CN106597560B - A kind of neutron gamma density logging method characterized using fast neutron field distribution - Google Patents
A kind of neutron gamma density logging method characterized using fast neutron field distribution Download PDFInfo
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- G01V5/04—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of neutron gamma density logging methods characterized using fast neutron field distribution, it combines fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory to characterize inelastic scattering gamma field distribution first, is proposed the mathematical relationship of the parameters such as gamma field distribution and density, fast neutron scattering free path and inelastic scattering cross section；Then, it is based on inelastic scattering gamma field distribution, the method for having obtained calculating density using fast neutron scattering free path and double detector inelastic scattering gamma；It recycles the fast neutron measured counting to characterize fast neutron scattering free path, has obtained the new method for directly calculating density of earth formations using inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field.This method avoid hydrogen index corrections, and technical support and theoretical direction are provided for neutron gamma density logging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural petroleum gas field fields, and in particular to a kind of neutron gal characterized using fast neutron field distribution
Horse density log method.
Background technology
Neutron gamma Density Logging Technology uses D-T neutron sources, is acted on stratum element atomic nucleus by recording fast neutron
The inelastic scattering gamma ray of generation can realize " passive " measurement of density of earth formations, be measured with brill formation parameter realizing
It is of great significance with radiation hazradial bundle is reduced, is the hot issue of current nuclear logging development.
The physical process on gamma source distribution and gamma ray and stratum is sufficiently complex in neutron gamma density logging, with tradition
There are essential distinctions for density log.Currently, neutron gamma density logging mainly by detect inelastic scattering gamma ray into
Row density of earth formations measures, and result of calculation is affected by hydrogen index, it usually needs is contained using capture gamma or thermal neutron
Hydrogen index correction.
Invention content
For the hydrogen index Correction Problemss of existing neutron gamma density logging, the present invention propose it is a kind of utilize fast neutron
The neutron gamma density logging method of field distribution characterization, this method combination fast neutron scattering and gamma-ray decay theory characterize
Gamma field distribution and density, fast neutron scattering free path and inelastic scattering cross section etc. are released in inelastic scattering gamma field distribution
Parameter is related, has finally obtained the new method for directly characterizing density of earth formations using inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field, has avoided
Hydrogen index correction, for neutron gamma density logging provides technical support and theoretical direction.
The adopted technical solution is that：
A kind of neutron gamma density logging method characterized using fast neutron field distribution, is included the following steps：
(1) inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is characterized in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory, released non-resilient
It is related to density, fast neutron scattering free path and inelastic scattering cross section to scatter gamma field distribution；
(2) according to inelastic scattering gamma field distribution, inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron scattering free path are utilized
Characterize the computational methods of density；
(3) fast neutron scattering free path is characterized by measuring fast neutron flux, is utilized inelastic scattering gal
The method that horse and fast neutron field directly calculate density of earth formations.
In above-mentioned steps (1)：The inelastic scattering gamma point characterized in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory
Cloth is as follows
Wherein, S0For neutron source strength, λsFor fast neutron scattering free path, μmIt is inhaled for inelastic scattering gamma-ray mass
Coefficient is received, ρ is density of earth formations, and i is the gammaphoton number that a fast neutron occurs that inelastic collision is averagely discharged with atomic nucleus, R
For spherical surface detector radius, ΣinFor formation macro inelastic scattering cross section.
It is designed according to apparatus structure, gamma detector source is away from generally higher than 30cm, and region is to detection between source and detector
Device inelastic scattering Gama Count contribution up to 95% or more, inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is reduced to
By Lagrange mean value theorem, inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is transformed to
Wherein, a is proportionality coefficient, and value is to source away from related.
In above-mentioned steps (2)：Using inelastic scattering gamma field distribution formula (3), simple detector inelastic scattering gal is obtained
The method that horse determines density
Density of earth formations measurement is carried out using simple detector inelastic scattering gamma, needs to measure inelastic scattering cross section simultaneously
Σin, fast neutron scattering free path λsEtc. multiple parameters, be unfavorable for density of earth formations calculating.
According to simple detector density characterizing method, the combination of double detector information can be used to the sign method letter of stratum density meter
Change, it is specific as follows：
It is assumed that close, far detector source is away from respectively R1And R2, close, far detector inelastic scattering gamma determines the shape of density
Formula is as follows
Ln (i Σ are eliminated using close, far detector density expression formulainS0) item, it is close away from inelastic scattering gamma to obtain double source
Spend computational methods
Wherein, slope A is inelastic scattering Gama Count than logarithm ln (φin1/φin2) density response it is reciprocal；It cuts
Away from ρ0(λs) it is ln (φin1/φin2Corresponding density of earth formations value, related to fast neutron scattering free path when)=0.Work as detector-source
When away from fixing, density of earth formations measurement being carried out away from inelastic scattering gamma using double source, need to only be measured closely, far from elastic scattering gamma
It counts and fast neutron scattering free path.
