CN106651770A - Method for reconstructing multispectral super-resolution imaging based on Lapras norm regularization - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reconstructing multispectral super-resolution imaging based on Lapras norm regularization, which mainly solves a problem that a reconstructed image is low in reliability and has wrong color blocks in the prior art. The technical scheme comprises the steps of 1, performing interpolation processing on a low-resolution image so as to acquire an initial image; 2, performing iteration on the initial image according to a set iterative formula; 3, blocking the iterated image and matching similar blocks; 4, combining the matched similar blocks into image matrix blocks; 5, performing singular value decomposition on the image matrix blocks, and updating the similar blocks by using an iterative shrinkage method; 6, combining the similar blocks to acquire updated image matrix blocks; and 6, combining the updated image matrix blocks into an image, and implementing super-resolution reconstruction for the image by iterations. The method disclosed by the invention reduces the wrong color blocks, effectively improves the reliability and the space resolution of the reconstructed image, and can be applied to reconstructing a high-resolution image from a low-resolution image.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of image processing, more particularly to a kind of multispectral super-resolution imaging reconstructing method, are used for
High-definition picture is reconstructed from low-resolution image.
Background technology
The reconstruct of super-resolution imaging, is to reconstruct high-definition picture by specific method to low-resolution image.It is logical
Often, the spatial high resolution and the high confidence level of multispectral image of image are obtained by the reconstruct of super-resolution imaging.Although existing
Super-resolution imaging reconstructing method can obtain higher spatial resolution image.But, existing super-resolution imaging reconstructing method
Occurs the color lump that has of mistake in the high resolution gray figure for reconstructing, such as accompanying drawing 4 (a), 4 (b), 4 (c) is shown.And for one
It is a little to require the aspects such as more accurate work, such as material analysis, identification discriminating, precise classification, need to improve spatial resolution
With multispectral image confidence level.
At present, without good solution on multispectral confidence level is improved.The method for improving spatial resolution is main
There are two kinds of effective methods.
First method is directly to carry out super resolution image reconstruct in spatial domain, and with this spatial high resolution figure is reconstructed
Picture.But because the reconstructing method have ignored the Spectral correlation of high-order, understand that the solution after reconstruct is suboptimal solution by mathematical analysis,
Therefore the method can not effectively improve the confidence level of image.
Second method is, first to image the conversion of RGB to YUV is carried out in Image Reconstruction, then carries out space oversubscription
Reconstruct is distinguished, spatial high resolution image is reconstructed with this.But this method Structure adaptation and between spectral coverage in terms of interband decorrelation
Property aspect Shortcomings, therefore the confidence level of image can not be effectively improved, also, in the conversion process by RGB to YUV, meeting
Making the corresponding locus of each component of R, G, B of image cannot align, and finally occur mistake in gray-scale map has color lump, causes
Image after reconstruct includes error message, and then can not accurately realize the reconstruct of image.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is, for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, to propose a kind of based on LaplceNorm regularization
Super-resolution reconstructing method, with reduce existing method reconstructed image appearance error message, improve image spatial resolution
And confidence level.
