CN106639967A - Rubber sleeve coated with graphite layer, packer and bridge plug - Google Patents

Rubber sleeve coated with graphite layer, packer and bridge plug Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106639967A
CN106639967A CN201611123450.5A CN201611123450A CN106639967A CN 106639967 A CN106639967 A CN 106639967A CN 201611123450 A CN201611123450 A CN 201611123450A CN 106639967 A CN106639967 A CN 106639967A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sealing ring
packing element
ring
filament
graphite
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CN201611123450.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋炜
隆学武
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Tianding Sealing Technology (beijing)co Ltd
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Individual
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Priority to CN201611123450.5A priority Critical patent/CN106639967A/en
Publication of CN106639967A publication Critical patent/CN106639967A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/1208Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/128Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/134Bridging plugs

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sealing, in particular to a rubber sleeve coated with a graphite layer, a packer and a bridge plug. The rubber sleeve coated with the graphite layer, the packer and the bridge plug are capable of bearing high temperatures and high pressures, and are used in oil exploitation industries. The rubber sleeve coated with the graphite layer comprises at least one metal wire sealing ring and at least one cellosilk sealing ring, wherein the metal wire sealing rings and the cellosilk sealing rings are arranged in the axial direction, one of the metal wire sealing rings abuts against one of the cellosilk sealing rings and is arranged below one of the cellosilk sealing rings; each of the metal wire sealing rings is coated with a first graphite layer, and at least the outer side face of the metal wire sealing ring is coated with the first graphite layer; each of the cellosilk sealing rings is coated with a second graphite layer, and the at least the outer side face of the cellosilk sealing ring is coated with the second graphite layer. According to the rubber sleeve coated with the graphite layer, the packer and the bridge plug, only the middle part is coated with the graphite layer, and through the adoption of this structure of the rubber sleeve, not only the occurrence of shoulder protrusion can be prevented, the rubber sleeve can be prevented against degradation and corrosion after being used for a long time under a shaft.

Description

The packing element of coated graphite layer, packer and bridging plug
Technical field
The application is related to field of sealing technology, and used in more particularly to a kind of oil exploitation industry HTHP can be born The packing element of coated graphite layer, packer and bridging plug.
Background technology
Packer is a kind of key tool that oil field well recovers the oil, and is widely used in oil field dispensing, separate zone stimulation, layering and adopts The several work such as oil, mechanical pipe water blockoff, packer needs the packing for carrying out annular space, to realize that oil gas is layered, and realizes annular space The core component of packing is packing element.Bridging plug is also a kind of instrument of oil gas layering commonly used in oil extraction operation.Packer and The main distinction of bridging plug is, packer be usually pressure break, be acidified, look for the measure construction such as Lou when it is temporary transient stay in well, and bridge Plug is temporarily or permanently stayed in well in measures such as sealing oil recoveries.Packer and central tube stay well simultaneously, mix that give up can Individually to stay well, and bridging plug is then individually to stay well.Structurally, packer is hollow structure, can flow freely oil gas water, And in bridging plug it is then solid construction.
Used as the instrument of Oil-gas Separation, packer and bridging plug are required for packing element, and packing element is used as the critical component for sealing, its matter Amount directly affects the sealing effectiveness and service life of packer and bridging plug, and conclusive effect is played in packer and bridging plug. Packing element is typically made using rubber type of material, therefore referred to as packing element.But packing element is only the technology art that agreement becomes social custom in a kind of industry Language, for representing the functional parts for playing sealing function, and referring not only to packing element can only be made by rubber.When packing element bears one When fixed pressure is to promote its deformation for sealing, the deformability for considering packing element itself is needed, if deformation deficiency can cause it Sealing function cannot be played;If deformation is excessive, packing element may be caused to fail because of conquassation, lose recovery capability.Most of all, When packing element is acted in down-hole by high-temperature steam, packing element is acted on while being more and be subject to HTHP and failing causes to lose Go recovery capability.
9th phase in 2002《Petroleum machinery》Disclose《Packer compresses packing element " protrusion-dispelling " new construction》, wherein recording Following content:" so-called protrusion-dispelling, exactly lays certain blocker ring, support member, limits device and guard member etc. in packing element end, uses Packing element is projected towards oil sets annular space or flowed when preventing and limiting packer setting "." because anti-lug structure is for covering Annular gap between packer and sleeve pipe, during packer setting, once packing element deformation is contacted with casing wall, under load effect outside, The outburst prevention device just unfolded annular space covered between packer and casing wall, prevents packing element prominent towards in this annular space, forces the packing element to be in Respectively to uniform compression, the higher contact stress of packing element is produced and keeps, so as to obtain good sealing "." ... mainly have Copper bowl curing type and two kinds of steel mesh or steel band curing type.The former is that the thick copper bowls of two 2mm are solidificated in respectively into two end packing elements On certain end face, the latter is that the steel mesh or steel band of thick 1mm or so are solidificated in respectively on two end packing element end faces ".
2013 first-phase《Oil field equipment》Disclose《Packer rubber barrel structure is improved and benefit analysis》Text Chapter, wherein recording herein below:" string has 3 packing elements on conventional packer, is divided into the packing element physical dimension of upper, middle and lower 3 Identical and upper lower rubber cylinder is long packing element type, middle packing element is 2 kinds of versions of short rubber cylinder.Sent out by the research to traditional three packing elements structure Existing, play main seal effect is upper packing element ".Also, carry out non-linear point by non linear finite element analysis software Abaqus Analysis draws:" as axial load increases, axial compression amount also increases, and decrement increase is more apparent during beginning, and subsequent decrement increases Slow down greatly, packing element deformation tends towards stability;With the increase of setting force, packing element gradually increases with casing-contact length.Packing element appearance Cylinder partial limited radial deformation system, packing element inner surface deforms the outward bulge as appearance, and when load increases, packing element is crushed And be compacted finally.But because structure is limited, only going up packing element can be compacted.When operating pressure is 30MPa, upper packing element base There is slight shoulder in this completely densified, packing element upper end, but packing element does not occur isolates phenomenon, and shoulder is within allowed band ".
The first phase in 2009《Oil field equipment》In《The improvement of high-pressure packer cartridge》In think " due to rubber Glue top layer is easily torn, therefore considers to add layer of metal piece (such as copper sheet) on the top layer of rubber ".
But, above-mentioned prior art only analyzes the first axial compressive force of applying (equivalent to " axial load ") to packing element deformation Impact.But in actual production process, need to apply top-down first axial compressive force first to packing element to make glue Cylinder produces preliminary sealing, and then packing element applies the second axial compressive force that can be subject to from bottom to top (material such as downhole gas is to packing element Impact).According to the test of inventor, when the first axial compressive force is 30MPa, inventor has found that almost all of packing element all can There is shoulder, when further applying a second axial pressure (such as 15MPa or 20MPa), all of packing element can be at shoulder Generation is isolated, and causes seal failure.
