CN106672724A - Portable elevator safety performance monitoring system based on CAN bus - Google Patents
Portable elevator safety performance monitoring system based on CAN bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN106672724A CN106672724A CN201611195694.4A CN201611195694A CN106672724A CN 106672724 A CN106672724 A CN 106672724A CN 201611195694 A CN201611195694 A CN 201611195694A CN 106672724 A CN106672724 A CN 106672724A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
- B66B5/0025—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for maintenance or repair
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
- B66B5/0031—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40215—Controller Area Network CAN
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a portable elevator safety performance monitoring system based on a CAN bus. The system comprises an acceleration detection module, a noise detection module, a power detection module, a man-machine interaction module, an MCU master control module, a gateway module, a power supply module and other parts, wherein all the functional modules are provided with CAN bus interfaces; through CAN bus configuration, the functional modules can be configured according to the requirement of a field test and realize plug and play, and the structure of the detection system is more reliable and flexible; a CAN communication protocol is set up, and detection results are encrypted with MD5, so that the authenticity and traceability of information are ensured; and a remote server can supervise schedules of maintenance personnel and allocate tasks in real time, and thus is conductive to quickening the elevator detection process and improving the efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to elevator safety detection field, more particularly to a kind of portable elevator safety based on CAN
Can monitoring system.
Background technology
According to statistics, by the end of the year 2015, China reaching 4,000,000 with elevator recoverable amount, and with annual 20% or so
Ratio increases, and elevator recoverable amount, annual production, annual increment have occupied the first in the world, and China has become global maximum elevator
Market.
And in recent years, elevator quantity cumulative year after year of the service life more than 10 years becomes potential safety hazard height, ensures that pressure is big
" old elevator ", in the prosperity city such as Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, the ratio of old elevator reached in 10% with elevator
More than.2014, State General Administration for Quality Supervision was spot-check to 2523 of drug in some provinces using 15 years and the old elevator of the above, knot
Fruit has 7% to there is larger potential safety hazard.Hangzhou is the maximum city of Zhejiang elevator recoverable amount, there is more than a 7.4 ten thousand platform elevators, only 2014
1 year, Hangzhou connect altogether elevator call for help 5.6 ten thousand, averagely " to drag for " 18 people from elevator daily.2015, the whole nation was sent out altogether
Raw elevator accident 58, dead 46 people.It can be seen that elevator safety situation very severe.
It is " three points are leaned on product, and seven points by safeguarding " that elevator industry has a generally acknowledged saying, and repair and maintenance are in elevator life cycle
Key link, elevator safety is largely dependent upon repair and maintenance quality.《Elevator uses management and maintaining rule (TSG
T5001-2009)》By elevator repair and maintenance be divided into first quarter moon, season, half a year and year 4 kinds, and list respectively different repair and maintenance contents with
Correspondence is required.Wherein, vibrations without exception and abnormal noise, gate when semimonthly daily repair and maintenance project is run including traction machine
Switch normally waits 28.The repair and maintenance in season are required in addition to first quarter moon repair and maintenance requirement is met, also 13 specialized contents, half a year
Require that by that analogy content increases step by step with the repair and maintenance in year.For different repair and maintenance contents, the equipment that carries also phase not to the utmost is needed
Together, it is accomplished by using three axis accelerometer and sound meter as detected traction machine noiseless whether without friction in daily repair and maintenance, and sedan-chair
Railway carriage or compartment weighing device is annual repair and maintenance project, and corresponding instrument need not be just carried at ordinary times.
《Elevator maintenance maintenance safety management specification (DB33T 728-2016)》Point out, accredited operating personnel safeguards per capita guarantor
Foster elevator quantity should not be more than 30.But in practice, there is the situation of company's overload operation, such repair and maintenance personnel divide
Time on every elevator will shrink significantly, it is difficult to cover repair and maintenance program, individual persons may simply with having a glance at formula
Check, or even falsify inspection result.It is therefore desirable to the stroke of repair and maintenance personnel is understood in real time, to exercise supervision.
Currently used elevator detecting instrument has been evolved into from common single survey tool and can measure various numerical value
Electronic equipment, such as:Tachymeter, sound meter, electronic vernier caliper, clamp on amperemeter etc., difference detection speed, noise, diameter
With the data such as electric current.Although these instruments can meet each requirement, using complicated, the high rapid wear of valency, the unification of its performance
Also result in detection inconvenience, the common fault of inefficiency.Therefore, in order that comprehensive careful, the detection data reliability of elevator inspection project
And with operability, exploitation novel elevator detecting instrument has been the task of top priority.
