CN106616030A - Compound Chinese herbal medicinal preparation for preventing and curing white spot disease of procambarus clarkia and method thereof - Google Patents
Compound Chinese herbal medicinal preparation for preventing and curing white spot disease of procambarus clarkia and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/255—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of sulfoxy acids or sulfur analogues thereof
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and curing white spot disease (WSD) of procambarus clarkia and a method thereof. The compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation comprises the following components: radix isatidis, rheum officinale, herba houttuyniae and allicin. The method comprises the following steps: the compound Chinese herbal medicinal preparation is mixed with feed and the feed is continuously used to feed for 30-40 days before a season of an onset of the WSD of the procambarus clarkia. Compared with the prior art, especially for ponds which the WSD outbreak, the provided compound Chinese herbal medicine preparation for preventing and curing the WSD of the procambarus clarkia can control the incidence of the WSD of the procambarus clarkia to a very low level, the method is simple in operations, and the preparation has very important meanings for preventing and curing the WSD of the procambarus clarkia, reducing morbidity of the procambarus clarkia caused by the WSD, and improving yields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, more particularly to it is a kind of white for preventing and treating Procambius clarkii
The Chinese herbal formula and its method of spot syndrome.
Background technology
In recent years, guttate morphea syndrome (White Spot Disease, WSD) was increasingly becoming a kind of important disease of cultivation shrimp
Disease.WSD is classified as and must report epidemic disease by International Animal Health tissue (OIE), and the Ministry of Agriculture is classified as a class animal epidemic.Shrimp is held
Easily break out the sick time for late April to early July, popular water temperature be 20-28 DEG C.When popular climatic characteristic be fine day round the clock
The temperature difference is big, and continuous sunny, temperature rises rapidly, and continuous cloudy day, heavy rain, temperature is then reduced rapidly, and drastic change, water easily occurs in water temperature
Body physical and chemical factor changes greatly, causes phytoplankton mortality in pond, bottom of pond water to degenerate, and then causes water body environment further
Deteriorate.Guttate morphea syndrome is once occur, and the shrimp death rate is higher, from there is time of the symptom by dead only 3-5 days, even more
It is short.This sick infection rate is higher, and the shrimp of 70 more than ℅ in pond can be made within 7 days or so to fall ill, or even dead.This sick clinical characters is
First dead prawn, then dead Prawn, the juvenile prawn death rate is relatively low, and the more healthy shrimp of sick shrimp body colour is gloomy, has yellow-white at the shrimp carapace of part
Spot；Dissect visible intestines and stomach empty, some sick shrimps have black gill symptom；Part shrimp tail muscles it is rubescent or present gonorrhoea sample.Pond
The cladocera on the pool and Copepods also can infect, and play a role in transmission.
From the point of view of Virus carrying rate, WSD has been prevalent among the shrimp of cultivation (carrying rate more than 80%).This knot
Fruit will provide some beneficial enlightenments to prevent and treat shrimp WSD diseases.It is a kind of prevention and control WSD by cultivating the shrimp seedling for not carrying WSD
Approach, but, according to the current prawn disease high carrying rate of poison from the point of view of, the close shrimp difficulty for not carried WSD is very big.Although additionally, training
The shrimp seedling for not carrying WSD has been educated, in the pond for having broken out WSD diseases originally, the virus of remaining in water body and environment has been killed
Also there is certain difficulty.It should be noted that the shrimp for collecting does not have in appearance obvious disease symptom, WSD is in shrimp body
Morbidity be opportunistic.In the presence of the factors such as breeding environment deterioration, nutritional imbalance, shrimp could be induced to break out WSD diseases
Disease.
Chinese herbal medicine is that by made by natural plant product, some of which species has the function of sterilizing, has
Species can also supplement the nutrients, promote growth, adjusts metabolism, the immunologic function and resistance against diseases of animal of building up health, improve
Function, compare with antibiotic with chemicals, also with low toxicity, low-residual, be difficult to promote what causal organism drug resistance was formed
Feature, therefore, in growing interest environment and today of food security, their effects in aquatic economic animals disease control are got over
More to be paid close attention to by people.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind is comprehensive for preventing and treating Procambius clarkii hickie
The Chinese herbal formula and its method of disease are closed, is occurred with the method preventing and treating shrimp white spot syndrome for providing a kind of simple, low toxicity.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
The invention provides a kind of Chinese herbal formula for preventing and treating Procambius clarkii white spot syndrome, the compound
The component of Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations includes：Radix Isatidis, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia and allicin.
