitored to pneumatic quick valve state.
Based on this, the actual demand that the present invention combines pneumatic quick valve to monitor on-line and diagnose is proposed a kind of based on short
When Fourier transformation starting quick valve on-line monitoring and diagnostic method.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art described above, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of quick valve is online
Method for diagnosing faults, to realize on-line monitoring and the diagnosis of pneumatic quick valve.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one of present invention quick valve on-line fault diagnosis method, comprising:
Pass through the strain signal that the quick valve is acquired wait diagnose strain inductor being preset on quick valve；
Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to the strain signal, obtains signal time-frequency matrix；
The corresponding frequency waveform in each predeterminated frequency section is drawn according to the signal time-frequency matrix；
Reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform；
The time span that the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform, according to the time span
With the duration curve of preset quick valve, otherness assessment is carried out to the quick valve.
Optionally, the strain that the quick valve is acquired wait diagnose strain inductor by being preset on quick valve is believed
Number, comprising:
Multiple strain original signals of the quick valve are acquired by the multiple strain transducers being preset on quick valve；Its
In, the corresponding strain original signal of each strain transducer；
Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to each strain original signal, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums；
According to the Energy distribution of each signal time-frequency spectrum, a strain inductor is chosen from the multiple strain transducer and is made
For strain inductor to be diagnosed；
Using the strain original signal wait diagnose strain inductor acquisition as the strain signal of the quick valve.
Specifically, described that Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to each strain original signal, obtain multiple signal time-frequency spectrums
Figure, comprising:
For each strain original signal, the window function of a Time-Frequency Localization is selected；
The mobile window function, makes the window function and the product of the strain original signal is in each preset time width
Stationary signal, and calculate the power spectrum of each different moments；
The power spectrum at variant moment is reset with time sequencing, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums.
Specifically, the Energy distribution according to each signal time-frequency spectrum, chooses one from the multiple strain transducer
It strains inductor and is used as strain inductor to be diagnosed, comprising:
Using the energy-distributing feature of signal time-frequency spectrum, most significantly strain inductor is as strain inductor to be diagnosed.
Specifically, the quantity of preset strain inductor is 4；45 degree of angles are differed between adjacent two strains inductor.
Optionally, described the step of reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform, comprising:
According to the energy magnitude size of each frequency waveform, reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform.
Optionally, the time span that the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform, according to
The duration curve of the time span and preset quick valve carries out otherness assessment to the quick valve, comprising:
Wave crest pickup processing is carried out to the reference frequency waveform, it is corresponding to obtain each stage in the quick valve start-up course
Time span；Each stage includes pneumatic actuation head startup stage, pipeline gas aeration phase and pipeline in the start-up course
Gas passes through the stage；
According to the duration curve of the time span in each stage and preset quick valve, to lasting for each stage of the quick valve
Carry out otherness assessment.
Specifically, described that wave crest pickup processing is carried out to the reference frequency waveform, obtain the quick valve start-up course
In each stage corresponding time span, comprising:
The initial time of the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform；
Search the first maximum data point, the second maximum data point and third maximum number of the reference frequency waveform
Strong point；
It determines that the first maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time Yu the initial time, obtains the pneumatic actuation
The time span of head startup stage；
Determine that the second maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time corresponding with the first maximum data point time,
Obtain the time span of the pipeline gas aeration phase；
Determine that the third maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time corresponding with the second maximum data point time,
Obtain time span of the pipeline gas by the stage.
Specifically, the initial time that the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform, comprising:
Step 1, by the data point averaged of the most preceding preset quantity of reference frequency waveform, by the reference frequency wave
Shape subtracts the average value；
Step 2, step 1 is repeated, until the average value of the data point of the most preceding preset quantity reaches preset threshold, thus
Correct reference frequency waveform；
Step 3, it is begun stepping through from first data point of modified reference frequency waveform, it is corresponding when predeterminable event is occurred
Initial time of the time as the quick valve start-up course；The predeterminable event is specially the number for continuous setting number occur
The amplitude at strong point is all larger than preset threshold.