Embodiment of the present invention is so completed:
One kind is based on LaplceThe Image Super-resolution reconstructing method of norm regularization, comprises the steps:
(1) bicubic interpolation is carried out to low-resolution image, obtains initial image X(0);
(2) iterative formula is setWhereinL changes for maximum
Generation number,ForImage after secondary iteration, δ is iteration regular parameter;
(3) to initial pictures X(0)The figure X after first time iteration is obtained using the iterative formula of above-mentioned setting(1);
(4) by the image X after first time iteration(1)It is divided into M blocks, and S is obtained using block matching method to i-th pieceiIt is individual similar
Block matrix, remembers x(i,j)For i-th piece of j-th similar block matrix, then by this SiIndividual similar block is merged into i-th image array Xi, its
Middle i=1,2 ...., M, j=1,2 ..., Si;
(5) to image array XiUsing formula [U, Σ ', V]=SVD (Xi) singular value decomposition is carried out, obtain U, Σ ', V tri-
Individual split-matrix, wherein U are and image array XiRelated left orthogonal matrix, Σ ' is comprising image array XiSingular value it is unusual
Matrix, V is and image array XiRelated right orthogonal matrix;
(6) U obtained according to step (5), Σ ', V these three matrixes, using public Xi=USμ(∑′)VTUpdate image array
Xi, whereinIt is the soft-threshold computing to singular matrix Σ ', VTRepresent to right orthogonal matrix V's
Transposition, μlTake the third-largest characteristic value, k in singular value matrix Σ '1To set the parameter of first regular terms, max () is represented to it
Maximizing;
(7) similar block matrix x is updated using based on the method for reconstructing in full variational regularization(i,j)Obtain and update matrix
(8) calculate and update matrixMaximum γ of orderi,j;
(9) formula is utilizedTo updating matrixSingular value decomposition is carried out, U is obtained1, Σ1, V1Three
Split-matrix, wherein U1It is and updates matrixRelated left orthogonal matrix, Σ1It is comprising renewal matrixSingular value it is unusual
Matrix, V1It is and updates matrixRelated right orthogonal matrix;
(10) shrinkage operation formula is setTo similar block matrix x(i,j)Be updated, in formula, x be with
Similar block matrix x(i,j)Closest contraction matrix, H (∑s1) it is to make constraint Rank (x(i,j))≤ri,jThe hard threshold set up
Value computing, V1 TRepresentative pair and similar block matrix x(i,j)Related right orthogonal matrix V1Transposition, Rank (x(i,j)) represent similar block
Matrix x(i,j)Order;
(11) by i-th piece of SiIndividual similar block matrix merges, and obtains i-th image array Xi;
(12) by M image array XiMerge, obtain image X(1), return to step (2), repeat the above steps, until passing through
Super-resolution reconstructed image X is exported after L iteration(L)。
The present invention has compared with prior art advantages below
First:Improve the spatial resolution and confidence level of reconstructed image.
The present invention is on the basis of existing reconstructing method such as A+, BCSR, NCSR method, it is contemplated that the correlation on space structure
Property, update similar block matrix using iterative shrinkage method so that this method is in Y-PSNR PSNR and structural dependence
SSIM is performed better than, and effectively improves the spatial resolution and confidence level of image.
Second:Effectively reducing mistake has color lump.
The image that existing method is reconstructed occurs the color lump that has of mistake, and the present invention is special using second order Laplacian space
Property, and to similar block matrix addition of constraints, can effectively reduce mistake has color lump.
3rd:Image after reconstruct is more accurate.
There is any discrepancy for the spectral reflectivity curve of full resolution pricture that existing method is reconstructed and former full resolution pricture, and this
Bright method can well be fitted the spectral reflectivity curve of artwork, thus the image after reconstruct is more accurate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the original spectrum image that emulation is used;
Fig. 3 is to visualize the low-resolution image used when contrast experiment emulates;
Fig. 4 is respectively that Fig. 3 is reconstructed with existing A+ methods, BSSC methods, NSCR methods and the inventive method
Simulation result comparison diagram;
The original image that Fig. 5 is used when being trust verification experiment simulation
Fig. 6 is in trust verification experiment, with existing A+ methods, BSSC methods, NSCR methods and the inventive method
The spectral reflectivity curve figure drawn after being reconstructed to Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in detail with example
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention's realizes that step is as follows:
Step 1, initialization.
Down-sampling is carried out to the original spectrum image shown in Fig. 2 and processes acquisition low-resolution image Y as shown in Figure 3;
Bicubic interpolation is carried out to low-resolution image Y, i.e., the interlacing of low-resolution image matrix is compressed every row extraction
To sampling matrix, the sampling matrix of acquisition is utilized respectively in line direction and column directionCarry out three times
Interpolation obtains initial image X(0), in formula, n be interpolation point number, CkIt is k-th antiderivative value, h (x-xk) it is interpolation base letter
Number, the highest power of the Interpolation-Radix-Function is three times, and in domain of definition basic function single order. second dervative is continuous.
