CN106662053A - 燃料喷射器 - Google Patents

燃料喷射器 Download PDF

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CN106662053A
CN106662053A CN201580036318.8A CN201580036318A CN106662053A CN 106662053 A CN106662053 A CN 106662053A CN 201580036318 A CN201580036318 A CN 201580036318A CN 106662053 A CN106662053 A CN 106662053A
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coil
control valve
magnetic sheet
armature
face
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CN106662053B (zh
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T·蒂博
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Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
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Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0014Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0028Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic
    • F02M63/0029Valves characterised by the valve actuating means hydraulic using a pilot valve controlling a hydraulic chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0003Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
    • F02M63/0007Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012Valves
    • F02M63/0031Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0056Throttling valves, e.g. having variable opening positions throttling the flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644One-way valve
    • F16K31/0655Lift valves
    • F16K31/0658Armature and valve member being one single element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/07Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding sticking of valve or armature, e.g. preventing hydraulic or magnetic sticking of parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F02M51/0653Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于控制燃料喷射器(10)的阀针(42)的运动的控制阀(16),该控制阀(16)包括能够固定至喷射器壳体(12)的线圈(18),该喷射器壳体与能在打开位置和关闭位置之间移动的衔铁(20,22,26)接合。衔铁(20,22,26)包括磁板(22),形成阀活塞的杆(26)通过磁板的中心垂直于磁板(22)延伸到远端(30)。所述活塞(26)滑动进入喷射器壳体(12)的孔中,衔铁(22)和活塞(26)的移动打开或关闭加压燃料流动的通道。衔铁(20,22,26)设有用于快速排出被捕获在线圈(18)和磁板(22)之间的燃料的装置。