Specifically, before step 1 further include:
The reference frequency waveform will be subjected to smothing filtering.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
The present invention realizes on-line monitoring and the diagnosis of pneumatic quick valve, and effectively increasing existing artificial range estimation can not diagnose
Monitoring velocity and precision provide guarantee for hypersonic wind tunnel safe and stable operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is pneumatic quick valve opening process strain signal original waveform in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is pneumatic quickly 0 degree of direction strain transducer time-frequency spectrum of valve body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is pneumatic quickly 45 degree of direction strain transducer time-frequency spectrums of valve body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is pneumatic quickly 90 degree of direction strain transducer time-frequency spectrums of valve body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that pneumatic quickly valve body -45 spends direction strain transducer time-frequency spectrum in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is each frequency band strain energy curve after strain signal frequency decomposition in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is pneumatic each divided stages waveform of quick valve opening process in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to realize on-line monitoring and the diagnosis of pneumatic quick valve, the present invention provides a kind of quick valve on-line fault diagnosis
Method, below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein
Specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, does not limit the present invention.
A kind of quick valve on-line fault diagnosis method in the embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
Pass through the strain signal that the quick valve is acquired wait diagnose strain inductor being preset on quick valve；
Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to the strain signal, obtains signal time-frequency matrix；
The corresponding frequency waveform in each predeterminated frequency section is drawn according to the signal time-frequency matrix；
Reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform；
The time span that the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform, according to the time span
With the duration curve of preset quick valve, otherness assessment is carried out to the quick valve.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is further proposed that the variant embodiment of above-described embodiment, needs to illustrate herein
It is, in order to make description briefly, the difference with above-described embodiment only to be described in each variant embodiment.
In one embodiment of the invention, described to acquire institute wait diagnose strain inductor by being preset on quick valve
State the strain signal of quick valve, comprising:
Multiple strain original signals of the quick valve are acquired by the multiple strain transducers being preset on quick valve；Its
In, the corresponding strain original signal of each strain transducer；
Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to each strain original signal, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums；
According to the Energy distribution of each signal time-frequency spectrum, a strain inductor is chosen from the multiple strain transducer and is made
For strain inductor to be diagnosed；
Using the strain original signal wait diagnose strain inductor acquisition as the strain signal of the quick valve.
Specifically, described that Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to each strain original signal, obtain multiple signal time-frequency spectrums
Figure, comprising:
For each strain original signal, the window function of a Time-Frequency Localization is selected；
The mobile window function, makes the window function and the product of the strain original signal is in each preset time width
Stationary signal, and calculate the power spectrum of each different moments；
The power spectrum at variant moment is reset with time sequencing, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums.
Specifically, the Energy distribution according to each signal time-frequency spectrum, chooses one from the multiple strain transducer
It strains inductor and is used as strain inductor to be diagnosed, comprising:
Using the energy-distributing feature of signal time-frequency spectrum, most significantly strain inductor is as strain inductor to be diagnosed.
Specifically, the quantity of preset strain inductor is 4；45 degree of angles are differed between adjacent two strains inductor.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described the step of reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform, packet
It includes:
According to the energy magnitude size of each frequency waveform, reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, described to determine that the quick valve started according to the reference frequency waveform
The time span of journey carries out otherness to the quick valve and comments according to the duration curve of the time span and preset quick valve
Estimate, comprising:
Wave crest pickup processing is carried out to the reference frequency waveform, it is corresponding to obtain each stage in the quick valve start-up course
Time span；Each stage includes pneumatic actuation head startup stage, pipeline gas aeration phase and pipeline in the start-up course
Gas passes through the stage；
According to the duration curve of the time span in each stage and preset quick valve, to lasting for each stage of the quick valve
Carry out otherness assessment.
