The content of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of device and method of control steering wheel, energy
Enough realize fast response time, concussion and the less control of overshoot.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, one aspect of the present invention is:A kind of control is provided
The method of steering wheel processed, the method includes:Real output value and default fiducial value are obtained, and is calculated
The difference gone out between real output value and fiducial value;Selected according to the size of difference PID control or
Person's PD control, wherein PID control are to carry out difference to obtain after ratio, integration and differential calculation
Controlled quentity controlled variable be controlled, PD control is that difference is carried out into the control that obtains after ratio and differential calculation
Amount processed is controlled.
Wherein, method also includes:A default difference threshold.
Wherein, the step of according to the size of difference to select PID control or PD control, is further
Including:Judge difference whether less than or equal to difference threshold;If the result for judging is yes, carry out
PID control;If the result for judging is no, PD control is carried out.
Wherein, the formula of PID control and PD control is as follows:
Wherein, error (k) be difference, kpFor rate mu-factor, kiFor time of integration coefficient, kdFor
Derivative time coefficient, T is the sampling time, and β is the open loop coefficient of integration, and the value of β is:
λ is difference threshold, when β is 1, using PID control, when β is 0, using PD
Control.
Wherein, real output value is actual output current value, reality output velocity amplitude and reality output
Positional value.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, another technical solution used in the present invention is:There is provided a kind of
The device of control steering wheel, the device includes:Difference calculating module, for obtain real output value and
Default fiducial value, and calculate the difference between real output value and fiducial value;Selecting module,
For selecting PID control or PD control according to the size of difference, wherein PID control be by
The controlled quentity controlled variable that difference carries out being obtained after ratio, integration and differential calculation is controlled, and PD control is
The controlled quentity controlled variable that difference carries out being obtained after ratio and differential calculation is controlled.
Wherein, device also includes:Presetting module, for presetting a difference threshold.
Wherein, selecting module is further included:Judging unit, for judge difference whether be less than or
Equal to difference threshold;Control unit, during for the result that judges in judging unit to be, carries out PID
Control, the result that judging unit judges as it is no when, carry out PD control.
Wherein, the formula of PID control and PD control is as follows:
Wherein, error (k) be difference, kpFor rate mu-factor, kiFor time of integration coefficient, kdFor
Derivative time coefficient, T is the sampling time, and β is the open loop coefficient of integration, and the value of β is:
λ is difference threshold, when β is 1, using PID control, when β is 0, using PD
Control.
Wherein, real output value is actual output current value, reality output velocity amplitude and reality output
Positional value.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:The situation of prior art is different from, the present invention provides a kind of control
The method of steering wheel processed, specially:Real output value and default fiducial value are obtained first, and are calculated
The difference gone out between real output value and fiducial value, then according to the size of difference selecting PID to control
System or PD control, wherein PID control are difference to be carried out after ratio, integration and differential calculation
The controlled quentity controlled variable for obtaining is controlled, and PD control is to carry out difference to obtain after ratio and differential calculation
Controlled quentity controlled variable be controlled.Therefore, the present invention can be according between real output value and fiducial value
The size of difference selecting different control modes, so as to realize fast response time, concussion and overshoot
Measure less control.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is referred to, Fig. 1 is a kind of stream of the method for control steering wheel provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Cheng Tu.As shown in figure 1, the method for the present invention is comprised the following steps:
Step S1:Obtain real output value and default fiducial value, and calculate real output value and
Difference between fiducial value.
Step S2:PID (Proportional Integration are selected according to the size of difference
Differential, Nonlinear PI differential) control or PD (Proportional Differential,
Proportion differential) control, wherein PID control is difference to be carried out after ratio, integration and differential calculation
The controlled quentity controlled variable for obtaining is controlled, and PD control is to carry out difference to obtain after ratio and differential calculation
Controlled quentity controlled variable be controlled.
Wherein, the present embodiment can also preset a difference threshold.
This step is specially and whether first determines whether difference less than or equal to difference threshold, if the knot for judging
Fruit is yes, then carry out PID control, if the result for judging is no, carries out PD control.
Wherein, the formula of PID control and PD control is as follows:
Wherein, error (k) be difference, kpFor rate mu-factor, kiFor time of integration coefficient, kdFor
Derivative time coefficient, T is the sampling time, and β is the open loop coefficient of integration, and the value of β is:
Wherein, λ is difference threshold, and when difference error (k) is less than or equal to difference threshold λ, β is
1, using PID control, it is ensured that the control accuracy of system;When difference error (k) is more than difference threshold λ
When, β is 0, using PD control, can avoid producing excessive overshoot, again has control device
Response speed faster.
From the above, the present embodiment adopts selection PID control or PD according to the size of difference
Control, when real output value is larger with default fiducial value deviation, cancels integral action, adopts
PD control, prevents because integral action reduces control device stability, overshoot increase;When
When real output value is be close to default fiducial value, integral algorithm is introduced, eliminated using PID control
Static difference, improves control accuracy.
