CN106622330B - The preparation of Fe-Co-N ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme with synergic catalytic effect - Google Patents
The preparation of Fe-Co-N ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme with synergic catalytic effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The simple preparation method of a kind of the iron cobalt with catalyzing cooperation effect and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme is invented.The complex for preparing PBI Yu iron ion and cobalt ions first is reacted with molysite and cobalt salt mixed solution with the polybenzimidazoles (PBI) of soluble full armaticity, nano template is added in reaction mixture, arrange complex in template rule of surface, by being pyrolyzed, going the techniques such as template to prepare iron cobalt and nitrogen co-doped three-dimensional grapheme.PBI selects the macromolecule of the full armaticity such as ABPBI, mPBI, and viscosity average molecular weigh is 2 ~ 40,000；The molar ratio of molysite and cobalt salt is 1:2 ~ 2:1；The mass ratio of PBI and molysite cobalt salt mixture is 1:2 ~ 2:1；Template is the nano particles such as nano magnesia, iron oxide, iron hydroxide；5 ~ 50nm of template partial size；PBI and template mass ratio are 3:1 ~ 1:3；Pyrolysis temperature is 700 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C.Product can be used for redox reaction catalyst, fuel cell, metal-air battery oxygen reduction catalyst, electrolysis water oxygen and the fields such as catalyst, supercapacitor be precipitated.
Description
Technical field
Belong to field of nano material preparation, for the redox reaction catalyst in Chemical Manufacture, clean energy resource field
Fuel cell, metal-air battery cathod catalyst, electrolysis water catalyst, lithium ion battery material, super capacitor electrode
The fields such as pole material and electrochemical sensor.
Background technique
Graphene is the nano material of the lattice structure for the regular hexagon extension being made of carbon atom, due to its performance
It is excellent and have a variety of potential applications, become be widely noticed now research hotspot (Kim K S, et al. Nature (from
So), 2009,457:706).However, easily layer-layer is overlapped mutually to form stone again between two-dimensional graphene in macrocosm
Ink structure, so that the performance for keeping its excellent is lost.Therefore, the preparation of three-dimensional grapheme and performance study become current nano material
The research hotspot (Biener J, et al. Adv Mater (advanced material), 2012,24:5083) in field.Three-dimensional graphite
Alkene serves many purposes: such as, oxygen reduction catalyst or catalyst carrier to be used for, for energy such as fuel cell, metal-air batteries
The important materials in the fields such as the important materials of source conversion and lithium ion battery, supercapacitor, electrochemical sensor and electrolysis
(Dai L. Acc Chem Res (chemical research commentary), 2013,46 (1): 31).The study found that the graphene of N doping
Due to the polarity between C-N key in graphene molecules, the cloud density in graphene molecules is made to change, therefore N doping stone
The performances such as black alkene catalytic oxidation-reduction are better than graphene.
If nitrogen-containing group and metal are coordinated to form the activated centre M-N-C, the synergistic effect of metal and nitrogen is further increased
Its catalytic performance.Studies have shown that will form more activity after adulterating nitrogen and transition metal (such as iron, cobalt etc.) in graphene
Site, so that product catalytic oxidation-reduction catalytic activity can be further increased.Especially form the transition metal and nitrogen of three-dimensional structure
The catalyst of codope can preferably keep its two-dimentional lamellar structure without being superimposed and assembling, and catalytic active site is more,
And porous structure is conducive to the transmitting of fortification substance.Due to its unique advantage, such material is considered as that most development is latent
One of power oxygen reduction catalyst attracts widespread attention (Zitolo A, et al. Nature materials (nature
Material), 2015,14 (9): 937-942).Transition metal and nitrogen co-doped graphene have extensive use, can be used as oxygen also
Raw catalyst (Jiang H L, et al. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces(American Chemical Society's application surface and boundary
Face), 2015,7 (38): 21511) or catalyst (Morozan A, et al. J. Electrochem. is precipitated in hydrogen
Soc. (U.S.'s electrochemistry meeting will), 2015,162:H719)；In fields such as sensor, supercapacitor and lithium ion batteries
(Salavagione H J, et al. J. Mater. Chem. A's (materials chemistry magazine A), 2014,2:14289)
Using there is document report.Metal, N doping graphene preparation method have very much: such as, high temperature pyrolysis transition macrocyclic complex
(Ji Y F, et al. Int J Hydrogen Energy (international Hydrogen Energy magazine), 2010,35:8117)；Heat treatment contains
Nitrogen organic compound (such as ethylenediamine, pyridine) and transition metal salt obtain M-N-C cluster (Lefe vre M, et al.
