CN106644541B - Excavation device for three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system - Google Patents
Excavation device for three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644541B CN106644541B CN201611018784.6A CN201611018784A CN106644541B CN 106644541 B CN106644541 B CN 106644541B CN 201611018784 A CN201611018784 A CN 201611018784A CN 106644541 B CN106644541 B CN 106644541B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses an excavation device for a three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system, which comprises an excavation head which is arranged on a long strip-shaped excavation rack and can move back and forth, wherein the excavation head is provided with a cutting cutter disc for performing rotary cutting on a test piece, the cutting cutter disc is suspended at the front end of the excavation rack, a lower bus of the cutting cutter disc is positioned in the bottom plane of the excavation rack, an upper bus of the cutting cutter disc is not lower than the top surface of the excavation rack, and two ends of the excavation rack are provided with position detection devices for detecting the positions of the excavation head. Preferably, the excavation head is fixedly connected with a dust hood, the dust hood is positioned at the rear side of the cutting advancing direction of the cutter disc, and the dust hood is used for being connected with an industrial dust collector through a dust collecting pipeline. The invention has the advantages that the excavation system has simple structure, and can be conveniently and reliably applied to the underground space simulation excavation test under the three-way loading condition, so that the test process and effect are visual and are closer to the site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulated excavation technology of ore rocks, in particular to an excavation device for a three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system.
Background
The similarity simulation test is a laboratory research method based on a similarity theory and dimensional analysis, and can effectively solve the research problems of mine pressure, surrounding rock deformation and movement rules, overlying strata fracture and the like in underground space development activities. The method is widely applied to departments of water conservancy, mining, railways and the like due to the advantage of intuitive experimental effect. Although the application of the similar simulation experiment in the engineering research field is wide, the simulation experiment in the aspects of a plurality of mine pressure and overburden movement breaking rules is mostly concentrated on a plane model, and the three-dimensional stress state of the on-site rock stratum is different from that of the on-site rock stratum.
In the process of mining the ore bed, the breaking of the overlying strata and the stress distribution thereof are a dynamic change process, and the stress is redistributed in front of the working face along with the advance of the working face. In the process, the surrounding rock deforms, moves and is damaged, and the overburden peak stress is also forwards transferred along with the advancing of the working face until new stress balance is achieved. With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the development and utilization requirements of human beings on underground space are more and more increased, however, the development process of the underground space is more complicated than the ground construction and is greatly influenced by geological conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop a rapid tunneling and supporting technology for a roadway by means of a three-dimensional simulation test.
The existing three-dimensional analog simulation test system promotes the research of underground excavation engineering to a certain extent, but still has the defects that the most important defect is that large-area mechanized and visual mining cannot be carried out on a mineral seam in the test process. For example, the patent "ZL 201210376520.3 three-way loading large-scale three-dimensional analog simulation test system" discloses a three-way loading large-scale three-dimensional analog simulation test system, which can realize three-way unequal pressure loading and can simultaneously perform large-scale space excavation simulation tests such as mine stopes, hydroelectric underground chambers, rock salt gas storage reservoirs and the like. The development of the test equipment has made a certain breakthrough, however, in order to realize the real-time and visual space mechanized excavation in the test process, an appropriate excavation system is needed, and one of the keys of the system is an excavation device capable of realizing the mechanical excavation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an excavation device for a three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system aiming at the defects of the prior art, the device can be conveniently and reliably applied to an underground space simulation mechanized excavation test under the condition of three-way loading through a reciprocating rotary cutting cutter head, so that the test process and effect are visual and are closer to the site of mechanized mining. The method provides convenience for researching the stress distribution and the breaking of the overlying strata under the three-way loading condition, the dynamic change of the surrounding rocks of the stope along with the stress in the advancing process of the stope and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a three-dimensional similar simulation test excavation device for system, is including establishing the excavation head that can reciprocate in rectangular shape excavation frame, and the excavation head is equipped with the cutting blade disc that is used for forming the rotatory cutting to the test piece, and the cutting blade disc overhangs at excavation frame front end, and the lower generating line of cutting blade disc is located the bottom plane of excavation frame, and the last generating line of cutting blade disc is not less than the top surface of excavation frame, and excavation frame both ends are equipped with the position detection device that the excavation head position detected.
