CN106649438A - Time series data unexpected fault detection method - Google Patents

Time series data unexpected fault detection method Download PDF

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CN106649438A
CN106649438A CN201610814543.6A CN201610814543A CN106649438A CN 106649438 A CN106649438 A CN 106649438A CN 201610814543 A CN201610814543 A CN 201610814543A CN 106649438 A CN106649438 A CN 106649438A
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parameter
data
feature
character
storehouse
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鲍军鹏
赵静
杨天社
魏强
王徐华
吴冠
王小乐
齐勇
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Xian Jiaotong University
China Xian Satellite Control Center
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China Xian Satellite Control Center
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Abstract

The invention provides a time series data unexpected fault detection method. Different situations presented by parameters are studied through known data, and a parameter information library and an event feature library are established; a relation between the combined features of different samples and the time series system fault status is analyzed; a data preprocessing module, a TK-Means clustering module, a feature library generation module and a detection and judgment module are included. The method comprises the steps that after data mining operations such as multi-feature extraction and clustering are conducted on all parameter values, feature characters of all the parameters at the same time are combined to establish the event feature library; when it is observed that no appeared feature combination exists in the event feature library in real-time data, it is judged that an unexpected event occurs, and the unexpected event is a potential unexpected fault.

Description

A kind of unexpected fault detection method of time series data
Technical field
The invention belongs to Intelligent Information Processing and field of computer technology, and in particular to a kind of unexpected failure of time series data Detection method.
Background technology
Complicated sequential system is made up of many parts, and each part has many observed parameters again.In general, part The different situation of each parameter can present the ruuning situation of system entirety or local.Need the difference presented to given data Situation is learnt, it is established that affair character storehouse.Then, the combinations of features pattern and sequential system for analyzing different event is run The relation of situation.Thus the current operation conditions of sequential system can in real time be reflected according to the assemblage characteristic of current data. If detecting the integrated mode not occurred in affair character storehouse, then be exactly to there occurs unexpected event.It is unexpected Event may represent emerging situation, unknown fault signature before more likely represent.Existing method is mostly being based on The method of reasoning by cases (i.e. Case Based Reasoning, CBR) is analyzed to data attribute, by it with case library in Case characteristic is carried out contrasting and then determines concrete failure;Or for new unexpected case decision error, or incapability is Power.It is often relatively difficult that existing method compiles case library, needs to consume a large amount of manpowers.
The content of the invention
Object of the present invention is to provide a kind of unexpected fault detection method of time series data, can be used in real-time detection Unexpected event or failure, and associated ancillary information is provided, help system user goes to judge what the unexpected event was reflected System operation situation.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of unexpected fault detection method of time series data, realizing the system of the method includes data preprocessing module, TK- Means cluster modules, feature database generation module, detection determination module, it is comprised the concrete steps that:
1) first, using data preprocessing module elimination of burst noise is carried out to initial data, file and normalizing is processed at equal intervals Change is processed, and obtains standardized data, and extracts related multiple features vector;
2) secondly, characteristic vector is clustered using TK-Means cluster modules, is then based on cluster result, will be original Data are expressed as feature string;
3) and then, using master data of the feature database generation module to each parameter in data prediction and cluster process In recorded parameter information storehouse, including maximum, minimum of a value, the cluster center vector situation corresponding with characteristic character of each parameter, Then generating one is used to record the occurrence number of all parameter combination features and the affair character storehouse of frequency;
4) it is last, its characteristic vector is obtained by detecting that determination module is real-time to new data, and to the multiple ginsengs of synchronization The combination of number feature is contrasted with data in feature database, if the assemblage characteristic has been recorded in feature database, then be exactly Known mode, is otherwise exactly to detect unexpected pattern, and unexpected pattern is exactly potential unexpected failure.