Science (science) 2009,324,71)；One kind M/N/C catalyst (Wu is prepared with the heat treatment of polyaniline combination iron and cobalt
G, et al. Science (science), 2011,332:443)；Polypyrrole and cobalt salt pyrolysis prepare oxygen reduction catalyst
(Bashyam R & Zelenay P. Nature(is natural), 2006,433 (7): 63) etc..
The present invention is the side of a kind of the iron cobalt prepared with synergic catalytic effect and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme
Method.It is reacted with polybenzimidazoles (PBI) macromolecule of soluble full armaticity with the mixed liquor of molysite and cobalt salt, generation is matched
Object is closed, complex reaction mixture is uniformly mixed in nano template, is evaporated, is finely ground, pyrolysis prepares iron under inert gas shielding
The three-dimensional grapheme of cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope.The PBI solution and molysite and cobalt salt hybrid reaction of full armaticity obtain PBI and iron
The complex that ion and cobalt ions are formed is added nano particle as template, is uniformly mixed, makes complex in template
Top finishing is simultaneously arranged in template rule of surface, under inert gas shielding, pyrolysis, dehydrogenation-cyclisation-carbonization, to form iron
The multi-layer graphene structure of cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope goes template agent removing to obtain iron cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme.
Such material due to iron cobalt and nitrogen co-doped and three-dimensional porous structure so that its specific surface area increase, catalytic active site increase
Add.Since iron or the polar bond of cobalt and nitrogen formation are inside graphene molecules, the big pi bond structure of graphene itself, molecule rail
The delocalization energy in road increases, and the energy level between HUMO track and LOMO track becomes smaller, so that the environment of its catalytic active center is special
As porphyrin, the environment of phthalocyanine complex, the overpotential of catalytic oxidation-reduction, the catalysis thermodynamics of catalyst can be substantially reduced in this way
Performance gets a promotion；In addition, the iron in product is different from the extranuclear strucure of cobalt, electron outside nucleus cloud can influence each other, from
And generate catalyzing cooperation effect；Furthermore three-dimensional porous structure is conducive to strengthen mass transfer, so that electrode reaction dynamic performance increases
Add.The present invention and simple itrogenous organic substance and transient metal complex or nitrogen containing polymer, such as pollopas, melamine resin
It is that metal-nitrogen-Spectra of Carbon Clusters is not graphite Deng metal-nitrogen-Spectra of Carbon Clusters difference with transition metal mixture pyrolysis preparation
Alkene structure, the effect without big π, so catalytic performance is not high, metal is easy to be removed by acid, so durability is not good enough, especially
Its mass transfer effect of to be due to metal-nitrogen-Spectra of Carbon Clusters be not porous structure is bad.With polyaniline, polypyrrole and transition metal one
Playing the difference of catalyst that pyrolysis is formed is, polyaniline and polypyrrole since it cannot be dissolved, so, can not cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc.
