CN106609369A - Method for realizing additive manufacturing through cold gas dynamic spray - Google Patents
Method for realizing additive manufacturing through cold gas dynamic spray Download PDFInfo
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- CN106609369A CN106609369A CN201510695213.5A CN201510695213A CN106609369A CN 106609369 A CN106609369 A CN 106609369A CN 201510695213 A CN201510695213 A CN 201510695213A CN 106609369 A CN106609369 A CN 106609369A
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- Prior art keywords
- cold air
- printing
- air power
- powder
- spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as 3D printing, in particular to a method for realizing additive manufacturing through cold gas dynamic spray. A cold gas dynamic spray process is adopted to be combined with computer aided manufacturing, so that a 3D printing technology is realized; different from other conventional thermal 3D printing technologies, the technology is a non-thermal input type (non-smelting) 3D printing technology. Based on the cold gas dynamic spray process, the technology enables particles to impact at a high speed under a solid state, and 3D printing additive manufacturing is realized through strong plastic deformation of the particles and deposition. Meanwhile, an advanced computer aided manufacturing technology is combined, so that complex workpieces with relatively high precision can be manufactured; and in the process, powder does not generate phenomena such as oxidization, burning loss, phase change and structural change. Therefore, the method solves the problem that materials such as alloys, amorphous materials, quasi-crystal materials and nano-crystal materials, which are liable to have phase change and are liable to volatilize at a high temperature, cannot apply the conventional thermal input type (smelting type) 3D printing technology to manufacture workpieces.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to increasing material manufacturing (AM) is commonly called as 3D printing technique field, specially a kind of cold air powered spray
The method that increasing material manufacturing (3D printing) is realized in painting --- CGDS-AM (non-thermal imported 3D printing technique),
Using cold air power spraying and coating, the kinetic energy having by granule high-speed motion thing carries out fast deposition, realizes non-molten
Change the new technique of 3D printing.
Background technology：
3D printing technique, i.e., quickly manufacture one kind of (RM) technology, and it is that one kind is with mathematical model file
Basis, first passes through computer-aided design (CAD) or the modeling of computer animation modeling software, then will build up
3D models " subregion " into section successively, with powdery metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, by successively beating
The mode of print carrys out the technology of constructed object.
The forming principle of traditional 3D printing technique is to be melted material powder by heat input, and is combined
CAE (computer-aided engineering Computer Aided Engineering) technologies are realizing increasing material manufacturing.And to heat
With the material of oxidation-sensitive, because its tissue, composition, all kinds of physical parameters all change generation after fusing, hardly possible
To realize increasing material manufacturing by this kind of method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing (3D printing),
By realizing 3D printing with reference to computer aided manufacturing using cold air power spraying and coating technique, open up one kind and prepare tool
The method for having certain precision and complex-shaped heat-sensitive material workpiece.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of method that cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, the method adopts cold air power spraying and coating technique, and
With reference to advanced computers aided manufacturing techniques, the non-thermal 3D printing increasing material manufacturing workpiece of CGDS-AM are realized.
The method that described cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, the rapid shaping that the method passes through 3D printing
Technology and cold air dynamic spraying technology are organically combined, and with powder to process raw material, adopt compressed gas to accelerate to be situated between
Matter, drives metallic particles in the solid state with the supersonic speed bumped substrate of 1～4Mach, causes granule to occur strong
Plastic deformation so that powder layer by layer deposition is on metallic substrates, superposition forms metal works.
During the method that described cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, manufacture workpiece, cold air powered spray
The design parameter for applying technique is as follows：Accelerating medium uses compressed gas, species be air, nitrogen, helium or on
Two or more mixed gas are stated, gas heating-up temperature is 100～1000 DEG C during spraying, to improve compressed gas
Speed；Spray pressure be 0.6～5MPa, spray distance be 10～80mm, 50 °～90 ° of incident angle.
The method that described cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, the powder diameter of selection is distributed as 5～50 μm,
And reunite to the nano-particle of 5～50 μm of micron order.
The method that described cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, using professional CAD instrument combined high precision
Automatic robot is armed to realize 3D printing.
