CN106643958A - Underground cavity measuring method using flow quantity and flow velocity relationship - Google Patents
Underground cavity measuring method using flow quantity and flow velocity relationship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106643958A CN106643958A CN201611120490.4A CN201611120490A CN106643958A CN 106643958 A CN106643958 A CN 106643958A CN 201611120490 A CN201611120490 A CN 201611120490A CN 106643958 A CN106643958 A CN 106643958A
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- vane anemometer
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- vane
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F17/00—Methods or apparatus for determining the capacity of containers or cavities, or the volume of solid bodies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V9/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an underground cavity measuring method using flow quantity and flow velocity relationship and belongs to the technical field of surface subsidence exploration. The method overcomes the drawbacks of small exploration range, expensive price and complicated operation and the like in the existing exploring underground cavity measurement. The method mainly uses the flow quantity and flow velocity relationship to measure the volume of the underground cavity. Data including lowest wind speed, highest wind speed and double-vane anemometer time from rotating to stopping are obtained through coordination between parts including a double-vane anemometer, an air compressor, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge and the like, and the volume of the underground cavity is further obtained by calculation. Different from the measuring method in the prior art, the underground cavity measuring method using the flow quantity and flow velocity relationship is simple in operation, wide in application range and accurate and reliable in results.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to surface subsidence prospecting technique field, and in particular to a kind of measuring method in underground hole.
Background technology
In recent years, China's economy is entered and develops rapidly period, is achieved in project constructions such as railway, highway, water conservancy, traffic
Very big progress.But, geographical conditions complex is various, and this brings pressure and difficulty to our construction aspects, especially
It is the unfavorable geologic body complicated for some undergrounds, such as coal mine gob, collapsible loess subsidence area, karst hole, disconnected
Layer crushed zone etc., has a strong impact on construction manufacturing schedule, causes unnecessary economic loss, meanwhile, pacify to the life of workmen
Greatly harm is caused entirely.In order to reduce economic loss, improve safety in production level, it is necessary to these underground cavity depths and
Space size is measured, and adopts an effective measure these underground holes are filled in.
At present, the measuring method in underground hole mainly has geological drilling method, geological radar mensuration, static(al) in prior art
Feeler inspection method etc., however said method to there is price high, instrument the shortcomings of maintenance is difficult, encounters the ground of complexity using complicated
Matter structure, can have that measurement is inconvenient and measurement is inaccurate.Accordingly, it would be desirable to it is a kind of moderate, it is easy to operate, it is suitable for
The measuring method in the wide underground hole of scope.
The content of the invention
The task of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that utilization flow velocity relation measures underground hole, the method operation
Easy, applied widely and result is accurately and reliably.
Its technical solution includes：
A kind of method in measurement underground hole, comprises the following steps successively：
A prepares and installs measurement apparatus, and the measurement apparatus include air accumulator, air compressor, double-vane anemometer, brill
Bar, main pipeline, tie point pipeline and the second bypass line, connect the double-vane anemometer, by institute by the tail end of the drilling rod
The other end for stating double-vane anemometer is connected with the main pipeline, and in the end of the main pipeline triple valve, the threeway are connected with
Valve is connected respectively with first bye-pass, the second bye-pass, and the first stop valve and are installed on the tie point pipeline