Template surface, thus its operating characteristics be deteriorated, and PBI be it is soluble, be very easy to cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. on template surface, can
Good operation performance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that a kind of polybenzimidazoles (PBI) macromolecule of the full armaticity of solubility and molysite and cobalt salt are formed
Complex pyrolysis under nano template effect prepares the preparation method of cobalt and nitrogen co-doped three-dimensional grapheme.Full armaticity
PBI solution and molysite and cobalt salt hybrid reaction obtain complex, and nano particle is added as template, is uniformly mixed, makes
The complex that PBI and iron ion and cobalt ions are formed is arranged in template top finishing and in template rule of surface, in inertia
Under gas shield, pyrolysis, dehydrogenation-cyclisation-carbonization is gone to form the multi-layer graphene structure of iron cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope
Template agent removing obtains iron cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme.Co-doped and three-dimensional of such material due to iron cobalt and nitrogen
Porous structure, so that its specific surface area increases, catalytic active site increases.Since iron or the polar bond of cobalt and nitrogen formation are in graphene
The big pi bond structure of intramolecule, graphene itself increases the delocalization energy of its molecular orbit, HUMO track and LOMO track it
Between energy level difference become smaller, in this way can be with so that the environment of its catalytic active center is especially as porphyrin, the environment of cobaltphthalocyanines
The overpotential of catalytic oxidation-reduction is substantially reduced, catalysis thermodynamic property gets a promotion；In addition, the core dispatch from foreign news agency of iron and cobalt in product
Minor structure is different, and electron outside nucleus cloud can influence each other, to generate catalyzing cooperation effect；Furthermore three-dimensional porous structure is advantageous
In strengthening mass transfer, so that electrode reaction kinetics can increase.The present invention and simple itrogenous organic substance and transient metal complex
Or nitrogen containing polymer, such as pollopas, melamine resin and metal-nitrogen of transition metal mixture pyrolysis preparation-carbon original
Submanifold difference is that metal-nitrogen-Spectra of Carbon Clusters is not graphene-structured, the effect without big π, so catalytic performance is not high, gold
Belong to and be easy to be removed by acid, so durability is not good enough, especially because metal-nitrogen-Spectra of Carbon Clusters is not its mass transfer of porous structure
Effect is bad.The difference of catalyst formed with polyaniline, polypyrrole and transition metal salt mixture pyrolysis is, polyaniline with
Polypyrrole since it cannot be dissolved, so, can not cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. on template surface, template pore-creating can not be used；And PBI be can
Dissolubility, it is very easy to cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. on template surface, operating performance is good.
Viscosity average molecular weigh being soluble between 20,000~40,000 of full armaticity PBI solid phase method or liquid phase method preparation
DMAc, DMF, DMSO, in N-Methyl pyrrolidone equal solvent.Molecular weight is too big, and the solubility property of PBI is deteriorated；Molecular weight is too small
Its viscosity is too small, cannot coated die plate agent well.In PBI family, the example with full armaticity, such as ABPBI and mPBI,
Their structural formula is respectively as follows:
The structural formula of the structural formula mPBI of ABPBI
The method of the preparation of the graphene of three-dimensional iron cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope are as follows: degree of polymerization PBI appropriate is prepared first,
PBI dissolution is formed solution in a solvent, the mixed liquor of a certain amount of molysite and cobalt salt is added into solution, heating, stirring are anti-
It answers 5 ~ 8 hours, obtains the complex reaction solution that PBI and iron ion and cobalt ions are formed, suitable grain is added into the reaction solution
Template is done in the nanoparticle template agent that diameter is 5 ~ 50 nm, and stirring mixes them thoroughly uniformly.Under stiring, it heats, steams at leisure
Solvent is done to close out, is transferred in vacuum oven and is dried at 60 ~ 120 DEG C.It is finely ground in mortar, it is laid in porcelain boat bottom, is put into
In electric tube furnace, under protection of argon gas, at 700~1100 DEG C, it is pyrolyzed 2 ~ 3h.It is cooled to room temperature to furnace temperature, takes out, use diluted acid
Repeatedly washing filters to remove template agent removing, is washed with deionized water, dries to obtain product.
For the present invention in the reacting of PBI and molysite and cobalt salt, the molar ratio of molysite and cobalt salt is 1:2 ~ 2:1；Salt-mixture
Additional amount is critically important, it determines the doping of iron and cobalt in the product of preparation, also determines catalysis of the product as catalyst
How much is active sites.Since iron ion and cobalt ions are coordinated with the imidazoles nitrogen in PBI macromolecule, guarantee four imidazole rings corresponding one
A iron ion or a cobalt ions are advisable, and test the mass ratio for finding PBI and molysite and cobalt salt mixture between 1:2 ~ 2:1,
Its variation matched is determined by different types of molysite and cobalt salt.