The system provided by the invention adopting the technical scheme is used for being connected with a supporting system and a slag discharging system to form a mechanized excavation system, the system is arranged in a primary mining working face of a simulation test piece in a test box, the excavation head carries out movable cutting on a simulation rock stratum along the length direction of the working face, the system is suitable for simulated mining under the three-way loading test condition, so that test data of the simulated mining under the three-way loading condition can be obtained, and the visual mechanized excavation can be conveniently realized by arranging the camera on the system. When the test box is used, the test box of the existing three-way loading test system is only required to be correspondingly modified. It has simple structure and convenient use. In the cutting process, the cutting cutter disc is fed once to form a cutting process to complete cutting of the whole height direction of the rock wall of the working face, the bottom surface after cutting of the rock wall forms extension of the bottom surface of the primary mining working face, the top surface forms extension of the top surface of the working face, and the top surface of the excavation system is located below the top surface of the working face so as to ensure smooth propulsion of the excavation system. The position detection device is used for realizing limit position and reciprocating control of the excavation head through the control system.
Preferably, the excavation head is connected with the excavation frame through a guide rail pair arranged between the excavation head and the excavation frame, and an excavation head driving device used for driving the excavation head to move back and forth is arranged between the excavation head and the excavation frame. The excavation frame controls the support and the running track of the excavation head through the guide rail pair, and the excavation driving device drives the excavation head to move back and forth. The transmission part of the driving device comprises a gear rack transmission structure, a chain transmission structure, a screw nut transmission structure, a crank block structure, a piston cylinder structure and the like, and the driving device has multiple structural forms and a wide selectable range. In view of the space restriction in the test chamber, a gear rack transmission structure and a chain transmission structure are suitable.
Preferably, the section of the excavation rack is of a rectangular frame structure with a horizontal opening; the excavating head is provided with an excavating motor through an excavating motor base, the excavating motor is used for driving the cutting cutter disc to rotate, and the excavating motor base is arranged in a frame of the excavating rack; the excavation head driving device is arranged between the excavation frame and the excavation motor base. The excavation head is arranged in the middle of the excavation frame in the height direction, and most of the excavation head is hidden inside the excavation frame, so that the overall rigidity and strength of the excavation system are obviously improved, and the service life is long. Meanwhile, the upper horizontal edge of the rectangular frame can form shielding and protection for the main machine part of the excavation head, and damage to the main machine part of the excavation head when the roof is accidentally collapsed can be effectively avoided.
Preferably, the excavation head driving device comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is fixedly connected with the excavation head, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with a driving gear or a driving chain wheel, the driving gear is meshed with a rack, or the driving chain wheel is meshed with a chain, the chain is fixedly connected to the excavation rack, and the excavation head driving device drives the excavation head to move back and forth through a gear-rack transmission structure; or the excavation head driving device drives the excavation head to move back and forth through a chain wheel and chain transmission structure, wherein the chain is connected into a straight line shape through chain links, and the chain is pulled, tensioned and fixedly connected to the excavation rack through tensioning mechanisms at two ends. The fixed chain or the rack is driven by the rotating chain wheel or the gear to move the digging head which is fixedly connected with the driving motor, and relative to the moving structure of the rack which is fixed on the digging head by the rack, the moving component does not need to be provided with a part which extends out of a cutting area, so the structure is compact, and the device is particularly suitable for test equipment with narrow space. When the driving motor adopts a right-angle corner motor, a more compact structural layout can be obtained.
Preferably, the excavation head is fixedly connected with a dust hood, the dust hood is positioned at the rear side of the cutting advancing direction of the cutter disc, and the dust hood is connected with an industrial dust collector through a dust collecting pipeline. So that a slag discharge system is formed by the dust collecting cover, the dust collecting pipeline and the industrial dust collector, and the slag soil formed in the excavation process is discharged in time. The dust collection range of the dust collection cover can form integral coverage on the cutting cutter disc along the thickness direction of the cutting cutter disc, and the clean and thorough slag discharge is ensured.
