CN106597097A - High-precision frequency measurement method - Google Patents
High-precision frequency measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106597097A CN106597097A CN201611231836.8A CN201611231836A CN106597097A CN 106597097 A CN106597097 A CN 106597097A CN 201611231836 A CN201611231836 A CN 201611231836A CN 106597097 A CN106597097 A CN 106597097A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
- G01R23/10—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into a train of pulses, which are then counted, i.e. converting the signal into a square wave
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency measurement method comprising the following steps: outputting a gate pulse with known gate time; acquiring the number of complete pulses of a signal under test within the gate time; using a high-frequency pulse to acquire a front phase difference proportion and a back phase difference proportion, wherein the front phase difference proportion is the proportion of the phase difference between the start of the gate pulse and the signal under test in one period phase of the signal under test, and the back phase difference proportion is the proportion of the phase difference between the end of the gate pulse and the signal under test in one period phase of the signal under test; and calculating the frequency of the signal under test according to the number of complete pulses, the front phase difference proportion and the back phase difference proportion. Through the frequency measurement method, +/-1 measurement error in the process of measurement can be eliminated, and high-precision real-time continuous measurement of the frequencies of signals under test can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of frequency measurement, more particularly to a kind of High Precision Frequency method.
Background technology
With the development of electronic information technology, the effect of the measurement of signal frequency in Technological research with commercial Application is increasingly
It is important, and require that measurable signal frequency range width is increasing, precision more and more higher.
Frequency measurement method main at present mainly has M methods, T methods, M/T methods.M methods are by measuring in the fixed gate time
The umber of pulse of measured signal calculates measured signal, and certainty of measurement was affected by gate time and measured signal.T methods are by measuring quilt
The number for surveying signal a cycle internal standard pulse calculates measured signal, and certainty of measurement receives measured signal cycle and calibration pulse essence
Degree affects.M/T methods are to calculate measured signal by measuring the number of the calibration pulse in multiple measured signal cycles.More above-mentioned two
The method of kind improves certainty of measurement and takes into account high and low frequency measurement, but, it is pulse period integer to be measured when gate time
Times when this error it is maximum, this is ± 1 word error.These three methods all do not solve the problems, such as ± 1 measurement error.
Subsequently frequency measurement method occurs in that equal precision measurement method and vernier method, although can eliminate ± 1 in theory
Error problem, but this kind of method is by detecting the coincidence of rising edge of a pulse carrying out, more using signal in the devices
Transmission delay realizes that building difficulty in circuit and stability being poor, practical application effect is not good.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of good stability, the high frequency measurement method of certainty of measurement.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of frequency measurement method, methods described includes：
Gate pulse known to output gate time；
Obtain the number of the complete pulse of measured signal in the gate time；
Front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio are obtained using high-frequency impulse；The front phase contrast ratio is the gate
Pulse start before account for the phase contrast between the measured signal measured signal a cycle phase place ratio, it is described after
Phase contrast ratio is account for the measured signal before the gate pulse terminates with the phase contrast between the measured signal one
The ratio of periodic phase；
Number, the front phase contrast ratio and the rear phase contrast ratio according to the complete pulse, calculate described in treat
Survey the frequency of signal.
Optionally, the utilization high-frequency impulse obtains front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio, specifically includes：
The number of the high-frequency impulse in the signal period of the measured signal is obtained, recurrent pulse number is designated as；
According to the recurrent pulse number and the frequency of the high-frequency impulse, the cycle time of the measured signal is obtained；
Obtain prepulse number and afterpulse number；The prepulse number is to start front immediate institute positioned at the gate pulse
The number of the high-frequency impulse between measured signal starting end and the gate pulse starting end is stated, the afterpulse number is position
Described between the gate pulse terminates the front immediate measured signal starting end and the gate pulse terminates to hold
The number of high-frequency impulse；
According to the frequency of the prepulse number, the afterpulse number and the high-frequency impulse, calculate pre-pulse time difference and
Afterpulse time difference；
According to the pre-pulse time is poor, the afterpulse time difference and cycle time, calculate the front phase contrast ratio
With the rear phase contrast ratio.
Optionally, the computing formula of the pre-pulse time difference is：Wherein, nx1For prepulse number, f0For height
The frequency of frequency pulse；The computing formula of the afterpulse time difference is：Wherein, nx2For afterpulse number.