In the present invention, template can be a variety of nano-scale oxides or hydroxide particles.Three-dimensional can be prepared
The nitrogen co-doped graphene of iron-cobalt-, the partial size and additional amount of template are crucial: the partial size of template determines the material of preparation
Aperture；The shape of template determines to form the shape in hole；The additional amount of template determines the number of plies and property of the graphene of preparation
Can, additional amount is very little, can only obtain iron cobalt and nitrogen co-doped porous carbon materials, is added excessively, obtained iron cobalt and nitrogen is co-doped with
The miscellaneous three-dimensional grapheme number of plies is very little, after removing template agent removing, is easy to collapse, can only obtain broken fragment.The particle of template
It spends and has a certain impact to the amount that template is added, granularity is small, large specific surface area, and the amount of the template needed is just few；Instead
It, if granularity is big, the amount of the template needed is just more.The dosage of template are as follows: the mass ratio of PBI and template is 3:1
~1:3；Ratio variation is related with the granularity of template.Granularity is from 5 ~ 50 nm.It is pyrolyzed under inert gas protection, pyrolysis temperature
Degree are as follows: 700~1100 DEG C；Washing diluted acid after repeatedly template agent removing is removed in washing, is washed with deionized to neutrality drying i.e.
It can.
Pyrolysis temperature is critically important, and pyrolysis temperature range is 700~1100 DEG C.The too low PBI pyrolysis of temperature not exclusively, is produced
The electric conductivity of product is poor；After pyrolysis temperature reaches optimum temperature, then to increase pyrolysis temperature its performance constant, still, inert gas
Oxidation reaction can occur when protecting insufficient, so pyrolysis temperature is unsuitable excessively high.
The graphene characterizing method of three-dimensional iron cobalt nitrogen ternary codope are as follows: aperture, porosity, Kong Rong and specific surface area nitrogen
Gas adsorption instrument (BET), the Morphology analysis scanning electron microscope (SEM) and projection electron microscope (TEM) of product, stone
The black alkene number of plies can be characterized by high power transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and Raman spectrum.The degree of graphitization of product, stone
Black alkene structure and the number of plies can be characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum.The element of product forms, and valence state can
To be characterized with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), with rotating disk electrode (r.d.e) (RDE) come the catalytic oxidation-reduction of test product
React (ORR) performance, water electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction (EOR), the capacitive property of evolving hydrogen reaction (EHR) and product is tested can be with following
Ring volt-ampere (CV), linear volt-ampere (LSV), Tafel curve and charge-discharge performance are tested.Durability of the product as catalyst
CV, LSV and chronoa mperometric plot (i-t) can be used in test.The catalytic performance of product finally need to assemble metal-air battery,
Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the electrolytic cell of electrolysis water, supercapacitor and sensor test its performance.
Specific embodiment
The preparation of [embodiment 1] mPBI: polyphosphoric acids is added in the three-necked flask equipped with electric stirring and nitrogen protection
(PPA) (100g), the lower 160 DEG C of stirrings 1h of nitrogen protection is to remove extra moisture and air.By DABz (4g, 18.7
Mmol) and M-phthalic acid (3.1g, 18.7 mmol) is uniformly mixed, and is slowly added in three-necked flask.Control nitrogen
Flow velocity prevents DABz to be oxidized, while reaction temperature being promoted to 200 DEG C and continues to keep the temperature, is stirred to react 5-8h.With reaction
The increase of time, polymerization system gradually become sticky.Stop reaction when viscosity is suitable, reaction mixture is slowly transferred to largely
It reels off raw silk from cocoons in deionized water, cleans, drying, crush, to remove polyphosphoric acids and unreacted reactant, i.e., deionized water is repeatedly washed
MPBI is obtained, with the molecular weight of determination of ubbelohde viscometer mPBI.
