CN106596179B - Working method of sliding film wire cutting type soft soil sampler - Google Patents
Working method of sliding film wire cutting type soft soil sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN106596179B CN106596179B CN201710068688.0A CN201710068688A CN106596179B CN 106596179 B CN106596179 B CN 106596179B CN 201710068688 A CN201710068688 A CN 201710068688A CN 106596179 B CN106596179 B CN 106596179B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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Abstract
The sliding film line cutting type soft soil sampler and the working method thereof are characterized in that a sampling tube is fixed below a rear seat; the lower end of the sampling tube is fixed with a tube boot; be equipped with the piston that is used for pushing out soil sample in this sampling tube, its characterized in that: the upper end of the pipe boot is provided with a pipe boot cavity, and a film, a clamping ring and a cutting ring are preset in the pipe boot cavity; the rear seat is provided with a rear seat cavity, and a vent valve and a steel wire winding and unwinding device are arranged in the rear seat cavity; four vent holes are symmetrically distributed in the tube wall of the sampling tube, and the vent holes are communicated with the rear seat cavity and the tube boot cavity; a steel wire is arranged in one vent hole, and the upper end of the steel wire is fixed on the steel wire winding and unwinding device; the connection part of the sampling tube and the tube shoe forms an inner seam on the inner wall; and two ends of the film are respectively connected with the cutting ring and the piston. The invention reduces the side friction resistance and the end resistance of sampling, reduces sampling disturbance, improves the sampling quality and the sampling rate, and is suitable for manual sampling and drilling sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical geological exploration and soil mechanics indoor model tests, in particular to a sliding film linear cutting type soft soil sampler aiming at a soft soil sampling technology. The invention also relates to a working method of the soil sampler.
Background
In geotechnical engineering field investigation and soil mechanics indoor model test, undisturbed soil samples are required to be obtained at different stages for indoor test so as to research relevant characteristics of foundation soil. Soft soil is a type of soil frequently faced in geotechnical engineering, and due to high water content, large pore ratio, high compressibility and low shear strength, and is mostly in a flow-plastic state, undisturbed soil samples are difficult to obtain. The soil sampling mode and the soil sampling equipment directly determine the disturbance degree and the soil sampling quality of a sample, and are a key ring of soil property test analysis.
When the soil sampler is used for soil sampling, the soil sampler device is pressed into the soil, then the soil sampler is pulled out, and the undisturbed soil entering the soil sampling pipe is taken out of the foundation. In the sampling process, the soil sample entering the soil sampling pipe is separated from the bottom soil in a pulling or twisting way; in the process of pulling out the soil sampler from the foundation, the vacuum suction force exists at the bottom to prevent the soil sampler from moving upwards, so that the soil sample at the bottom of the soil sampler is disturbed greatly and is easy to fall off. After soil sampling is finished, when a soil sample in the soil sampler is moved out for subsequent treatment, because the content of soft soil particles is high, the soft soil particles are usually attached to the inner wall of the soil sampler, the soil sample has larger secondary disturbance due to friction and viscosity between the soil sample and the inner wall no matter a mode of pushing out the soil sample by a piston or a mode of directly opening a soil sampling pipe is adopted, and the sampling rate is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of large disturbance, low sampling rate and the like in soft soil sampling, the invention provides a sliding film wire cutting type soft soil sampler device. The invention also provides a working method of the soil sampler.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sliding film line cutting type soft soil sampler is characterized in that a sampling tube is fixed below a rear seat; the lower end of the sampling tube is fixed with a tube boot; be equipped with the piston that is used for pushing out the soil sample in this sampling tube, its characterized in that: the upper end of the pipe boot is provided with a pipe boot cavity, and a film, a clamping ring and a cutting ring are preset in the pipe boot cavity; the rear seat is provided with a rear seat cavity, and a vent valve and a steel wire winding and unwinding device are arranged in the rear seat cavity; four vent holes are symmetrically distributed in the tube wall of the sampling tube and are communicated with the rear seat cavity and the tube shoe cavity; a steel wire is arranged in one of the vent holes, and the upper end of the steel wire is fixed on the steel wire winding and unwinding device; the connection part of the sampling tube and the tube shoe forms an inner seam on the inner wall; and two ends of the film are respectively connected with the cutting ring and the piston.
In other words, the sliding film line cutting type soft soil sampler comprises a pipe shoe, a sampling pipe, a rear seat and a piston, wherein four vent holes are symmetrically distributed on the sampling pipe, and the head end and the tail end of the sampling pipe are respectively connected with the pipe shoe and the rear seat; before soil is taken, a film, a cutting ring and a clamping ring are preset in a pipe boot cavity at the rear end of a pipe boot. During sampling, the piston is pushed by the soil sample and takes the film out of the pipe shoe cavity, and the cutting ring is just taken out of the pipe shoe cavity after the piston handle reaches the limiting bolt; the steel wire is tightened by using the steel wire retractor, and the soil sample is cut off after the cutting ring shrinks to disappear, so that the separation from the subsoil is realized; when the soil extractor is lifted up, the vent valve is opened to eliminate the vacuum resistance at the cutting section; when the piston is used for pushing the soil sample out of the sampling tube, the film can reduce disturbance caused by friction between the soil sample and the inner wall of the sampling tube.