The method that described cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, the workpiece composition of preparation is identical with using powder,
And retain powder initial structure and locally more refine.
The present invention design philosophy be：
Cold air power spraying and coating is a new technique developed in recent years, by Chinese scholars extensive concern.
Generally it is applied to surface to be modified, prepares functional coating and workpiece recovery technique.It is different from traditional thermal spraying,
Cold air power spraying and coating is under low temperature state, violent plasticity to be produced during by high velocity powder particles hit matrix and is become
Shape and realize deposition modeling.The not tissue and composition of feed change in forming process, therefore cold air power spraying and coating
It is particularly suitable for the powder increasing material manufacturing to heat and oxidation-sensitive.Jing is retrieved, and cold air power spraying and coating is combined
CAE technologies realize that 3D printing at home and abroad yet there are no patent report.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect are：
1st, the present invention opens up a kind of 3D printing technique of heat-sensitive material, solves traditional 3D printing technique
Heat-sensitive material cannot be applied to, such as：It is the easy phase transformation of high temperature, volatile alloy and amorphous, quasi-crystalline substance, nanocrystalline
Deng a difficult problem for material, realize that the non-thermal 3D printings of CGDS-AM prepare the complex part with degree of precision.
2nd, the workpiece composition for being prepared using the present invention is identical with powder is used, and retains powder initial structure and more
Refinement, solves the difficult problem for preparing bulk nanometer material and part.
3rd, the workpiece prepared using the present invention has good mechanical performance.
4th, the workpiece prepared using the present invention has higher precision, realizes near-net-shape.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cold air power spraying and coating 3D printing schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is to prepare tubing using cold air power spraying and coating 3D printing technique.
Fig. 3 is the section structure pattern that Al12Si workpiece are prepared using cold air power spraying and coating 3D printing technique.
Specific embodiment
In a specific embodiment, the present invention is realized using cold air power spraying and coating technique with reference to computer aided manufacturing
3D printing technique, prepare the method with certain precision and complex-shaped heat-sensitive material workpiece.
During preparing workpiece, design parameter is as follows：During spraying gas heating-up temperature be 200～700 DEG C (preferably
300～500 DEG C), the purpose of heating is to improve compressed gas speed.Powder and substrate can be heated by room temperature
To 700 DEG C, accelerating medium uses compressed gas, and the species of compressed gas is air, nitrogen, helium or above-mentioned
Two or more mixed gas, spray pressure be 1.5～5MPa, spray distance be 10～30mm, angle of incidence
50 °～90 ° of degree, the bond strength of the workpiece of preparation reaches 40～200MPa, porosity 0.1%～1.54%,
40 μm～160 μm of surface roughness Ra.
As shown in figure 1, the technological process of cold air power spraying and coating 3D printing is as follows：Gases at high pressure Jing gases are heated
Afterwards, converge with the powder of gases at high pressure conveying, powder is delivered to into superonic flow nozzzle by the gases at high pressure for heating.
Compressed gas are adopted for accelerating medium, drives metallic particles to collide base with supersonic speed (1～4Mach) in the solid state
Plate, causes granule that strong plastic deformation occurs.Meanwhile, with reference to computer aided color design CAE, adopt
Professional CAD instrument combined high precision automatic robot is armed to realize 3D printing, so that powder layer by layer deposition exists
On metal basal board, superposition forms metal works.
Wherein, complex region accurate deposition can be realized by adjusting angle of incidence, but deposition efficiency can be with incidence
The reduction of angle and reduce.Choice of powder include Al, Cu powder, Ti, Ni, MCrAlY alloy powder and some
Ceramic powders, or the mixed powder for configuring by a certain percentage.When preparing workpiece, baseplate material can select and spray coating powder
The close material of last consistent or physical parameter is well deposited with realizing the initial stage.Powder diameter is distributed as 5～50 μm,
And reunite to micron-sized nano-particle.
In the present invention, cold spray apparatus refer to the Chinese invention patent (patent No.：01128130.8, authorize public
Announcement number：CN1161188C a kind of cold air driven spray painter) mentioned.
To make technical scheme and advantage clearer, retouched in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment
State.