[embodiment 2] Solid phase synthesis mPBI: by DABz (4g, 18.7 mmol) and M-phthalic acid
(3.1g, 18.7 mmol) are uniformly mixed in being fully ground in mortar, are transferred to nitrogen protection, three mouthfuls of burnings of blender
In bottle.Lead to nitrogen 15min to drain the air in flask.N2Protection, under stirring, 225 DEG C of oil bath heating keep 3h.After cooling
It takes out, finely ground, N2Under protection, heating in electric furnace is warming up to 270-275 DEG C, keeps 3h.It is cooled to room temperature, product is taken out, is ground
Carefully to get mPBI is arrived, with the molecular weight of determination of ubbelohde viscometer mPBI.
The preparation method of ABPBI is similar with mPBI's, only with 3,4- diaminobenzoic acid (DABA) substitute DABz and
Phthalic acid.ABPBI only can be obtained with a kind of raw material.Other reaction conditions and operating procedure with embodiment 1 and are implemented
Example 2.
[embodiment 3] is template with the MgO of partial size 30nm, and molysite and cobalt salt use acetate, molar ratio 1:1；Two kinds
It is 1:2, PBI mPBI with the mass ratio of PBI after salt mixing, by taking mPBI and MgO template mass ratio are 1:1 as an example: in 250mL
Beaker in, ten thousand) and 20mL DMAc the mPBI(viscosity average molecular weigh 2 ~ 3 of 1g is added, heats, stirs to dissolve, under stiring
The 20mL DMAc solution of 0.5 g cobalt acetate with the mixture (two kinds of salt are mixed according to molar ratio 1:1) of ferric acetate is added, keeps the temperature
It at 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, is stirred to react 5 ~ 8 hours, is slowly added into the MgO particle for the nanometer that 1g partial size is 30nm, stirs 4 ~ 6 hours,
It is made to be uniformly dispersed.Obtained viscous liquid is heated to be concentrated under stiring and closely be done, and is done at 120 DEG C in vacuum oven
Dry, solid is finely ground in mortar, is transferred in porcelain boat, under protection of argon gas, 2-3h is pyrolyzed at 900 DEG C in electric furnace, to furnace temperature
It is down to room temperature, is taken out, it is finely ground, black powder solid is obtained, is transferred in 250mL conical flask, the dilute hydrochloric acid of 70mL is added, adds
Heat, stirring for 24 hours, filter, in this way with dilute hydrochloric acid wash three times, be washed to neutrality, be dried to obtain black powder solid product
0.73g.BET test shows that its pore-size distribution is 30nm, and specific surface area is 1123 m2 g-1, SEM tests the production that shows
Product be porous foam shape carbon material, TEM and HRTEM analysis shows, product be three-dimensional grapheme structure carbon material, aperture 30
Nm, graphene, which is drawn a bow to the full back, is shown to be 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene.XRD and Raman spectrum test show that product is 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene-structured；
XPS analysis shows that product iron content 0.8%, cobalt content 0.9%, nitrogen content 7.6%, and nitrogen are pyridine type nitrogen and pyrroles's type
Nitrogen.Illustrate, product is the material of the nitrogen co-doped three-dimensional grapheme structure of iron-cobalt-.Catalytic oxidation-reduction under its 0.1mol/L KOH
Performance, oxygen initial reduction current potential are 0.98 V vs RHE, and electron transfer number 3.98, durability is good；Magnesium air is cell performance
It can be up to 97 mW/cm2.It is 556 mW/cm for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell2, oxygen is precipitated in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5 mol/L
Take-off potential is 1.54V vs RHE, and limiting current density reaches 120mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 456F g-1,
Recyclable 10000 times still holding capacitor value 98%.
