CN106599439A - Energy consumption-oriented parameter optimization and matching method for dual-motor power system of pure electric vehicle - Google Patents
Energy consumption-oriented parameter optimization and matching method for dual-motor power system of pure electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention aims to seek optimal dual-motor power parameters by considering contradiction between power performance and economical efficiency, and improve the power performance and endurance of a pure electric vehicle by reasonably selecting the dual-motor power parameters, and discloses an energy consumption-oriented parameter optimization and matching method for a dual-motor power system of the pure electric vehicle. The parameter optimization and matching method comprises the following steps of performing preliminary parameter matching on a dual-motor torque and rotary speed coupling structure, which is researched previously and has four working modes, based on an NEDC working condition and the like; next, on the basis of comprehensive consideration of the power performance and the economical efficiency of the electric vehicle, establishing a dual-motor power system parameter optimization model which takes acceleration time in 100 kilometers and specific energy consumption as a target, takes motor power, rotary speed, and transmission ratio as optimization variables, and takes power performance as constraint; and finally, solving the optimization model by a crossed particle swarm optimization, and performing comparison and analysis on an optimization result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical transmission fields, and in particular to pure electric automobile double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized Matching.
Background technology
To improve the capacity usage ratio during electric automobile during traveling, double-motor power system schema gradually grows up,
But the immature continual mileage that govern electric automobile of battery technology.
Some scholars are to the energy consumption to reduce electric automobile as a certain parameters of operating part in objective optimization power assembly system
Launch research.Hu Minghui etc. with car load dynamic property require be constraint, economy as target, combined standard operating mode to electric automobile electricity
Machine is matched with drive system parameter；The pure electric automobile drive system parameter that Wang Xueming is arranged to Mechanical Driven has been carried out
Match somebody with somebody, and drive line ratio is optimized；Zhang Kangkang et al. proposes a kind of pure electric vehicle power based on multiple-objection optimization
The characteristic parameter matching method of system, is optimized analysis to gear ratio, confirms the effectiveness of parameter matching by drum test.
Zhu says jade-like stone et al. and proposes a kind of electric automobile parameter matched design scheme based on state of cyclic operation, to accumulator capacity parameter and
Gear ratio is optimized matching.
Additionally, the dynamic property and economy in order to improve electric automobile, some scholars are for motor, battery in power assembly
Studied with the collaboration Optimized Matching of decelerator parameter.Li etc. is target to motor work(with energy consumption, cost and acceleration time
Rate, set of cells number and gear ratio are optimized；With car load energy consumption as target, power index is constraint to motor work(to Gao etc.
Rate, set of cells number and gear ratio are optimized；Wu Xue is driven to electric automobile with complete vehicle quality and hundred kilometers of energy consumptions as target
The motor and decelerator parameter of system is optimized；Gao etc. is target to hybrid vehicle with dynamic property and economy
Electromotor, motor and battery parameter are optimized.
The studies above is mostly to be optimized matching for the parameter of single motor power system, less for double-motor power
System is launched.And double-motor power system is due to the assignment problem that there is two motor torques and rotating speed under different working modes,
So that the parameter matching and optimization of double-motor power system is more complicated.ZHANG et al. proposes the bimodulus of one kind of multiple mode of operations
Power-driven system, and matching optimization is carried out to its parameter based on genetic algorithm, as a result show the two grades of changes of the more single motor of the system
Fast drive system and dual motors drive system have higher efficiency.Wang et al. proposes that a kind of rotational speed and torque coupling is double
Drive system, is carried out to power system parameter with hundred kilometers of acceleration time and continual mileage as target exploitation quantum genetic algorithm excellent
Change.Wang Feng et al. propose it is a kind of including buncher and the actuating unit of planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, to its motor and transmission dress
Putting parameter has carried out matching primitives, and considers the dynamic property and economy of electric automobile gear ratio is optimized.So
And, the studies above fail to take into full account in the optimization to double-motor power parameter under different working modes two motor speeds and
The assignment problem of torque, causes optimum results inaccurate.Therefore, take into full account motor and Train Parameters in different working modes
Under impact to hundred kilometers of acceleration time of electric automobile and energy consumption, and consider the contradiction between dynamic property and economy to seek most
Excellent kinetic parameter has important Research Significance.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is, on the basis of the dynamic property and economy for considering electric automobile, to solve double electricity
Mechanomotive force systematic parameter Optimized model, obtains the power system parameter of optimum, lifts the dynamic property and continuation of the journey energy of pure electric automobile
Power.