The ADIASYSTEM of German TUV companies is the classical equipment in the detection of German elevator, by notebook computer and multiple
Sensor measurement module is constituted.The parameter that can be measured and record has time, operation, speed, acceleration, vibrations, pull strength, liquid
The terraced pressure of piezoelectricity, the power of elevator door and kinetic energy etc..But data record and memory space all very littles, constrain and exist for a long time
Line is observed and fault pre-alarming forecast function, and user operation, data display depend on external PC, and on-the-spot test line is numerous and diverse, no
Suitable long-time on-line testing, and do not possess noise measuring function.
At present, carry out elevator running performance using the EVA625 in the U.S. mostly in the world to test, EVA625 is with 8 single-chip microcomputers
For core, 4 memory spaces of passage 700 seconds and Off-line data analysis pattern cannot meet high efficiency, the need of high precision measurement analysis
Will.
Hangzhou MI-7004E elevator running performances analysis tester is industrial computer and 4 parameter signals based on DSP and FPGA
Sampling, process circuit are integrated in an instrument, can complete the on-line checkings such as acceleration, noise, wheel speeds and off-line analysiss work(
Can, portability increases.But have that opening speed is slow, instrument reliability is relatively low, parameter can only be tested one by one, the testing time
The deficiencies such as long and instrument cost height.
Patent of invention " the elevator faults detecting system based on wireless communication technique " (application number 201410417048.2), carries
Go out a kind of detection car pressure and the device for judging whether someone, signals collecting node is wireless with processor by ZigBee technology
Communication.
Patent of invention " a kind of elevator health status detection means and method " (application number 201510742969.0), proposes inspection
Data are passed to server and are processed by the parameters such as vibration measuring is dynamic, power, load-carrying, each module by gateway.
Patent of invention " elevator safety performance method for testing and analyzing and its device " (application number 201610074374.7), proposes
The measurement modules such as UART connection accelerometers, noise, the power with single-chip microcomputer, are shown with USB connection panel computers.
It is above-mentioned to benefit our pursuits, the UART networkings carried using ZigBee wireless technologys or single-chip microcomputer are proposed, detection is vibrated, is made an uproar
The parameters such as sound, power.Exploration has certain reference value, but achievement still suffers from limitation.As instrumental function is not perfect enough, composition is tied
Structure underaction, it is impossible to meet the requirement that distinct device is carried for different repair and maintenance contents, increase repair and maintenance personnel burden.
CAN (Control Area Network) is released earliest by German BOSCH companies, is measured and is held for automotive interior
Data communication between row part, is appointed as international standard by ISO International Standards Organization.Due to its remarkable performance, pole
High reliability and cheap price, CAN is widely used in automobile, aviation, Industry Control, Medical Instruments, security protection etc.
Various fields.CAN simple structure, transmission is reliable, and real-time is high;With multi-main construction, equal, the convenience of each node
Region networking, bus utilization is high;Message is short frame structure and have hardware CRC check, and it is little to be disturbed probability, corrupt data rate pole
It is low.Therefore, with CAN technology, configuration has many advantages in elevator safety performance monitoring system.
Fieldbus networks Communication Model has done simplification to OSI structures, generally includes physical layer, data link layer and application
Layer.The underlying protocol of CAN defines physical layer and data link layer, but is not specified by application layer, to carry out efficient
Communication also needs to further development and application layer protocol.At present, the Business agreement based on CAN mainly have DeviceNet and
Two kinds of agreements of CANopen, but because both buses are developed based on versatility purpose, structure is relative complex,
CANopen needs to define device object dictionary (Object Dictionary), and DeviceNet must first set up connection could be led to
Letter, for elevator detecting system is so special, for the relatively simple occasion of communication process and improper.
Md5 encryption technology is widely used in field of digital signature, it can by whole file as a big text message,
Scaling method is become by irreversible character string, a unique MD5 informative abstract is produced.The process of this file is propagated afterwards
In, as long as the content of file there occurs that any type of change (is drawn including circuit is unstable in artificial modification or downloading process
Error of transmission for rising etc.), when MD5 is recalculated to this file it finds that informative abstract is differed, it is possible thereby to judge
Whether the file for obtaining is tampered.