Described data preprocessing module " elimination of burst noise process " refers to the invalid outlier of deletion, retains virtual value;Data are entered Row processes ensure that the time interval in continuous time section between any two data point is identical at equal intervals;Data are through at equal intervals It is normalized after process and eliminates impact of the different dimensions to result so as to obtain standardized data.
Described TK-Means cluster modules adopt application number:2015105516228, a kind of time series data off-note Digging system and method, wherein, ' a ' represents the feature of most frequent appearance, and ' b ' represents the secondary feature for frequently occurring, and the rest may be inferred; Probability of occurrence less than given threshold value 0.02 feature be represented as '’;Empty data, i.e., non-record data it is interval or deleted Interval, then represented with ' # '.
Described feature database generation module generates a parameter information storehouse and an affair character storehouse:
The foundation in described parameter information storehouse includes:
2-1) take a pending parameter;
The record of the parameter 2-2) is created in parameter information storehouse;
2-3) record the maximum and minimum value tag of the parameter;
2-4) record the mean parameter, variance, wavelet coefficient, fourier coefficient, the maximum of frequecy characteristic and minimum of a value;
2-5) obtain the result of the parameter TK-Means cluster;
2-6) cluster result records each cluster center vector of the parameter and its corresponding characteristic character;
2-7) judge currently whether processed all of parameter;If untreated complete all parameters, step 2-1 weight is gone to Said process is performed again;If having processed all parameters, execution step 2-8);
2-8) output result, undated parameter information bank content;Generation parameter information bank process terminates;
Process is set up in described affair character storehouse:
The characteristic character sequence of all parameters of 3-1) aliging;
3-2) recording feature storehouse statistics beginning and ending time, window number, parameter composition;
Current character position i 3-3) is put for 0;
Whether current character position i 3-4) is judged less than sequence length, if current character position i is less than sequence length, Then execution step 3-5), execution step 3-10 if current character position i is more than or equal to sequence length);
3-5) take characteristic character of all parameters on i positions and be combined into feature mode t;
3-6) judge feature mode t whether Already in affair character storehouse;If Already in event is special for pattern t In levying storehouse, then execution step 3-7), feature mode t is not present in affair character storehouse, then execution step 3-8);
3-7) occurrence number of feature mode t is added 1;
3-8) occurrence number of feature mode t is set to 1;
3-9) current character position i is added 1;Then step 3-4 is gone to) above-mentioned circulation is repeated until current character position I is put more than or equal to sequence length;
The frequency of occurrences of all patterns 3-10) is updated, i.e., with the occurrence number of the pattern divided by sequence length;
3-11) output result, update event feature database content;Generate affair character storehouse process to terminate.
The detection of described detection determination module judges to comprise the following steps:
4-1) take data of all parameters in current window;
4-2) take characteristic vector of the parameter current in current window;
4-3) calculate Euclidean distance d of the parameter attribute vector and each cluster center vector in the parameter information storehousei
4-4) ask for diIn minimum of a value d;
D 4-5) is judged whether less than given threshold value δ, δ=0.2);If d<δ, then execution step 4-6), otherwise
Execution step 4-7);
Wherein, h (w) represents the characteristic character of current window w, and T represents the set of the parameter attribute character, diRepresent w with Certain cluster center vector ciBetween Euclidean distance, δ represents given threshold value;
4-6) parameter current is apart from the characteristic character corresponding to d in the characteristic character of current window;
4-7) parameter current be designated as in the characteristic character of current window "”;
4-8) judge whether all parameters have been processed;If parameter it is untreated it is complete if execution step 4-9), if institute There is parameter all to process, then execution step 4-10);
4-9) take next parameter;Then go to step and repeat 4-2) to 4-8) all processed to all parameters;
4-10) all parameters are combined into a feature mode V in the characteristic character of current window;
Whether 4-11) judge in affair character storehouse comprising current signature pattern V;
If 4-11) not including current signature pattern V, execution step 4-12 in affair character storehouse), if event is special Levy and contained in storehouse current signature pattern V, then execution step 4-14)
4-12) current window occurs in that a unexpected event N, and its feature mode is V;
The relevant information of the unexpected event N 4-13) is recorded and exports, unexpected fault detect decision process terminates;
4-14) current window occurs in that known event K, i.e. event corresponding to feature database middle mold Formula V;
4-14) export the relevant information of known event K;It is unexpected that fault detect decision process terminate.
