CN106679571B - A kind of method of non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter - Google Patents
A kind of method of non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106679571B CN106679571B CN201611253438.6A CN201611253438A CN106679571B CN 106679571 B CN106679571 B CN 106679571B CN 201611253438 A CN201611253438 A CN 201611253438A CN 106679571 B CN106679571 B CN 106679571B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to conservation of wildlife technical field more particularly to a kind of methods of non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter.The present invention obtains observer at a distance from tested wild animal using telescope range-measurement system, flat image where obtaining the wild animal using the distance as method phasor by camera chain, the actual range of the image representation is calculated according to known camera lens visual angle, combining target image length/width degree accounts for the ratio of image length/width degree, the practical body that target can be obtained is long, body is wide, the Morphologic Parameters such as height, it avoids to need to capture in the past and defy capture caused by wild animal individual, sample size is small, the problems such as interfering animal behavior, reduce measurement cost, improve the flexibility and operability of measurement, it is studied in wild animal, protection and the utilization of resources etc. have practical application value.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to conservation of wildlife technical field more particularly to a kind of non-contact measurement wild animal bodily forms
The method of state parameter.
Background technique:
The Morphologic Parameters such as body is long, body is wide, height are widely used in wild animal survery, research and protection, wild for understanding
Lively object personal feature, growing state, population structure important in inhibiting.For a long time, after the main animal individual by capture
Actual measurement measures animal morphology parameter in conjunction with the methods of object of reference estimation, the former often leads to animal individual injury or dead, shies
Species group is disturbed, the latter's error is larger, it is difficult to be used for scientific research.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the limitation of above-mentioned various existing measurement animal ingestion preference methods, it is an object of the invention to mention
For one kind without contacting wild animal, wild non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter can be more accurately measured
Method.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that
A kind of method of non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter,
Observer is obtained at a distance from tested wild animal using telescope range-measurement system, is obtained by camera chain with this
Flat image where distance is the wild animal of method phasor, the actual range of the image representation is calculated according to known camera lens visual angle,
Combining target image length/width degree accounts for the ratio of image length/width degree, can obtain the individual morphology parameter of tested wild animal.
Further, observer is obtained at a distance from tested individual by range-finding telescope, is obtained by camera with this
Distance is the image of plane where the individual of method phasor.On horizontal (or vertical) direction the tangent value at camera lens visual angle be equal to camera lens with
Developed width (or height) half that the distance of plane where tested individual is represented with horizontal (or vertical) direction of image
The developed width (or height) represented on horizontal (or vertical) direction of the image is calculated according to this relationship for ratio.Measurement
Pixel value and pixel value on horizontal (or vertical) direction of image on individual level (or vertical) direction, and calculating two are tested in image
Person's ratio.The developed width represented on ratio and horizontal (or vertical) direction of corresponding image on level (or vertical) direction
The product of (or height) is the Morphologic Parameters actual value on tested individual level (or vertical) direction.
Further:
(1) correlativity between image developed width and photo distance is established, the reality at camera system lens visual angle is obtained
Actual value α；
10m long tape measure is set between camera lens and object under test, be located on camera lens axis centered on object under test,
The both horizontally and vertically graduated cross mark of subscript.Camera is moved along tape measure direction and shoots cross mark, is recorded
Scale numerical value of the camera at a distance from cross mark and in corresponding image both horizontally and vertically.It is horizontal to calculate each group of data
(or vertical) deflection scale numerical value and camera and the ratio of cross tag distance simultaneously seek arithmetic average, this arithmetic average
Value is the tangent value at horizontal 1/2 visual angle of (or vertical) direction camera, and then can calculate camera perspective actual value α.
(2) correlativity of telescope range-measurement system measured value and actual value is established；Ranging when closer for correction distance
The error that telescope generates；
It is in the cross mark on range-finding telescope lens axis in outdoor setting, in range-finding telescope and cross mark
The tape measure that length is not less than 50m is set between will, moves range-finding telescope along tape measure and records range-finding telescope reading value and skin
The practical scale value of ruler, establishes the Discussion of Linear Model of reading value and tape measure actual value, by telescope reading value when actual measurement
The correlation model is substituted into, true value is acquired.
(3) observation angle and position are selected according to Morphologic Parameters to be measured, establish under observation angle and position camera lens with
Geometrical relationship is observed between tested animal；
The distance between camera lens and tested animal l ' are obtained using range-finding telescope system, camera lens angle of inclination beta is recorded, then mirror
The distance between plane locating for plane locating for head and wild animal l are as follows:
L=l ' × cos β
Select suitable observation position, when field inspection, according to field natural conditions, tested animal Species structure feature,
Animal behavior feature and Morphologic Parameters to be measured select suitable observation position, and observed range is made to be in range-finding telescope system as far as possible
Within the system lesser distance range of error.
Tested individual is aimed at using range-finding telescope and reads to remove reading value, obtains range-finding telescope mirror through Systematic Error Correction
Actual value l ' between head and tested individual carries angle read functions using range-finding telescope or fixed can be read of telescope is inclined
On the holder at angle, camera lens angle of inclination beta is read, then the distance between plane locating for camera lens and tested individual l are as follows:
(4) measurement apart from while, the image of plane, note where using camera chain to obtain tested wild animal individual
Record video number.