Optionally, the computing formula of the front phase contrast ratio is：The rear phase contrast ratio
Wherein, TcFor cycle time.
Optionally, the computing formula of the frequency of the measured signal is：Wherein, n is whole arteries and veins
Rush number, nyFor recurrent pulse number, TgFor gate time.
Optionally, the gate pulse is obtained by dividing to clock source signals.
Optionally, the high-frequency impulse is obtained by carrying out phase locking frequency multiplying to clock source signals.
Present invention also offers a kind of frequency measuring system, including：
Clock source, for providing the clock source signals of stable working frequency；
Phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit, is connected with the clock source, for the clock source signals frequency multiplication is exported high-frequency impulse；
Frequency dividing circuit, is connected with the clock source, for the clock source signals to be divided the gate of output controllable period
Pulse；
Pulse-scaling circuit, is connected with the frequency dividing circuit, and accesses the measured signal, for obtaining the gate
The number of the complete pulse of measured signal in time；
Pulse width measurement circuit, is connected with the phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit and the frequency dividing circuit respectively, and accesses institute
Measured signal is stated, for obtaining the number of the high-frequency impulse in the signal period of the measured signal, recurrent pulse number is designated as；
And according to the recurrent pulse number and the frequency of the high-frequency impulse, obtain the cycle time of the measured signal；
Phase contrast proportion measurement circuit, is connected with the phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit, and accesses the measured signal, for profit
Front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio are obtained with high-frequency impulse；
Storage computing circuit, for data storage information and the frequency of calculating measured signal.
Optionally, the pulse-scaling circuit includes the first enumerator, for counting measured signal in the gate time
Complete pulse number；The pulse width measurement circuit includes the second enumerator, for obtaining the list of the measured signal
The number of the high-frequency impulse in the individual cycle；The phase contrast proportion measurement circuit includes the 3rd enumerator, for obtaining front arteries and veins
Number and afterpulse number are rushed, the prepulse number is to start the front immediate measured signal starting end positioned at the gate pulse
With the number of the high-frequency impulse between the gate pulse starting end, the afterpulse number is to tie positioned at the gate pulse
The number of the high-frequency impulse between the immediate measured signal starting end and the gate pulse terminate to hold before beam.
According to the specific embodiment that the present invention is provided, the invention discloses following technique effect：Nominal frequencies measuring method
In, the time relationship between gate pulse start-up time and count pulse be it is incoherent, so gate pulse start-up time with
Count pulse rising edge time relative position on a timeline is random, so within the identical gate time, record
Umber of pulse is not necessarily identical.When gate time being pulse period integral multiple to be measured, this error is maximum, and this is ± 1 word error.
The frequency measurement method that the present invention is provided is to be carried out with the phase contrast of gate pulse using stable high-frequency impulse to measured signal
Step-by-step counting.The phase contrast between measured signal and gate pulse is considered, and the phase contrast is counted in calculating process, eliminated
± 1 error.Compared with existing method, the present invention has high precision, good stability, high reliability.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing that needs are used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some enforcements of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
The flow chart of the frequency measurement method that Fig. 1 is provided for the present invention；
The structural representation of the frequency measuring system that Fig. 2 is provided for the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sequential chart measured using the frequency measuring system and method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of good stability, the high frequency measurement method of certainty of measurement, were measured with eliminating
± 1 measurement error in journey, realizes the high accuracy real-time continuous measurement of the frequency of measured signal.
It is understandable to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from, it is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and concrete real
The present invention is further detailed explanation to apply mode.
As shown in figs. 1 and 3, this frequency measurement method includes：
Step 101：Output gate time TgKnown gate pulse；Wherein, the gate pulse can be by clock
Source signal is divided and is obtained；
Step 102：Obtain number n of the complete pulse of measured signal in gate time；
Step 103：Using frequency f0Known high-frequency impulse obtains front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio；Front phase place
Difference ratio starts the ratio that the front phase contrast and measured signal between accounts for a cycle phase place of measured signal for gate pulse, after
Phase contrast ratio terminates the ratio that the front phase contrast between measured signal accounts for a cycle phase place of measured signal for gate pulse
Example；Wherein, the high-frequency impulse is obtained by carrying out phase locking frequency multiplying to clock source signals；
Step 104：Number, front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio according to complete pulse, calculates measured signal
Frequency.