The technical scheme adopted to realize the object of the invention is such, i.e., a kind of pure electric automobile towards energy consumption is double
Motor power systematic parameter Method of Optimal Matching, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Based on information such as NEDC operating modes, the bi-motor torque rotary speed coupled structure with four kinds of mode of operations is entered
Line parameter preliminary matches, to meet the power performance index during electric automobile during traveling.
Step 2：On the basis of electric powered motor and economy is considered, it is considered to which bi-motor torque rotary speed is coupled
Torque of the mechanism under different working modes, rotating speed, power distribution, set up with hundred kilometers of acceleration time and specific energy consumption as target,
Power of motor, rotating speed, gear ratio are optimized variable, and dynamic property is the double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model of constraint.
Step 3：Double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model is solved using particle cluster algorithm is intersected, optimized
The double-motor power driving system parameter of matching.
Preferably, in step 1, the described pair of bi-motor torque rotary speed coupled structure with four kinds of mode of operations enters line parameter
Preliminary matches process is：
(1) parameter of electric machine matching
Four kinds of mode of operations of double-motor power system are：M1Work independently, low-speed big operating mode；M2Work independently, middling speed
Little moment of torsion operating mode；Torque coupling, middling speed high pulling torque operating mode；Rotating speed is coupled, high-speed working condition.
Motor peak power selection principle is：
Pmax≥max(Pv, Pα, Pt)
In formula, PvIt is the power determined according to max. speed,Wherein m is vapour
Car Maximum total mass, g is acceleration of gravity, and f is coefficient of rolling resistance, vmaxFor max. speed, CDFor air resistance coefficient, A is for windward
Area；PαPower when climbing for automobile,ImaxFor maximum
Climbable gradient, v0Speed during max. climb slope, η are overcome for automobile full loadTFor transmission efficiency；PtIt is to be determined according to the acceleration time
Power,Wherein δ is gyrating mass coefficient.Consider 15% surplus capacity,
Select motor peak power Pmax。
According to figure NEDC work informations, the low speed interval power of motor maximum in 0-35km/h is obtained.To make electronic vapour
Car operates in high efficiency range as far as possible, improves electric automobile energy utilization rate, by motor M1Rated power be defined as the low regime
Between power maximum, while motor M1、M2Peak power sum should be Pmax.According to motor high speed efficiency it is relatively low the characteristics of, choosing
Take permagnetic synchronous motor maximum speed；Consider that electric automobile has preferable grade climbing performance, choose the rated speed of motor.
(2) Train Parameters matching
Gear ratio as car transmissions important performance characteristic, max. speed, max. climb slope to automobile and plus
Fast performance has important impact.Additionally, the reasonable setting of gear ratio is by the operation interval of effective regulation motor, it is allowed to maximum
Limit is operated in the higher interval of efficiency, so as to improve electric automobile energy efficiency.Traditional electric automobile single motor single level is slowed down and is passed
It is dynamic to meet than i：
Wherein, vmaxFor F-Zero, nmaxFor motor maximum speed, r is radius of wheel, TmaxFor the maximum defeated of motor
Go out moment of torsion, ImaxFor electric automobile max. climb slope.
From planetary gears characteristic, its max. climb slope is by motor M1Determine when working independently, therefore its gear ratio i
Meet above-mentioned relation.Meanwhile, there is higher energy efficiency to make electric automobile, gear ratio matching needs to meet：
A () is as motor M1It is operated alone and when speed per hour is 35km/h, within motor is as far as possible operated in rotating speed 4500r/min
(efficiency is of a relatively high).
B () is as motor M2Be operated alone or bi-motor torque coupling drive and speed per hour cover 35-70km/h when, to make motor
High efficiency range is operated in, then when motor is that operating rotational speed range is distributed 2000-4500r/min as far as possible.