Relative to prior art, the present invention can learn to expand affair character storehouse automatically using Data Mining Strategy, as long as There is mass data to can be achieved with self-adapting type study, it is not necessary to manual intervention.Fault mode is carried out with the combination of characteristic character High abstraction, is capable of detecting when new unknown unexpected event/fault mode, but also while have recorded new events/event The corresponding feature mode of barrier.The inventive method not only provides detailed features information and structural information to analyze new failure, and And also make the ability that system possesses automatic augmented features storehouse.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is this method module frame figure.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of generation parameter information bank.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for generating affair character storehouse.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart for detecting determination module.
Fig. 5 is an example parameter information bank.
Fig. 6 is an example event feature database.
Fig. 7 is the example results that real-time detection judgement is carried out to new data.
Specific embodiment
Present invention achieves a kind of unexpected fault detection method of time series data, the method learns number using historical data According to essential characteristic and combinations of features pattern and it is saved in information bank and feature database, then feature is extracted to data to be tested, And check its combinations of features whether with existing patterns match in feature database.If feature mode to be detected and existing pattern in storehouse Matching, then what data to be tested occurred is exactly known event, has otherwise been detected by unexpected event.Unexpected event is exactly Potential unexpected failure, typically reflects system operation exception or failure.
With reference to Fig. 1, realizing the system of the present invention includes data preprocessing module 1-1, TK-Means cluster module 1-2, spy Storehouse generation module 1-3, detection determination module 1-4 are levied, it is comprised the concrete steps that:
1) first, elimination of burst noise carried out to initial data using data preprocessing module 1-1, file processed at equal intervals and is returned One change is processed, and obtains standardized data, and extracts related multiple features vector;
" elimination of burst noise process " refers to the invalid outlier of deletion, retains virtual value;Data are processed at equal intervals and is ensured even Time interval in the continuous time period between any two data point is identical;Data are normalized place after processing at equal intervals Reason eliminates impact of the different dimensions to result so as to obtain standardized data.
2) secondly, characteristic vector is clustered using TK-Means cluster module 1-2, is then based on cluster result, will Initial data is expressed as feature string;
Using application number:2015105516228, the digging system and method for a kind of time series data off-note, wherein, ' a ' represents the feature of most frequent appearance, and ' b ' represents the secondary feature for frequently occurring, and the rest may be inferred;Probability of occurrence is less than given threshold value 0.02 feature be represented as '’;Empty data, i.e., the interval or deleted interval of non-record data, then with ' # ' come table Show.