Further, the mass ratio of the Radix Isatidis, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia and allicin is 10：12：12：15.
Present invention also offers a kind of method for preventing and treating shrimp white spot syndrome using above-mentioned Chinese herbal formula, specifically
For：The Chinese herbal formula is admixed into feed Jing after water is boiled, the pharmaceutical feed containing the Chinese herbal formula is made,
Before shrimp white spot syndrome morbidity season, continuously fed 30-40 days using the pharmaceutical feed；Continuous Feeding time should be controlled strictly
Within the above range, continuous Feeding time is too short, and prevention effect may be caused undesirable for system, the long prawn of continuous Feeding time
Disease resistance has negative interaction.
In the pharmaceutical preparation, the mass percent of Chinese herbal formula addition is 0.2%-0.3%, and addition concentration is straight
Connect and have impact on shrimp resistance against diseases, addition concentration is too low, shrimp resistance against diseases is improved not significantly, adds excessive concentration, the disease-resistant energy of prawn
The raising of power has negative interaction.
Further, the method for the preventing and treating shrimp white spot syndrome, also includes：In shrimp white spot syndrome premorbid, keep
The protein content for feeding feed is 24-28%, to ensure sufficient suitable protein intake, meanwhile, add multiple in feed
Probiotics is closed, the immunity of shrimp can be improved, wherein, the probiotics is made up of photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, institute
The CFU (CFU, Colony-Forming Units) of photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus is stated than being 1：1.
Further, the method for the preventing and treating shrimp white spot syndrome, also includes：Control breeding water body Central Asia nitric acid content is little
In 0.01mg/L, specifically can adopt：Apply photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus in shrimp aquaculture water body to carry out nitrous acid content
Control.
Further, the method for the preventing and treating shrimp white spot syndrome, also includes：Stable water quality, reduction is kept to change waterside
Number, when temperature occurs acute variation, increases the depth of breeding water body, and answering high temperature change prawn to produce with reduction stress be anti-
Should.
Further, the 5-7 months are concentrated on according to the general disease cycle of Procambius clarkii, in the present invention, the medicine is raised
Material feeds initial time for annual mid-April, and the Feeding time of the compound micro-ecological preparation is the annual 4-6 months, Ke Yibao
Card Procambius clarkii spends safely period of disease.
The present invention has compared to existing technology advantages below：The invention provides a kind of be used to prevent and treat Procambius clarkii hickie
The Chinese herbal formula and its method of syndrome, the Chinese herbal formula and its method especially to having broken out originally
The pond of WSD diseases, can be in it need not kill water body and environment in the case of the virus of remaining, by the incidence of disease of shrimp WSD
Control is simple to operate in very low level, the preventing and treating of prawn WSD, reduce shrimp WSD mortalities, improve yield have it is important
Meaning.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 reduces ratio result figure for the cumulative mortality of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 reduces ratio result figure for the cumulative mortality of embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 reduces ratio result figure for the cumulative mortality of embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment is carried out under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following enforcements
Example.
Embodiment 1
1st, material and place
The present embodiment method therefor is known to those skilled in the art if no special instructions the conventional method of dawn, used
The material such as reagent, if no special instructions, be commercially available purchase product.
It is experimental site that the present embodiment chooses certain lobster plant of Hefei district, and through investigation, the plant is mainly supported
The species grown be Procambius clarkii, and last year (2015) have colony fall ill phenomenon.
2nd, method
The preparation of 2.1 Chinese herbal formulas
Ultramicro grinding is carried out after Radix Isatidis, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia and allicin are respectively dried, raw material powder is obtained, by weight
Meter, raw material powder is mixed according to 15 parts of 10 parts of Radix Isatidis, 12 parts of rheum officinale, 12 parts of cordate houttuynia and allicin, in obtaining compound
Herbal medicinal product.
The preparation of 2.2 pharmaceutical feeds
Chinese herbal formula is added respectively according to percentage by weight for 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%
In Procambius clarkii breeding feed, the pharmaceutical feed that particle size is 1.5mm particles is mixed evenly to prepare standby.
2.3 prevention and controls
Procambius clarkii is divided into 6 groups, wherein 1-5 groups are experimental group, the 6th group is control group.
In mid-April, 2016, the Procambius clarkii of experimental group is continuously fed 30 days with the pharmaceutical feed for preparing, its
In, 1-5 groups are entered respectively with the pharmaceutical feed that the concentration of Chinese herbal formula is 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%
Row feeding, control group is fed with conventional feed.