Embodiment 1
Spraying granularity is the pure Al powder of 400～500 mesh, and operating pressure is 1.5MPa, 380 DEG C of gas heating-up temperature,
60 °～90 ° of angle of incidence.According to cad file programme-control, jet length coordinates the direction of growth to move to injection direction
It is dynamic, realize fine aluminium shaped piece 3D printing molding.In the present embodiment, the combination of the workpiece of the workpiece preparation of preparation
Intensity reaches 40～200MPa, porosity 0.1%～0.5%, 40 μm～160 μm of surface roughness Ra.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, from preparing aluminium using cold air power spraying and coating 3D printing technique as can be seen that cold air power spraying and coating
Increases material manufacturing technology can manufacture to a certain degree complex-shaped workpiece.
Embodiment 2
Spraying granularity is the pure Cu powder of 325～600 purposes, and operating pressure is 2.5MPa, gas heating-up temperature
500 DEG C, 60 °～90 ° of angle of incidence, printing head is with anisotropic conductor surface pivots.Copper powder layer by layer deposition is original
Matrix surface, Jing determines the partially electronically conductive property of new-added item well, realizes the increasing material manufacturing of oxidizable material.The present embodiment
In, the bond strength of the workpiece of preparation reaches 65～200MPa, and porosity 0.2%～1.2%, electrical conductivity is close to
Fine copper.
Embodiment 3
Spraying granularity is 450～500 mesh amorphous state Al powder, and operating pressure is 1.8MPa, gas heating-up temperature
250 DEG C, 90 ° of angle of incidence.Printing head is sprayed perpendicular to orientation substrate, and jet length coordinates the direction of growth
It is mobile, realize amorphous state fine aluminium increasing material manufacturing.In the present embodiment, the block materials tissue of preparation possesses amorphous state
Tissue signature.
Embodiment 4
Spraying granularity is 325～600 mesh Al12Si powder, and operating pressure is 2.0MPa, gas heating-up temperature
400 DEG C, 90 ° of angle of incidence.Printing head is sprayed perpendicular to orientation substrate, and jet length coordinates the direction of growth
Mobile, realization prepares alusil alloy increasing material manufacturing.In the present embodiment, the block materials of preparation have good resistance to
Mill and decay resistance.As shown in figure 3, preparing Al12Si works from using cold air power spraying and coating 3D printing technique
The section structure pattern of part.
Embodiment result shows that the present invention realizes 3D using cold air power spraying and coating technique with reference to computer aided manufacturing
Printing technique, is different from other traditional hot 3D printing techniques, and the technology is non-thermal 3D printing technique.The skill
Art be based on cold air power spraying and coating technique, granule high-speed impact surface of the work under solid states can be made, by
The strong plastic deformation of grain carries out deposition and realizes 3D printing increasing material manufacturing.Meanwhile, with reference to advanced computers auxiliary
Manufacturing technology can prepare the complex part with degree of precision.And in the process powder be not susceptible to oxidation,
The phenomenons such as scaling loss, phase transformation, tissue change, solve the easy phase transformation of high temperature, volatile alloy and amorphous, quasi-crystalline substance,
The nanocrystalline difficult problem for waiting material that traditional hot 3D printing technique cannot be applied to prepare workpiece.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that cold air power spraying and coating realizes increasing material manufacturing, it is characterised in that：The method is dynamic using cold air
Power spraying coating process, and with reference to advanced computers aided manufacturing techniques, realize that the non-thermal 3D printings of CGDS-AM increase
Material manufactures workpiece.
2. the method for realizing increasing material manufacturing according to the cold air power spraying and coating described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The method is organically combined by the rapid shaping technique of 3D printing and cold air dynamic spraying technology, with powder to add
Work raw material, adopts compressed gas for accelerating medium, drives metallic particles in the solid state with the Supersonic of 1～4Mach
Fast bumped substrate, causes granule that strong plastic deformation occurs, so that powder layer by layer deposition is on metallic substrates,
Superposition forms metal works.
3. the method for realizing increasing material manufacturing according to the cold air power spraying and coating described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
During manufacture workpiece, the design parameter of cold air power spraying and coating technique is as follows：Accelerating medium uses compressed gas,
Species is mixed gas more than air, nitrogen, helium or above two, and gas heating-up temperature is during spraying
100～1000 DEG C, to improve compressed gas speed；Spray pressure be 0.6～5MPa, spray distance be 10～
80mm, 50 °～90 ° of incident angle.