3) and then, it is basic in data prediction and cluster process to each parameter using feature database generation module 1-3 Data recorded in parameter information storehouse, including maximum, minimum of a value, the cluster center vector feelings corresponding with characteristic character of each parameter Condition, then generating one is used to record the occurrence number of all parameter combination features and the affair character storehouse of frequency;
Referring to Fig. 2, the foundation in described parameter information storehouse includes:
2-1) take a pending parameter;
The record of the parameter 2-2) is created in parameter information storehouse;
2-3) record the maximum and minimum value tag of the parameter;
2-4) record the mean parameter, variance, wavelet coefficient, fourier coefficient, the maximum of frequecy characteristic and minimum of a value;
2-5) obtain the result of the parameter TK-Means cluster;
2-6) cluster result records each cluster center vector of the parameter and its corresponding characteristic character;
2-7) judge currently whether processed all of parameter;If untreated complete all parameters, step 2-1 weight is gone to Said process is performed again;If having processed all parameters, execution step 2-8);
2-8) output result, undated parameter information bank content;Generation parameter information bank process terminates;
Referring to Fig. 3, process is set up in described affair character storehouse:
The characteristic character sequence of all parameters of 3-1) aliging;
3-2) recording feature storehouse statistics beginning and ending time, window number, parameter composition;
Current character position i 3-3) is put for 0;
Whether current character position i 3-4) is judged less than sequence length, if current character position i is less than sequence length, Then execution step 3-5), execution step 3-10 if current character position i is more than or equal to sequence length);
3-5) take characteristic character of all parameters on i positions and be combined into feature mode t;
3-6) judge feature mode t whether Already in affair character storehouse;If Already in event is special for pattern t In levying storehouse, then execution step 3-7), feature mode t is not present in affair character storehouse, then execution step 3-8);
3-7) occurrence number of feature mode t is added 1;
3-8) occurrence number of feature mode t is set to 1;
3-9) current character position i is added 1;Then step 3-4 is gone to) above-mentioned circulation is repeated until current character position I is put more than or equal to sequence length;
The frequency of occurrences of all patterns 3-10) is updated, i.e., with the occurrence number of the pattern divided by sequence length;
3-11) output result, update event feature database content;Generate affair character storehouse process to terminate.
4) it is last, its characteristic vector is obtained by detecting that determination module 1-4 is real-time to new data, and it is multiple to synchronization The combination of parameter attribute is contrasted with data in feature database, if the assemblage characteristic has been recorded in feature database, then just It is known mode, is otherwise exactly to detect unexpected pattern, unexpected pattern is exactly potential unexpected failure.
Referring to Fig. 4, detect that the detection of determination module 1-4 judges to comprise the following steps:
4-1) take data of all parameters in current window;
4-2) take characteristic vector of the parameter current in current window;
4-3) calculate Euclidean distance d of the parameter attribute vector and each cluster center vector in the parameter information storehousei
4-4) ask for diIn minimum of a value d;
D 4-5) is judged whether less than given threshold value δ, δ=0.2);If d<δ, then execution step 4-6), otherwise perform step Rapid 4-7);
Wherein, h (w) represents the characteristic character of current window w, and T represents the set of the parameter attribute character, diRepresent w with Certain cluster center vector ciBetween Euclidean distance, δ represents given threshold value;
4-6) parameter current is apart from the characteristic character corresponding to d in the characteristic character of current window;
4-7) parameter current be designated as in the characteristic character of current window "”;
4-8) judge whether all parameters have been processed;If parameter it is untreated it is complete if execution step 4-9), if institute There is parameter all to process, then execution step 4-10);
4-9) take next parameter;Then go to step and repeat 4-2) to 4-8) all processed to all parameters;
4-10) all parameters are combined into a feature mode V in the characteristic character of current window;
Whether 4-11) judge in affair character storehouse comprising current signature pattern V;
If 4-11) not including current signature pattern V, execution step 4-12 in affair character storehouse), if event is special Levy and contained in storehouse current signature pattern V, then execution step 4-14)
4-12) current window occurs in that a unexpected event N, and its feature mode is V;
The relevant information of the unexpected event N 4-13) is recorded and exports, unexpected fault detect decision process terminates;
4-14) current window occurs in that known event K, i.e. event corresponding to feature database middle mold Formula V;
4-14) export the relevant information of known event K;It is unexpected that fault detect decision process terminate.
With reference to Fig. 5, it is a parameter information storehouse example.In figure 0 data below represent the parameter maximum and Minimum of a value is interval, for normalized.1 data below represents the maximum and minimum that the parameter extracts characteristic vector Value is interval, for the normalized of characteristic vector.2 data below represent the characteristic character that the Parameter Clustering is generated, and Cluster center vector corresponding to it, the i.e. characteristic vector of this feature character.
With reference to Fig. 6, it is an affair character storehouse example.The combination feelings of multiple parameters characteristic character are have recorded in the storehouse Condition, in the number of times occurred comprising window sum, time started, end time, combinations of features pattern and feature mode and frequency etc. Hold.