Initial pictures are carried out after first time iteration by step 2, and piecemeal, merging treatment are made successively, obtain image array.
(2a) iterative formula is setWherein,L is maximum
Iterations,ForImage after secondary iteration, δ is Iteration Regularized coefficient, and its value is 0.22;D (x) is represented under making to x
The function of sampling processing;DTX () represents the transposition of D (x);
(2b) the initial pictures X that step 1 is obtained(0)Utilize setting formula in (2a) to be iterated, obtain first time iteration
Image X afterwards(1);
(2c) by the image X after first time iteration(1)It is divided into M blocks, current block is calculated with adjacent block most using block matching method
Near block, obtains SiIndividual similar block matrix, remembers x(i,j)For i-th piece of j-th similar block matrix, then by this SiIndividual similar block is merged into
I-th image array Xi, wherein, i=1,2 ...., M, j=1,2 ..., Si。
Step 3, to image array XiSingular value decomposition is carried out, and updates the image array.
(3a) to image array XiUsing formula [U, Σ ', V]=SVD (Xi) singular value decomposition is carried out, obtain U, Σ ', V tri-
Individual split-matrix, wherein U are and image array XiRelated left orthogonal matrix, Σ ' is comprising image array XiSingular value it is unusual
Matrix, V is and image array XiRelated right orthogonal matrix;
(3b) U obtained according to step 3a, Σ ', V these three matrixes, using formula Xi=USμ(∑′)VTMore new images
Matrix Xi, wherein:
It is the soft-threshold computing to singular matrix Σ ',
k1To set the parameter of first regular terms, value is 0.5,
VTThe transposition to right orthogonal matrix V is represented,
μlTake the third-largest characteristic value in singular value matrix Σ ' so that the image array X for being obtainediLow-rank,
Max () is represented to its maximizing.
Step 4, using the method for reconstructing based on full variational regularization similar block matrix x is updated(i,j)。
Implementing for this step is formula in method for reconstructing according to full variational regularization:
Minimum problems are solved, is obtained and similar block matrix x(i,j)Away from
From nearest renewal matrixIn formula:
X is independent variable;Argmin () represents the function for making certain functional obtain minimum of a value;ρlIt is weight coefficient, value is
1;k2To set the parameter of second regular terms, value is 0.59;▽2X () is that the square that second order Laplace's operation is obtained is done to x
Battle array;||·||1,2RepresentNorm,RepresentNorm square.
Step 5, estimation updates matrixMaximum order.
Using inequality constraintsEstimation obtains updating matrixMaximum order γi,j;Wherein,
γkRepresent similar block matrix x(i,j)K-th singular value;Γ is given threshold value, and its value is second largest singular value and the third-largest
The mean value of singular value.
Step 6, to updating matrixSingular value decomposition is carried out, and updates similar block matrix x(i,j)。
(6a) formula is utilizedTo updating matrixSingular value decomposition is carried out, U is obtained1, Σ1, V1Three
Individual split-matrix, wherein U1It is and updates matrixRelated left orthogonal matrix, Σ1It is comprising renewal matrixSingular value it is strange
Different matrix, V1It is and updates matrixRight orthogonal matrix;
(6b) shrinkage operation formula is setTo similar block matrix x(i,j)It is updated, wherein:
It is and similar block matrix x(i,j)Closest contraction matrix,
H(Σ1) it is to make constraint Rank (x(i,j))≤ri,jThe hard -threshold computing set up,
Rank(x(i,j)) represent similar block matrix x(i,j)Order,
V1 TRepresentative pair and similar block matrix x(i,j)Related right orthogonal matrix V1Transposition.
Step 7, successively merges similar block x(i,j), image array Xi, L output super-resolution reconstructed image of iteration.