The method of the present embodiment is mainly used in current loop control, speed ring control and position ring control
In system.In the present embodiment, real output value be actual output current value, reality output velocity amplitude and
Reality output positional value.
Specifically, current loop control is introduced first.Electric current loop refers to current feedback system, and one
As refer to for actual output current to access processing links using positive feedback or degenerative mode
Method, the mainly performance by improving the stability of electric current to improve control device.
The control of the electric current loop of the present embodiment employs the detached method of integration, and it is to traditional PI D
A kind of improvement of control method, its core concept be proportionality coefficient P arrange it is slightly larger,
Integral parameter I arranges smaller so as to both maintained the effect of integration, while and reducing letter
Number overshoot, the response time of accelerator, make electric current undulatory property control in certain scope
Within, the performance for making whole control device is greatly improved.And the wherein reality of electric current loop
What output valve was determined by der Geschwindigkeitkreis value, change with the mechanical periodicity of der Geschwindigkeitkreis, its trackability becomes
Change also greatly, therefore in the design the main factor for considering is the quick trace performance of electric current.
Make Ierror=Iref-Ifbk, wherein, IrefThe current value of the reference to give, i.e. fiducial value,
IfbkFor the actual output current value after current sample, IerrorFor IfbkAnd IrefDifference.By difference
|Ierror| with difference threshold IλRelatively:
(1) as | Ierror|≤IλWhen, that is, deviation ratio it is less when, using PID control, can
To improve the control accuracy of control device.
(2) as | Ierror| > IλWhen, that is, deviation it is larger when, using PD control, can
To ensure the response speed of control device control and reduce the overshoot of control.
Described above is the control method of electric current loop, the control method of speed ring described below:
Speed ring mainly completes the speed governing of the motor of steering wheel and tests the speed, and speed ring is with the change of voltage
Change and change, in order to ensure the quick response of motor, to being loaded with preferable anti-interference, because
The control of the speed ring of this present embodiment equally adopts and detached method is integrated as electric current loop.Tool
Such as above the control of electric current loop is identical for body control principle, will not be described here.The ginseng of speed ring control
Number comes from two parameters, one be position ring reality output, another comes from rotation and compiles
The input of code device rate signal.
The control method of position ring introduced below:
Used as continuously tracing method, positional servosystem is not intended to position and overshoot and vibration occurs, with
Exempt from position control accuracy decline.Therefore, positioner adoption rate actuator.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of the control steering wheel for being applied to previously described method.Specifically
Fig. 2 is referred to, Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of structural representation of the device of control steering wheel
Figure.
As shown in Fig. 2 the device 10 of the control steering wheel of the present embodiment includes difference calculating module 11
With selecting module 12.
Wherein, difference calculating module 11 is used to obtain real output value and default fiducial value, and
Calculate the difference between real output value and fiducial value.
Selecting module 12 is used to select PID control or PD control according to the size of difference, its
Middle PID control is to be controlled the controlled quentity controlled variable that difference carries out being obtained after ratio, integration and differential calculation
System, PD control is to be controlled the controlled quentity controlled variable that difference carries out being obtained after ratio and differential calculation.
Further, the device 10 of the control steering wheel of the present embodiment also includes presetting module 13, uses
In a default difference threshold.
Further, selecting module 12 further includes judging unit 121 and control unit 122.
Wherein, whether judging unit 121 is used to judge difference less than or equal to difference threshold.Control unit
122 are used to, when the result that judging unit judges is to be, carry out PID control, sentence in judging unit
When disconnected result is no, PD control is carried out.
Wherein, the formula of PID control and PD control is as follows:
Wherein, error (k) be difference, kpFor rate mu-factor, kiFor time of integration coefficient, kdFor
Derivative time coefficient, T is the sampling time, and β is the open loop coefficient of integration, and the value of β is:
Wherein, λ is difference threshold, and when difference error (k) is less than or equal to difference threshold λ, β is
1, using PID control, it is ensured that the control accuracy of system;When difference error (k) is more than difference threshold λ
When, β is 0, using PD control, can avoid producing excessive overshoot, again has control device
Response speed faster.
The device of the present embodiment is mainly used in current loop control, speed ring control and position ring control
In system.In the present embodiment, real output value be actual output current value, reality output velocity amplitude and
Reality output positional value.Specifically control as it was noted above, will not be described here.
Wherein, electric current loop, speed ring and position ring are successively from outside to inside in structural order:Outer shroud
Position ring, medium ring speed ring, internal ring electric current loop.
In sum, the present invention is adopted according to the size of difference and selects PID control or PD controls
System, when real output value is larger with default fiducial value deviation, cancels integral action, using PD
Control, prevents because integral action reduces control device stability, overshoot increase;Work as reality
When output valve is be close to default fiducial value, integral algorithm is introduced, static difference is eliminated using PID control,
Improve control accuracy.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, the scope of the claims of the present invention is not thereby limited,
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that every utilization description of the invention and accompanying drawing content are made, or
Other related technical fields are directly or indirectly used in, the patent that the present invention is included in the same manner is protected
In the range of shield.