Further, inventor also has found, though the sealing that packing element can be of short duration when pressure is applied a second axial, but well When the materials such as spirit body impact to packing element, the small molecule of the high temperature and high pressure steam being contained therein can be to the packing element of macromolecular material Degradation is produced, causes packing element to follow the string in bottom first and sealing function cannot be played, and then in the centre of packing element Portion also produces degraded and follows the string, and affects the long-lasting of packing element sealing.
The content of the invention
One purpose of the application is the drop for providing a kind of packing element of new structure design to prevent or reduce packing element Solution.
According to the one side of the application, there is provided a kind of packing element of coated graphite layer, with the through hole positioned at center, it is located at The inner surface of the through hole outer surface corresponding with the inner surface, respectively positioned at the packing element two ends upper end and Bottom and the pars intermedia between the upper end and the bottom, the upper end is used to bear in axial direction The first axial compressive force, the bottom is used to bear second contrary with first axial compressive force along the axial direction Axial compressive force;When first axial compressive force puts on the upper end, the upper end, pars intermedia and bottom are in footpath Deform upon to direction;When second axial compressive force puts on the bottom, the upper end, pars intermedia and bottom Deform upon in the radial direction, the packing element is included in the more than one wire sealing of the axial direction arrangement Ring and more than one filament sealing ring, one of those described wire sealing ring is close with filament one of those described Seal ring is inconsistent and is arranged on the lower section of the filament sealing ring;
The wire sealing ring includes cross one another many one metal wires and each wire bonds together Colloid;
The plurality of fibers silk of the filament sealing ring including cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant and by each fiber The colloid that silk bonds together;
The upper end of the packing element arranges a hard sealing ring to serve as the upper end of the packing element, the packing element Lower end arranges another described hard sealing ring to serve as the bottom of the packing element;
The first graphite linings are coated outside the wire sealing ring, it is close that first graphite linings at least coat the wire The lateral surface of seal ring;
The second graphite linings are coated outside the filament sealing ring, it is close that second graphite linings at least coat the filament The lateral surface of seal ring.
Preferably, first graphite linings coat lateral surface, upper surface and the lower surface of the wire sealing ring, institute State lateral surface, upper surface and lower surface that the second graphite linings coat the filament sealing ring;Or
First graphite linings coat lateral surface, medial surface, upper surface and the lower surface of the wire sealing ring, institute State lateral surface, medial surface, upper surface and lower surface that the second graphite linings coat the filament sealing ring.
Preferably, the outside of first graphite linings and second graphite linings is coated with protective layer, the protective layer It is destroyed in high temperature and liquefies or be cured as slag.
Preferably, the first inconsistent spacer ring is provided with below one of those described wire sealing ring, with the gold Be provided with the second inconsistent spacer ring above the category inconsistent filament sealing ring of silk sealing ring, described first every The hardness of ring and second spacer ring is all higher than the hardness of the wire sealing ring and the filament sealing ring;
Also, it is not provided with spacer ring between the wire sealing ring and its inconsistent filament sealing ring.
Preferably, first spacer ring and second spacer ring are metal material.
Preferably, first spacer ring and second spacer ring are aluminium material;
The thickness of first spacer ring is D1, and the thickness of second spacer ring is D2, and 4mm≤D1≤6mm, 4mm≤ D2≤6mm。
Preferably, the thickness of first spacer ring is 5mm.
Preferably, the thickness of second spacer ring is 5mm.
Preferably, first spacer ring and second spacer ring are iron material matter;
The thickness of first spacer ring is D1, and the thickness of second spacer ring is D2, and 2mm≤D1≤4mm, 2mm≤ D2≤4mm。
Preferably, the thickness of first spacer ring and second spacer ring is 3mm.
The hard sealing ring is graphite-seal ring, and the graphite-seal ring includes the carbon of cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant Filament and the graphite that each carbon fiber wire bonds together.
It is further preferred that the graphite-seal ring is coated with copper sheet.
According to further aspect of the application, there is provided a kind of packer, the packer has one of above-mentioned technical proposal institute The packing element of restriction.
According to another aspect of the application, there is provided there is a kind of bridging plug, the bridging plug one of above-mentioned technical proposal to be limited Packing element.
The technical scheme that the application is provided at least has the following technical effect that:
1st, according to the technical scheme of the application, the hardness of upper end is so subject to more than the hardness of pars intermedia in upper end During the first axial compressive force, upper end is more not for itself by the first axial pressure transmission to pars intermedia and bottom Radial deformation.Pars intermedia and bottom so can be allowed when using less first axial compressive force to occur radially to become Shape, the sealing overall so as to reach packing element.
2nd, according to the technical scheme of the application, in the case where the hardness of pars intermedia is constant, the application is by the hard of upper end Degree is set greater than the hardness of pars intermedia, and so when the first axial compressive force by formed objects is acted on, upper end is radially The deformation in direction is less, it is accordingly required in particular to it is noted that the shoulder that correspondingly upper end is formed because of radial deformation is also less.It is less Shoulder can be effectively prevented packing element and isolate, having reached prevents the effect of packing element seal failure.
3rd, in one embodiment, when filametntary quantity is more, filament sealing ring is partially hard, when filametntary quantity Filament sealing ring is partially soft when less, and the soft or hard journey of filament sealing ring thus can be adjusted according to filametntary quantity Degree, wire sealing ring is also such.So can be by changing the hardness of filament sealing ring or wire sealing ring come straight Connect and change the overall hardness of packing element, reach the purpose of the compression strength scope for increasing packing element.Also, when packing element is subject to first axially Pressure and when expanding, filament or wire will limit the expansion, so as to increase the structural rigidity of packing element on the whole, increase glue The compression strength of cylinder.
4th, multiple sealing rings (wire sealing ring, filament sealing ring and hard sealing ring) of the application are axially arranged, If there are indivedual sealing rings to damage during oil exploitation, the sealing ring of damage can be replaced by new sealing ring, and remaining Sealing ring is no longer changed.So on the whole for, increased the average use duration of single sealing ring, glue can be greatly reduced The usage amount of cylinder, reduces production cost.
5th, when colloid and graphite packing or carbon fiber plate root be combined into for filament sealing ring when, packing integrally can be played Supporting role, and colloid can play a part of to deform and seal to strengthen.The application is from existing packing rather than separately makes, energy Enough flexibilities for increasing production.According to the inventors knowledge, existing graphite packing and carbon fiber packing can tolerate HTHP Effect, but the resilience of graphite packing and carbon fiber packing is poor.In this application, colloidal dispersions are among packing, The packing that colloid contributes to being compressed after the disappearance of one axial compressive force carries out resilience, so as to be conducive to packing element to take out from down-hole.