In the above-described embodiment, step 103：Front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio are obtained using high-frequency impulse
Concrete steps include：
The number of high-frequency impulse in the signal period of measured signal is obtained, recurrent pulse number n is designated asy；
According to recurrent pulse number and the frequency of high-frequency impulse, T cycle time of measured signal is obtainedc；
Obtain prepulse number nx1With afterpulse number nx2；Prepulse number be start positioned at gate pulse it is front immediate to be measured
The number of the high-frequency impulse between signal starting end and gate pulse starting end, afterpulse number be positioned at gate pulse terminate before most
Close measured signal starting end and gate pulse terminate the number of the high-frequency impulse between end；
According to the frequency of prepulse number, afterpulse number and high-frequency impulse, pre-pulse time difference and afterpulse time difference are calculated；
Pre-pulse time difference computing formula be：Wherein, nx1For prepulse number, f0For the frequency of high-frequency impulse；Afterpulse
The computing formula of time difference is：Wherein, nx2For afterpulse number.
According to pre-pulse time is poor, afterpulse time difference and cycle time, calculate front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio
Example；The computing formula of front phase contrast ratio is：Phase contrast ratio afterwardsWherein, TcFor cycle time.
Can be obtained by accompanying drawing 3, in gate time, the pulse sum of measured signal is n+1-px1+px2, therefore, the measured signal
The computing formula of frequency be：Wherein, n be whole pulse number, nyFor recurrent pulse number, TgFor gate
Time.
In conventional frequency measuring method, the time relationship between gate opening moment and count pulse is incoherent, so lock
Door start-up time and count pulse rising edge time relative position on a timeline are random, so in identical gate
In, the umber of pulse of record is not necessarily identical.When gate time being pulse period integral multiple to be measured, this error is maximum, and this is
± 1 word error.The present invention considers the phase contrast between measured signal and gate pulse, and using high-frequency impulse in gate pulse
Step-by-step counting is carried out between measured signal, so as to try to achieve the ratio of the periodic phase of measured signal shared by phase contrast, is being calculated
During count the phase contrast ratio, so as to eliminate ± 1 word error, dramatically improve the error of frequency measurement.
In the measuring method of the present invention, gate pulse rising edge is both the end signal of last measurement each time, and
It is the commencing signal for measuring next time, therefore the inventive method measurement data is continuous, data output interval is controllable.Compare
Traditional equal precision measurement method, present method solves data output is spaced uncontrollable problem, improves the stability of measurement.
The interpolation calculation between gate pulse and measured signal is carried out using high-frequency impulse in the present invention, can be in FPGA etc.
Transplanting is realized in chip, without complicated analog circuit as auxiliary, therefore the method is easily achieved.
It is corresponding with said frequencies measuring method, present invention also offers a kind of frequency measuring system, as shown in Fig. 2 should
System includes：
Clock source 201, for providing the clock source signals of stable working frequency；Wherein, the clock source can be from high steady
The constant-temperature crystal oscillator of fixed degree, to provide the pulse signal of fixed frequency；
Phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit 202, is connected with clock source 201, for clock source signals frequency multiplication is exported high-frequency impulse；The lock
The input of phase frequency multiplier circuit is clock source, is output as the high-frequency impulse after frequency multiplication, is phase difference measuring circuit, pulse width measuring
Circuit provides clock signal；
Frequency dividing circuit 203, is connected with clock source 201, for clock source signals to be divided the gate arteries and veins of output controllable period
Punching；
Pulse-scaling circuit 204, is connected with frequency dividing circuit 203, and accesses measured signal, for obtaining in gate time
The number of the complete pulse of measured signal；
Pulse width measurement circuit 205, is connected with phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit 202 and frequency dividing circuit 203 respectively, and access is treated
Signal is surveyed, for obtaining the number of high-frequency impulse in the signal period of measured signal, recurrent pulse number is designated as；And according to cycle arteries and veins
The frequency of number and high-frequency impulse is rushed, the cycle time of measured signal is obtained；
Phase contrast proportion measurement circuit 206, is connected with phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit 202, and accesses measured signal, for utilizing
High-frequency impulse obtains front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio；
Storage computing circuit 207, for data storage information and the frequency of calculating measured signal, can also show measurement knot
Really.