(3) double-motor power system performance analysis
To verify the effectiveness of above parameter matching, according to the double-motor power systematic parameter for having matched, to electric automobile
Level road resistance, gradient resistance and driving force etc. are analyzed with the variation relation of automobile speed per hour, obtain dynamic drag balance
Analysis chart.
Preferably, in step 2, it is described with hundred kilometers of acceleration time and specific energy consumption as target, power of motor, rotating speed, biography
Dynamic ratio is optimized variable, and dynamic property is that the double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model of constraint is：
Wherein atFor hundred kilometers of acceleration time of double-motor power system, atMeet following relation：
Wherein, v1Represent motor M1Speed when driving driving force equal with torque coupling, v is operated alone2Represent torque coupling
Close and drive the max. speed for reaching,Represent motor M1The maximum driving force being transformed into when changing with speed on wheel,Represent and turn
Maximum driving force on square coupling wheel,Represent maximum driving force in rotating speed coupling hour wheel.Then have
When rotating speed coupling driving pattern works, need to overcome larger moment of torsion on gear ring, therefore, now maximum driving force need to be pressed
According to motor M2The driving force that can be provided is calculating.It is to allow M2Larger driving force is kept, regulation motor M can be passed through1Rotating speed makes motor
M2Permanent torque is operated in as far as possible interval, i.e., within rated speed, now driving force is larger.
Wherein,V is speed.
ECRepresent the energy consumption of complete operating mode NEDC, LCThe mileage of operating mode NEDC is represented, wherein：
Wherein, η (t) for motor t efficiency, v (t) for automobile t speed per hour, unit km/h, F represent vapour
In the driving force corresponding to operating mode moment t, for whole operating mode, resistance suffered by automobile includes rolling resistance of wheel, automobile to car
Air drag and acceleration resistance.
Work efficiency η (t) of the motor in operation interval arbitrfary point be
WhereinPiRepresent the power of certain operating point；Ploss-iThe total losses of motor operating point are represented, mainly
Including operating point copper loss PCu-i, eddy-current loss Pe-i, magnetic hystersis loss Ph-i, mechanical loss Pm-iWith added losses Ps-i.Wherein,
PCu-i、Pe-iAnd Ph-iPeak point copper loss P can be passed through respectivelyCu, eddy-current loss Pe, magnetic hystersis loss PhWith operating point rotating speed ni, power
PiTry to achieve, mechanical loss Pm-iWith added losses Ps-iCan be obtained by empirical equation.I.e.
Wherein, peak point total losses PlossMeet
In formula, h represents coefficient of heat transfer, W/m2·k；T is temperature rise limit, DEG C；A represents electric machine iron core surface area, mm2。
Copper loss PCuWith iron loss PFeThe 0.59 and 0.22, P of total losses is accounted for respectivelyeAnd PhThe half of iron loss is accounted for respectively.
Double-motor power system maximum equivalent driving moment figure is obtained according to dynamic drag equilibrium analyses figure, further according to maximum
Equivalent driving moment figure, divides the operation interval of four mode of operations of double-motor power system.