2.4 results
The outbreak period of general Procambius clarkii white spot syndrome morbidity in the 5-7 months, due to the shrimp Leucoplakia incidence of disease it is fast, because
This, the present embodiment selects to start to count the cumulative mortality of Procambius clarkii in late July, 2016, in the present embodiment, will be real
The cumulative mortality for testing group is compared with the cumulative mortality of control group, and experiment with computing group cumulative mortality reduces ratio, knot
Fruit is as shown in Figure 1：0.1% group of cumulative mortality reduction ratio is less, is 61.5%；0.2% group of cumulative mortality reduces ratio
Maximum, is 82.3%；0.3% group secondly, is 69.7%；0.4% group is 65.2%, and 0.5% group minimum, is 50.2%.
2.5 conclusions
The above results show that adding Chinese herbal formula in feed can improve Procambius clarkii to white spot syndrome
Premunition, but affected by adding concentration, wherein, when addition Chinese herbal formula concentration is 0.2%, Procambius clarkii
Resistance against diseases is improved most substantially, adds excessive concentration, has negative interaction to premunition.
Embodiment 2
1st, material and place
With embodiment 1.
2nd, method
The preparation of 2.1 Chinese herbal formulas
With embodiment 1.
The preparation of 2.2 pharmaceutical feeds
It is respectively in 0.2% addition Procambius clarkii breeding feed, to mix according to percentage by weight by Chinese herbal formula
The pharmaceutical feed that particle size is 1.5mm particles is made after even standby.
2.3 prevention and controls and result
Procambius clarkii is divided into 5 groups, in mid-April, 2016, with the pharmaceutical feed for preparing respectively to 1-4 groups gram
Crayfish continuously feeds 20,30,40,50 days, and the 5th group as a control group, is fed with conventional feed.In late July, 2016 unites
The cumulative mortality of meter Procambius clarkii, and the cumulative mortality of experimental group is compared with the cumulative mortality of control group,
Experiment with computing group cumulative mortality reduces ratio, as a result as shown in Figure 2：The cumulative mortality of 20 days groups reduces ratio
67.8%, it is minimum；Group is 82.4% within 30 days；Group is 85.2% within 40 days；Group is 75.9% within 50 days.
2.4 conclusions
The above results show that adding Chinese herbal formula in feed can improve Procambius clarkii to white spot syndrome
Premunition, but affected by continuous Feeding time, wherein, when continuous Feeding time is 30-40 days, Procambius clarkii is disease-resistant
Ability is obviously improved, and feeding time is long, has negative interaction to premunition.
Embodiment 3
1st, material and place
With embodiment 1.
2nd, method
The preparation of 2.1 complex microecological feeds
Procambrus clarkii special feed is bought in market, and the particle size of the special feed is 1.5mm, and protein content is
24% (mass ratio).In the special feed add probiotics (probiotics by equal portions photosynthetic bacteria and
Bacillus constitutes), adding proportion is：Add 1 × 10 in every gram of special feed respectively4CFU、5×104CFU、1×105CFU、5
×105CFU、1×106The probiotics of CFU, obtains 5 kinds of probiotics feeds standby.
2.2 prevent and treat step
Procambius clarkii is furthermore split into 6 groups, 1-5 groups are experimental group, the 6th group is control group.
During in mid-April, 2016, the Procambius clarkii of experimental group is continuously fed 30 days with probiotics feed, its
In, 1-5 groups are respectively with addition 1 × 104CFU、5×104CFU、1×105CFU、5×105CFU、1×106The probiotics of CFU
Feed is fed, and control group is fed with the special feed without probiotics.
2.4 results
During in early July, 2016, count Procambius clarkii cumulative mortality, by the cumulative mortality of experimental group with compare
The cumulative mortality of group is compared, and experiment with computing group cumulative mortality reduces ratio, as a result as shown in figure 3,1 × 104CFU groups
It is 80.5% that cumulative mortality reduces ratio；5×104It is 82.9% that CFU groups cumulative mortality reduces ratio；1×105CFU groups are tired out
It is 82.4% that the product death rate reduces ratio；5×105It is 83.7% that CFU groups cumulative mortality reduces ratio；1×106CFU groups are accumulated
The death rate is reduced to 85.3%, as can be seen that as probiotics adds the increase of concentration, cumulative mortality reduces ratio in figure
Rate change is little.The above results show that adding a certain amount of probiotics in feed can improve Procambius clarkii dialogue
The premunition of spot syndrome.