Specifically, described that wave crest pickup processing is carried out to the reference frequency waveform, obtain the quick valve start-up course
In each stage corresponding time span, comprising:
The initial time of the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform；
Search the first maximum data point, the second maximum data point and third maximum number of the reference frequency waveform
Strong point；
It determines that the first maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time Yu the initial time, obtains the pneumatic actuation
The time span of head startup stage；
Determine that the second maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time corresponding with the first maximum data point time,
Obtain the time span of the pipeline gas aeration phase；
Determine that the third maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time corresponding with the second maximum data point time,
Obtain time span of the pipeline gas by the stage.
Specifically, the initial time that the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform, comprising:
Step 1, by the data point averaged of the most preceding preset quantity of reference frequency waveform, by the reference frequency wave
Shape subtracts the average value；
Step 2, step 1 is repeated, until the average value of the data point of the most preceding preset quantity reaches preset threshold, thus
Correct reference frequency waveform；
Step 3, it is begun stepping through from first data point of modified reference frequency waveform, it is corresponding when predeterminable event is occurred
Initial time of the time as the quick valve start-up course；The predeterminable event is specially the number for continuous setting number occur
The amplitude at strong point is all larger than preset threshold.
The invention mainly comprises strain signal acquisitions and waveform analysis, quick valve opening process stage to divide automatically, is based on
Each stage accurately lasts three links of fault diagnosis of assessment.
(1) strain signal acquisition and waveform analysis link believe pneumatic quickly valve body strain original signal acquisition, strain
Number time-frequency matrix and time-frequency spectrum obtain, strain signal carries out frequency decomposition, choose suitable frequency section, obtain relatively clear examine
Disconnected waveform.
(2) the quick valve opening process stage divides link automatically, carries out smothing filtering, threshold triggers, wave crest pickup processing,
Obtain the time span in 3 stages in quick valve opening process.
(3) the fault diagnosis link that assessment is accurately lasted based on each stage, obtains fault diagnosis conclusion based on time span,
And it stores in the database.
The present invention passes through the strain regime for monitoring the valve seat in pneumatic pneumatic quick valve opening process on-line, to strain signal
Strain signal acquisition and waveform analysis, quick valve opening process stage is taken to divide automatically, accurately last assessment based on each stage
The treatment measures such as fault diagnosis, the variation characteristic of each motion stage in quick valve opening process can be accurately reflected, thus
Realize online Precise Diagnosis and the early warning of the failures such as obstruction, gas leakage, the abnormal friction of quick valve.
The present invention uses time frequency analysis, intrinsic signals isolation technics, selects the frequency spectrum with the strain signal of characteristic feature
Analyze curve；The spectrum analysis curve for giving strain signal is identified and is divided to process stage is opened, and calculates each fortune
Dynamic process accurately lasts；Duration curve when with further reference to the factory of pneumatic quick valve, to stage last carry out it is poor
Opposite sex assessment, then alarms more than predicted threshold value, and the data to a period of time accumulation is supported to carry out trend analysis, realize that early stage is pre-
It is alert.
Illustrate the present invention middle quick valve on-line fault diagnosis method.
Wind-tunnel facilities are long-term, be run multiple times after, quick valve can damage due to the rubber pad of its bottom is constantly worn.By looking into
Wind tunnel operation early period parameter is ask it is found that quick valve obviously increases before opening total time relatively damage when quick valve damages.For realization pair
The real-time state monitoring and life prediction of quick valve need to divide the different phase in quick valve opening procedure: first and second
Pneumatic actuation head startup stage, pipeline gas aeration phase and pipeline gas, which are respectively corresponded, with three stages passes through the stage.
Fig. 1 show the strain curve of the strain transducer acquisition of 4 direction installations in pneumatic quick valve opening process.From
Strain curve can obtain roughly the total time of pneumatic quick valve opening process in each subgraph of Fig. 1, but clear can not obtain outlet
Dynamic quick valve opening process specifically includes several stages.Therefore it needs to carry out signal processing to strain curve, finds out suitable side
Method accurately divides pneumatic quickly valve opening time.