Preferably, in step 2 torque of the bi-motor torque rotary speed coupling mechanism under different working modes, turn
Speed, power allocation procedure are：
Double-motor power system, is two motor cooperations under rotating speed coupling and torque coupling mode of operation, now
Energy consumption should be the energy consumption sum of two motors.To make two motors be operated in the operating point of more efficient, both of which is tackled
The torque of lower two motors, rotating speed and power are reasonably distributed.Two motor torques need to be entered in torque coupling mode of operation
Row distribution, i.e., carry out power proportional allocations to bi-motor torque coupling pattern according to motor principle of similarity, it is ensured that two motors
Efficiency is more approximate and higher.Under torque coupling drive pattern, motor rotating speed is consistent, so when torque distribution meet
In motor rotating speed coupling process, two motor speeds need to be allocated according to work information.By to double
Motor speed Coupling Characteristics understand that torque is larger on gear ring, is allocated according to power equal proportion, will cause motor M1
Rotating speed exceedes restriction.Therefore, it is allocated based on the maximum (top) speed under operation torque, the maximization of two electric efficiencies, tool can be met
Body distribution principle is as follows：
T in formulaiMotor operation torque is represented, can be by wheel demand torque calculation, v is automobile speed per hour, and k is rotating speed ratio
Coefficient.When the maximum speed under operation torque exceedes motor maximum speed, 6000r/min is designated as.Therefore the distribution of two motor speeds
Meet
n1=knmax1i
n2=knmax2i
Preferably, it is in step 3, described double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model to be carried out using intersection particle cluster algorithm
Solution procedure is：
Particle swarm optimization algorithm has the characteristics of noninferior solution quality is high, robustness is good due to which, is often used as multiple target and asks
The parameter optimization of topic.In consideration of it, the invention is optimized to double-motor power systematic parameter using particle cluster algorithm.In population
Each particle represents an assembled scheme of double-motor power driving system parameter, respectively with position, speed, fitness three
Index is representing.Wherein, it is contemplated that the model decision variable mainly includes motor M1、M2Parameter, planetary gear characteristic parameter and
Two grades of fixed drive ratios etc., each particle position are a 7 degree of freedom vector Xi=[Pmaxli, PN1i, nN, PN2i, Pmax2i, αi, i0i]；
Particle rapidity represents the maximum flying distance of each particle in each iterative process；And fitness function is optimization object function,
Hundred kilometers of acceleration time and operating mode specific energy consumption, i.e. minF (X)=[min EC, min t].Particle is fitted by object function
Angle value is answered, and then evaluates lived through desired positions Pi, while particle also knows the optimal location of particle in all colonies
Pgb, the direction of particle evolution of future generation can be determined on this basis.
In formula, ω is Inertia weight factor；r1And r2For the random number between [0,1]；c1And c2Represent Studying factors.
Additionally, the inefficient shortcoming of Premature Convergence, later stage iteration is easily produced in order to solve particle cluster algorithm, using friendship
Fork particle cluster algorithm.Which adopts self adaptation inertia weight and the selection crossover operation being introduced in genetic algorithm effectively can improve
Algorithm global and local search capability, and accelerate iterative convergence speed.
By algorithm above flow process, the double-motor power systematic parameter after being optimized.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
The present invention is first on the basis of the different working modes of double-motor power assembly system, it is proposed that based on different works
The kinetic parameter matching principle of operation mode, and preliminary parameter matching is carried out based on NEDC operating modes to power assembly parameter, pass through
The reasonability of electric powered motor resistance balance analysis verification parameter matching.Secondly, establish with based on bi-motor Working mould
The operating mode specific energy consumption of formula Preliminary division and the hundred kilometers of acceleration time combined based on multi-mode under driving are object function, with motor
The Model for Multi-Objective Optimization of rated power, rated speed and gear ratio for optimized variable, and entered using particle cluster algorithm is intersected
Row is solved, and after as a result showing optimization, power system parameter has more excellent power performance and economic performance.The present invention is to bi-motor
The pure electric automobile resultant performance enhancements of power provide theory support, are conducive to the further development of pure electric automobile industry.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 double-motor power coupled systems
Fig. 2 double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized Matching overview flow charts
Fig. 3 NEDC operating modes and demand power
Fig. 4 double-motor power system dynamic resistance balance figures
Fig. 5 motor power system maximum equivalent driving moments
Hundred kilometers of acceleration relative analyses of Fig. 6
Fig. 7 specific energy consumption relative analyses
The equivalent driving force comparison diagrams of Fig. 8
Fig. 9 electric efficiency relative analyses
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but should not be construed above-mentioned theme of the invention
Scope is only limitted to following embodiments.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, known according to ordinary skill
Know and customary means, make various replacements and change, all should include within the scope of the present invention.
With Chongqing Automobile Co., Ltd. model pure electric vehicle as object of study, its power index is the present embodiment：
Max. speed vmaxFor 120km/h, hundred kilometers of acceleration time atFor 18s, max. climb slope ImaxFor 30%.The electric automobile whole
Basic parameter is as shown in table 1.