6th, when the wire sealing ring of the application is arranged on the lower section of filament sealing ring, wire sealing ring because with center The friction of pipe and/or sleeve pipe can reduce the second axial compressive force from bottom to top for passing to filament sealing ring, and shoulder is produced A big chunk reason be that the second axial compressive force is excessive, so this design can reduce or prevent the generation of shoulder.
7th, in one embodiment of the application, in order to prevent high temperature and high pressure steam to the degraded of packing element or other gases pair The corrosion of packing element, all coated graphite layer corrodes and degrades needs to prevent or reduce where packing element is contacted with downhole gas, But in order to prevent the generation of shoulder, the upper and lower end parts for needing packing element are the metal for not being afraid of corrosion and degraded, especially corrosion resistant Erosion and the copper degraded.So the application is only to pars intermedia coated graphite layer, the packing element of this spline structure can either prevent sending out for shoulder It is raw, packing element is prevented from again to be occurred to degrade when long-time is used and corrode.
Description of the drawings
Describe some specific embodiments of the application in detail by way of example, and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter. Identical reference denotes same or similar part or part in accompanying drawing.In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the compression packer comprising packing element and central tube and the position relationship of sleeve pipe of the application one embodiment Schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the packing element and central tube and the position relationship schematic diagram of sleeve pipe of the application one embodiment, wherein only illustrating A part of packing element, central tube and sleeve pipe;
Fig. 3 shows that the packing element shown in Fig. 2 is applied in the shoulder and the central tube that produce after the first axial compressive force and sleeve pipe Position relationship schematic diagram, now also to packing element does not apply a second axial pressure;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the packing element of the application one embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of the application one embodiment sealing ring;
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment;
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of the application one embodiment;
Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view of the packing element of the not shown through hole of the application one embodiment;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the packing element of the three-stage according to the application one embodiment.
Reference in figure is as follows:
10- packing elements, 101- outer surfaces, 102- inner surfaces, 103- through holes, 104- upper ends, 105- pars intermedias, 106- lower ends Portion, 107- shoulders;
108- matrixes, 109- colloids, the copper sheets of 111- first, 111a- inner sides copper sheet, copper sheet on the outside of 111b-, 111c- openings, 111d- upsides copper sheet, 111e- downsides copper sheet, the copper sheets of 112- second, the copper sheets of 113- the 3rd, the graphite linings of 114- second;
30- central tubes;
40- sleeve pipes;
50- rigidity spacer rings, the spacer rings of 51- first, the spacer rings of 52- second, the spacer rings of 53- the 3rd, the spacer rings of 54- the 4th;
70- sealing rings, 71- wire sealing rings, 72- filament sealing rings, 73- graphite-seal rings;
200- compression packers;
The axial directions of A- first;
The axial directions of B- second;
F1- the first axial compressive force;
F2- the second axial compressive force.
Specific embodiment
Direction hereinafter described " on ", D score be using Fig. 2 as with reference to narration.
Compression packer 200 as shown in Figure 1 has the packing element 10 of the application.During compression packer 200 is connected to It is placed on heart pipe 30 in sleeve pipe 40.Compression packer 200 needs in the wellbore different oil reservoirs, water layer to be separated and held By certain pressure reduction, it is desirable to can descend pit shaft precalculated position, packing is tight, can have durability in down-hole again, can be smooth when needing Rise.
As shown in Fig. 2 packing element 10 is located in the annular space that sleeve pipe 40 and central tube 30 are constituted, rigid spacer ring 50 is in axial direction First axial compressive force F of (i.e. the first axial direction A) from top to bottom is provided on direction1, can also remove in other embodiments Rigid spacer ring 50 and by the first axial compressive force F can be applied to packing element 101Other parts replacing.As shown in Fig. 2 10 liang of packing element Hold as upper end 104 and bottom 106, pars intermedia 105 is located between upper end 104 and bottom 106.Upper end 104 is used for Bear the first axial compressive force F in axial direction1, bottom 106 be used for bear in axial direction with the first axial compressive force F1Phase The second anti-axial compressive force F2.Used as a part for packing element 10, upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 should have It is flexible.As a kind of explanation to elasticity and the restriction of elastic size, when the first axial compressive force F1Put on upper end 104 When, upper end 104, pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 deform upon in radial direction;When the second axial compressive force F2Put on During bottom 106, upper end 104, pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 deform upon in radial direction.Implementing shown in Fig. 2 In example, upper end 104 and bottom 106 are respectively provided with hypotenuse, and the hypotenuse can also be not provided with other embodiments.
As shown in figure 3, inventor has found, when upper end 104 is subject to the first axial compressive force F1When, upper end 104 can produce Very big shoulder 107, when applying a second axial pressure F again2When, isolate at the shoulder 107 that upper end 104 can in figure 3. Fig. 3 merely illustrates the shoulder upwards for relatively mostly occurring, and the downward shoulder of not shown less generation.
Below the structure design of shoulder 107 is reduced or prevented describing the application.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the generally tubular of packing element 10, packing element 10 has the through hole 103 positioned at center, the through hole 103 are limited by inner surface 102 and are formed, and outer surface 101 is located at the outside of the through hole 103 corresponding with inner surface 102.When One axial compressive force F1Axial compressive force F of upper end 104 or second is acted on along the first axial direction A2Along the second axial direction B effects When bottom 106, the entirety of packing element 10 will be axially compressed and be radially expanded (with " deforming upon in radial direction " tool Have identical implication), promote the outwardly convex of outer surface 101 and inner surface 102 is inwardly protruding, but be usually outer in sequential The first partly outwardly convex in surface 101.Applying the first axial compressive force F1Afterwards, the central tube in inner surface 102 and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 30 sealings, outer surface 101 is sealed with the sleeve pipe 40 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Usually, the space between inner surface 102 and central tube 30 Less (almost bonded to each other), and the gap between outer surface 101 and sleeve pipe 40 is larger, because central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40 are distinguished The maximum raised size of inner surface 102 and outer surface 101 is defined, so causing the outwardly convex of outer surface 101 Degree is more than the inwardly protruded degree of inner surface 102.
A kind of design for reducing shoulder 107:
As described above, upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 should have elasticity, but in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 institutes In showing embodiment, the hardness of upper end 104 is more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, that is to say, that upper end 104, bottom 106 are with Between portion 105 it is elastic of different sizes.So the first axial compressive force F is born in upper end 1041When, pars intermedia 105 is in radial direction Deformation is more than deformation of the upper end 104 in radial direction.