With reference to Fig. 7, it is the example results that real-time detection judgement is carried out to new data.Including, combinations of features occur when Between, combinations of features mode contents, this feature combination be known event pattern or unknown event schema.If there is known event mould Formula, then show the number of times and probability of event schema appearance.If there is unknown event schema, report finds unexpected event.

Claims (5)

1. the unexpected fault detection method of a kind of time series data, it is characterised in that:The system for realizing the method is located in advance including data Reason module (1-1), TK-Means cluster modules (1-2), feature database generation module (1-3), detection determination module (1-4), its tool Body step is;
1) first, using data preprocessing module (1-1) elimination of burst noise is carried out to initial data, file and normalizing is processed at equal intervals Change is processed, and obtains standardized data, and extracts related multiple features vector;
2) secondly, characteristic vector is clustered using TK-Means cluster modules (1-2), cluster result is then based on, by original Beginning data are expressed as feature string;
3) and then, using basic number of the feature database generation module (1-3) to each parameter in data prediction and cluster process According to recorded in parameter information storehouse, including maximum, minimum of a value, the cluster center vector feelings corresponding with characteristic character of each parameter Condition, then generating one is used to record the occurrence number of all parameter combination features and the affair character storehouse of frequency;
4) it is last, its characteristic vector is obtained by detecting that determination module (1-4) is real-time to new data, and to the multiple ginsengs of synchronization The combination of number feature is contrasted with data in feature database, if the assemblage characteristic has been recorded in feature database, then be exactly Known mode, is otherwise exactly to detect unexpected pattern, and unexpected pattern is exactly potential unexpected failure.
2. the unexpected fault detection method of time series data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described data prediction Module (1-1) " elimination of burst noise process " refers to the invalid outlier of deletion, retains virtual value;Data are processed at equal intervals and is ensured even Time interval in the continuous time period between any two data point is identical;Data are normalized place after processing at equal intervals Reason eliminates impact of the different dimensions to result so as to obtain standardized data.
3. the unexpected fault detection method of time series data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described TK-Means gathers Generic module (1-2) adopts application number:2015105516228, the digging system and method for a kind of time series data off-note, its In, ' a ' represents the feature of most frequent appearance, and ' b ' represents the secondary feature for frequently occurring, and the rest may be inferred;Probability of occurrence is less than given The feature of threshold value 0.02 be represented as '’;Empty data, i.e., the interval or deleted interval of non-record data, then with ' # ' come Represent.
4. the unexpected fault detection method of time series data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described feature database is generated Module (1-3) generates a parameter information storehouse and an affair character storehouse:
The foundation in described parameter information storehouse includes:
2-1) take a pending parameter;
The record of the parameter 2-2) is created in parameter information storehouse;
2-3) record the maximum and minimum value tag of the parameter;
2-4) record the mean parameter, variance, wavelet coefficient, fourier coefficient, the maximum of frequecy characteristic and minimum of a value;
2-5) obtain the result of the parameter TK-Means cluster;
2-6) cluster result records each cluster center vector of the parameter and its corresponding characteristic character;
2-7) judge currently whether processed all of parameter;If untreated complete all parameters, go to step 2-1 and repeat to hold Row said process;If having processed all parameters, execution step 2-8);
2-8) output result, undated parameter information bank content;Generation parameter information bank process terminates;
Process is set up in described affair character storehouse:
The characteristic character sequence of all parameters of 3-1) aliging;
3-2) recording feature storehouse statistics beginning and ending time, window number, parameter composition;
Current character position i 3-3) is put for 0;
3-4) judge that current character position i, whether less than sequence length, if current character position i is less than sequence length, holds Row step 3-5), execution step 3-10 if current character position i is more than or equal to sequence length);
3-5) take characteristic character of all parameters on i positions and be combined into feature mode t;
3-6) judge feature mode t whether Already in affair character storehouse;If pattern t Already in affair character storehouse In, then execution step 3-7), feature mode t is not present in affair character storehouse, then execution step 3-8);
3-7) occurrence number of feature mode t is added 1;
3-8) occurrence number of feature mode t is set to 1;
3-9) current character position i is added 1;Then step 3-4 is gone to) above-mentioned circulation is repeated until current character position i More than or equal to sequence length;
The frequency of occurrences of all patterns 3-10) is updated, i.e., with the occurrence number of the pattern divided by sequence length;
3-11) output result, update event feature database content;Generate affair character storehouse process to terminate.