1 whole-car parameterses of table
NEDC operating modes and demand power such as Fig. 3.
According to Pmax≥max(Pv, Pα, Pt) peak power selection principle, while consider 15% surplus capacity, select motor
Peak power Pmax=45kW.
Motor M1Rated power is 12kW, and its peak power is 27kW；Motor M2Rated power is 8kW, and its peak power is
18kW.Permagnetic synchronous motor maximum speed 6000r/min, rated speed is 2400r/min.
Max. climb slope is by motor M1Determine when working independently, therefore its gear ratio meets i ＞ 10.3.
Gear ratio matching needs to meet：
A () is as motor M1It is operated alone and when speed per hour is 35km/h, within motor is as far as possible operated in rotating speed 4500r/min
(efficiency is of a relatively high), thus obtains the gear ratio i when sun gear is input into1=13.7, then gear ratio i1Value 13.5.
B () is as motor M2Be operated alone or bi-motor torque coupling drive and speed per hour cover 35-70km/h when, to make motor
High efficiency range is operated in, then trying one's best for operating rotational speed range when motor is distributed 2000-4500r/min, now gear ratio i2Meet
6.11≤i2≤ 6.88, consider electric powered motor and economy, choose gear ratio i2For 6.75.
Therefore, according to planetary gear characteristic, planetary mechanism PARAMETER ALPHA=2, two grades of fixed drive ratios i can be obtainedo=4.5.
Speed reducing ratio 13.5 when sun gear is input into, speed reducing ratio 6.75 when gear ring is input into.
Electric automobile double-motor power system dynamic resistance balance figure such as Fig. 4.
By shown in dynamic drag balance chart, using double-motor power driving system max. climb slope more than 30%, satisfaction is climbed
Slope requirement, while the requirement of maximum speed per hour 120km/h can be met by motor rotating speed coupling.
From dynamic drag balance chart, double-motor power system operating mode is：Front 25km/h motors M1It is operated alone,
25-96km/h bi-motors torque coupling drives, and 96km/h-100km/h is rotating speed coupling driving.Hundred kilometers of acceleration time can be obtained
For：
Wherein,WithMotor M is represented respectively1It is operated alone on maximum driving force in hour wheel, torque coupling wheel maximum
Maximum driving force on driving force and rotating speed coupling hour wheel.
The acceleration time is counted using MATLAB, as a result show electric automobile adopt set forth herein double-motor power
Hundred kilometers of acceleration time of system are 15.8s, meet acceleration requirement.
Motor power system maximum equivalent driving moment such as Fig. 5.
According to the operation interval of four mode of operations of equivalent driving moment figure Preliminary division double-motor power system：0-
Motor M in 24km/h is interval1Work independently, be motor M in 24km/h-70km/h and equivalent driving moment T ＜ 400Nm intervals2It is single
Solely work, 24km/h-70km/h and equivalent driving moment T ＞ 400Nm it is interval in for the driving of bi-motor torque coupling, 70km/h with
Upper is motor rotating speed coupling driving.
Boundary condition is constrained to：
Pmax=Pmax1+Pmax2=45kW, 20kW ＜ Pmax1＜ 35kW
8kW ＜ PN1＜ 15kW, 5kW ＜ PN2＜ 12kW
It is as follows that intersection particle cluster algorithm basic parameter is set：Inertia weight factor ωmax=0.6, ωmin=0.2；Studying factors
Meet c1=c2=1；Population number is 50；Iterationses are 100；Flying speed of partcles vmax=1.5, vmin=-1.5.
By algorithm above flow process, double-motor power systematic parameter after being optimized, with initial parameter comparing result such as
Shown in table 2, the electric automobile performance comparison result after optimization is as shown in table 3：
Parameter comparison before and after the optimization of table 2
Performance comparison before and after the optimization of table 3
Therefore, from above optimum results, double-motor power systematic parameter is carried out using intersection particle cluster algorithm excellent
After change, Dynamic Performance of Electric Vehicle and economic performance have been lifted to a certain extent, and are satisfied by design requirement.