Used as a kind of optional embodiment, pulse-scaling circuit 204 includes the first enumerator, for counting gate time
The number of the complete pulse of interior measured signal；Pulse width measurement circuit 205 includes the second enumerator, for obtaining measured signal
Signal period in high-frequency impulse number；Phase contrast proportion measurement circuit 206 includes the 3rd enumerator, for obtaining prepulse
Number and afterpulse number, prepulse number is to start front immediate measured signal starting end positioned at gate pulse to start with gate pulse
The number of the high-frequency impulse between end, afterpulse number are to terminate front immediate measured signal starting end and lock positioned at gate pulse
Gate pulse terminates the number of the high-frequency impulse between end.
Such as Fig. 3 is the sequential chart measured using the frequency measuring system and method for the present invention.As shown in figure 3, each
Gate pulse indicates the beginning of one-shot measurement, while also indicating the end of last measurement.Within each gate time, need
Complete three measurements, respectively measured signal step-by-step counting, pulse width measuring, phase contrast proportion measurement.
Measured signal step-by-step counting：After gate pulse arrives, unbalanced pulse counting circuit, the in pulse-scaling circuit
The input of one enumerator is measured signal pulse, the count value of the first enumerator is carried out storing and clear at the end of gate time
Zero, while open count next time.
Pulse width measuring：Second enumerator of measured signal rising edge unbalanced pulse width measure circuit, second counts
High-frequency impulse of the device input for phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit output, counting when measured signal rising edge is arrived again to the second enumerator
Value is stored and is reset, while open count next time.
Phase contrast proportion measurement：The 3rd enumerator in measured signal rising edge open phase difference proportion measurement circuit, the
High-frequency impulse of the three enumerators input for phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit output, meter when gate pulse rising edge arrives to the 3rd enumerator
Numerical value is stored and is reset.
Pulse-scaling circuit can obtain the number of the complete pulse of measured signal in gate time, be designated as n.Gate time opens
Before beginning, between measured signal and gate pulse, the high-frequency impulse interpolation of pulse phase difference is designated as nx1, gate time terminates front letter to be measured
The high-frequency impulse interpolation of pulse phase difference is designated as n number and gate pulse betweenx2, the pulse width survey of the signal period of measured signal
Value (number of high-frequency impulse in signal period) is designated as ny, it is known that gate time be Tg, then measured signal frequency f：
The high-precision measurement of measured signal frequency is realized so as to pass through above measurement process.
In this specification, each embodiment is described by the way of progressive, and what each embodiment was stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.For system disclosed in embodiment
For, as which corresponds to the method disclosed in Example, so description is fairly simple, related part is said referring to method part
It is bright.
Specific case used herein is set forth to the principle and embodiment of the present invention, and above example is said
It is bright to be only intended to help and understand the method for the present invention and its core concept；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, will change in specific embodiments and applications.In sum, this specification content is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of frequency measurement method, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Gate pulse known to output gate time；
Obtain the number of the complete pulse of measured signal in the gate time；
Front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio are obtained using high-frequency impulse；The front phase contrast ratio is the gate pulse
The ratio of a cycle phase place of the measured signal, the rear phase place are accounted for before starting with the phase contrast between the measured signal
Difference ratio is a cycle for accounting for the measured signal before the gate pulse terminates with the phase contrast between the measured signal
The ratio of phase place；
Number, the front phase contrast ratio and the rear phase contrast ratio according to the complete pulse, calculates the letter to be measured
Number frequency.
2. frequency measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the utilization high-frequency impulse obtain before phase contrast
Ratio and rear phase contrast ratio, specifically include：
The number of the high-frequency impulse in the signal period of the measured signal is obtained, recurrent pulse number is designated as；
According to the recurrent pulse number and the frequency of the high-frequency impulse, the cycle time of the measured signal is obtained；
Obtain prepulse number and afterpulse number；The prepulse number is to start front immediate described treat positioned at the gate pulse
The number of the high-frequency impulse surveyed between signal starting end and the gate pulse starting end, the afterpulse number is positioned at institute
State gate pulse and terminate the front immediate measured signal starting end and the high frequency between the gate pulse terminates to hold
The number of pulse；
According to the frequency of the prepulse number, the afterpulse number and the high-frequency impulse, the poor and rear arteries and veins of pre-pulse time is calculated
Rush time difference；
According to the pre-pulse time is poor, the afterpulse time difference and cycle time, calculate the front phase contrast ratio and institute
State rear phase contrast ratio.