In above-mentioned steps (3)：According to fast neutron scattering theory, inelastically scattered fast neutron flux φ occursfIn fast
Son scattering free path meets relationship
Wherein, R3For fast neutron detector source away from；
Fast neutron free path is characterized using fast neutron flux, is utilized inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field
The method for characterizing density of earth formations
When detectors source is away from fixing, formula (9) is represented by
ρ=A ln (φin1/φin2)+Blnφf+C (10)
Wherein, A, B and C are constants, only with detector-source away from R1、R2、R3With neutron source strength S0It is related.
In practical application, fast neutron free path and neutron source strength need not be measured, it can be non-resilient by establishing
Gama Count is scattered than logarithmic density curve intercept ρ0(λs) and fast neutron count relationship be done directly fast neutron scattering free path
Characterization
ρ0(λs)=Bln φf+C (11)。
The method have the benefit that：
Compared with prior art, present invention combination fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory characterize inelastic scattering gamma
Distribution releases the mathematical relationship of the parameters such as gamma field distribution and density, fast neutron scattering free path and non-ballistic scattering section, finally
The new method for having obtained directly being characterized density using inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field is avoided hydrogen index correction, is
Neutron gamma density logging provides technical support and theoretical direction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that inelastic scattering gamma field distribution derives model schematic in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the foundation of Monte-Carlo Numerical Simulation method with brill neutron gamma instrument-stratigraphic model.1. tool housing,
2.D-T neutron sources, 3. shields, 4. fast neutron detectors, 5. nearly gamma detectors, 6. remote gamma detectors, 7. saturated water stones
Limestone formation, 8. wellbore water, 9. drill collars, 10. mud flow-guiding channels.
Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the close, response relation far from elastic scattering Gama Count than logarithm and density under the conditions of different hydrogen indexs.
Fig. 5 is the response relation of fast neutron counting logarithm and density under the conditions of different hydrogen indexs.
Fig. 6 is the corresponding inelastic scattering Gama Count specific density curve intercept ρ of different hydrogen indexs0(λs) and fast neutron
Count the relationship of logarithm.
Fig. 7 is the neutron gamma density result of calculation characterized using fast neutron field distribution.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of neutron gamma density logging method characterized using fast neutron field distribution, this method combines
Fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory characterize inelastic scattering gamma field distribution, are utilized inelastic scattering gamma and fast
The method that neutron field directly characterizes density of earth formations avoids hydrogen index correction, includes the following steps successively：
(1) inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is characterized in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory, released non-resilient
It is related to scatter the parameters such as gamma field distribution and density, fast neutron scattering free path and inelastic scattering cross section.
Establish derivation model as shown in Figure 1；Neutron source is located at the center (O points) on the spherical stratum of infinite uniform,
To stratum uniform emission 14MeV fast neutrons；Using O as the centre of sphere, the spherical surface detector A that setting radius is R is recorded from the non-of stratum
Elastic scattering gamma ray；It is as follows that inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is characterized in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory
Wherein, S0For neutron source strength, λsFor fast neutron scattering free path (it is related to fast neutron field distribution, with hydrogeneous finger
Number changes), μmFor inelastic scattering gamma-ray mass absorption coefficient, ρ is density of earth formations, and i is a fast neutron and original
The gammaphoton number that inelastic collision averagely discharges, Σ occur for daughter nucleusinFor formation macro inelastic scattering cross section.It is used in following formula
Meaning represented by the same symbol is same as above.
It is designed according to apparatus structure, gamma detector source is away from generally higher than 30cm, and region is to detection between source and detector
Device inelastic scattering Gama Count contribution up to 95% or more, inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is reduced to
By Lagrange mean value theorem, inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is transformed to
Wherein, a is proportionality coefficient, and value is to source away from related.
(2) according to inelastic scattering gamma field distribution, inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron scattering free path are utilized
Characterize the computational methods of density.
Using inelastic scattering gamma field distribution formula (3), the shape that simple detector inelastic scattering gamma determines density is obtained
Formula
Density of earth formations measurement is carried out using simple detector inelastic scattering gamma, needs to measure inelastic scattering cross section simultaneously
Σin, fast neutron scattering free path λsEtc. multiple parameters, increase density difficulty in computation.