One pressure gauge；The second stop valve, second pressure table are installed in second bypass line successively, by the tail end of the second bypass line
It is sequentially connected air compressor, air accumulator；
B according to flow velocity relation measure underground hole volume, if in hole gas near vacuum state subsidence area,
Then measure according to following sub-step：
B1 guarantees that the air-tightness of measurement apparatus is good, and records the face area of the double-vane anemometer；
B2 blocks the testing bore holes by the head of drilling rod insertion testing bore holes with closure capsule, closes the
Two stop valves, open the first stop valve, observe first pressure table, if the pointer of first pressure table rotates, show test
There is underground hole in the other end of drilling, the switch of double-vane anemometer is now pressed immediately, observe counter, at regular intervals
The size of record wind speed, when double-vane anemometer is not rotated further by, presses again the switch of double-vane anemometer, and closes first section
Only valve, records the autorotation of double-vane anemometer to the stopping time used；
If c holes are the coal mine gob containing high pressure pernicious gas, measure according to following sub-step：
C1 guarantees that the air-tightness of measurement apparatus is good, and records the face area of the double-vane anemometer；
C2 is closed in the head insertion testing bore holes by the drilling rod, and blocks the testing bore holes with closure capsule, is closed
First, second stop valve, and the reverser of air bleeding valve, air compressor is opened, ventilated into testing bore holes by air accumulator,
The pointer of observation second pressure table, when air accumulator gaseous state is vacuum, closes reversely opening for air bleeding valve and air compressor
Close, stop ventilation；
C3 opens the second stop valve, is ventilated into testing bore holes by air accumulator, observes second pressure table, if indicator is rotated
There is underground hole in the opposite side for illustrating testing bore holes, the switch of double-vane anemometer is pressed immediately, counter be observed, every certain
Time record wind speed size, observe second pressure table, when pointer no longer changes, open air compressor forward direction open
Close, by the gas suction air accumulator in underground hole, until the pointer of second pressure table maintains zero graduation, air accumulator stops logical
Gas, closes air compressor and the second stop valve, and records the autorotation of double-vane anemometer to the stopping time used；
D is calculated, and the wind speed size that step b2 and step c3 recorded assumes that minimum wind speed is v1, highest wind velocity is v2, then
Its average speed is taken according to formula (1)
Volume V in underground hole is calculated according to formula (2)
In formula (2), Q represents wind flow, and S represents the face area of double-vane anemometer, and t represents that double-vane anemometer autorotation is arrived
Stop the time used.
As a preferred version of the present invention, the second bypass duct between second stop valve and second pressure table
Air bleeding valve is installed on road.
Used as another preferred version of the present invention, the two ends of the double-vane anemometer are provided with ring flange, by two ends
Ring flange be connected with drilling rod, main pipeline respectively.
Preferably, the double-vane anemometer is made up of left wing and right flank two parts, wherein, respectively there are three leaves on the left and right wing
Piece.
The Advantageous Effects that the present invention is brought：
In terms of measurement apparatus, during the present invention is using the skin conduit insertion testing bore holes with closure leather bag, can be effective
Ground reduces inleakage, improves the accuracy of measurement；Double-vane anemometer is connected by ring flange with other pipelines, is being connected with triple valve
First pressure table and second pressure table are respectively equipped with the pipeline for connecing, may determine that ground by the way that whether observation gauge hand rotates
Lower hole presence or absence, the wind speed and time for observing and recording double-vane anemometer can calculate underground vacant spaces size.Should
Apparatus structure is reasonable in design, applied widely, energy-efficient, can overcome the existing detection model of existing Underground hole instrument
Enclose narrow, defect expensive and using complexity.