The content of the invention
For existing elevator detecting instrument function is not perfect enough, structure underaction situations such as, the present invention proposes one kind
Portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:A kind of portable elevator safety based on CAN
Performance monitoring system, including:Acceleration detection module:Acceleration in detection running process of elevator in three mutually perpendicular directions
Degree, and the acceleration of elevator, speed, displacement, vibration parameters in prediction on such basis;Noise detection module:Detection running process of elevator
In noise;Power detection module:Power in detection running process of elevator, with reference to elevator speed, calculates elevator balanced
Coefficient;Human-computer interaction module:Show and record each parameter measurements;MCU main control modules:Receive the letter from each detection module
Breath, calculating is sent to human-computer interaction module after processing, and performs record;Gateway module:Communicated with external system;Power supply mould
Block:Power supply is provided for each module.
MCU main control modules carry CAN interface and blue tooth interface, for communicating with other modules.MCU main control modules are certainly
Dynamic identification is articulated in each functional module in CAN, functional module can continuous hot-line insertion and extraction, plug and play, without the need for additionally arranging;
Acceleration detection module, noise detection module, power detection module, gateway module carry CAN interface, for MCU
Main control module communicates;Human-computer interaction module carries blue tooth interface, for communicating with MCU main control modules.
A CAN peripheral hardware table is safeguarded in MCU main control modules, preset content is acceleration detection module, noise measuring
The ID and working condition of each functional module such as module, power detection module, gateway module, arranges filter in CAN controller
Screening scope be all ID being stored in peripheral hardware table and come from peripheral hardware request distribution ID signals.If in receiving peripheral hardware table
The information of functional module, then receive, and this peripheral state is set to online, while corresponding functional module is enabled, if continuing
A period of time does not receive the information of this module, then be set to its state offline, while shielding corresponding functional module.If receiving
To request distribution ID signals, MCU main control modules first inquire about in peripheral hardware table the whether equipment of existing same type, if existing or outer
If table is full, then ignore this request, and no longer respond this equipment, if not existing, update peripheral hardware table, add this equipment, and give
Its distribution ID, prepares receive information.
Functional module carries itself initial ID, if this ID is present in the peripheral hardware table of MCU main control modules, this ID is constant,
Otherwise distribute ID by MCU main control modules.Filter in the CAN controller of functional module only screens the ID of MCU main control modules, no
Respond other modules.
Power detection module is divided into power measurement portion and CAN interface part, and power measurement portion is placed on elevator
Machine room, CAN interface is partially disposed in car, is carried out data transmission by radio communication between two parts.
CAN adopts self-defining CAN communication agreement, i.e. CAN application layer protocols, communication only MCU main control modules with
Carry out between functional module.The reference format of Frame includes identifier and the 0-64 of 11 in self-defining CAN communication agreement
The data field of position and other control, check bit, identifier therein and data field are the main bodys for defining CAN application layer protocols.
1st expression function code of this agreement regulation identifier, 2-3 positions represent device type, and 4-7 positions represent device id, remaining 4 guarantors
Stay;The function code represents Content of Communication for transmission data or request distribution ID;When communication equipment is measurement sensor, it is stipulated that
Data field is 32, because single precision floating datum and shaping number are 32, rear 4 expressions variable ID of identifier;When communication sets
During for being other functions module such as gateway, it is stipulated that data field is 64, all for transmission information.
Human-computer interaction module carries map, GPS location and mobile communication function, the server of distal end can by with it is man-machine
The communication of interactive module, obtains the position of elevator safety performance monitoring system, and then the position to repair and maintenance personnel, activity duration are entered
Row supervision and in real time distribution task, repair and maintenance personnel can quickly position destination by map.
Measurement data is stored in human-computer interaction module, and the MD5 values of calculation document with document form, by MD5 by man-machine
The mobile network of interactive module uploads onto the server, and as the voucher of initial data, prevents repair and maintenance personnel altered data afterwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:Apparatus of the present invention are integrated with the functional modules such as elevator parameter detection and communication, lead to
CAN configuration is crossed, configuration feature module, plug and play on demand can be required according to on-the-spot test, realize a tractor serves several purposes, reduced
Operation and maintenance expenses are used;CAN communication agreement has been worked out, communication efficiency has been improve;Md5 encryption is carried out to testing result, it is ensured that information it is true
Reality and can review;Remote server can supervise repair and maintenance personnel stroke and real-time distribution task, be conducive to accelerating elevator inspection
Flow gauge, improves efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart based on the portable elevator security performance monitoring system of CAN;
Fig. 2 (a) is the structured flowchart of power detection module;
Fig. 2 (b) is the circuit diagram of power detection module;
Fig. 3 is the CAN interface circuit diagram of each functional module;
Fig. 4 is the reference format of CAN Frames.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the invention will be further described.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN that the present invention is provided, bag
Include:Acceleration detection module 100, noise detection module 200, power detection module 300, gateway module 400, human-computer interaction module
700th, MCU main control modules 600 and power module 500.