According to simple detector density characterizing method, the method that double detector combination can be used simplifies density computational methods, tool
Body is as follows：
It is assumed that close, far detector source is away from respectively R1And R2, close, far detector inelastic scattering gamma determines the shape of density
Formula is as follows
Ln (i Σ are eliminated using close, far detector density expression formulainS0) item, it is close away from inelastic scattering gamma to obtain double source
Spend computational methods
Wherein, slope A is inelastic scattering Gama Count than logarithm ln (φin1/φin2) density response it is reciprocal；It cuts
Away from ρ0(λs) it is ln (φin1/φin2Corresponding density of earth formations value, related to fast neutron scattering free path when)=0.Work as detector-source
When away from fixing, density of earth formations measurement being carried out away from inelastic scattering gamma using double source, need to only be measured closely, far from elastic scattering gamma
It counts and fast neutron scattering free path.
(3) fast neutron scattering free path is characterized by measuring fast neutron flux, is utilized inelastic scattering gamma and fast
The method of neutron field computation density of earth formations.
Since fast neutron scattering free path cannot directly be measured by instrument, need to carry out table to it using measurable parameter
Sign；According to fast neutron scattering theory, inelastically scattered fast neutron flux φ occursfMeet relationship with fast neutron scattering free path
Wherein, R3For fast neutron detector source away from.
Fast neutron free path is characterized using fast neutron flux, is utilized inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field
The method for characterizing density of earth formations
When detectors source is away from fixing, formula (9) is represented by
ρ=A ln (φin1/φin2)+Blnφf+C (10)
Wherein, A, B and C are constants, only with detector-source away from R1、R2、R3With neutron source strength S0It is related.
Above-mentioned computational methods can be used for the measurement of neutron gamma density.
The present invention characterizes inelastic scattering gamma field distribution in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory first, releases
The mathematical relationship of the parameters such as the field distribution of inelastic scattering gamma and density, fast neutron scattering free path and inelastic scattering cross section.
Then according to inelastic scattering gamma field distribution, inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron scattering free path characterization density are utilized
Computational methods.Finally, characterization fast neutron scattering free path is counted by measuring fast neutron, is utilized inelastic scattering gamma
The method that density of earth formations is directly determined with fast neutron.
The method of the present invention does not require fast neutron detector position, can be placed in any position of instrument.
With reference to specific example, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of neutron gamma density logging method using fast neutron field distribution characterization of the present invention is using 1 fast neutron
Detector and 2 gamma detector apparatus structure designs, as shown in Figure 2,3.Wherein, fast neutron detector is for recording energy
The fast neutron of 1MeV or more counts, and can be placed on instrument any position (in example source away from for 20cm)；Closely, remote gamma detector record
The not homologous inelastic scattering Gama Count away from place, source is away from respectively 30cm and 70cm.
Neutron gamma density logging method of the present invention specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, the inelastic scattering Gama Count that different location is recorded by close, remote gamma detector, establish difference and contain
Inelastic scattering gamma ray count under the conditions of hydrogen index (HI) is than the response relation with density, fast neutron free path；Physical relationship
It is as follows：
ρ=Aln (φ1/φ2)+ρ0(λs) (11)
Wherein, φ1And φ2The inelastic scattering Gama Count of respectively close, remote gamma detector record different location, ρ are
Density of earth formations.
It is more bent than logarithm and density response to the inelastic scattering Gama Count under the conditions of different hydrogen indexs using formula (11)
Line obtains inelastic scattering Gama Count than the slope A and intercept ρ with density curve as shown in figure 4, progress linear fit0
(λs).Wherein, the corresponding slope of curve A of different hydrogen indexs is approximately the same, intercept ρ0(λs) change with formation hydrogen index
Become, meets linear relationship with fast neutron scattering free path inverse.
Step 2 is counted using detector record fast neutron, establishes inelastic scattering Gama Count than logarithm and density curve
Intercept ρ0(λs) and the mathematical relationship that counts of fast neutron, count influence of the characterization scattering free path to density measure using fast neutron.
The response relation of fast neutron the counting logarithm and density under the conditions of different hydrogen indexs is recorded, as shown in Figure 5.It establishes
Inelastic scattering Gama Count is than logarithmic density curve intercept ρ0(λs) and fast neutron counting logarithm ln φfLinear relationship
ρ0(λs)=Bln φf+C (12)
Using formula (12), to the ρ under the conditions of different hydrogen indexs0(λs) and fast neutron counting logarithm ln φfCurve such as Fig. 6
It is shown, linear fit is carried out, ρ is obtained0(λs) and fast neutron counting logarithm ln φfSlope of a curve B and intercept C.