The invention has the advantages that the excavation system has simple structure, and can be conveniently and reliably applied to the underground space simulation excavation test under the three-way loading condition, so that the test process and effect are visual and are closer to the site.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the structure of the excavation apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the construction of the excavation apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection relationship between the excavating head and the excavating head driving device in the excavating device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the invention is not limited thereby within the scope of the embodiments described.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the excavation device for the three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system comprises an excavation head 120 which is arranged on a strip-shaped excavation frame 110 and can move back and forth, wherein the excavation head 120 is provided with a cutting cutter disc 121 for rotationally cutting a test piece, the cutting cutter disc 121 is suspended at the front end of the excavation frame 110, a lower bus of the cutting cutter disc 121 is located in the bottom plane of the excavation frame 110, an upper bus of the cutting cutter disc 121 is not lower than the top surface of the excavation frame 110, and position detection devices for detecting the positions of the excavation head 120 are arranged at two ends of the excavation frame 110.
Wherein, the section of the excavation frame 110 is a rectangular frame structure with a horizontal opening; the excavating head 120 is provided with an excavating motor 123 through an excavating motor base 122, the excavating motor 123 is used for driving the cutter disc 121 to rotate, and the excavating motor base 122 is arranged in the frame of the excavating rack 110; the excavation head 120 is connected with the excavation frame 110 through a guide rail pair arranged between the excavation head and the excavation frame 110, the guide rail pair is composed of two parallel guide rails 110a and a guide rail sliding block 120a which is matched with the guide rails 110a in a sliding way and is provided with a guide rail groove, the guide rails 110a are fixedly connected to the lower end horizontal frame edge of the rectangular frame of the excavation frame 110, and the guide rail sliding block 120a is fixedly connected to an excavation motor base 122 of the excavation head 120 and is positioned on the bottom surface of the excavation motor base 122; an excavation head driving device for driving the excavation head 120 to move back and forth is arranged between the excavation head 120 and the excavation frame 110, and the excavation head driving device is arranged between the excavation frame 110 and the excavation motor base 122.
The excavation head driving device comprises a driving motor 124, the driving motor 124 is fixedly connected with an excavation head 120 through an excavation motor base 122, a motor support 128 is fixedly connected to the excavation motor base 122, the driving motor 124 is fixedly connected to the motor support 128, a driving chain wheel 125 is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 124, a chain 126 is meshed with the driving chain wheel 125, the chain 126 is fixedly connected to the excavation rack 110 and located between two parallel guide rails 110a, the excavation head driving device drives the excavation head 120 to move back and forth through a chain wheel and chain 126 transmission structure, the chain 126 is connected into a straight line through chain links, and the tensioning mechanism 127 at two ends is used for pulling and tensioning and fixedly connecting the chain links to the excavation rack 110. The excavation motor 123 and the driving motor 124 both adopt servo motors with right-angle corners, the axes of output shafts of the excavation motor 123 and the driving motor 124 are parallel, and the output end of each servo motor is provided with a speed reducer for improving the driving torque of the excavation head and the driving device.
The digging motor base 122 of the digging head 120 is fixedly connected with a dust collection cover 301, the dust collection cover 301 is positioned at the rear side of the cutting advancing direction of the cutter disc 121, and the dust collection cover 301 is used for being connected with an industrial dust collector through a dust collection pipeline 302. The dust collecting pipe 302 has a pipe section made of a steel wire hose to meet the requirement of reciprocating movement of the dust collecting cover 301, and the tail part of the excavation frame 110 is fixedly connected with a pipe joint 303 for switching with an industrial dust collector.
The driving sprocket 125 in this embodiment can be replaced by a driving gear, the corresponding chain 126 is replaced by a rack, and the digging head driving device drives the digging head 120 to move back and forth through a rack-and-pinion transmission structure.