Because the hardness of upper end 104 is more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, so it is subject to first axially to press in upper end 104 Power F1When, upper end 104 is more by first axial compressive force F1Pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 are passed to not for certainly The radial deformation of body.So can be using less first axial compressive force F1When can allow pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 Raw radial deformation, so as to reach the sealing of the entirety of packing element 10.Inventor in experiments it is found that, if the hardness of upper end 104 is little In the hardness of pars intermedia 105, then upper end 104 is by the first axial compressive force F1When, it is more to become for the radial direction of itself Shape rather than pass to pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106, it is impossible to prevent or reduce shoulder 107 as shown in Figure 3.
According to the technical scheme of the application, in the case where the hardness of pars intermedia 105 is constant, the application is by upper end 104 Hardness be set greater than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, so in the first axial compressive force F by formed objects1During effect, upper end Portion 104 is less in the deformation of radial direction, it is accordingly required in particular to it is noted that correspondingly upper end 104 is formed because of radial deformation Shoulder 107 is also less.Less shoulder 107 can be effectively prevented packing element 10 and isolate, and having reached prevents the seal failure of packing element 10 Effect.
Due to the radial direction deformation of upper end 104 it is less, it is likely that ground, now upper end 104 radial direction deformation Jing deficiencies seal sleeve pipe 40 and central tube 30, that is to say, that now upper end 104 will no longer play sealing function, and be only By the first axial compressive force F being subject to1Pars intermedia 105 and bottom 106 are passed to, this is the packing element 10 and prior art of the application Packing element a critically important difference.And, even if the radial direction deformation of upper end 104 it is larger and by sleeve pipe 40 and center Pipe 30 is sealed, and the now sealing of upper end 104 is also only a supplement to the sealing of pars intermedia 105.No matter whether upper end 104 Play sealing function, setting of the hardness of upper end 104 more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, it is therefore prevented that shoulder 107 it is excessive and caused Packing element 10 is isolated, also can be with less first axial compressive force F1Packing element 10 is sealed.
According to the technical scheme of the application, in the case where the hardness of pars intermedia 105 is constant, the application is by upper end 104 Hardness be set greater than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, but so upper end 104 in the first axial compressive force F1May be simultaneously under effect Do not contact with sleeve pipe 40 and do not play sealing function.Under this kind of special construction, when so that bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 Hardness it is essentially identical when, the sealing of the packing element of the application is provided by bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105;When bottom 106 with When the hardness of upper end 104 is essentially identical, the sealing of the packing element of the application is provided by pars intermedia 105.Such glue of the application Cylinder 10 is entirely different in the structure for sealing with the packing element of prior art.
As a preferred embodiment, when the outer wall of upper end 104 and the inconsistent inwall of sleeve pipe 40, be more preferably on During the inner wall sealing of the outer wall of end 104 and sleeve pipe 40, now it is covered in pars intermedia the basic homalographic in the bottom of upper end 104 105 top, upper end 104 and pars intermedia 105 are substantially not present difference in the radial direction, so as to pars intermedia 105 with The junction of upper end 104 produce it is downward compress effect, prevent or reduce junction to raise up and cause shoulder.
If " being as above more by first axial compressive force F to reach1Pass to pars intermedia 105 and lower end Radial deformation of the portion 106 not for itself " and upper end 104 do not produce the effect of shoulder 107, it is possible to use on-deformable Metal derby, such as iron block.If the diameter of metal derby is less, with the pars intermedia 105 of metal block contact can produce it is bigger upwards Projection, and if metal derby be relatively large in diameter, in view of the bending situation of sleeve pipe 40, larger metal derby is difficult in sleeve pipe 40 Suitable position is slided into, is especially considering that coasting distance may be when 1 kilometer and the inwall of sleeve pipe 40 have raised debris.And And be not easy to be detached from sleeve pipe into larger metal derby if foreign matter in the sleeve pipe 40.On the other hand, packing element 10 from The lifting force pulled out in sleeve pipe 40 is less, can not detach metal derby from sleeve pipe 40, and lifting force is larger may then to damage sleeve pipe 40.Consider, upper end used in this application 104 has elasticity, but needs to be defined the elasticity of upper end 104, i.e., The hardness of upper end 104 is more than the hardness of pars intermedia 105, and the diameter that such upper end 104 can do is less, convenient in sleeve pipe Mobile, for example upper end 104 can be identical with the diameter of pars intermedia 105.Because upper end 104 is harder, its own is difficult to be formed Projection that is raised or being formed upwards is less, due in compression upper end 104 radial direction gradually extensional and send out Raw deformation, reduces the space between upper end 104 and sleeve pipe 40, so as to reduce or prevent the projection upwards of pars intermedia 105.
In one embodiment, the hardness of bottom 106 more than pars intermedia 105 hardness so that bottom 106 bears the Two axial compressive forces F2When, pars intermedia 105 is more than deformation of the bottom 106 in radial direction in the deformation of radial direction.Based on same The principle of sample, such structure is prevented from bottom 106 and is bearing the first axial compressive force F1Or second axial compressive force F2When produce The downward projection of life, and can produced it is downwardly convex in the case of preventing bottom 106 from further bearing second Axial compressive force F2Shi Zaocheng is raised to become big, and so as to prevent bottom 106 from being isolated the seal failure of packing element 10 is caused.
In another embodiment, upper end 104 is essentially identical with the hardness of bottom 106, that is to say, that upper end No matter 104 hardness that pars intermedia 105 is all higher than with the hardness of bottom 106, be so subject to the first axial compressive force F1Or second Axial compressive force F2When, the deformation of pars intermedia 105 is all higher than upper end 104 and bottom 106.Such structure can make pars intermedia 105 quickly reach sealing state, and prevent or reduce upper end 104 with the generation of bottom 106 shoulder.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 in embodiment, packing element 10 is by upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105 3 It is grouped into.By taking Fig. 4 as an example, in the first axial direction A, that is, on top-down direction, three sealing rings 70 fill respectively When upper end 104, bottom 106 and pars intermedia 105, but it is more to serve as pars intermedia 105 by least two sealing rings 70.
Another kind reduces the design of shoulder 107:
Background section mention " so-called protrusion-dispelling, exactly packing element end lay certain blocker ring, support member, limit dress Put with guard member etc., packing element is projected towards oil sets annular space or flowed during for preventing and limit packer setting "." mainly have Copper bowl curing type and two kinds of steel mesh or steel band curing type.The former is that the thick copper bowls of two 2mm are solidificated in respectively into two end packing elements On certain end face, the latter is that the steel mesh or steel band of thick 1mm or so are solidificated in respectively on two end packing element end faces ".
Above two existing design follows same thinking:Directly the happening part in shoulder is limited using attaching means System, directly to prevent the generation of shoulder.So the hardness of attaching means needs to consider:In the mistake of packing element deformation if attaching means is really up to the mark Cheng Zhong, it is likely that attaching means can produce incised wound to packing element, cannot play a part of to prevent shoulder if attaching means is excessively soft.So right The requirement of attaching means is very strict, such as the copper bowl of above-mentioned prior art, need the thickness of strict control copper bowl Degree.