Step 3 counts the fast neutron scattering free path characterized during densitometer is calculated using the fast neutron of measurement, is utilized non-
The method that elastic scattering gamma and fast neutron directly characterize density.
ρ=Aln (φin1/φin2)+Blnφf+C (13)
Using above-mentioned specific embodiment, coefficient A, B and C, density calculation such as Fig. 7 institutes are obtained by linear fit
Show；The density of earth formations directly calculated by gamma and fast neutron matches with actual density, and result of calculation is no longer by hydrogen index
It influences.
Compared with prior art, present invention combination fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory characterize inelastic scattering gamma
Distribution releases the mathematical relationship of the parameters such as gamma field distribution and density, fast neutron scattering free path and non-ballistic scattering section, finally
The new method for having obtained directly being characterized density using inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field is avoided hydrogen index correction, is
Neutron gamma density logging provides technical support and theoretical direction.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of neutron gamma density logging method characterized using fast neutron field distribution, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is characterized in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory, releases inelastic scattering
Gamma field distribution is related to density, fast neutron scattering free path and inelastic scattering cross section；
(2) according to inelastic scattering gamma field distribution, inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron scattering free path characterization are utilized
The computational methods of density；
(3) fast neutron scattering free path is characterized by measuring fast neutron flux, is utilized inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron
The method of field computation density of earth formations；
In step (1)：It is as follows that inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is characterized in conjunction with fast neutron scattering and gamma attenuation theory
Wherein, S0For neutron source strength, λsFor fast neutron scattering free path, μmIt is absorbed for inelastic scattering gamma-ray mass and is
Number, ρ are density of earth formations, and i is the gammaphoton number that a fast neutron occurs that inelastic collision is averagely discharged with atomic nucleus, and r is empty
Between any point to neutron source distance, R be spherical surface detector radius, ΣinFor formation macro inelastic scattering cross section；
Inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is reduced to
By Lagrange mean value theorem, inelastic scattering gamma field distribution is transformed to
Wherein, a is proportionality coefficient, and value is to source away from related；
In step (2)：Using inelastic scattering gamma field distribution formula (3), obtain simple detector inelastic scattering gamma determine it is close
The form of degree
According to simple detector density characterizing method, density computational methods are simplified using the method for double detector combination, it is specific as follows：
It is assumed that close, far detector source is away from respectively R1And R2, close, far detector inelastic scattering gamma determines the form of density such as
Under
Wherein, ρCloselyAnd ρFarThe density that respectively close, far detector inelastic scattering gamma determines, φin1And φin2Respectively close,
The inelastic scattering gamma flux of far detector, a1And a2Respectively detector-source is away from R1And R2When corresponding proportionality coefficient；
Ln (i Σ are eliminated using close, far detector density expression formulainS0) item, double source is obtained away from inelastic scattering gamma density meter
Calculation method
Wherein, ρIt is doubleIt is double source away from inelastic scattering gamma density, slope A is inelastic scattering Gama Count than logarithm ln (φin1/
φin2) density response it is reciprocal；Intercept ρ0(λs) it is ln (φin1/φin2Corresponding density of earth formations value when)=0, with fast neutron
It is related to scatter free path；
In step (3)：According to fast neutron scattering theory, inelastically scattered fast neutron flux φ occursfWith fast neutron scattering freedom
Journey meets relationship
Wherein, R3For fast neutron detector source away from；
Fast neutron free path is characterized using fast neutron flux, is utilized inelastic scattering gamma and fast neutron field characterization
The method of density of earth formations
When detectors source is away from fixing, formula (9) is represented by
ρ=Aln (φin1/φin2)+Blnφf+C (10)
Wherein, A, B and C are constants, only with detector-source away from R1、R2、R3With neutron source strength S0It is related.
2. a kind of neutron gamma density logging method characterized using fast neutron field distribution according to claim 1, special
Sign is：By establishing inelastic scattering Gama Count than logarithmic density curve intercept ρ0(λs) and fast neutron count relationship it is straight
Connect the characterization for completing fast neutron scattering free path
ρ0(λs)=Bln φf+C (11)；
Wherein, B and C is constant, identical as constant is provided in formula (10)；λsFor fast neutron scattering free path, ρ0(λs) it is non-resilient
Gama Count is scattered than the intercept of logarithmic density curve, φfFor inelastically scattered fast neutron flux occurs.
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| CN107288629B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2020-07-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Neutron-gamma density logging method based on novel n-gamma double-particle detector |
| CN110469324B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-11-01 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method for calculating stratum density based on pulse neutron logging |
| CN111638559B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-12-13 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Fast neutron scattering cross section characterization method based on pulse neutron logging |
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