Fig. 6 is contrasted before and after representing hundred kilometers of acceleration time optimizations of electric automobile, and hundred kilometers of accelerations exist as can be seen from Figure
It is obviously improved after optimization；Fig. 7 represents that electric automobile is contrasted before and after specific energy consumption optimization under NEDC state of cyclic operations, it is known that optimization
Specific energy consumption is substantially reduced afterwards, i.e., in the driving that the kinetic parameter after optimizing under identical battery capacity can improve electric automobile
Journey.
Motor M as seen from Figure 81Substantially increase before peak value driving force relatively optimizes when working independently, motor M can be made1Individually drive
When dynamic, the acceleration time is reduced；Although the driving force in torque coupling stage is not obviously improved before relatively optimizing, electronic vapour before optimization
Car accelerates to 100km/h needs motor M1It is operated alone, torque coupling drives and rotating speed coupling driving three phases, and after optimizing
Only need to motor M1Be operated alone and two stages driven with torque coupling, and the torque coupling stage is compared with the driving force that rotating speed is coupled
Greatly.Therefore 1.6 seconds are shortened before hundred kilometers of acceleration time relatively optimizations of electric automobile.
Fig. 9 represents that electric automobile optimizes efficiency comparative's figure of former and later two motors in NEDC operating mode downward drivings.Wherein, it is blue
Colo(u)r streak represents efficiency of the parameter optimization front motor in each operating point, and red line represents parameter optimization rear motor in each operating point
Efficiency.The energy consumption of electric automobile is mainly affected by motor work point efficiency, by motor and decelerator to power assembly
Parameter is optimized, and can effectively adjust the operation interval of motor, makes motor more be operated in high efficient district, reduces motor and damages
Consumption.As seen from Figure 9, efficiency of latter two motor of parameter optimization in each operating point of NEDC operating modes has a certain degree of carrying
Rise.
Claims (5)
1. towards the pure electric automobile double-motor power systematic parameter Method of Optimal Matching of energy consumption, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Based on information such as NEDC operating modes, the bi-motor torque rotary speed coupled structure with four kinds of mode of operations is joined
Number preliminary matches, to meet the power performance index during electric automobile during traveling.
Step 2：On the basis of electric powered motor and economy is considered, it is considered to bi-motor torque rotary speed coupling mechanism
Torque, rotating speed under different working modes, power distribution, set up with hundred kilometers of acceleration time and specific energy consumption as target, motor
Power, rotating speed, gear ratio are optimized variable, and dynamic property is the double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model of constraint.
Step 3：Double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model is solved using particle cluster algorithm is intersected, obtain Optimized Matching
Double-motor power driving system parameter.
2. the pure electric automobile double-motor power systematic parameter Method of Optimal Matching towards energy consumption according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In step 1, to the process that bi-motor torque rotary speed coupling mechanism enters line parameter preliminary matches it is：
(1) parameter of electric machine matching
Peak power selection principle is：
Pmax≥max(Pv, Pα, Pt)
In formula, PvIt is the power determined according to max. speed,Wherein m be automobile most
Big gross mass, g is acceleration of gravity, and f is coefficient of rolling resistance, vmaxFor max. speed, CDFor air resistance coefficient, A is windward side
Product；PαPower when climbing for automobile,ImaxClimb for maximum
The gradient, v0Speed during max. climb slope, η are overcome for automobile full loadTFor transmission efficiency；PtIt is to be determined according to the acceleration time
Power,Wherein δ is gyrating mass coefficient.Consider 15% surplus capacity, choosing
Select motor peak power Pmax。
Four kinds of mode of operations of double-motor power system are：M1Work independently, low-speed big operating mode；M2Work independently, middling speed is little
Moment of torsion operating mode；Bi-motor is worked simultaneously, torque coupling, middling speed high pulling torque operating mode；Bi-motor is worked simultaneously, rotating speed coupling, at a high speed
Operating mode.