Description

燃料喷射器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃料喷射器,更具体地,涉及燃料喷射器的控制阀。
背景技术
现有技术中已知的燃料喷射器包括圆柱形本体,阀针被布置在该圆柱形本体中,从而在允许燃料喷射进入燃烧室的打开位置和阻止所述喷射的关闭位置之间轴向滑动。阀针的移动是通过控制阀液压地控制的,该控制阀包括与磁衔铁协作的固定线圈,磁衔铁能够在当线圈被通电的时候到达的打开位置(也是指“上部”位置或靠近线圈的位置)以及当线圈不再被通电的时候到达的关闭位置(或“下部”或“远端”位置)之间移动。
衔铁的整体形状效仿蘑菇,其帽部通过圆形磁板形成且其足部通过形成阀活塞杆形成。板被布置靠近线圈且活塞从板的中心延伸,远离线圈。
当线圈未被通电的时候,衔铁通过布置在板和线圈之间的压缩弹簧被推回到关闭位置。然后,高压燃料被捕获在控制腔中且高压燃料产生对阀针的关闭的力,从而保持该阀针在关闭位置。
当线圈被通电的时候,线圈吸引磁板朝向上部位置且打开排出通道,被捕获在控制腔中的燃料可通过该排出通道释放,从而所述腔室中的压力下降以允许阀针移动进入打开位置。
从控制腔室释放的燃料占用围绕衔铁可用的整个容积且尤其地被发现在线圈和磁板之间的空间中,在此空间中,燃料可能干涉衔铁运动。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种用于控制燃料喷射器中的阀针的运动的控制阀而部分解决了这些问题。该控制阀包括固定至喷射器本体的线圈,该线圈与能够在当所述线圈被通电时靠近线圈的打开位置和当线圈未被通电时远离线圈的关闭位置之间移动的衔铁协作。衔铁包括磁板,阀杆从所述磁板的中心在与所述线圈相反的方向上垂直于所述磁板延伸到远端。所述阀杆滑动进入喷射器本体的孔中,衔铁和活塞的移动打开或关闭加压燃料流通的通道。而且,有利地,衔铁设有用于迅速排出被捕获在线圈和磁板之间的燃料的装置。
排出装置包括通向所述磁板的第一面的排出通道,所述第一面被布置为朝向线圈,排出通道延伸直到出口,燃料能通过该出口朝低压回路扩散。
更具体地,排出通道在所述磁板的第一面的中心开口且在阀活塞中轴向延伸。
在一个实施方式中,排出通道的长度刚好延伸超过磁板的厚度,并且至少一个辅助通道在活塞中从所述排出通道径向地延伸到所述出口,所述出口位于活塞的周边,靠近磁板的与第一面相反的第二面。
在另一个实施方式中,排出通道从活塞一端轴向延伸到另一端,从磁板的第一面的中心轴向延伸到活塞的远端。
在替代方式中,轴向的排出通道包括形成节流孔的具有较小横截面的区段,使得燃料中扩散的压力波被抑制。
节流孔可能被布置在排出通道得与磁板的第一面和活塞的远端间隔的中间位置。
在另一个替代方式中,节流孔可能被布置在排出通道的其中一端附近。
本发明也涉及一种包括根据前述段落实现的控制阀的燃料喷射器。
附图说明
现在参照随后的附图描述本发明的实施方式。
图1是现有技术中已知的喷射器的轴向截面。
图2是根据本发明的第一实施方式的控制阀的细节。
图3是根据本发明的第二实施方式的控制阀的细节。
图4、图5和图6是图3中的第二实施方式补充的替代方式。
具体实施方式
参考图1描述现有技术中已知的喷射器10。该喷射器沿着主轴线延伸且包括由多个同轴区段组成的本体12,所述多个同轴区段通过喷射器螺母14彼此紧靠保持为整体。控制阀16布置在本体12中,该控制阀包括固定在本体12中的线圈18以及可移动的杆/衔铁组合件20,该杆/衔铁装置本身包括:板形式的磁衔铁22,该磁衔铁的圆形第一面24或上面朝向线圈18;以及与板22成整体的形成阀活塞26的阀杆26,该阀杆从第二面28或与第一面24相反的底面的中心垂直延伸到远端30。尽管多个替换方式是可能的,但是被选择的实施例显示活塞26紧固到衔铁22中,杆26的上端在衔铁22的第一面24上露出。另外,弹簧32被轴向布置在线圈18中心且在基部和其壳体之间被压缩,而且杆26的上端永远吸引杆/衔铁组合件20朝向远离线圈18的位置。
衔铁20可在壳体34内移动,该壳体包括接收板的上部腔室36和孔38,活塞26以滑动方式在该孔中被调整。衔铁20在打开位置或上部位置以及关闭位置或下部位置之间移动,预先被确定为远离线圈。
关于图中的方向,喷射器10的下部部分构成喷射喷嘴40,该喷射器喷嘴包括在孔44中在关闭位置和完全打开位置之间滑动的阀针42,在关闭位置,阀针的尖端与喷嘴座协作以防止燃料喷射,在完全打开位置,该尖端远离喷嘴座,从而允许燃料喷射。取决于被布置在喷嘴40顶部的控制腔46中的燃料的压力,阀针42被液压控制,阀针42的头部48显露在该控制腔中。所述控制腔46一方面连接至高压通道50(燃料通过该高压通道到来),而在另一方面,连接至阀活塞的孔38,当线圈18被通电且衔铁20处于打开位置的时候,燃料通过阀活塞的孔38排出。
参考图2,现在描述本发明的第一实施方式,该第一实施方式旨在允许可能位于线圈18和板22的第一面24之间的或弹簧壳体32中的燃料快速排出。
为做到这个,控制阀16的衔铁20设有排出通道52,该排出通道包括在活塞26中从板的第一面24的中心轴向延伸到基部56的主区段54,该主区段54的长度刚好超过板22的厚度E。排出通道可能包括在活塞26中从主区段54的基部56径向延伸到位于活塞26的周边上的出口60的辅助通道58。两条辅助通道58被表示在图2中但具有仅一条辅助通道或相反地多于两条的替代方式是完全可能的。在图2中可被看出,出口60靠近板的第二面28或形成在内线圈板与腔室36的基部的之间的流体连通。此外,为使得允许迅速地排出燃料,通道52在板的第一面24中提供宽阔的开口。
参考图3,现在描述本发明的第二实施方式。在这种情况下排出通道52在活塞26的核心中轴向延伸,在板的第一面24和活塞的远端30两端中开口。
图4、图5和图6是图3中的第二实施方式的三个替代方式,这些替代方式允许通过燃料扩散的压力波被抑制。为达到这个,排出通道52包括相对于排出通道52的横截面具有小横截面的节流孔62。节流孔62可能被布置在靠近活塞的远端30(如图4所示),或更靠近板的第一面24(如图5所示),或在关于活塞中心的任何中间位置(如图6所示)。
下面的附图标记用于说明书中:
E 板的厚度
10 喷射器
12 喷射器的本体
14 喷射器螺母
16 控制阀
18 线圈
20 衔铁
22 磁板
24 磁板的第一面
26 阀活塞
28 磁板的第二面
30 活塞的远端
32 弹簧
34 壳体
36 腔室
38 阀活塞的孔
40 喷射喷嘴
42 阀针
44 阀针的孔
46 控制腔
48 阀针的头部
50 高压通道
52 排出通道
54 通道的主区段
56 第一区段的基部
58 辅助通道
60 辅助通道的出口
62 节流孔