[embodiment 4] as described in Example 3, other conditions are identical, and only the quality of mPBI and MgO becomes 2:1, together
Sample obtains the solid powder of black.BET test shows that its pore-size distribution is still 30nm, but its specific surface area is then reduced to 756
m2 g-1, SEM and TEM test show its it is internal be porous structure carbon material, surface is multi-layer graphene structure, XRD and
Raman data shows 7 ~ 8 layers of the number of plies of its graphene.XPS data are similar with the product of embodiment 3.Under its 0.1mol/L KOH
Catalytic oxidation-reduction performance, oxygen initial reduction current potential are 0.82V vs RHE, and electron transfer number 3.61, durability is good；Magnesium
Air cell performance reaches 66mW/cm2.It is 252 mW/cm for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell2, the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5mol/L
It is 1.68V vs RHE that take-off potential, which is precipitated, in middle oxygen, and limiting current density reaches 40mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is
217F g-1, be recycled 10000 times still holding capacitor value 95%.
[embodiment 5] as described in Example 3, other conditions are identical, and only the quality of mPBI and MgO becomes 1:2, together
Sample obtains the solid powder of black.BET test shows 10 ~ 30nm of its pore size distribution range, but its specific surface area is then reduced to
829 m2 g-1, SEM and TEM test show its it is internal be porous structure carbon material, surface is multi-layer graphene structure,
XRD and Raman data show 7 ~ 8 layers of the number of plies of its graphene.XPS data are similar with the product of embodiment 3.Its 0.1mol/L
Catalytic oxidation-reduction performance under KOH, oxygen initial reduction current potential are 0.84V vs RHE, and electron transfer number 3.73, durability is good
It is good；Magnesium air battery performance reaches 79mW/cm2.It is 346mW/cm for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell2, the sulfuric acid of 0.5mol/L
It is 1.59V vs RHE that take-off potential, which is precipitated, in oxygen in solution, and limiting current density reaches 50mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance
For 318F g-1, be recycled 10000 times still holding capacitor value 95%.
[embodiment 6] as described in Example 3, other conditions are identical, and only pyrolysis temperature is respectively 700 DEG C.It obtains black
The powdered solid product 0.78g of color.BET test shows that its pore-size distribution is 30nm, and specific surface area is 935 m2 g-1, SEM survey
Take temperature bright, obtained product be porous foam shape carbon material, TEM and HRTEM analysis shows, product be three-dimensional grapheme structural carbon
Material, aperture 30nm, graphene, which is drawn a bow to the full back, is shown to be 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene.XRD and Raman spectrum test show that product is 2 ~ 4 layers
Graphene-structured；XPS analysis shows that product iron content 0.8%, cobalt content 0.8%, nitrogen content 7.6%, and nitrogen are pyridine
Type nitrogen and pyrroles's type nitrogen.Illustrate, product is the material of the three-dimensional grapheme structure of N doping.Oxygen is catalyzed under its 0.1mol/L KOH
Reducing property, oxygen initial reduction current potential are 0.77 V vs RHE, and electron transfer number 3.57, durability is slightly worse good；Magnesium air
Battery performance reaches 62mW/cm2.It is 241 mW/cm for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell2, in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5 mol/L
It is 1.69V vs RHE that take-off potential, which is precipitated, in oxygen, and limiting current density reaches 40mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 225
F g-1, be recycled 10000 times still holding capacitor value 94%.
[embodiment 7] the other the same as in Example 3, only pyrolysis temperature is 1100 DEG C.Obtain black powder solid product
0.56g.BET test shows that its pore-size distribution is 30nm, and specific surface area is 856 m2 g-1, SEM tests the product that shows
For porous foam shape carbon material, TEM and HRTEM analysis shows, product is three-dimensional grapheme structure carbon material, aperture 30nm,
Graphene, which is drawn a bow to the full back, is shown to be 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene.XRD and Raman spectrum test show that product is 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene-structured；XPS
Analysis shows product iron content 0.7%, cobalt content 0.6%, nitrogen content 6.5%, and nitrogen are pyridine type nitrogen and pyrroles's type nitrogen.It says
Bright, product is the material of the three-dimensional grapheme structure of N doping.Catalytic oxidation-reduction performance under its 0.1mol/L KOH, oxygen starting
Reduction potential is 0.95 V vs RHE, and electron transfer number 3.93, durability is good；Magnesium air battery performance is up to 95 mW/
cm2.It is 437 mW/cm for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell2, oxygen is precipitated take-off potential and is in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5 mol/L
1.58V vs RHE, limiting current density reach 80mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 327 F g-1, it is recycled
10000 times still holding capacitor value 96%.