As stated in the Background Art " according to the test of inventor, when the first axial compressive force is 30MPa, inventor has found several Can all there is shoulder in all of packing element, all of when further applying a second axial pressure (such as 15MPa or 20MPa) Packing element can be produced at shoulder and isolated, and cause seal failure ".Inventor thinks be changed from the structure of packing element itself Enter a kind of can either seal and not allow to be also easy to produce the packing element structure of shoulder to develop.But contradiction is, if desired packing element is realized Then packing element can not be too hard for sealing function, and then packing element can not be too soft if desired to prevent shoulder.If packing element is a hardness homogeneous body, Need to select the material that can play of suitable stiffness, according to prior art from the point of view of, tolerance is not worldwide also developed at present The new material that 20MPa high pressure and 350 DEG C of high temperature are acted on simultaneously.
The application employs different thinkings:First the packing element 10 of the application is by multiple sealing rings in axial direction arrangement 70 compositions, so each sealing ring 70 just can be different with hardness because of the selection of material, the packing element 10 that harder sealing ring 70 is arranged Two ends can play the problem for preventing shoulder from producing, softer sealing ring 70 can then play the effect of sealing.Further, such as Shown in Figure 11, packing element 10 is included in the more than one wire sealing ring 71 and more than one filament of axial direction arrangement Sealing ring 72, one of wire sealing ring 71 is inconsistent with one of filament sealing ring 72 and is arranged on the fibre The lower section of dimension silk sealing ring 72.Wherein, wire sealing ring 71 includes cross one another many one metal wires and by each wire The colloid for bonding together.Wherein, the plurality of fibers silk of filament sealing ring 72 including cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant and The colloid that each filament is bonded together.Inventor has found work of the existing filament in 22Mpa pulling force through test of many times Can rupture with, therefore the filament sealing ring 72 that filament is made also is easy to send out under the effect of 22Mpa axial compressive forces Raw fracture.Therefore inventor selects to have used wire sealing ring 71.But wire is less than filament with the adhesive of colloid With the adhesive of colloid, if the part for sealing is all using wire sealing ring 71, the wire under high pressure effect Colloid in sealing ring 71 is likely to come off, and causes packing element 10 to seal, thus the application by wire sealing ring 71 with it is fine The pairing of dimension silk sealing ring 72 is used.The reason for wire sealing ring 71 is arranged on the lower section of filament sealing ring 72 is to invent People has found that the generation of shoulder and the rupture of shoulder are more occur to be applied in the second axial direction pressure from bottom to top in packing element 10 Power F2When, when wire sealing ring 71 is arranged on the lower section of filament sealing ring 72, wire sealing ring 71 because with central tube 30 and/or the friction of sleeve pipe 40 can reduce the axial compressive force for passing to filament sealing ring 72, now can effectively reduce fibre The axial compressive force that dimension silk sealing ring 72 is subject to, and shoulder Producing reason is that axial compressive force is excessive, so this design can To reduce or prevent the generation of shoulder.In addition wire sealing ring 71 is made up of wire and colloid, by first axle To pressure F1When, its inner and outer wall has substantially been contacted with central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40 respectively, so in the He of central tube 30 In the annular space that sleeve pipe 40 is constituted, wire sealing ring 71 with annular space cross section identical area putting on fibre substantially On dimension silk sealing ring 72, along with wire sealing ring 71 compares the characteristic of the anti-shoulder structurally flexible of simple metal, wire sealing Ring 71 will not be produced to filament sealing ring 72 and isolated.Especially, as shown in figure 11, when the two ends of packing element 10, to be respectively graphite close During seal ring 73, because graphite-seal ring 73 is relatively hard, also it is arranged with outside graphite-seal ring 73 in a preferred embodiment Copper sheet, graphite-seal ring 73 can't isolate wire, thus will not also isolate wire sealing ring 71.It should be noted that Graphite-seal ring 73 is only one kind of hard sealing ring, can also be the copper ring through quenching.In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, it is real The combination of the anti-shoulder design of above two is showed, effect is obvious.
A wire sealing ring 71 and a filament sealing ring 72 are only schematically illustrated in Figure 11, in other realities Apply and can also arrange in example more wire sealing rings 71, matching with wire sealing ring 71 for equal number is similarly set The filament sealing ring 72 of conjunction.
Come specifically to describe the shape and structure of filament sealing ring 72 below.
In process of the test inventor find, due to the soft or hard of packing element 10 it is variant, for example, by polyether-ether-ketone make glue Cylinder 10 is harder, makes packing element 10 reach the first axial compressive force F for setting needs1It is larger to press in the first axial direction of nominal amount in other words Power F1Lower rubber cylinder 10 deforms deficiency, causes packing element 10 to play sealing function.When packing element 10 is made using softer colloid, The packing element 10 understands the first axial compressive force F because sustaining nominal amount again1And by conquassation or i.e. allow to sustain One axial compressive force F1But it is being subsequently subjected to the second axial compressive force F2When packing element can also be by conquassation.
During solution packing element 10 is softer, once adulterate inventor multiple high temperature high voltage resistants being separated from each other in colloid Filament, such as graphite packing silk, glass fiber.Such structure can solve the problem that to a certain extent packing element 10 is overall partially Soft problem.But, inventor is further discovered that, although each is connected the filament of doping with colloid, but each filament Between be not connected to substantially or connect less, so the hardness of packing element 10 can only limitedly be increased very much.So, inventor devises Following technical scheme:As shown in figure 5, constituting a matrix 108 using cross one another plurality of fibers silk, and make colloid 109 It is distributed on the surface of matrix 108 and each filament of bonding is forming filament sealing ring 72, this spline structure has in radial direction side To ductility, in other words, filament sealing ring 72 is enable within the specific limits due to the mutual tied up in knots of each filament Diameter change does not occur to rupture (mainly filametntary fracture), during the diameter of filament sealing ring 72 becomes big, phase The filament for mutually intersecting will be offset a part and promote its diameter to become the first big axial compressive force F1, so as to cause filament close The diameter of seal ring 72 increases to a certain extent, it is desirable to provide the first bigger axial compressive force F1.Especially, colloid 109 is by each friendship The filament of fork tightly links together, and the diameter to cause filament sealing ring 72 increases to a certain extent, it is necessary to The first bigger axial compressive force F1.For conclusion, each filament intersects to form a resistance, and colloid 109 glues each filament A resistance is connect and is formed, in the presence of the two resistances, filament sealing ring 72 compares difficult compression, and this is equivalent to glue Cylinder 10 is overall to be hardened.When the filametntary quantity in the certain volume of filament sealing ring 72 is roughly the same, inventor has found Can adjust cross one another filametntary quantity by changing the thickness of filament sealing ring 72, and then can adjust required First axial compressive force F1Size be applied to packing element 10 setting force size.Likewise it is possible to it is close to pass through increase filament Filametntary quantity in the certain volume of seal ring 72 adjusting cross one another filametntary quantity, and then needed for also adjusting The first axial compressive force F1Size.