In this embodiment, the two guide rails 110a adopt a rectangular-triangular combined guide rail structure, and may also adopt a guide rail pair structure of a double guide pillar and a guide sleeve or a single dovetail-shaped guide rail pair structure. The guide rail pair can also be arranged on a horizontal frame edge above the excavation frame 110, and can also be arranged on a vertical frame edge behind the excavation frame 110.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The excavation device for the three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system is characterized by comprising an excavation head (120) which is arranged on a long strip-shaped excavation rack (110) and can move back and forth along the length direction of a working face, wherein the excavation head (120) is provided with a cutting cutter disc (121) for performing rotary cutting on a sample, the cutting cutter disc (121) is suspended at the front end of the excavation rack (110), a lower bus of the cutting cutter disc (121) is positioned in the bottom plane of the excavation rack (110), an upper bus of the cutting cutter disc (121) is not lower than the top surface of the excavation rack (110), and two ends of the excavation rack (110) are provided with position detection devices for detecting the position of the excavation head (120); an excavation head driving device for driving the excavation head (120) to move back and forth is arranged between the excavation head (120) and the excavation frame (110); the section of the excavation rack (110) is of a rectangular frame structure with a horizontal opening; the excavating head (120) is provided with an excavating motor (123) through an excavating motor base (122), the excavating motor (123) is used for driving the cutting cutter disc (121) to rotate, and the excavating motor base (122) is arranged in a frame of the excavating rack (110); the excavation head driving device is arranged between the excavation rack (110) and the excavation motor base (122); the excavation head driving device comprises a driving motor (124), and the driving motor (124) is fixedly connected with the excavation head (120); the excavation motor (123) and the driving motor (124) are both L-shaped, and the two L-shaped layout directions of the excavation motor (123) and the driving motor (124) are consistent.
2. The excavation apparatus for the three-way loading three-dimensional simulation test excavation system of claim 1, wherein the excavation head (120) is connected to the excavation frame (110) by a rail pair provided therebetween.
3. The excavation device for the three-way loading three-dimensional simulation test excavation system of claim 2, wherein an output shaft of the driving motor (124) is connected with a driving gear or a driving chain wheel (125), the driving gear is engaged with a rack, or the driving chain wheel (125) is engaged with a chain (126), the rack or the chain (126) is fixedly connected to the excavation frame (110), and the excavation head driving device drives the excavation head (120) to move back and forth through a gear-rack transmission structure; or the excavating head driving device drives the excavating head (120) to move back and forth through a chain wheel and chain (126) transmission structure, wherein the chain (126) is connected into a straight line shape through chain links, and is pulled, tensioned and fixedly connected to the excavating rack (110) through tensioning mechanisms (127) at two ends.
4. The excavation device for the three-way loading three-dimensional simulation test excavation system of claim 1, wherein a dust collection cover (301) is fixedly connected to the excavation head (120), the dust collection cover (301) is located on the rear side of the cutting advancing direction of the cutter disc (121), and the dust collection cover (301) is used for being connected with an industrial dust collector through a dust collection pipeline (302).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611018784.6A CN106644541B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Excavation device for three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system |
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| CN201611018784.6A CN106644541B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Excavation device for three-way loading three-dimensional analog simulation test excavation system |
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| CN106644541B true CN106644541B (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| CN108303323B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-11-20 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional similar model test bench and test method thereof |
| CN109855974B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-08-07 | 重庆大学 | Overburden stress and deformation characteristic test method based on similar simulation test system |
| CN112485126B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-05-17 | 太原理工大学 | Three-dimensional simulation test system and method based on three-dimensional roadway arrangement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103364218A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Miniature TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavation system for tunnel excavation in physical simulation test |
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| JP2002004778A (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2002-01-09 | Sato Kogyo Co Ltd | Dust collector in tunnel boring machine |
| CN1166839C (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-09-15 | 清华大学 | Method and special apparatus for excavation of concealed grotto in solid model test |
| JP2009155996A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-16 | Ryuki Engineering:Kk | Drilling system |
| CN103075160B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-04-08 | 山东大学 | Visual micro tunnel driving system suitable for model testing |
| CN103794127B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2017-01-04 | 同济大学 | A kind of simulation Shield Tunneling device |
| CN105974056B (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2019-03-26 | 山东大学 | Tunnel water bursting disaster precursor information monitoring model pilot system and test method |
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| CN103364218A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Miniature TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) excavation system for tunnel excavation in physical simulation test |
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