Specifically, the present invention in method the following steps are included:
The pneumatic quickly valve body strain original signal acquisition of step 1.；
For guarantee obtain more comprehensive valve body working condition when strain regime, respectively 0 degree of the valve body of pneumatic quick valve,
Strain transducer is installed in 45 degree, -45 degree and 90 degree of directions respectively, acquires strain in real time using multichannel strain signal acquisition instrument
Value, and strain signal is uploaded to computer, it is 1000Hz, sampling number that sample rate, which is arranged, in multichannel strain signal acquisition instrument
It is 1000 points.
Step 2. strain signal time-frequency matrix and time-frequency spectrum obtain；
Time-frequency matrix and time-frequency spectrum are obtained by strain signal by time-frequency conversion, and currently used time-frequency conversion method has
Short Time Fourier Transform, wavelet transformation, Hilbert-Huang transform etc..In view of the operation of pneumatic quick valve diagnostic software platform
Efficiency and collect strain waveform be low frequency, tempolabile signal, choose Short Time Fourier Transform as time-frequency conversion method.
The main process of Short Time Fourier Transform is as follows:
(1) window function of a Time-Frequency Localization is selected, it is assumed that when analysis window function g (t) is in a short time interval
Smoothly.
(2) mobile window function, stationary signal when making window function from the product of signal in different finite time width, from
And calculate the power spectrum of each different moments.
(3) power spectrum of different moments obtained above is reset with time sequencing, transformed time-frequency spectrum can be obtained
Figure.
It is respectively the time-frequency of quick valve strain value waveform on 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and -45 degree directions shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5
Spectrogram.
Step 3: strain transducer reasonable installation direction determines；
From the time-frequency of pneumatic quick valve shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5 strain curve on 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and -45 degree directions
As can be seen that strain curve time-frequency spectrum of the pneumatic quick valve on 45 degree of directions in spectrogram, reaction outlet that can be relatively clear
3 stages that dynamic quick valve opening process is included.Therefore, the 45 degree of direction installation strains of pneumatic quick valve are chosen in practical diagnosis
Sensor.
Step 4: strain signal carries out frequency decomposition, chooses suitable frequency section, obtains relatively clear diagnosis waveform；
It draws and answers from low to high by frequency from time-frequency matrix corresponding to Fig. 3 (45 degree of direction strain curve time-frequency spectrums)
Become energy curve, the strain energy curve shown in fig. 6 divided by frequency band can be obtained.
In terms of according to the size of each curve energy amplitude, it can be seen that 0-12Hz (drawn in time-frequency matrix by the first row data
Curve) corresponding strain energy amplitude highest, therefore choose reference frequency of the frequency band as follow-up diagnosis.
Step 5: the quick valve opening process stage divides automatically；
Shown in Fig. 7, strain energy waveform diagram is drawn by 45 degree of direction strain value matrix the first row data of quick valve, from figure
Can be relatively easy to find out in waveform has 3 apparent maximum points.
Signal processing is carried out to strain energy waveform by following steps, the width of 3 maximum points on the way can be automatically derived
Value and its corresponding time.
(1) it will be picked out in waveform by the small burr that noise introduces by smothing filtering；
(2) since strain transducer long-term work can inevitably generate " null offset " phenomenon, so that sensor exists
The strain value output for not having strain transducer under stress is not " zero ", 100 data points before strain energy waveform of the present invention
(i.e. preset quantity) averaged, integrally subtracts above-mentioned average value for strain energy waveform, repeatedly until strain energy
The mean value of 100 each data points before waveform is measured close to zero (reaching preset null offset threshold value)；
(3) it is begun stepping through by software programming from first point of strain energy waveform, (is set until there are continuous 10 points
Determine number) amplitude be greater than 5 units strain energy (i.e. preset amplitude threshold), opened using this event as pneumatic quick valve
The initial time (hereinafter referred " initial time ") of process；
(4) difference for first maximum point corresponding time and initial time that software programming is found, as first
The duration in stage；
The difference of (5) second maximum points time corresponding with first maximum point, as second stage continue
Time；
(6) difference of third maximum point time corresponding with second maximum point, as three phases are lasting
Time.