5. the unexpected fault detection method of time series data according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described detection judges mould The detection of block (1-4) judges to comprise the following steps:
4-1) take data of all parameters in current window;
4-2) take characteristic vector of the parameter current in current window;
4-3) calculate Euclidean distance d of the parameter attribute vector and each cluster center vector in the parameter information storehousei
4-4) ask for diIn minimum of a value d;
D 4-5) is judged whether less than given threshold value δ, δ=0.2);If d<δ, then execution step 4-6), otherwise
h ( w ) = argmin { d i ( w , c i ) } i &Element; T &cap; d i < &delta; ? d i &GreaterEqual; &delta;
Execution step 4-7);
Wherein, h (w) represents the characteristic character of current window w, and T represents the set of the parameter attribute character, diRepresent w and certain cluster Center vector ciBetween Euclidean distance, δ represents given threshold value;
4-6) parameter current is apart from the characteristic character corresponding to d in the characteristic character of current window;
4-7) parameter current be designated as in the characteristic character of current window "”;
4-8) judge whether all parameters have been processed;If parameter it is untreated it is complete if execution step 4-9), if all ginsengs Number has all been processed, then execution step 4-10);
4-9) take next parameter;Then go to step and repeat 4-2) to 4-8) all processed to all parameters;
4-10) all parameters are combined into a feature mode V in the characteristic character of current window;
Whether 4-11) judge in affair character storehouse comprising current signature pattern V;
If 4-11) not including current signature pattern V, execution step 4-12 in affair character storehouse), if affair character storehouse In contained current signature pattern V, then execution step 4-14)
4-12) current window occurs in that a unexpected event N, and its feature mode is V;
The relevant information of the unexpected event N 4-13) is recorded and exports, unexpected fault detect decision process terminates;
4-14) current window occurs in that known event K, i.e. event corresponding to feature database middle mold Formula V;
4-14) export the relevant information of known event K;It is unexpected that fault detect decision process terminate.
CN201610814543.6A 2016-09-09 2016-09-09 Time series data unexpected fault detection method Pending CN106649438A (en)

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CN108052599A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-18 清华大学 A kind of method and apparatus of the time series data storage of supported feature inquiry
CN109117374A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-01 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 A kind of method and system of automatic acquisition failure
CN110032490A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-07-19 ***股份有限公司 Method and device thereof for detection system exception
WO2020019403A1 (en) * 2018-07-26 2020-01-30 平安科技(深圳)有限公司 Electricity consumption abnormality detection method, apparatus and device, and readable storage medium
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108052599A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-18 清华大学 A kind of method and apparatus of the time series data storage of supported feature inquiry
WO2020019403A1 (en) * 2018-07-26 2020-01-30 平安科技(深圳)有限公司 Electricity consumption abnormality detection method, apparatus and device, and readable storage medium
CN109117374A (en) * 2018-08-20 2019-01-01 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 A kind of method and system of automatic acquisition failure
CN109117374B (en) * 2018-08-20 2021-10-22 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 Method and system for automatically acquiring fault
CN110032490A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-07-19 ***股份有限公司 Method and device thereof for detection system exception
CN113176962A (en) * 2021-04-14 2021-07-27 北京中大科慧科技发展有限公司 Machine room IT equipment fault accurate detection method and system for data center
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Application publication date: 20170510