(7a) by the image X in step 2(1)It is divided into M blocks, for i-th piece, circulation obtains S j timeiIndividual similar block matrix
x(i,j), i-th image array X is obtained after being mergedi, by M image array XiImage X is obtained after merging(1), wherein i=1,
2 ...., M, j=1,2 ..., Si;
(7b) by image X(1)Substitute into the iterative formula set in step 2 and obtain image X(2), to image X(2)Execution step 2
~(7a), obtains new image X(2), step 2 is returned again to, perform successivelySecondary iteration, obtains theImage after secondary iteration
Wherein,L values are 200;
(7c) image is judgedIteration L time, if so, stops iteration, the full resolution pricture X after output reconstruct(L), if it is not, then continue to repeat step 2~(7a), until
The effect of the present invention can be further illustrated by following emulation
1. simulated conditions
The hardware test platform of this experiment is:Intel Core i7 CPU, dominant frequency 3.40GHz, internal memory 8GB;Software emulation
Platform is:Windows 7,64 bit manipulation systems and Matlab 2013b.
2. emulation experiment
Emulation 1:Contrast experiment,
The validity of method in order to verify the present invention, using the first eight spectrum picture disclosed in Colombia as experiment institute
The original spectrum image for needing, down-sampling is carried out to it and obtains eight low-resolution image A~H.
With the inventive method and existing A+ methods, NCSR methods, BSSC methods low-resolution image A~H is entered respectively
Line reconstruction obtains the high-definition picture a~h after eight reconstruct, respectively in σ2=0 and σ2Under the noise of=25 varying levels, than
The size and the size of structural similarity SSIM of signal to noise ratio PSNR of the high-definition picture a~h after relatively reconstructing, as a result in table
Shown in 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1:Under the noise of varying level, the size of signal to noise ratio PSNR of the inventive method is than A+ side
Method average energy increases 0.67dB~1.08dB, averagely increases 0.7dB~2.22dB than BCSR method, averagely increases than NCSR method
0.24dB~0.96dB, structural dependence SSIM are from table it can also be seen that the structural dependence size of the inventive method compares
Additive method will height.
Emulation 2:Visualization contrast experiment
There is color lump in order to the more visual prominent present invention can be reduced effectively, down-sampling process is carried out to Fig. 2
The low-resolution image shown in Fig. 3 is obtained, to Fig. 3 by the inventive method and existing A+ methods, NCSR methods, BSSC methods
It is reconstructed, the coloured image after the reconstruct represented such as Fig. 4 is obtained, as a result as illustrated, wherein:
4 (a) is to be reconstructed rear coloured image by A+ methods,
4 (b) is to be reconstructed rear coloured image by BSSC methods,
4 (c) is to be reconstructed rear coloured image by NCSR methods,
4 (d) is to be reconstructed rear coloured image by the inventive method.
Fig. 2 artworks are contrasted from Fig. 4 (a)~4 (d), it can be seen that the full resolution pricture meeting of A+, BCSR, NCSR method reconstruct
Different degrees of wrong color lump is presented.And the high-definition picture after present invention reconstruct effectively reduces mistake and has color lump.
Emulation 3:Trust verification is tested,
In order to illustrate superiority of the inventive method in confidence level, from Fig. 5 chosen materials are identical, spectral signature identical
3 points:I.e. 1: 1, second point 2, thirdly 3.
Down-sampling is carried out to Fig. 5 and processes acquisition low-resolution image Y1, to low-resolution image Y1By the inventive method and
Existing A+ methods, NCSR methods, BSSC methods are reconstructed, the high-definition picture after being reconstructed.
The high-definition picture midpoint 1 after reconstruct, point 2, the spectral reflectivity curve figure of point 3 are drawn, while drawing Fig. 5's
Spectral reflectivity curve figure, as a result as shown in fig. 6, wherein,
Fig. 6 (a) represents 1: 1 spectral reflectivity curve figure,
Fig. 6 (b) represents the spectral reflectivity curve figure of second point 2,
Fig. 6 (c) represents thirdly 3 spectral reflectivity curve figure.