4. the method for realizing increasing material manufacturing according to the cold air power spraying and coating described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：
From powder diameter be distributed as 5～50 μm, and reunite to the nano-particle of 5～50 μm of micron order.
5. the method for realizing increasing material manufacturing according to the cold air power spraying and coating described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
3D printing is realized using professional CAD instrument combined high precision automatic robot is armed.
6. the method for realizing increasing material manufacturing according to the cold air power spraying and coating described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The workpiece composition of preparation is identical with using powder, and retains powder initial structure and locally more refine.
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| CN201510695213.5A CN106609369A (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Method for realizing additive manufacturing through cold gas dynamic spray |
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| CN201510695213.5A CN106609369A (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | Method for realizing additive manufacturing through cold gas dynamic spray |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018091000A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | 华中科技大学 | Combined additive manufacturing method applicable to parts and molds |
| CN108188401A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-06-22 | 顺德职业技术学院 | High-frequency induction heating assists cold spraying deposited metal 3D printing method and apparatus |
| CN108247043A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-06 | 顺德职业技术学院 | The cold spraying deposited metal 3D printing method and apparatus of fusible removal support |
| CN108500275A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of part increasing material manufacturing device and method of high-compactness and low residual stress |
| CN112589104A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing magnesium-aluminum composite board by combining powder additive manufacturing, rolling and heat treatment |
| CN113351871A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-07 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Metal composite layer and preparation method thereof, and seamless cathode roller and preparation method thereof |
| CN113502471A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-15 | 深圳大学 | Forming method of electric spindle rotor conducting bar |
| CN113529065A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method and device for preparing iridium metal coating based on cold spraying high-speed deposition additive manufacturing technology |
| CN113828793A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-24 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Rocket engine thrust chamber double-wall structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| US11426794B2 (en) | 2018-10-08 | 2022-08-30 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Composite structures including multiple materials formed using cold spraying |
| CN115338422A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-15 | 西北工业大学 | Additive manufacturing method of multilayer shaped charge liner coating for improving after-damage pressure |
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| CN102527544A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Cold spray device and method for preparing metal composite gradient quasicrystal coating |
| JP2015137384A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Metallic film, and film deposition method therefor |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN102527544A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Cold spray device and method for preparing metal composite gradient quasicrystal coating |
| JP2015137384A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Metallic film, and film deposition method therefor |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018091000A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | 华中科技大学 | Combined additive manufacturing method applicable to parts and molds |
| CN108188401A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-06-22 | 顺德职业技术学院 | High-frequency induction heating assists cold spraying deposited metal 3D printing method and apparatus |
| CN108247043A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-06 | 顺德职业技术学院 | The cold spraying deposited metal 3D printing method and apparatus of fusible removal support |
| CN108247043B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2024-04-02 | 顺德职业技术学院 | 3D printing method and equipment for cold spraying deposited metal capable of melting and removing support |
| CN108500275A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of part increasing material manufacturing device and method of high-compactness and low residual stress |
| CN108500275B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-11-26 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of part increasing material manufacturing device and method of high-compactness and low residual stress |
| US11426794B2 (en) | 2018-10-08 | 2022-08-30 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Composite structures including multiple materials formed using cold spraying |
| CN112589104A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-04-02 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing magnesium-aluminum composite board by combining powder additive manufacturing, rolling and heat treatment |
| CN113529065A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method and device for preparing iridium metal coating based on cold spraying high-speed deposition additive manufacturing technology |
| CN113502471A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-15 | 深圳大学 | Forming method of electric spindle rotor conducting bar |
| CN113351871A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-07 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Metal composite layer and preparation method thereof, and seamless cathode roller and preparation method thereof |
| CN113828793A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-24 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Rocket engine thrust chamber double-wall structure and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115338422A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-15 | 西北工业大学 | Additive manufacturing method of multilayer shaped charge liner coating for improving after-damage pressure |
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Application publication date: 20170503 |