Acceleration detection module 300 adopts 3-axis acceleration sensor AKE394B-02, range ± 2g, and output interface is
RS485, by the assistant SCM STM32F103 with CAN controller and digital isolator ADUM1201, CAN transceiver
TJA1050, is articulated in CAN.Sensor is placed on lift car central authorities during test, and Z axis are perpendicular to floor, and X-axis is just right
Gate, in space motion in the component of acceleration of the axles of XYZ tri-, main control MCU passes through numerical differentiation, Simpson's numerical value to output elevator
Integrating meter calculates acceleration, speed, displacement and vibration.
Noise detection module 200 adopts sound meter GM1356 measurement noise signals, range 30-130dB, by sound level during test
Meter is placed on the position of car floor overcentre 1.5m.Inside it be integrated with amplification filtering etc. processing procedure, can directly by
Assistant SCM STM32F103 reads noise measurement in the form of PWM, then receives through digital isolator ADUM1201, CAN
Send out device TJA1050 to be articulated in CAN.
Power detection module 300 is made up of two parts, shown in such as Fig. 2 (a), 2 (b), including ADE7758 power measurement chips
310th, using the power measurement MCU 320 of STM32F103 chips, using the MCU with CAN controller of STM32F103 chips
330th, the RF433 radio communications of the RF433 wireless communication modules 350, model A05 of TJA1050 CAN transceivers 340, model A05
Module 360, ADUM1201 digital isolators 370.Power measurement portion is placed on the alternating current of whole elevator device well headroom
By machine, alternating current generator active power is gathered using power measurement chip 310, and power measurement single-chip microcomputer 320 is given by result;
CAN interface is partially disposed in car, is mainly received by the single-chip microcomputer 330 with CAN controller and digital isolator 370, CAN
Send out device 340 to constitute.Carried out data transmission by the RF433 wireless modules with higher transmission distance between two single-chip microcomputers.
The functional module of remaining changeable, such as gateway module, with CAN interface, as shown in Figure 3.Detection module
Sensor or the special chip of other functions module first communicate with the assistant SCM STM32F103 with CAN controller, general
Data output, then by digital isolator ADUM1201, CAN transceiver TJA1050, forward the data to CAN, so as to
Main control MCU is communicated.MCU main control modules automatic detection simultaneously recognizes each functional module in CAN, and then and identified
Module communicates, and receives detection data, the auxiliary parameter being input into reference to historical data and by human-computer interaction module, application safety
Assessment algorithm carries out preliminary elevator safety assessment, finally measurement data and assessment result is sent to into human-computer interaction module and is presented
To user.
Human-computer interaction module supports bluetooth 4.0 from 10 inches of ARIXTRA panel computer, and network type is 4G, and band GPS determines
Bit function.Panel computer can be communicated by bluetooth with main control MCU, show and record elevator detection data.Can after insertion sim cards
To communicate with far-end server, the task distribution from server is received, and place is shown on map, before facilitating repair and maintenance personnel
It is past.Server end periodically receives the GPS information of panel computer, and repair and maintenance personnel position and activity duration are determined with this, enters
And its stroke is exercised supervision.
Elevator safety detection parameter CAN communication agreement, i.e. CAN have been worked out in the design of elevator safety performance monitoring system
Application layer protocol, communication is only carried out between MCU main control modules and functional module.The reference format of CAN Frames such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, including the identifier of 11 and the data field of 0-64 positions and other controls, verification equipotential, identifier therein and data field
It is the main body for defining CAN application layer protocols.Identifier uniquely identify message and carry the implication of data, and define static state
Message prior power, as arbitration domain major part be used for bus contention.Therefore, identifier code structure is for the reality of communication
The performance indications such as Shi Xing, reliability affect great.The 1st of this agreement regulation identifier is function code, specifically refers to 0 and represents this
Frame is used to transmit data, and 1 represents this frame for asking the 2-3 positions of ID, identifier to represent device type, and 4-7 positions represent device id,
Remaining 4 reservations.When communication equipment is measurement sensor, it is stipulated that data field is 32, because of single precision floating datum and shaping number
32 are, rear 4 expressions variable ID of identifier;When communication equipment is other functions module such as gateway, it is stipulated that data field
For 64, all for transmission information.For example when acceleration detection module sends data to main control MCU, identifier the 1st is 0
This frame is represented for transmitting data, identifier 2-3 positions determine that Frame carrys out measurement sensor, and 4-7 positions represent sensor to add
Velometer, 8-11 positions represent that velocity amplitude is the value of X, Y or Z axis, the accekeration of 32 expression single-precision floating point types before data field.