Claims (9)

1.一种用于控制燃料喷射器(10)的阀针(42)的运动的控制阀(16),该控制阀(16)包括能够固定至喷射器本体(12)并且能够与衔铁(20,22,26)协作的线圈(18),该衔铁能够在当所述线圈被通电时靠近所述线圈(18)的打开位置和当所述线圈未被通电时远离所述线圈(18)的关闭位置之间移动,所述衔铁(20,22,26)包括磁板(22),阀杆(26)从所述磁板的中心在与所述线圈(18)相反的方向上垂直于所述磁板(22)延伸到远端(30),所述阀杆(26)滑动进入所述喷射器本体(12)的孔中,所述衔铁(22)和所述阀杆(26)的移动打开或关闭加压燃料流通的通道,
其特征在于,所述衔铁(20,22,26)设有被捕获在所述线圈(18)和所述磁板(22)之间的燃料的迅速排出装置(52)。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的控制阀(16),其中,所述迅速排出装置(52)包括通向所述磁板的第一面(24)的排出通道(52),所述第一面被布置为朝向所述线圈(18),所述排出通道(52)延伸直到出口(60),燃料能通过该出口朝低压回路扩散。
3.根据权利要求2所述的控制阀(16),其中,所述排出通道(52)在所述磁板的所述第一面的中心开口且在所述阀活塞(26)中轴向延伸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的控制阀(16),其中,所述排出通道(52)的长度刚好延伸超过所述磁板(22)的厚度(E),并且至少一个辅助通道(58)在所述活塞(26)中从所述排出通道(52)径向地延伸到所述出口(60),所述出口位于所述活塞(26)的周边,靠近所述磁板(22)的与所述第一面(24)相反的第二面(28)。
5.根据权利要求1到3中任一项所述的控制阀(16),其中,所述排出通道(52)从所述活塞(26)的一端轴向延伸到另一端,从所述磁板的第一面(24)的中心轴向延伸到所述活塞的远端(30)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的控制阀(16),其中,轴向的所述排出通道包括形成节流孔(62)的具有较小横截面的区段,使得燃料中扩散的压力波被抑制。
7.根据权利要求6所述的控制阀(16),其中,所述节流孔(62)被布置在所述排出通道(52)中的与所述磁板的所述第一面(24)和所述活塞的远端(30)间隔的中间位置。
8.根据权利要求6所述的控制阀(16),其中,所述节流孔(62)被布置在所述排出通道(52)的其中一端附近。
9.一种燃料喷射器(10),该燃料喷射器包括根据前述权利要求中任一项实现的控制阀(16)。
CN201580036318.8A 2014-07-07 2015-06-05 燃料喷射器 Active CN106662053B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1456541 2014-07-07
FR1456541A FR3023326B1 (fr) 2014-07-07 2014-07-07 Injecteur de carburant
PCT/EP2015/062571 WO2016005119A1 (fr) 2014-07-07 2015-06-05 Injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

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CN106662053A true CN106662053A (zh) 2017-05-10
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EP3167180B1 (fr) 2020-11-11
JP6604634B2 (ja) 2019-11-13
US10309361B2 (en) 2019-06-04
CN106662053B (zh) 2020-04-17
US20170184066A1 (en) 2017-06-29
JP2017520717A (ja) 2017-07-27
FR3023326B1 (fr) 2016-07-01
EP3167180A1 (fr) 2017-05-17
FR3023326A1 (fr) 2016-01-08
WO2016005119A1 (fr) 2016-01-14

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