Measuring method of the present invention, has mainly used flow velocity relation to measure the volume in underground hole,
In measuring method, by the cooperation between the parts such as double-vane anemometer, first pressure table, second pressure table, obtain minimum wind speed,
The data such as the time used by highest wind velocity, double-vane anemometer autorotation to stopping, further by being calculated underground hole
Volume, the inventive method is different from measuring method of the prior art, and example proves that the measuring method is simple to operate, as a result accurately
It is reliable.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention will be further described：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of measurement apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the front view of double-vane anemometer；
Fig. 3 is the side view of double-vane anemometer；
In figure, 1, closure capsule, 2, drilling rod, 3, double-vane anemometer, 4, ring flange, 5, triple valve, the 6, first stop valve, 7,
First pressure table, the 8, second stop valve, 9, air bleeding valve, 10, second pressure table, 11, air compressor, 12, intake valve, 13, storage
Gas tank, 14, switch, 15, back to zero depression bar, 16, counter.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is elaborated with reference to specific embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, device of the present invention, including closure capsule 1, drilling rod 2, double-vane anemometer 3, first pressure
Table 7, second pressure table 10, air compressor 11 and air accumulator 13, wherein, drilling rod 2 is hollow drill, during measurement, the head of drilling rod 2
In portion's insertion testing bore holes, afterbody is connected on the ring flange 4 of the end of double-vane anemometer 3, and ring flange is screwed flange, i.e., in method
Pipe screw thread is processed on blue endoporus；For the sealing for ensureing to drill, in the insert division of drilling rod and testing bore holes closure capsule 1
Sealed, at the two ends of double-vane anemometer 3 ring flange 4 is all connected with, the ring flange 4 positioned at the double-vane anemometer of the other end is connected
Main pipeline, the end connecting tee valve 5 of main pipeline, two other interface of triple valve 5, one is connected with tie point pipeline,
Another is connected with the second bypass line, wherein, it is connected with the first stop valve 6, first pressure table on tie point pipeline in turn
7。
It is sequentially connected the second stop valve 8, air bleeding valve 9, second pressure table 10, air pressure in second bypass line from top to bottom
Contracting machine 11, intake valve 12 and air accumulator 13.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, double-vane anemometer 3, wherein so-called double-vane is left wing and right flank, in left wing and right flank
Upper to have three blades respectively, when the distinguished and admirable left side from double-vane anemometer flows into, the blade in left wing is rotated；When distinguished and admirable from the right side
When end face is flowed into, the blade in right flank is rotated, and blade can always be rotated with distinguished and admirable circulation, on the double-vane anemometer 3
Switch 14, back to zero depression bar 15 and counter 16 are provided with, calculator 16 is on the side, the counter can count distinguished and admirable and flow through
Speed and time.Because the area in underground hole is generally large, it flows out or the wind speed of inflow is generally in 0.8-25m/s
High speed is distinguished and admirable, therefore the material that double-vane anemometer axle and blade are adopted is similar with the material of blade with the axle of CFJ-25 high speed winds tables.
The air compressor that the present invention is adopted can be pressed into gas in air accumulator with Double-directional rotary, when turning clockwise；It is inverse
When hour hands rotate, gas is discharged from vacuum air storage tank.
When above-mentioned underground hole measurement apparatus are installed, the insertion testing bore holes of drilling rod 2, in the two ends Method for Installation of double-vane anemometer
Blue disk 4, drilling rod 2 is directly connected with ring flange 4, the connection main pipeline of ring flange 4, in the end connecting tee valve 5 of main pipeline, with
The first stop valve 6, first pressure table 7 are respectively mounted on the tie point pipeline of one interface connection of triple valve 5；With threeway
The second stop valve 8, air bleeding valve 9, second pressure table 10 are respectively mounted in second bypass line of another interface connection of valve 5,
Air compressor 11 is installed in the other end of second pressure table 10, is pacified respectively on the pipeline being connected with the other end of air compressor 11
Put into air valve 12 and air accumulator 13.
Underground hole is roughly divided into two classes, and a class is the subsidence area of gas near vacuum state in hole, and another kind of is empty
Contain the coal mine gob of high pressure pernicious gas in cave.
When first kind underground hole is measured, specific measuring method is：
1) before working, first suitable drilling rod 2 and closure capsule 1 are selected according to the size of drilling；Estimate underground hole to be measured
Space size, select the double-vane anemometer 3 of suitable range, then press back to zero depression bar 15, double-vane anemometer is returned to zero and is remembered
The face area of the selected double-vane anemometer of record, finally checks the whether gas leakage of each pipeline, each part of timely reinforcing pipes；
2) when working, first drilling rod 2 is stretched into testing bore holes, with closure capsule testing bore holes is blocked, closed second and end
Valve 8, then opens the first stop valve 6, observation first pressure table 7, if first pressure table indicator rotates the another of explanation drilling
There is underground hole in end, the switch 14 of double-vane anemometer 3 is pressed immediately, observe counter 16, and wind speed is recorded at regular intervals
Size, when double-vane anemometer is not rotated further by, press double-vane anemometer) switch 14, and close the first stop valve 6, remember
The autorotation of record double-vane anemometer 3 is to the stopping time used.