In fig. 5 it is shown that the second graphite linings 114, the second graphite linings 114 be distributed in the lateral surface of filament sealing ring 72 and Medial surface.In a preferred embodiment, the second graphite linings 114 are only distributed in the lateral surface of filament sealing ring 72, this be due to " space less (almost bonded to each other) between inner surface 102 and central tube 30, and outer surface 101 and sleeve pipe mentioned above Gap between 40 is larger ", so the medial surface of filament sealing ring 72 is easier to be sealed with central tube 30, and filament is sealed The outer surface of ring 72 is likely to have very small gap between sleeve pipe 40, and other gas meetings such as steam of HTHP Constantly packing element 10 is produced by these small gaps after packing element 10 is sealed and corrode and degrade.In other embodiments In, the lateral surface of the covered fiber silk sealing ring 72 of the second graphite linings 114, upper surface and lower surface.Although the second graphite linings 114 Be resistant to high temperature and high pressure, but its easily tear it is broken, so in this application the second graphite linings 114 are externally coated with guarantor Sheath, the effect of the protective layer is only that during down-hole is reached or during transport and prevents the second graphite linings 114 damage, and such as protective layer can be that common glue solidification is formed or vinyon layer, and these protective layers can't Produce positive effect to the sealing of packing element 10, and can be destroyed in high temperature and liquefy or be cured as slag.First graphite linings Be distributed in wire sealing ring 71 position and outside protective layer it is similar, here is omitted.
Fig. 5 is returned to, for the clear needs in structure, Fig. 5 illustrate only the colloid for being coated on all surface of matrix 108 109, and the not shown colloid 109 penetrated into inside matrix 108.Illustrate as to surface herein, such as when matrix 108 When cross section is circular, the colloid 109 in Fig. 5 is located on the periphery of matrix 108.Matrix 108 is by many high temperature resistant height in Fig. 5 The filament of pressure is polymerized, and such as filament can be the material of other high temperature high voltage resistants such as glass fibre or carbon fiber. In one embodiment, each filament longitude and latitude is woven together and forms matrix 108, each fiber in other are embodiment Silk can also otherwise be woven together and form matrix 108.
The thickness of matrix 108 is 1.8cm-2.5cm in Fig. 5, and filametntary diameter selects to be 7-30 μm, thus can be one The filament with substantial amounts, can greatly improve the hardness of packing element 10 on individual filament sealing ring 72.According to inventor's Test, the thickness of matrix 108 less than 2cm being advisable.This is because, inventor has found, needs the glue by colloid 109 is formed Penetrate in matrix 108 to form filament sealing ring 72, but as the permeating speed of the increase glue of the thickness of matrix 108 will gradually It is slack-off.The speed that especially glue penetrates into after the thickness of matrix 108 is more than 2.5cm will be very slow.So, in an enforcement In example, the thickness of each matrix 108 is 2cm, can also be in other embodiments 1.8cm or 2.5cm.
By narration above, in the technical scheme of the application, not necessarily need the filament that there is elasticity, This is because the contraction and expansion of packing element 10 are completed by colloid 109.Mentioned above, colloid 109 is distributed in the table of each matrix 108 It is on face and internal and by each filament bonding.It is desired that colloid every filament of 109 bonding, and each filament is handed over Bond together fork.
Similarly, here is omitted for wire sealing ring 71.
The copper sheet coated on packing element 10 is described in detail below.
Inventor's discovery, after shoulder 107 is solved the problems, such as, can play close if packing element 10 is from suitable material Envelope is acted on, but through very short time (such as six hours) packing element 10 or meeting seal failure in the environment of HTHP, it is right The packing element 10 of failure is researched and analysed, it is found that packing element is failed because of the rupture of shoulder 107, and is because packing element Fester and fail in 10 bottom 106.Through studying, little point of the high temperature and high pressure steam being contained within downhole gas that festers Son can produce what degraded was caused to the packing element of macromolecular material.After packing element 10 is sealed, the only lower surface and well of bottom 106 Spirit body directly contact, so as to cause packing element 10 to degrade from the bottom up failure.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, sealing ring 70 is coated with the first copper sheet 111, the cladding sealing ring of the first copper sheet 111 70 lower surface (lower portion), medial surface (left-hand component), lateral surface (right-hand component).As can be seen that the first copper sheet 111 has There is opening 111c, the 111c that is open is located at the upper surface of sealing ring 70, and extends along the upper surface of sealing ring 70.In an enforcement In example, referring to Fig. 5, opening 111c can also be shrunk to a perforate along the upper surface of sealing ring 70.Opening 111c or perforate Design, be in order in the case of HTHP, to flow out for the gas of remaining in sealing ring 70, in the sealing ring that top is arranged The gas that HTHP can also be prevented when the perforate is compressed is flowed into from the perforate.In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, being open 111c will Second copper sheet 112 is covered, and also can use the second copper sheet 112 to cover opening 111c in other embodiments.
It has to be considered that sealing ring 70 is annular, so the first copper sheet 111 being coated on outside it is also annular, First copper sheet 111 of annular easily produces rupture in bending place, so in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the first copper sheet 111 is coated The upper surface of sealing ring 70, lower surface and lateral surface and the not medial surface (left-hand component) of cladding sealing ring 70.So, first Copper sheet 111 only needs to once to bend i.e. formable, improves the production efficiency of the first copper sheet 111.It is previously mentioned " inner surface 102 (almost bonded to each other) less with the space between central tube 30, and the gap between outer surface 101 and sleeve pipe 40 is larger ", institute With sealing ring 70 only need very little it is inwardly protruding by seal with central tube 30, and need the very big outwardly convex just can be with set Pipe 40 is sealed, and the face for thus not coating copper sheet does not select to be selected in medial surface in lateral surface.