(5) the developed width w of the image representation ken is calculated are as follows:
(6) film width pixel value w is measured in a computerp, wild animal individual level directional morphology index pixel
Value wt, then the actual value w of wild animal individual level directional morphology indexrAre as follows:
(7) after the morphological indexes for measuring said one direction (horizontal or vertical), another direction (horizontally or vertically)
Morphological indexes it is same.
The individual morphology parameter of the tested wild animal are as follows: body is long, body is wide, height, the length of outward sense, width
Deng.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention is easy to operate without directly contacting wild animal, and it is injured or dead not will cause wild animal.
2, the present invention compared with telemeasurement wild animal, not will cause the agitation of wild animal population.
3, the present invention obtains observer and wild animal distance using range-finding telescope, easy to operate.
4, the present invention establishes the correlativity of telescope range-measurement system measured value and actual value, can further reduce survey
Measure error.
5, the method for the present invention has the prospect for being applied to measurement other biological individual morphology parameter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is geometrical relationship figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
It measures the Shandong Rongcheng whooper swan Nature Reserve Hubei Nei Yue bank whooper swan height and body is wide, specifically such as
Under:
(1) correlativity between image developed width and photo distance is established, in Nikon P7000 digital camera lens
10m long tape measure is set between (6X focal length) and object under test, is located on camera lens axis centered on object under test, is horizontal and vertical
The graduated cross mark of direction subscript.Camera is moved along tape measure direction and shoots cross mark, records camera and cross
Scale numerical value in the distance of type mark and corresponding image both horizontally and vertically.Calculate horizontal (or vertical) direction of each group of data
Scale numerical value and camera and the ratio of cross tag distance simultaneously seek arithmetic average, this arithmetic average numerical value is level
The tangent value at 1/2 visual angle of (or vertical) direction camera, and then camera perspective actual value α=42.81 degree can be calculated.
(2) Nikon Forestery pro type range-finding telescope range-measurement system measured value pass related to actual value is established
System is on range-finding telescope lens axis for the correction distance error that range-finding telescope generates when closer in outdoor setting
The tape measure that length is 50m is arranged between range-finding telescope and cross mark, moves ranging along tape measure and looks in the distance for cross mark
Mirror simultaneously records range-finding telescope reading value and the practical scale value of tape measure, establishes the linearly related mould of reading value and tape measure actual value
Telescope reading value is substituted into the correlation model when actual measurement, acquires true value by type.
(3) in the whooper swan Nature Reserve of Shandong Rongcheng, whooper swan is inhabited in the moon shoal of Hubei bank and shallow
Pool selects observed range in the whooper swan individual ranging of 15-30m on bank and sandy beach.Nikon used in the present embodiment
Forestery pro type range-finding telescope automatically calibrating camera lens angle of inclination beta, after Systematic Error Correction, obtain camera lens with it is wild
The distance between plane l locating for animal (referring to Fig. 1).
(4) camera is fixed on tripod and holding is horizontal, and ranging while uses Nikon P7000 camera (6 times of cokes
Away from) image for being tested individual place plane is obtained, recording image numbers (being shown in Table 1, table 2).
(5) the developed width w of the image representation ken are as follows:
(6) film width pixel value w is measured in a computerp, Nikon Forestery pro of the present embodiment to use
The w of type range-finding telescopepIt is 3648, wild animal individual level directional morphology index pixel value wt, then wild animal is individual
The actual value w of horizontal direction morphological indexesrFor (being shown in Table 1, table 2):
Table Hubei in January bank whooper swan height
2 months Hubei bank whooper swan bodies of table are wide
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method of non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter, it is characterised in that: utilize telescope ranging
System obtains observer at a distance from tested wild animal, is obtained by camera chain using the distance as the wild animal of method phasor
Place flat image calculates the actual range of the image representation, combining target image length/width degree Zhan Ying according to known camera lens visual angle
As the ratio of length/width degree, the individual morphology parameter of tested wild animal can be obtained；
Specially (1) establishes the correlativity between image developed width and photo distance, obtains camera system lens visual angle
Actual value α；
(2) correlativity of telescope range-measurement system measured value and actual value is established；Ranging is looked in the distance when closer for correction distance
The error that mirror generates；
(3) observation angle and position are selected according to Morphologic Parameters to be measured, establish the camera lens under observation angle and position and be tested
Geometrical relationship is observed between animal；
The distance between camera lens and tested animal l ' are obtained using range-finding telescope system, camera lens angle of inclination beta is recorded, then camera lens institute
Locate the distance between plane locating for plane and wild animal l are as follows:
L=l ' × cos β
(4) measurement apart from while, the image of plane, records shadow where using camera chain to obtain tested wild animal individual
As number；
(5) the developed width w of the image representation ken is calculated are as follows:
(6) film width pixel value w is measured in a computerp, wild animal individual level directional morphology index pixel value wt,
So actual value w of wild animal individual level directional morphology indexrAre as follows:
(7) after the morphological indexes for measuring said one direction (horizontally or vertically), the shape in another direction (horizontal or vertical)
State index is same.
2. the method for non-contact measurement wild animal individual morphology parameter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State the individual morphology parameter of tested wild animal are as follows: body is long, body is wide, height, the length of outward sense, width.
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