When Equations of The Second Kind underground hole is measured, specific measuring method is：
1) before working, first suitable drilling rod 2 and closure capsule 1 are selected according to the size of drilling；Estimate underground hole to be measured
Space size, select the double-vane anemometer 3 of suitable range, press back to zero depression bar 15 and double-vane anemometer 3 return to zero, and record institute
The face area of double-vane anemometer 3 is selected, the second stop valve 8 and the first stop valve 6 is then shut off and is opened air bleeding valve 9 and intake valve
12, open the reverser of air compressor 11 and observe the pointer of second pressure table, treat that vacuum air storage tank gaseous state is true
Space-time, closes air bleeding valve 9, intake valve 12 and two-way air compressor 11.
2) when working, first hollow drill 2 is stretched into testing bore holes, with closure capsule testing bore holes is blocked, open second
Stop valve 8 and intake valve 12, observation second pressure table 10, if the opposite side that second pressure table indicator rotates explanation testing bore holes is deposited
In underground hole, the switch 14 of double-vane anemometer 3 is pressed immediately, observe counter 16, per record wind speed at regular intervals
Size, observation second pressure table 10, works as indicator, when pointer no longer changes, opens the positive switch of two-way air compressor 11,
By in the gas suction sky air accumulator 13 in underground hole, until pointer is maintained in the range of zero graduation, intake valve 12, air is closed
The stop valve 8 of compressor 11 and second, finally records the autorotation of double-vane anemometer 3 to the stopping time used.
No matter gas enters or discharges underground hole, gas be all doing variable motion, therefore when wind speed is sought, selection
Gas flow rate is averagely pored over as the mean value of maximum wind velocity and minimum windspeed sum, and computing formula is as follows：
In formula,Represent average speed, v1Represent minimum speed, v2Maximum speed is represented, Q represents wind flow, and S represents wind
The face area of fast table, t represents the time that anemometer is rotated, and V represents the volume in underground hole
Embodiment 1：In laboratory a volume is taken for 12m3Air accumulator, be pumped near vacuum state, choose cross section half
Footpath is the anemometer of 12cm, first drilling rod is stretched into one section of pipeline being connected with air accumulator, and with closure capsule pipeline is blocked, and closes
The second stop valve 8 is closed, the first stop valve 6, observation first pressure table 7, if first pressure table indicator rotates explanation is then opened
There is underground hole in the other end of pipeline, the switch 14 of double-vane anemometer 3 is pressed immediately, observe counter 16, every 3s records
The size of wind speed, when double-vane anemometer is not rotated further by, presses double-vane anemometer) switch 14, and close the first stop valve
6, the autorotation of double-vane anemometer 3 is recorded to the time used is stopped, as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Calculated by formula：
vAveragely=(23+0)/2=11.5m/s
V=(11.50.045) 24=12.4m3
Institute's cube is similar to gas storage tank volume, so method may apply in actual measurement.