Embodiment 4
1st, material and place
With embodiment 1.
2nd, method
2.1 prepare the pharmaceutical feed containing Chinese herbal formula and the special feed containing probiotics
Purchase Procambrus clarkii special feed, the protein content in the special feed is 28%.
By weight, will mix after 10 parts of Radix Isatidis, 12 parts of rheum officinale, 15 parts of dries pulverizings of 12 parts of cordate houttuynia and allicin,
Chinese herbal formula is prepared, Chinese herbal formula is added in shrimp special feed, obtained and contain compound Chinese herb system
The pharmaceutical feed of agent, wherein, the addition concentration of Chinese herbal formula is 0.2% (mass ratio).
The photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus of equal portions (CFU) are mixed, probiotics is obtained, in every gram of special feed
Addition 1 × 104CFU probioticses, prepare special-purpose medicaments feed.
2.2 prevent and treat step
At first 40 days of Procambius clarkii white spot syndrome morbidity season, using above-mentioned special-purpose medicaments feed 40 are continuously fed
My god.During cultivation, periodic detection cultivation water, according to the physical and chemical factor situation in pond, splash to the ill photosynthetic bacteria and gemma bar
The effective microorganism preparation regulating water quality such as bacterium, makes the nitrous acid content in water body less than 0.01mg/L, to keep water environment to be in
Good stable state.During cultivation day quantity of exchanged water be less than 10%, and avoid it is frequent, substantial amounts of change water operation, to keep water body
Physical and chemical factor is stablized, it is to avoid Procambius clarkii produces stress reaction.
2.3 results
After Procambius clarkii white spot syndrome morbidity season, the cumulative mortality of cray is counted, be less than 10%, this phase
Than in the death rate effect highly significant of morbidity season more than 70%, also further illustrating, can be helped using the prevention and controls
Help Procambius clarkii to spend period of disease safely, greatly reduce the economic loss brought because of disease.The prevention and controls also can be continued to use
To in the shrimp culture of other kinds.
It is above a kind of detailed embodiment of the invention and specific operating process, is with technical solutions of the utility model
Premised under implemented, but protection domain of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Chinese herbal formula for preventing and treating Procambius clarkii white spot syndrome, it is characterised in that in the compound
The component of herbal medicinal product includes：Radix Isatidis, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia and allicin.
2. a kind of Chinese herbal formula for preventing and treating Procambius clarkii white spot syndrome according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, the mass ratio of the Radix Isatidis, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia and allicin is 10：12：12：15.
3. a kind of method that Chinese herbal formula using as described in claim 1-2 prevents and treats shrimp white spot syndrome, its feature
It is that the Chinese herbal formula is admixed into feed Jing after water is boiled, makes the medicine containing the Chinese herbal formula and raise
Material, before shrimp white spot syndrome morbidity season, is continuously fed 30-40 days using the pharmaceutical feed.
4. it is according to claim 3 it is a kind of using the Chinese herbal formula prevent and treat shrimp white spot syndrome method, its
It is characterised by, in the pharmaceutical preparation, the mass percent of Chinese herbal formula addition is 0.2%-0.3%.
5. it is according to claim 3 it is a kind of using the Chinese herbal formula prevent and treat shrimp white spot syndrome method, its
It is characterised by, methods described also includes：Before shrimp white spot syndrome morbidity season, holding feeds the protein content of feed and is
24-28%, meanwhile, compound micro-ecological preparation is added in feed, wherein, the probiotics is by photosynthetic bacteria and gemma bar
Bacterium constitutes, and the CFU ratios of the photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus are 1：1.
6. it is according to claim 3 it is a kind of using the Chinese herbal formula prevent and treat shrimp white spot syndrome method, its
It is characterised by, methods described also includes：Control breeding water body Central Asia nitric acid content is less than 0.01mg/L.
7. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of using the Chinese herbal formula prevent and treat shrimp white spot syndrome method, its
It is characterised by, the control of nitrous acid content is carried out using photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus.
8. it is according to claim 3 it is a kind of using the Chinese herbal formula prevent and treat shrimp white spot syndrome method, its
It is characterised by, methods described also includes：Keep stable water quality, reduction to change waterside number, when temperature occurs acute variation, increase
The depth of breeding water body.
9. it is according to claim 3 it is a kind of using the Chinese herbal formula prevent and treat shrimp white spot syndrome method, its
It is characterised by, the pharmaceutical feed feeds initial time for annual mid-April, the Feeding time of the compound micro-ecological preparation
For the annual 4-6 months.
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