Referring to Fig. 7, in the figure 7 the edge of opening of the first copper sheet 111 is concordant with the medial surface of sealing ring 70, and this design is In the case where medial surface does not coat copper sheet, as much as possible protection is produced to the upper and lower surface of sealing ring 70, reduce high temperature high Degradation of the pressure steam to sealing ring 70.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, sealing ring 70 is coated with the 3rd copper sheet 113, the cladding sealing ring 70 of the 3rd copper sheet 113 Lower surface, medial surface, lateral surface and upper surface, or the upper surface of the cladding sealing ring 70 of the 3rd copper sheet 113, lower surface with And lateral surface and the not medial surface of cladding sealing ring 70.When the first copper sheet 111 is also coated on the upper of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end During surface, the shape of the first copper sheet is identical with the 3rd copper sheet 113.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, sealing ring 70 is coated with inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b, inner side copper sheet A part of lower surface of 111a cladding sealing rings 70, whole medial surfaces (left-hand component) and a part of upper surface.Outside copper sheet A part of lower surface of 111b cladding sealing rings 70, whole lateral surfaces (right-hand component) and a part of upper surface.And it is interior Side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b have the part of the superposition that overlaps in upper and lower surface.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, sealing ring 70 is coated with upside copper sheet 111d and downside copper sheet 111e, upside copper A part of medial surface of skin 111d cladding sealing rings 70, whole upper surfaces (upper rim portion) and a part of lateral surface.Downside copper A part of medial surface of skin 111e cladding sealing rings 70, whole lower surfaces (lower portion) and a part of lateral surface.And on Side copper sheet 111d and downside copper sheet 111e have the part of the superposition that overlaps in medial surface and lateral surface.In one embodiment In, upside copper sheet 111d and downside copper sheet 111e prevents the small molecule and sealing ring 70 of high temperature and high pressure steam in overlapping welding Directly contact.
Fig. 9 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 10 prevent the first copper sheet also for the quantity of the bending place for reducing by the first copper sheet 111 111 easily produce rupture in bending place, and also improve the production efficiency of the first copper sheet 111.
Referring to Figure 11, when two graphite-seal rings 73 of lower end are coated with Fig. 6, Fig. 8 or Fig. 9 copper sheet, height is prevented from The small molecule of warm high steam is caused to corrode and degraded to the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end.Further, due to the graphite of lower end Sealing ring 73 is only contradicted with central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40, only plays slight sealing function, graphite-seal ring 73 and the set of lower end Gap is likely that there are between pipe 40, so being also required to cover copper sheet on the lateral surface of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end.Due to The upper surface of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end is compressed by the lower surface of wire sealing ring 71, has been completely cut off and high temperature and high pressure steam The directly contact of small molecule, from from the aspects of this, the upper surface of the graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end simultaneously need not cover copper sheet.If Thus, being then necessarily located at the opening of copper sheet on the lateral surface of graphite-seal ring 73 of lower end, so in packing element 10 by compression During radial deformation, the opening of copper sheet can be produced to wire sealing ring 71 and isolated, thus in the embodiment shown in fig. 6, Opening 111c is located on upper surface, in order to further completely cut off the directly contact with the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam, opening 111c covers the second copper sheet 112.Inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b in Fig. 9 is " u "-shaped structure, when mounted First inner side copper sheet 111a can be set on sealing ring 70 from medial surface, outside copper sheet 111b is set in into sealing from lateral surface On ring 70 and sections inner side copper sheet 111a, such structure can be conveniently mounted to copper sheet on sealing ring 70, improve peace Dress efficiency.For two graphite-seal rings 73 of upper end, its structure after combining with copper sheet can be Fig. 6, Fig. 8 or Fig. 9 Shown structure.When the structure shown in Fig. 6, need to rotate 180 degree to make by the first copper sheet 111 and the second copper sheet 112 With the 111c that is now open is pressed against by the upper surface of filament sealing ring 72, and such structure is prevented from opening 111c and opens. By being used separately as the narration in top and bottom to structure shown in Fig. 6, it is known that opening 111c all should be by adjacent close Seal ring is pressed against, and prevents opening 111c when by the first axial compressive force F1 or the second axial compressive force F2 from opening.Knot in Fig. 8 Structure, after sealing ring 70 can be coated by using copper sheet again at gap welding realizing.Structure in Fig. 9, why will The lap of inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b is arranged at the upper and lower surface of sealing ring 70, and reason is, when The lap of inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b is when being arranged at the medial surface or lateral surface of sealing ring 70, when to first In axial compressive force F1 or the second axial compressive force F2 compression process, may adjacent sealing ring be caused to isolate, and overlapping portion Set up the upper and lower surface for being placed in sealing ring 70 separately, adjacent sealing ring can to overlapping portion extrusion, further completely cut off with The directly contact of the small molecule of high temperature and high pressure steam.The overlapping welding of inner side copper sheet 111a and outside copper sheet 111b in Fig. 9 The structure shown in Fig. 8 can be formed afterwards.And can prevent from bearing the second axial compressive force by the setting to copper sheet thickness F2When shoulder rupture.In one embodiment, the thickness of copper sheet is 1mm.
Need especially, it is emphasized that the outer cladding copper sheet of graphite-seal ring 73, to realize and central tube 30 and sleeve pipe 40 Sealing, i.e. metal and the sealing of metal, then need very big pressure.In embodiments herein, including not coating copper sheet Wire sealing ring 71 and filament sealing ring 72.The graphite-seal ring 73 of bottom prevents most HTHP from steaming Vapour, the graphite-seal ring 73 of secondary lower end further prevents a part of high temperature and high pressure steam, so reaches the He of wire sealing ring 71 The high temperature and high pressure steam of filament sealing ring 72 is just considerably less, is effectively reduced high temperature and high pressure steam to wire sealing ring 71 and the corrosion and degraded of filament sealing ring 72, extend the sealing duration of packing element 10.
When as shown in figure 12, when packing element 10 is three-stage, each section of packing element can be a single packing element, so Packing element 10 shown in Figure 12 is equivalent to be spliced in the axial direction by three separate packing elements.Figure 12 is only with packing element 10 be three-stage as an example, in other embodiments packing element can also have other sections, such as two sections or five sections.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, the lower section of wire sealing ring 71 is provided with the first inconsistent spacer ring 51, fiber The top of silk sealing ring 72 is provided with the second inconsistent spacer ring 52, the first spacer ring 51, the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the The hardness of four spacer rings 54 is all higher than the hardness of wire sealing ring 71 and filament sealing ring 72.Also, wire sealing ring 71 Spacer ring is not provided between filament sealing ring 72.3rd spacer ring 53 is arranged between two graphite-seal rings 73 of upper end, the Four spacer rings 54 are arranged between two graphite-seal rings 73 of lower end.