Consider four kinds of mode of operations and automobile running working condition of double-motor power system, whole speed per hour scope is divided into into 3
It is interval.Wherein, 0-35km/h is that low speed is interval, motor M1Work independently；During 35-70km/h is middling speed, motor M2Work independently
Or torque coupling work；70-120km/h is interval at a high speed, motor M1With motor M2Rotating speed coupling operational.United according to NEDC operating modes
Meter information obtains the low speed interval power of motor maximum in 0-35km/h, and the value is defined as motor M1Rated power, reallocation
Go out motor M1Peak power and motor M2Rated power and peak power.Consider the characteristics of motor high speed efficiency is relatively low, choosing
Permagnetic synchronous motor maximum speed is taken, while taking into account electric automobile has preferable grade climbing performance, the rated speed of motor is chosen.
(2) Train Parameters matching
Traditional electric automobile single motor single level step-down ratio i will meet：
Wherein, vmaxFor F-Zero, nmaxFor motor maximum speed, r is radius of wheel, TmaxMaximum output for motor is turned round
Square, ImaxFor electric automobile max. climb slope.
From planetary gears characteristic, its max. climb slope is by motor M1Determine when working independently.Meanwhile, to make electronic vapour
Car has higher energy efficiency, and gear ratio matching need to meet following condition：
A () is as motor M1Be operated alone and when speed per hour is 35km/h, motor be as far as possible operated in rotating speed 4500r/min within (efficiency phase
To higher).
B () is as motor M2Be operated alone or bi-motor torque coupling drive and speed per hour cover 35-70km/h when, to make motor work
In high efficiency range, then motor operating rotational speed range is distributed 2000-4500r/min as far as possible.
3. the pure electric automobile double-motor power systematic parameter Method of Optimal Matching towards energy consumption according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In step 2, with hundred kilometers of acceleration time and specific energy consumption as target, power of motor, rotating speed, gear ratio are optimization
Variable, dynamic property are that the double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model of constraint is：
In formula, atFor hundred kilometers of acceleration time of double-motor power system, and meet formula：
Wherein, v1Represent motor M1Speed when driving driving force equal with torque coupling, v is operated alone2Represent that torque coupling is driven
The dynamic max. speed for reaching,Represent motor M1The maximum driving force being transformed into when changing with speed on wheel,Represent torque coupling
The upper maximum driving force of wheel is closed,Represent maximum driving force in rotating speed coupling hour wheel.
LCRepresent the mileage of operating mode NEDC, ECThe energy consumption of complete operating mode NEDC is represented, wherein,
η (t) for motor t efficiency, v (t) for automobile t speed per hour, unit km/h, F represent automobile in operating mode
Driving force corresponding to moment t, for whole operating mode, resistance suffered by automobile includes rolling resistance of wheel, air resistance of automobile
And acceleration resistance.
4. the pure electric automobile double-motor power systematic parameter Method of Optimal Matching towards energy consumption according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In step 2, torque of the bi-motor torque rotary speed coupling mechanism under different working modes, rotating speed, power distribution
Process is：
Two motor torques need to be allocated in torque coupling mode of operation, i.e., according to motor principle of similarity to bi-motor torque
CGCM carries out power proportional allocations, it is ensured that two electric efficiencies are more approximate and higher.Under torque coupling drive pattern,
Motor rotating speed is consistent, so when torque distribution meet：
In motor rotating speed coupling process, two motor speeds need to be allocated according to work information.By to bi-motor
Rotating speed Coupling Characteristics understand that torque is larger on gear ring, is allocated according to power equal proportion, will cause motor M1Rotating speed
More than restriction.Therefore, it is allocated based on the maximum (top) speed under operation torque herein, the maximization of two electric efficiencies, tool can be met
Body distribution principle is as follows：
T in formulaiMotor operation torque is represented, can be by wheel demand torque calculation, v is automobile speed per hour, and k is rotating speed proportionality coefficient.
When the maximum speed under operation torque exceedes motor maximum speed, 6000r/min is designated as.Therefore the distribution of two motor speeds meets
n1=knmax1i
n2=knmax2i。
5. the pure electric automobile double-motor power systematic parameter Method of Optimal Matching towards energy consumption according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：In step 3, double-motor power systematic parameter Optimized model is solved using the particle group optimizing based on interior extrapolation method
Algorithm.
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