Although those skilled in the art can not depart from the present invention generally This application describes particular example of the invention
Variant of the invention is designed on the basis of thought.
Those skilled in the art are under the inspiration that the technology of the present invention is conceived, on the basis of not departing from the content of present invention, also
Various improvement can be made to method of the invention, this still falls within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of quick valve on-line fault diagnosis method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Pass through the strain signal that the quick valve is acquired wait diagnose strain inductor being preset on quick valve；
Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to the strain signal, obtains signal time-frequency matrix；
The corresponding frequency waveform in each predeterminated frequency section is drawn according to the signal time-frequency matrix；
Reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform；
Wave crest pickup processing is carried out to the reference frequency waveform, obtain each stage in the quick valve start-up course it is corresponding when
Between length；Each stage includes pneumatic actuation head startup stage, pipeline gas aeration phase and pipeline gas in the start-up course
Pass through the stage；
According to the duration curve of the time span in each stage and preset quick valve, progress is lasted to each stage of the quick valve
Otherness assessment.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described by being preset at incuding on quick valve wait diagnose strain
Device acquires the strain signal of the quick valve, comprising:
Multiple strain original signals of the quick valve are acquired by the multiple strain transducers being preset on quick valve；Wherein,
The corresponding strain original signal of each strain transducer；
Short Time Fourier Transform is carried out to each strain original signal, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums；
According to the Energy distribution of each signal time-frequency spectrum, chosen from the multiple strain transducer a strain inductor be used as to
Diagnosis strain inductor；
Using the strain original signal wait diagnose strain inductor acquisition as the strain signal of the quick valve.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to carry out Fourier in short-term to each strain original signal
Transformation, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums, comprising:
For each strain original signal, the window function of a Time-Frequency Localization is selected；
The mobile window function, making the window function and the product of the strain original signal is steady in each preset time width
Signal, and calculate the power spectrum of each different moments；
The power spectrum at variant moment is reset with time sequencing, obtains multiple signal time-frequency spectrums.
4. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Energy distribution according to each signal time-frequency spectrum, from institute
It states and chooses a strain inductor in multiple strain transducers as strain inductor to be diagnosed, comprising:
Using the energy-distributing feature of signal time-frequency spectrum, most significantly strain inductor is as strain inductor to be diagnosed.
5. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the quantity of preset strain inductor is 4；Adjacent two strain
45 degree of angles are differed between inductor.
6. the method as described in any one of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that described to select benchmark from each frequency waveform
The step of frequency waveform, comprising:
According to the energy magnitude size of each frequency waveform, reference frequency waveform is selected from each frequency waveform.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be carried out at wave crest pickup to the reference frequency waveform
Reason obtains the corresponding time span of each stage in the quick valve start-up course, comprising:
The initial time of the quick valve start-up course is determined according to the reference frequency waveform；
Search the first maximum data point, the second maximum data point and the very big Value Data of third of the reference frequency waveform
Point；
It determines that the first maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time Yu the initial time, obtains the pneumatic actuation head and open
The time span in dynamic stage；
It determines that the second maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time corresponding with the first maximum data point time, obtains
The time span of the pipeline gas aeration phase；
It determines that the third maximum data point corresponds to the difference of time corresponding with the second maximum data point time, obtains
The time span that the pipeline gas passes through the stage.
8. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that described to determine the quick valve according to the reference frequency waveform
The initial time of start-up course, comprising:
Step 1, by the data point averaged of the most preceding preset quantity of reference frequency waveform, the reference frequency waveform is subtracted
Remove the average value；
Step 2, step 1 is repeated, until the average value of the data point of the most preceding preset quantity reaches default null offset threshold value,
To correct reference frequency waveform；
Step 3, it is begun stepping through from first data point of modified reference frequency waveform, when corresponding when predeterminable event is occurred
Between initial time as the quick valve start-up course；The predeterminable event is specially the data point for continuous setting number occur
Amplitude be all larger than predetermined amplitude threshold value.
9. method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that before step 1 further include:
The reference frequency waveform will be subjected to smothing filtering.
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