The spacer ring (the first spacer ring 51, the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the 4th spacer ring 54) of the application and prior art Spacer ring role be different:In the prior art spacer ring is that reason its harder characteristic is set directly at packing element 10 Two ends are preventing the generation of shoulder.And in this application, because packing element 10 is by multiple sealing rings (wire sealing ring 71, fibre Dimension silk sealing ring 72 and graphite-seal ring 73) composition, due to the hardness of each sealing ring it is different, so in axial compressive force Lower each sealing ring deformation in the axial direction of effect is different, such as due to due to filament sealing ring 72 is softer and in axle To pressure effect under be partially embedded in adjacent graphite-seal ring 73, this packing element can be caused to seal or sealing effectiveness not It is good.So in this application, the design of spacer ring is to provide for a uniform plane of constraint, and thus those skilled in the art can Know, two stress surfaces up and down of spacer ring in this application all should be as far as possible for plane, and for rigidity.First spacer ring 51, The upper and lower surfaces that the rigidity spacer ring such as the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the 4th spacer ring 54 can be contacted equably to it apply Pressure, prevent wire sealing ring 71, filament sealing ring 72 and graphite-seal ring 73 by axial compressive force and in upper table Face or lower surface become uneven.
Spacer ring is not provided between wire sealing ring 71 and filament sealing ring 72, its reason is, when being under pressure, Wire sealing ring 71 can be combined as a whole with filament sealing ring 72, integrally play sealing function.If arranging spacer ring, in pressure Under power effect, wire sealing ring 71 can surround spacer ring with filament sealing ring 72, then just can carry out expansion in radial direction and come Sealing, this will necessarily reduce sealing property.First spacer ring 51, the second spacer ring 52, the 3rd spacer ring 53 and the 4th spacer ring 54 are metal Material, such as aluminium material or iron material matter.When for aluminium material when, the thickness of first spacer ring (51) is D1, second spacer ring (52) thickness is D2, and 4mm≤D1≤6mm, 4mm≤D2≤6mm.Preferably, D1 and/or D2 is 5mm.Due to iron material matter It is harder, thus when for iron material matter when, 2mm≤D1≤4mm, 2mm≤D2≤4mm, it is preferable that D1 and/or D2 be 3mm.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, it is not affected by the first axial compressive force F in packing element 101When, each sealing ring 70 is and packing element 10 radial direction is parallel.As shown in figure 1, packing element 10 is by the first axial compressive force F1When, in axial direction shortening in footpath To direction expansion, then the graphite-seal ring 73 again in bottom bears the second axial compressive force F everywhere2
In one embodiment of the application, matrix 108 is graphite packing or carbon fiber packing.Packing (packing), leads to Often formed by relatively soft thread braiding, usual sectional area is square or rectangular, circle.In one embodiment, base The cross section of body 108 is quadrangle, for example square.In other embodiments, the cross section of matrix 108 can also be circle.
The application also provides a kind of packer, and the packer has the packing element 10 that one of above-mentioned technical proposal is limited.
The application also provides a kind of bridging plug, and the bridging plug has the packing element 10 that one of above-mentioned technical proposal is limited.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein illustrate and describe the multiple of the application and show Example property embodiment, but, in the case of without departing from the application spirit and scope, still can be direct according to present disclosure It is determined that or deriving many other variations or modifications for meeting the application principle.Therefore, scope of the present application is understood that and recognizes It is set to and covers all these other variations or modifications.

Claims (10)

1. the packing element (10) of a kind of coated graphite layer, with the through hole (103) positioned at center, positioned at the through hole (103) place It is inner surface (102) outer surface (101) corresponding with the inner surface (102), upper positioned at the packing element (10) two ends respectively End (104) and bottom (106) and the pars intermedia between the upper end (104) and the bottom (106) (105), the upper end (104) is for bearing the first axial compressive force in axial direction, and the bottom (106) is for bearing Along second axial compressive force contrary with first axial compressive force of the axial direction;When first axial compressive force puts on During upper end (104), there is shape in the upper end (104), pars intermedia (105) and bottom (106) in radial direction Become;When second axial compressive force puts on the bottom (106), the upper end (104), pars intermedia (105) and under End (106) deforms upon in the radial direction, it is characterised in that
The packing element (10) be included in the more than one wire sealing ring (71) of axial direction arrangement and more than one Filament sealing ring (72), one of those described wire sealing ring (71) and filament sealing ring one of those described (72) lower section that is inconsistent and being arranged on the filament sealing ring (72);
The wire sealing ring (71) bonds together including cross one another many one metal wires and by each wire Colloid;
The plurality of fibers silk of the filament sealing ring (72) including cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant and by each fiber The colloid that silk bonds together;
The upper end of the packing element (10) arranges a hard sealing ring to serve as the upper end (104) of the packing element (10), The lower end of the packing element (10) arranges another described hard sealing ring to serve as the bottom (106) of the packing element (10);
The wire sealing ring (71) coats outward the first graphite linings, and it is close that first graphite linings at least coat the wire The lateral surface of seal ring (71);
The filament sealing ring (72) coats outward the second graphite linings (114), and second graphite linings (114) at least coat institute State the lateral surface of filament sealing ring (72).
2. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
First graphite linings coat lateral surface, upper surface and the lower surface of the wire sealing ring (71), and described second Graphite linings (114) coat lateral surface, upper surface and the lower surface of the filament sealing ring (72);Or
First graphite linings coat lateral surface, medial surface, upper surface and the lower surface of the wire sealing ring (71), institute State lateral surface, medial surface, upper surface and lower surface that the second graphite linings (114) coat the filament sealing ring (72).
3. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The outside of first graphite linings and second graphite linings (114) is coated with protective layer, and the protective layer is in high temperature When it is destroyed and liquefy or be cured as slag.
4. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Inconsistent the first spacer ring (51) is provided with below one of those described wire sealing ring (71), with the wire Inconsistent the second spacer ring (52), institute are provided with above an inconsistent filament sealing ring (72) of sealing ring (71) The hardness for stating the first spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) is all higher than the wire sealing ring (71) and the fiber The hardness of silk sealing ring (72);
Also, be not provided between the wire sealing ring (71) and its inconsistent filament sealing ring (72) every Ring.
5. packing element (10) according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
First spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) are metal material.
6. packing element (10) according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
First spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) are aluminium material.
7. packing element (10) according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
First spacer ring (51) and second spacer ring (52) are iron material matter.
8. packing element (10) according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The hard sealing ring is graphite-seal ring, and the graphite-seal ring includes the carbon fiber of cross one another high temperature high voltage resistant Silk and the graphite that each carbon fiber wire bonds together.
Preferably, the graphite-seal ring is coated with copper sheet.
9. a kind of packer, it is characterised in that including the packing element (10) described in one of claim 1-8.
10. a kind of bridging plug, it is characterised in that including the packing element (10) described in one of claim 1-8.
CN201611123450.5A 2016-12-08 2016-12-08 Rubber sleeve coated with graphite layer, packer and bridge plug Pending CN106639967A (en)

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CN106121582A (en) * 2016-08-22 2016-11-16 天鼎联创密封技术(北京)有限公司 Two ends are the packing element of hard sealing ring, packer and bridging plug
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CN106958432A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-07-18 隆学武 Increase full bag enhancing set, processing method, cartridge and the packer of laminating degree

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