Measurement data is stored in human-computer interaction module in database file form, human-computer interaction module simultaneously calculation document
MD5 values, and uploaded onto the server by mobile network, as the voucher of initial data, recalculate after repair and maintenance personnel return
The MD5 values of raw data file, compare with the MD5 for uploading before, prevent repair and maintenance personnel altered data afterwards.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN, it is characterised in that include:
Acceleration detection module:Acceleration in detection running process of elevator in three mutually perpendicular directions, and electricity in prediction on such basis
Acceleration, speed, displacement, the vibration parameters of ladder;
Noise detection module:Noise in detection running process of elevator;
Power detection module:Power in detection running process of elevator, with reference to elevator speed, calculates balance coefficient of elevator;
Human-computer interaction module:Show and record each parameter measurements;
MCU main control modules:The information from each detection module is received, calculating is sent to human-computer interaction module after processing, and performs
Record;
Gateway module:Communicated with external system;
Power module:Power supply is provided for each module;
The MCU main control modules carry CAN interface and blue tooth interface, for communicating with other modules.MCU main control modules are certainly
Dynamic identification is articulated in each functional module in CAN, functional module can continuous hot-line insertion and extraction, plug and play, without the need for additionally arranging;
The acceleration detection module, noise detection module, power detection module, gateway module carry CAN interface, use
In communicating with MCU main control modules;
The human-computer interaction module carries blue tooth interface, for communicating with MCU main control modules.
2. the portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
A CAN peripheral hardware table is maintained in MCU main control modules, preset content is acceleration detection module, noise detection module, work(
The ID and working condition of each functional module such as rate detection module, gateway module, arranges the screening model of filter in CAN controller
Enclose for all ID being stored in peripheral hardware table and come from the request distribution ID signals of peripheral hardware.If receive being present in work(in peripheral hardware table
The information of energy module, then receive, and this peripheral state is set to online, while corresponding functional module is enabled, if continuing one
The section time does not receive the information of this module, then be set to its state offline, while shielding corresponding functional module.If receiving
Request distribution ID signals, MCU main control modules first inquire about in peripheral hardware table the whether equipment of existing same type, if existing or peripheral hardware
Table is full, then ignore this request, and no longer responds this equipment, if not existing, updates peripheral hardware table, adds this equipment, and to it
Distribution ID, prepares receive information.
Functional module carries itself initial ID, if this ID is present in the peripheral hardware table of MCU main control modules, this ID is constant, otherwise
Distribute ID by MCU main control modules.Filter in the CAN controller of functional module only screens the ID of MCU main control modules, is not responding to
Other modules.
3. the portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Power detection module is divided into power measurement portion and CAN interface part, and power measurement portion is placed on elevator(lift) machine room, CAN
EBI is partially disposed in car, is carried out data transmission by radio communication between two parts.
4. the portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The CAN adopts self-defining CAN communication agreement, i.e. CAN application layer protocols, and communication is only in MCU main control modules and function
Carry out between module.The reference format of Frame includes identifier and the 0-64 positions of 11 in self-defining CAN communication agreement
Data field and other control, check bit, identifier therein and data field are the main bodys for defining CAN application layer protocols.This association
1st expression function code of view regulation identifier, 2-3 positions represent device type, and 4-7 positions represent device id, remaining 4 reservations;
The function code represents Content of Communication for transmission data or request distribution ID;When communication equipment is measurement sensor, it is stipulated that number
It is 32 according to domain, because single precision floating datum and shaping number are 32, rear 4 expressions variable ID of identifier;Work as communication equipment
For other functions module such as gateway when, it is stipulated that data field be 64, all for transmission information.
5. the portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Human-computer interaction module carries map, GPS location and mobile communication function, the server of distal end can by with human-computer interaction module
Communication, obtain elevator safety performance monitoring system position, and then the position to repair and maintenance personnel, activity duration exercise supervision and
Distribute task in real time, repair and maintenance personnel can quickly position destination by map.
6. the portable elevator security performance monitoring system based on CAN according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Measurement data is stored in human-computer interaction module, and the MD5 values of calculation document with document form, and MD5 is passed through into human-computer interaction module
Mobile network upload onto the server, as the voucher of initial data, prevent repair and maintenance personnel altered data afterwards.
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