3. frequency measurement method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the computing formula of the pre-pulse time difference
For：Wherein, nx1For prepulse number, f0For the frequency of high-frequency impulse；The computing formula of the afterpulse time difference is：Wherein, nx2For afterpulse number.
4. frequency measurement method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the computing formula of the front phase contrast ratio
For：The rear phase contrast ratioWherein, TcFor cycle time.
5. frequency measurement method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the computing formula of the frequency of the measured signal
For：Wherein, n be whole pulse number, nyFor recurrent pulse number, TgFor gate time.
6. frequency measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gate pulse is by believing to clock source
Number frequency dividing and obtain.
7. frequency measurement method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the high-frequency impulse is by believing to clock source
Number carry out phase locking frequency multiplying and obtain.
8. a kind of frequency measuring system, it is characterised in that the system includes：
Clock source, for providing the clock source signals of stable working frequency；
Phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit, is connected with the clock source, for the clock source signals frequency multiplication is exported high-frequency impulse；
Frequency dividing circuit, is connected with the clock source, for the clock source signals to be divided the gate pulse of output controllable period；
Pulse-scaling circuit, is connected with the frequency dividing circuit, and accesses the measured signal, for obtaining the gate time
The number of the complete pulse of interior measured signal；
Pulse width measurement circuit, is connected with the phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit and the frequency dividing circuit respectively, and is treated described in accessing
Signal is surveyed, for obtaining the number of the high-frequency impulse in the signal period of the measured signal, recurrent pulse number is designated as；And root
According to the recurrent pulse number and the frequency of the high-frequency impulse, the cycle time of the measured signal is obtained；
Phase contrast proportion measurement circuit, is connected with the phase-locking frequency multiplication circuit, and accesses the measured signal, for utilizing height
Frequency pulse obtains front phase contrast ratio and rear phase contrast ratio；
Storage computing circuit, for data storage information and the frequency of calculating measured signal.
9. frequency measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pulse-scaling circuit includes first and counts
Device, for counting the number of the complete pulse of measured signal in the gate time；The pulse width measurement circuit includes
Two enumerators, for obtaining the number of the high-frequency impulse in the signal period of the measured signal；The phase contrast ratio is surveyed
Amount circuit includes the 3rd enumerator, and for obtaining prepulse number and afterpulse number, the prepulse number is positioned at the gate arteries and veins
Wash the individual of the front high-frequency impulse between the immediate measured signal starting end and the gate pulse starting end that begin open
Number, the afterpulse number is to terminate the front immediate measured signal starting end and the gate arteries and veins positioned at the gate pulse
Punching terminates the number of the high-frequency impulse between end.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107543973A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-01-05 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of rectangular pulse signal parameter measurement instrument |
| CN110441597A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-11-12 | 武汉玉航科技有限公司 | A kind of instantaneous wideband High-accuracy frequency measurement system |
| CN110988468A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Frequency measurement device and method applied to inertial navigation system |
| CN110988467A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Frequency measurement system and frequency measurement method thereof |
| CN116908537A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-10-20 | 西安西电高压开关有限责任公司 | Current voltage frequency calculation circuit and method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107543973A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-01-05 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of rectangular pulse signal parameter measurement instrument |
| CN107543973B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏理工学院 | Rectangular pulse signal parameter measuring instrument |
| CN110441597A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-11-12 | 武汉玉航科技有限公司 | A kind of instantaneous wideband High-accuracy frequency measurement system |
| CN110988468A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Frequency measurement device and method applied to inertial navigation system |
| CN110988467A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Frequency measurement system and frequency measurement method thereof |
| CN110988468B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-01-11 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Frequency measurement device and method applied to inertial navigation system |
| CN110988467B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-01-11 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Frequency measurement system and frequency measurement method thereof |
| CN116908537A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-10-20 | 西安西电高压开关有限责任公司 | Current voltage frequency calculation circuit and method |
| CN116908537B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-12-19 | 西安西电高压开关有限责任公司 | Current voltage frequency calculation circuit and method |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |