CN106621791B - Method and device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis - Google Patents
Method and device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: washing and heat exchange of the thermal hydrolysis odor; cooling the odor subjected to thermal hydrolysis pressure release, removing water vapor and sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor, and removing part of malodorous substances in the odor; s2: burning for deodorization; removing odor by combustion; s3: chemical washing and deodorization; removing sulfur oxides and a small amount of incompletely combusted hydrogen sulfide in the flue gas by chemical washing; s4: biological deodorization; the odor is treated by microorganisms and is converted into inorganic matters, and finally the odor reaches the standard and is discharged. The device is used for implementing the method. The invention has the advantages of simple principle, easy realization, good treatment effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to a method and a device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis.
Background
According to the "twelve-five" program for national environmental protection "andthe requirement of ' twelve five ' national town sewage treatment and recycling facility construction plan ' shows that the load rate of sewage treatment facilities is improved to more than 80% and the urban sewage treatment rate reaches 85% by 2015; at that time, the sewage treatment scale of China will reach 20805 ten thousand meters 3 And d. According to the report of 2016 national town sewage treatment facility construction and operation condition by the city and countryside construction department of housing: by the end of 2016, 3910 seats of urban sewage treatment plants are built up in cities and counties nationwide by the accumulation of 3 months, and the sewage treatment capacity is 1.67 hundred million m 3 D; the accompanying sludge (water content of 80%) is about 5000 ten thousand t/a (per ten thousand m) 3 Producing 5-10 t of sludge from sewage). Moreover, the number also increases at a rate of 10% to 15%.
As a novel sludge pretreatment technology, pyrohydrolysis can effectively destroy the microbial structure in sludge, release water and organic matters of microbes and extracellular polymeric substances in the sludge, and hydrolyze macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to biodegrade into micromolecular organic matters which are easy to biodegrade, thereby improving the digestion and dehydration performance of the sludge.
The traditional thermal hydrolysis treatment mode is 'catalytic oxidation desulfurization + chemical alkaline washing + biological deodorization', and the equipment comprises a catalytic oxidation desulfurization tower, a chemical alkaline washing tower, a biological deodorization box, a fan, a humidifying pump and a humidifying box. However, the traditional process and equipment have the following defects:
1. the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur-containing organic matters in the odor easily cause the inactivation of the catalyst in the prior method, so that the treatment efficiency is reduced, and the operation cost is increased due to the increase of the replacement frequency of the catalyst.
2. The set of deodorization device is not provided with odor cooling equipment, and the high-temperature odor easily causes the inactivation of microorganisms in the biological deodorization system.
3. The concentration of organic malodorous gases such as methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide and trimethylamine in the pyrohydrolysis odor is high, the odor threshold value is extremely low, the method has low efficiency for removing the organic malodorous gases, the pyrohydrolysis cannot be ensured, and especially the odor treatment under the high-temperature pyrohydrolysis reaches the standard and is discharged.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the method and the device for treating the high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis, which have the advantages of simple principle, easy realization and good treatment effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis comprises the following steps:
s1: washing and heat exchange of the thermal hydrolysis odor; cooling the odor subjected to thermal hydrolysis pressure release, removing water vapor and sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor, and removing part of malodorous substances in the odor;
s2: burning for deodorization; removing odor by combustion;
s3: chemical washing and deodorization; removing sulfur oxides and a small amount of incompletely combusted hydrogen sulfide in the flue gas by chemical washing;
s4: biological deodorization; and (3) treating the odor by using microorganisms, converting the odor into inorganic matters, and finally discharging the odor up to the standard.
As a further improvement of the method of the invention: in the step S1, the odor of high-temperature pyrohydrolysis is reduced to 20-40 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention: in the step S2, natural gas or methane is used as fuel, and hydrogen sulfide and organic malodorous gas in the thermal hydrolysis are removed by combustion.
As a further improvement of the process of the invention: the combustion temperature is 600-1100 ℃, or 850-1000 ℃.
As a further improvement of the process of the invention: in the step S3, the detergent is sodium hydroxide, and the prepared solution has a pH =13 to 14.
As a further improvement of the method of the invention: in the step S4, the microorganism is one or more of sulfur oxidizing flora, nitrifying flora and denitrifying flora.
The invention further provides a device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis, which comprises
A washing heat exchange unit, which cools the odor subjected to thermal hydrolysis pressure release through a heat exchanger and a washing tank, removes water vapor and sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor, and removes part of malodorous substances in the odor;
the burning deodorization unit takes natural gas as fuel and converts the malodorous gas in the odor through burning;
the chemical washing tower is connected with the washing heat exchange unit and the output end of the incineration deodorization unit and removes odor through chemical washing;
and the biological deodorization unit is connected with the output end of the chemical washing tower, the malodorous substances are degraded into carbon dioxide and water through microorganisms, and the output end of the biological deodorization unit is discharged.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: the tail end of the washing heat exchange unit is connected with the burning deodorization unit through an odor gas heat exchanger, and a gas quenching device is arranged between the chemical washing tower and the burning deodorization unit and used for cooling the flue gas discharged by the burning furnace.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: the chemical washing tower is connected with the automatic liquid feeding equipment for the washing liquid, the automatic liquid feeding equipment for the washing liquid comprises a washing liquid feeding device, a washing liquid circulating box and a graphite heat exchanger which are connected, the washing liquid feeding device and the washing liquid circulating box are used for automatically feeding and conveying the washing liquid, and the graphite heat exchanger is used for cooling the washing liquid.
As a further improvement of the device of the invention: and a plate heat exchanger is arranged between the biological deodorization unit and the chemical washing tower and is used for cooling the flue gas treated by the chemical washing tower.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention relates to a method and a device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis, which apply odor direct-fired incineration process equipment to the field of sludge pyrohydrolysis odor treatment, form complete set of process equipment of 'cooling, incineration, secondary cooling, chemical washing and biological deodorization', have obvious effects on treating malodorous gas with high moisture content, high temperature, large odor quantity and concentration fluctuation and complex components, and can also be used for treating high-concentration and high-humidity odor in other fields.
2. The method and the device for treating the high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis successfully solve the problem of treating the malodorous gas with high temperature, high concentration and complex components generated in the sludge pyrohydrolysis process. The detection shows that the temperature of the odor generated by thermal hydrolysis is 110-150 ℃, the concentration of the odor is about 173 ten thousand, and the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide is about 15000mg/m 3 Methyl mercaptan of 1700-2000 mg/m 3 Dimethyl sulfide of about 1000mg/m 3 Trimethylamine about 100mg/m 3 And the odor components comprise hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide and the like, the exhaust funnel and the factory boundary are detected after treatment, each pollutant index accords with the emission limit value when the height of the exhaust funnel is 15 meters in the emission standard of the malodorous pollutants GB14554-1993, the factory boundary is a first-class standard requirement, and the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides accords with the corresponding first-class standard when the height of the exhaust funnel is 15 meters in the comprehensive emission standard of atmospheric pollution GB 16297-1996.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the device of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. an incineration deodorization unit; 2. a washing heat exchange unit; 3. a deodorizing fan; 4. an odor and flue gas heat exchanger; 5. flue gas quenching equipment; 6. a chemical scrubber; 7. a cleaning solution adding device; 8. a washing liquid circulation box; 9. a plate heat exchanger; 10. a graphite heat exchanger; 11. a centrifugal fan; 12. a biological deodorization device; 13. an exhaust funnel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in figure 1, the method for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by pyrohydrolysis of sludge comprises the following steps:
s1, washing and heat exchange of thermal hydrolysis odor; namely, the temperature of the odor released by thermal hydrolysis is reduced, the vapor and the sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor are removed, and part of malodorous substances in the odor are removed.
In a specific application example, the high-temperature pyrohydrolysis odor (generally the temperature of up to 180 ℃) is reduced to 20-40 ℃ by washing and cooling, and sludge and water vapor carried in the odor are removed. By cooling, the invention can convert part of malodorous substances in thermal hydrolysis from gas phase to liquid phase, and the removal rate is about 20 percent. In the step, the heat exchange equipment can be a plate heat exchanger or other types of heat exchangers according to actual needs.
S2, burning to deodorize; removing odor by combustion; that is, the natural gas is used as fuel to convert malodorous gases such as sulfur-containing organic substances, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, and benzene substances in the odor into sulfur oxides, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
In a specific application example, the fuel used can use biogas generated by anaerobic digestion of sludge. For example, natural gas or methane is used as fuel, hydrogen sulfide and organic malodorous gas in thermal hydrolysis are removed by combustion, the combustion temperature is 600-1100 ℃, preferably 850-1000 ℃, the odor enters the incinerator for combustion after first exchanging heat with the incinerator flue gas before entering the incinerator, and the odor is basically converted into sulfur oxides, carbon dioxide, water and a small amount of nitrogen oxides after combustion. The odor removal rate in this step was 99.9%.
When the device is applied specifically, the outlet flue gas and the inlet odor can exchange heat, the air inlet temperature is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, the outlet flue gas temperature is reduced, and the subsequent cooling energy consumption is reduced.
S3, chemical washing and deodorization; namely, sulfur oxides and a small amount of incompletely combusted hydrogen sulfide in the flue gas are removed by chemical washing.
In a specific application example, sodium hydroxide can be selected as the detergent, and the pH of the prepared solution is = 13-14. For example, the device removes sulfur oxides and unburned small amount of malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide in the flue gas by washing with alkali liquor, and the device has a sulfur oxide removal rate of over 90 percent and a hydrogen sulfide removal rate of 80-85 percent.
S4, biological deodorization;
the method is characterized in that the microorganisms are utilized to treat sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, a small amount of hydrogen sulfide which is not completely combusted and organic malodorous gases in the odor to convert the sulfur oxides, the nitrogen oxides, the small amount of hydrogen sulfide which is not completely combusted into inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide, water, sulfate radicals, nitrate radicals and the like, the removal rate of the step on the inlet gas exceeds 90%, and finally the odor is discharged after reaching the standard.
In specific application examples, the microorganisms are sulfur oxidizing flora, nitrifying flora and denitrifying flora.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides an apparatus for treating high concentration malodorous gas produced by thermal hydrolysis of sludge, comprising:
and the washing heat exchange unit 2 is used for cooling the odor subjected to thermal hydrolysis pressure release through a heat exchanger and a washing tank, removing water vapor and sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor, and removing part of malodorous substances in the odor.
The incineration deodorization unit 1 converts malodorous gases such as sulfur-containing organic substances, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, and benzene substances in the odor into sulfur oxides, carbon dioxide, and water vapor by using natural gas as a fuel.
And the chemical washing tower 6 removes sulfur oxides and a small amount of incompletely combusted hydrogen sulfide in the flue gas through chemical washing.
And the biological deodorization unit 12 is used for removing the odorous substances which are not completely removed by the incineration system and the chemical washing by using microorganisms, degrading the odorous substances into carbon dioxide and water by using the microorganisms, and finally discharging the odorous substances after reaching the standard.
In the specific application example, the tail end of the washing heat exchange unit 2 is connected with the incineration deodorization unit 1 through an odor gas heat exchanger 4.
In the specific application example, a flue gas quenching device 5 is arranged between the chemical washing tower 6 and the incineration deodorization unit 1 for cooling the flue gas discharged from the incinerator.
In a specific application example, the chemical washing tower 6 is connected with an automatic washing liquid adding device, the automatic washing liquid adding device comprises a washing liquid adding device 7, a washing liquid circulating box 8 and a graphite heat exchanger 10, the washing liquid adding device 7 and the washing liquid circulating box 8 are connected and used for automatically adding and conveying washing liquid, and the graphite heat exchanger 10 is used for cooling the washing liquid. The washing solution can be selected from alkali liquor.
In a specific application example, a plate heat exchanger 9 is arranged between the biological deodorization unit 12 and the chemical washing tower 6, and is used for cooling the flue gas treated by the chemical washing tower 6, so that the temperature of the flue gas is suitable for the existence of microorganisms in the biological deodorization device 12.
In the specific application example, all units of the device are connected through connecting pipelines, and a deodorizing fan 3 and a centrifugal fan 11 are arranged for conveying odor and smoke. At the end of the apparatus, i.e. at the end of the bio-deodorising unit 12, there is provided an exhaust stack 13 for exhausting the treated exhaust gases, the exhaust stack 13 being in this example about 15 metres in height.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention may be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, washing and heat exchange of thermal hydrolysis odor; cooling the odor subjected to thermal hydrolysis pressure release, removing water vapor and sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor, and removing part of malodorous substances in the odor;
s2, burning for deodorization; removing odor by combustion;
s3, chemical washing and deodorization; removing sulfur oxides and a small amount of incompletely combusted hydrogen sulfide in the flue gas by chemical washing;
s4, biological deodorization; and (3) treating the odor by using microorganisms, converting the odor into inorganic matters, and finally discharging the odor up to the standard.
2. The method for treating high concentration malodorous gases produced by thermal hydrolysis of sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high temperature thermal hydrolysis odor is reduced to 20-40 ℃ in the step S1.
3. The method for treating high-concentration malodorous gases generated by thermal hydrolysis of sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, natural gas or biogas is used as fuel, and hydrogen sulfide and organic malodorous gases generated by thermal hydrolysis are removed by combustion.
4. The method for treating high-concentration malodorous gases produced by thermal hydrolysis of sludge as claimed in claim 3, wherein the combustion temperature is 600-1100 ℃, or 850-1000 ℃.
5. The method for treating high concentration malodorous gas generated by thermal hydrolysis of sludge as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the detergent in step S3 is sodium hydroxide, and the pH of the prepared solution is = 13-14.
6. The method for treating high-concentration malodorous gases produced by thermal hydrolysis of sludge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microorganisms in step S4 are one or more of sulfur oxidizing flora, nitrifying flora and denitrifying flora.
7. A device for treating high-concentration malodorous gas generated by sludge pyrohydrolysis is characterized by comprising:
the washing heat exchange unit (2) cools the odor subjected to thermal hydrolysis pressure release through a heat exchanger and a washing tank, removes water vapor and sludge carried in the thermal hydrolysis odor, and removes part of malodorous substances in the odor;
the incineration deodorization unit (1) takes natural gas as fuel and converts malodorous gas in the odor through combustion;
a chemical washing tower (6) for removing odor by chemical washing;
the biological deodorization unit (12) is connected with the output end of the chemical washing tower (6), malodorous substances are degraded into carbon dioxide and water through microorganisms, and the output end of the biological deodorization unit (12) is discharged;
the tail end of the washing heat exchange unit (2) is connected with the incineration deodorization unit (1) through an odor gas-gas heat exchanger (4), and a gas quenching device (5) is arranged between the chemical washing tower (6) and the incineration deodorization unit (1) for cooling the flue gas discharged from the incinerator.
8. The device for treating the high-concentration malodorous gas generated by the pyrohydrolysis of the sludge according to claim 7, wherein the chemical washing tower (6) is connected with an automatic cleaning solution adding device, the automatic cleaning solution adding device comprises a cleaning solution adding device (7), a cleaning solution circulating box (8) and a graphite heat exchanger (10), the cleaning solution adding device (7) and the cleaning solution circulating box (8) are connected with each other, the cleaning solution adding device (7) and the cleaning solution circulating box (8) are used for automatically adding and conveying the cleaning solution, and the graphite heat exchanger (10) is used for cooling the cleaning solution.
9. The device for treating the high-concentration malodorous gas generated by the pyrohydrolysis of sludge as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein a plate heat exchanger (9) is arranged between the biological deodorization unit (12) and the chemical washing tower (6) for cooling the flue gas treated by the chemical washing tower (6).
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| CN108773992A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-11-09 | 苏伊士水务工程有限责任公司 | Sludge treatment system and method for treating sludge by using same |
| CN111013311A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 四川深蓝环保科技有限公司 | Advanced treatment system and method for hydrothermal waste gas |
| CN112607982B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-07-05 | 湖南军信环保股份有限公司 | Sludge pyrohydrolysis system and sludge anaerobic digestion system |
| CN114471068A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-05-13 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for sludge odor |
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