3 spectral reflectivity curves shown in contrast Fig. 6, it can be clearly seen that the height of A+, BCSR, NCSR method reconstruct
Image in different resolution has larger discrepancy with the spectral reflectivity curve of original image, and the inventive method can very well be fitted artwork
The curve of spectral reflectivity, realizes accurate reconstruction, it is ensured that the confidence level of the high-definition picture of reconstruct.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Image Super-resolution reconstructing method based on Laplce's norm regularization, comprises the steps:
(1) bicubic interpolation is carried out to low-resolution image, obtains initial image X(0);
(2) iterative formula is setWhereinL is greatest iteration time
Number,ForImage after secondary iteration, δ is iteration regular coefficient;
(3) to initial pictures X(0)The image X after first time iteration is obtained using the iterative formula of above-mentioned setting(1);
(4) by the image X after first time iteration(1)It is divided into M blocks, and S is obtained using block matching method to i-th pieceiIndividual similar block square
Battle array, remembers x(i,j)For i-th piece of j-th similar block matrix, then by this SiIndividual similar block is merged into i-th image array Xi, wherein i=
1,2 ...., M, j=1,2 ..., Si;
(5) to image array XiUsing formula [U, Σ ', V]=SVD (Xi) singular value decomposition is carried out, obtain U, tri- points of Σ ', V
Dematrix, wherein U are and image array XiRelated left orthogonal matrix, Σ ' is comprising image array XiThe unusual square of singular value
Gust, V is and image array XiRelated right orthogonal matrix;
(6) U obtained according to step (5), Σ ', V these three matrixes, using formula Xi=USμ(Σ′)VTUpdate image array Xi,
WhereinIt is the soft-threshold computing to singular matrix Σ ', VTRepresentative turns to right orthogonal matrix V
Put, μlTake the third-largest characteristic value, k in singular value matrix Σ '1To set the parameter of first regular terms, max () is represented and it is asked
Maximum;
(7) similar block matrix x is updated using based on the method for reconstructing in full variational regularization(i,j)Obtain and update matrix
(8) calculate and update matrixMaximum γ of orderi,j;
(9) formula is utilizedTo updating matrixSingular value decomposition is carried out, U is obtained1, Σ1, V1Three decomposition
Matrix, wherein U1It is and updates matrixRelated left orthogonal matrix, Σ1It is comprising renewal matrixSingular value unusual square
Battle array, V1It is and updates matrixRelated right orthogonal matrix;
(10) shrinkage operation formula is setTo similar block matrix x(i,j)It is updated, in formula,Be to it is similar
Block matrix x(i,j)Closest contraction matrix, H (Σ1) it is to make constraint Rank (x(i,j))≤ri,jThe hard -threshold fortune set up
Calculate, V1 TRepresentative pair and similar block matrix x(i,j)Related right orthogonal matrix V1Transposition, Rank (x(i,j)) represent similar block matrix
x(i,j)Order;
(11) by i-th piece of SiIndividual similar block matrix merges, and obtains i-th image array Xi;
(12) by M image array XiMerge, obtain image X(1), return to step (2), repeat the above steps, until changing through L time
For rear output super-resolution reconstructed image X(L)。
2. method according to claim 1, is wherein updated in step (7) using the method for reconstructing based on full variational regularization
Similar block matrix x(i,j), carried out by equation below:
In formula, x is independent variable;For the matrix after renewal;Arg min () represents the function for making certain functional obtain minimum of a value;ρl
It is weight coefficient, value is 1;k2To set the parameter of second regular terms, value is 0.59;It is to do second order to x to draw general
The matrix that Lars computing is obtained;||·||1,2RepresentNorm,RepresentNorm square.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein calculates similar block matrix x in step (8)(i,j)Maximum order γi,j,
It is by inequality constraintsEstimation is obtained, wherein, Σ represents summation symbol;γkRepresent similar block
Matrix x(i,j)K-th singular value;Γ is given threshold value, and its value is the average of second largest singular value and the third-largest singular value
Value.
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