[embodiment 8] as described in Example 3, other conditions are identical, are only that 5 nm MgO particles do template with partial size
Agent, at this moment, since the partial size of template becomes smaller, surface area increases, and the dosage of mPBI increases, then the quality of mPBI and template
Than being changed to as 3:1, obtained product is similar to Example 3, and only for its pore-size distribution in 5 ~ 10nm, specific surface area is 1487 m2
g-1, it is 3 ~ 5 layers of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene material, catalytic oxidation-reduction take-off potential is 0.96V vs under 0.1mol/L KOH
RHE, electron transfer number 3.96, durability is good；Magnesium air battery performance is up to 94 mW/cm2.For hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell its
Peak power is 467 mW/cm2, it is 1.64V vs RHE, limit electricity that take-off potential, which is precipitated, in oxygen in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5 mol/L
Current density reaches 100 mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 433F g-1, it is recycled 10000 still holding capacitor values
97%。
[embodiment 9] as described in Example 3, other conditions are identical, are only that 50 nm MgO particles do mould with partial size
Plate agent, at this moment since the partial size of template increases, surface area reduces, and the dosage of mPBI is reduced, then the matter of mPBI and template
Amount ratio is changed to as 1:3, and obtained product is similar to Example 3, and only for its pore-size distribution in 50nm, specific surface area is 757 m2 g-1, it is 3 ~ 5 layers of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene material, catalytic oxidation-reduction take-off potential is 0.94V vs RHE, and electron transfer number is
3.92, durability is good；Magnesium air battery performance is up to 85 mW/cm2.It is 318 mW/ for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell
cm2, it is 1.66V vs RHE that take-off potential, which is precipitated, in oxygen in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5mol/L, and limiting current density reaches 80mA/
cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 283F g-1, be recycled 10000 times still holding capacitor value 95%.
[embodiment 10] uses MgO template, and partial size is 30 nanometers, molysite and cobalt salt citrate, the matter with ABPBI
Amount is than being 2:1.Other experiment conditions are the same as embodiment 3.The mass ratio of ABPBI and template is 1:1.Its result and 3 class of embodiment
Seemingly.Aperture is 30nm, 1018 m2 g-1, it is 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene.Iron content 0.7%, cobalt content 0.8%, nitrogen content 7.6%, and
Nitrogen is pyridine type nitrogen and pyrroles's type nitrogen.Catalytic oxidation-reduction performance under its 0.1mol/LKOH, oxygen initial reduction current potential are 0.96V
Vs RHE, electron transfer number 3.96, durability is good；Magnesium air battery performance is up to 98 mW/cm2.For hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell
Its peak power is 432 mW/cm2, it is 1.59V vs RHE, the limit that take-off potential, which is precipitated, in oxygen in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5 mol/L
Current density reaches 110mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 454F g-1, it is recycled 10000 still holding capacitor values
97%。
Other molysite, cobalt salt situation are similar to the above embodiments, only change the ratio of PBI and molysite and cobalt salt mixture
?.
Mole such as 1:2 or 2:1 of other molysite, cobalt salt, other operating procedures with embodiment 3, urge by obtained product
Change performance not as good as the good of 1:1.
[embodiment 11] uses Fe2O3Or iron hydroxide nano particle is template, partial size is 30 nanometers, PBI ABPBI；Iron
Salt and cobalt salt cobalt nitrate and ABPBI mass ratio are 1:1.Other experiment conditions are the same as embodiment 3.The quality of ABPBI and template
Than for 1:1.Its result is similar to Example 3.Product is three-dimensional grapheme structure carbon material, aperture 30nm, 927 m2 g-1,
For 2 ~ 4 layers of graphene.Iron content 0.9%, cobalt content 0.8%, nitrogen content 8.6%, and nitrogen are pyridine type nitrogen and pyrroles's type nitrogen.It says
Bright, product is the material of the three-dimensional grapheme structure of N doping.Catalytic oxidation-reduction performance under its 0.1mol/LKOH, oxygen starting
Reduction potential is 0.97V vs RHE, and electron transfer number 3.97, durability is good；Magnesium air battery performance reaches 102mW/cm2。
It is 573 mW/cm for its peak power of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell2, oxygen is precipitated take-off potential and is in the sulfuric acid solution of 0.5 mol/L
1.58V vs RHE, limiting current density reach 110 mA/cm2.Supercapacitor specific capacitance is 449F g-1, it is recycled
10000 times still holding capacitor value 97%.