It should be noted that any equivalent way that those skilled in the art are made under the teaching of this specification, or
Obvious variant all should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method in a kind of measurement underground hole, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps successively：
A prepares and installs measurement apparatus, and the measurement apparatus include air accumulator, air compressor, double-vane anemometer, drilling rod, master
Pipeline, tie point pipeline and the second bypass line, connect the double-vane anemometer, by the double-vane by the tail end of the drilling rod
The other end of anemometer is connected with the main pipeline, and in the end of the main pipeline triple valve, the triple valve difference are connected with
It is connected with first bye-pass, the second bye-pass, on the tie point pipeline the first stop valve and first pressure is installed
Table；Install the second stop valve, second pressure table in second bypass line successively, the tail end of the second bypass line is connected successively
Connect air compressor, air accumulator；
B according to flow velocity relation measure underground hole volume, if in hole gas near vacuum state subsidence area, press
According to the measurement of following sub-step：
B1 guarantees that the air-tightness of measurement apparatus is good, and records the face area of the double-vane anemometer；
B2 inserts the head of the drilling rod in testing bore holes, and blocks the testing bore holes with closure capsule, closes second section
Only valve, opens the first stop valve, observes first pressure table, if the pointer of first pressure table rotates, shows testing bore holes
The other end there is underground hole, now press the switch of double-vane anemometer immediately, observe counter, record at regular intervals
The size of wind speed, when double-vane anemometer is not rotated further by, presses again the switch of double-vane anemometer, and closes the first cut-off
Valve, records the autorotation of double-vane anemometer to the stopping time used；
If c holes are the coal mine gob containing high pressure pernicious gas, measure according to following sub-step：
C1 guarantees that the air-tightness of measurement apparatus is good, and records the face area of the double-vane anemometer；
C2 is closed in the head of drilling rod insertion testing bore holes, and blocks the testing bore holes with closure capsule, close first,
Second stop valve, and the reverser of air bleeding valve, air compressor is opened, ventilated into testing bore holes by air accumulator, observe
The pointer of second pressure table, when air accumulator gaseous state is vacuum, closes the reverser of air bleeding valve and air compressor, stops
Only ventilate；
C3 opens the second stop valve, is ventilated into testing bore holes by air accumulator, observes second pressure table, if indicator rotates explanation
There is underground hole in the opposite side of testing bore holes, press the switch of double-vane anemometer immediately, observe counter, when certain
Between record the size of wind speed, observe second pressure table, when pointer no longer changes, open the positive switch of air compressor, will
In the gas suction air accumulator in underground hole, until the pointer of second pressure table maintains zero graduation, air accumulator stops ventilation, closes
Air compressor and the second stop valve are closed, and records the autorotation of double-vane anemometer to the stopping time used；
D is calculated, and the wind speed size that step b2 and step c3 recorded assumes that minimum wind speed is v1, highest wind velocity is v2, then according to
Formula (1) takes its average speed
Volume V in underground hole is calculated according to formula (2)
In formula (2), Q represents wind flow, and S represents the face area of double-vane anemometer, and t represents the autorotation of double-vane anemometer to stopping
Time used.
2. the method in measurement underground according to claim 1 hole, it is characterised in that：In second stop valve and second
Air bleeding valve is installed in the second bypass line between pressure gauge.
3. the method in measurement underground according to claim 1 hole, it is characterised in that：The two ends of the double-vane anemometer set
Ring flange is equipped with, is connected with drilling rod, main pipeline respectively by the ring flange at two ends.
4. the method in measurement underground according to claim 1 hole, it is characterised in that：The double-vane anemometer by left wing and
Right flank two parts are constituted, wherein, respectively there are three blades on the left and right wing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611120490.4A CN106643958B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A method of underground hole is measured using flow velocity relationship |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611120490.4A CN106643958B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A method of underground hole is measured using flow velocity relationship |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106643958A true CN106643958A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
| CN106643958B CN106643958B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
Family
ID=58820022
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611120490.4A Expired - Fee Related CN106643958B (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | A method of underground hole is measured using flow velocity relationship |
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| CN (1) | CN106643958B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109029619A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of volume measurement equipment based on dynamic pressure drop decaying |
| CN112180461A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-05 | 山东大学 | Cavity detection device, detection method and liquid-gas storage method |
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| JPH08201251A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-08-09 | Kakiuchi:Kk | Method and device for performing non-water tank type compression/expansion tests on high-pressure gas container |
| CN101520383A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | System for quantificationally collecting trace gas in rock group inclusion and use method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109029619A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of volume measurement equipment based on dynamic pressure drop decaying |
| CN109029619B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-02-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Volume measuring device based on dynamic differential pressure attenuation |
| CN112180461A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-01-05 | 山东大学 | Cavity detection device, detection method and liquid-gas storage method |
| CN112180461B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-11-23 | 山东大学 | Cavity detection device, detection method and liquid-gas storage method |
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| CN106643958B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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Granted publication date: 20190409 Termination date: 20191208 |