The product of the iron oxide preparation of other partial sizes is similar with above-described embodiment result.
It is that template is also similar with above-described embodiment result with iron hydroxide nano particle.
It can be generated with the nitrogen-atoms in PBI molecule since nanoparticle carbon monoxide, iron hydroxide receive the iron ion on surface
Coordinate bond can play the role of fixed nitrogen, improve nitrogen content in product.
The case where other templates are as template is similar with above embodiments.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of iron cobalt prepared with catalyzing cooperation effect and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme, feature exist
In, reacted with the polybenzimidazoles (PBI) of soluble full armaticity with molysite and cobalt salt mixed solution, prepare first PBI and
Nano template is added in reaction mixture in the complex of iron ion and cobalt ions, arranges complex in template rule of surface
Column, are pyrolyzed under inert gas protection, template agent removing are gone to obtain iron cobalt and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional grapheme；Iron cobalt and nitrogen three
First codope three-dimensional grapheme is used for redox reaction catalyst, fuel cell, metal-air battery oxygen reduction catalyst, electricity
It solves water oxygen and catalyst, supercapacitor is precipitated.
2. a kind of iron cobalt prepared with catalyzing cooperation effect according to claim 1 and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional graphite
The method of alkene, it is characterised in that: the entire polymer molecule of PBI of full armaticity forms a big pi bond, and molecule belongs to rigidity, virtue
Odor type compound is selected poly- (2,5- benzimidazole) (ABPBI) or poly- [2,2 '-(phenyl) -5,5 '-bibenzimidaz sigmales]
One of (mPBI)；Polymer viscosity average molecular weigh is between 2~40,000；It is soluble in dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), diformazan
Base formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-Methyl pyrrolidone, in any one organic solvent in dimethylbenzene.
3. a kind of iron cobalt prepared with catalyzing cooperation effect according to claim 1 and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional graphite
The method of alkene, it is characterised in that: molysite and cobalt salt, for the salt dispersed or dissolved in intensive polar solvent；It selects, acetate,
One of citrate, nitrate, hydrochloride, perchlorate or gluconate；The molar ratio of molysite and cobalt salt is 1:2
~2:1.
4. a kind of iron cobalt prepared with catalyzing cooperation effect according to claim 1 and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional graphite
The method of alkene, nano template are as follows: one of nanoscale magnesia, di-iron trioxide and iron hydroxide, it is characterised in that:
Nano-particle diameter is one of spherical, cylindrical, cube or nano particle of polygon prism shape in 5~50nm.
5. a kind of iron cobalt prepared with catalyzing cooperation effect according to claim 1 and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional graphite
The method of alkene, the mass ratio of PBI and molysite and cobalt salt mixture are as follows: 2:1~1:2；The mass ratio of PBI and nano template
For 3:1~1:3；Hybrid mode are as follows: PBI solution is mixed with the mixed liquor of molysite and cobalt salt, is heated, is stirred to react 5~8 hours,
PBI and iron ion and cobalt ions form complex solution；Template is added, is uniformly mixed within stirring 4~6 hours, stirs lower heating
It steams solvent to do to close, vacuum drying is finely ground, is pyrolyzed under inert gas shielding, with Diluted Acid Washing to remove template agent removing.
6. a kind of iron cobalt prepared with catalyzing cooperation effect according to claim 1 and nitrogen ternary codope three-dimensional graphite
The method of alkene, inert gas are argon gas or high pure nitrogen, and pyrolysis temperature is 700~1100 DEG C.
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