The invention has the following optimization scheme:
a one-way vent valve is arranged on a piston handle of the piston;
a guide rod is fixed at the upper end of a piston handle of the piston; the upper end of the guide rod is provided with two outward bulges, and the two bulges correspond to the limiting bolt on the rear seat; the limiting bolt and the upper end of the guide rod are arranged in a protruding mode, so that after the piston reaches the soil taking limit, the piston handle is just restrained by the limiting bolt and is fixed relative to the soil taking device main body.
The film is cylindric, for the ductility is less, the higher flexible material of intensity, arranges the pipe boot cavity in after folding, and be connected with the piston after the inseam of pipe boot and sampling tube junction is worn out to one end, and the other end is connected with the cutting ring, and the film can be kept apart soil sample and sampling tube inner wall in the sampling process. Before sampling, lubricating silicone grease is coated on the inner wall of the sampling tube to reduce friction between the film and the inner wall, the film and the soil are relatively immobile when the soil sampler is pressed into the soil, the film slides relative to the inner wall of the soil sampler, after the piston reaches the soil sampling extreme position, the piston handle is just restrained by the limiting bolt and is fixed relative to the soil sampler main body, the film and the soil sampler do not slide relative to each other, and better clamping force exists between the film and the soil sample.
The cutting ring is a closed ring formed by the end part of a steel wire penetrating through the clamping ring; the steel wire is a high-strength and high-toughness metal wire, the diameter of the steel wire is 0.3mm to 0.8mm, and the steel wire penetrates through one vent hole in the sampling pipe and is connected with the cutting ring; the snap ring is in a hollow spherical shape, and after the pipe boot is connected with the sampling pipe, the snap ring is limited to the movement inside the pipe boot cavity, but cannot pass through the inner seam and the air vent all the time.
The piston can collect air on the soil facing surface and discharge the air through the one-way vent valve on the guide rod, and the one-way vent valve allows the air between the piston and the soil sample to be discharged without reversely feeding air.
The steel wire deploying and retracting device achieves a wire collecting function in the cavity of the rear seat, controls the deploying and retracting of the steel wire, controls the steel wire deploying and retracting device through the universal flexible shaft, uses the air pipe to connect the ventilation valve with the cavity of the rear seat, and can be connected with the drill rod and used for drilling holes at different depths to take earth. The device is suitable for manual sampling and drilling sampling at the same time.
The length of the sampling pipe ranges from 300mm to 500mm, the inner diameter ranges from 80mm to 120mm, the thickness of the main body ranges from 2.0mm to 5.0mm, and the inner diameter of the vent hole ranges from 1.5mm to 2.5mm; the length of the pipe boot is 100mm to 200mm, and the cutting edge is less than 10 degrees.
The technical solution for accomplishing the second invention task of the present application is a working method of the soil sampler, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coating lubricating silicone grease on the inner wall of the sampling tube to reduce friction between a film and the inner wall; connecting the back seat and the sampling tube in place;
adjusting the steel wire retractor to enable the steel wire penetrating through the vent hole to be in a proper length, enabling the bottom of the steel wire to penetrate through the clamping ring to form a cutting ring, and enabling the cutting ring to be placed in the pipe boot cavity after adjustment;
connecting the bottom of the cylindrical film with a cutting ring, folding the film, placing the folded film in a tube shoe cavity, and connecting the other end of the film with a piston through an inner seam;
connecting the pipe boot and the sampling pipe in place, and closing the vent valve;
fourthly, placing the soil sampler to a sampling point, and quickly, continuously and uniformly pressing the soil sampler into the soil by applying force through the rear seat; the pressing depth is the sum of the lengths of the tube shoe and the sampling tube;
fifthly, after the soil sample enters the pipe boot, the air in the space of the pipe boot is compressed, and the gas is discharged through the one-way vent valve on the guide rod;
enabling the soil sample to enter a cavity of the sampling tube to be in contact with the piston and move backwards, enabling a film with one end connected with the piston to be taken out of the tube boot cavity, separating the soil sample from the inner wall of the sampling tube until the piston handle moves to the position of the limiting bolt and is fixed;
the membrane is all taken out of the boot cavity, and the cutting ring at the end of the membrane is just taken out of the boot cavity;
controlling a steel wire winding and unwinding device by using a universal flexible shaft; the steel wire is tightened, and after the cutting ring shrinks to disappear, the soil sample is cut off to realize the separation from the subsoil;
the self-lifting type full-automatic soil cutting machine has the advantages that a self-lifting type full-automatic soil cutting machine is simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of achieving self-lifting, self-lifting and self-lifting effects are achieved, and the self-lifting type full-automatic soil cutting machine is simple in structure and convenient to use;
the soil sampler is slowly and uniformly pulled out, and simultaneously a soil sample is taken out;
separating the pipe shoe from the sampling pipe, removing the limit of the limit bolt on the piston handle, and slowly pushing the soil sample and the film out of the sampling pipe by using the piston, wherein the existence of the film can reduce the soil sample disturbance caused by the friction between the soil sample and the inner wall of the soil sampling pipe;
the soil sampler is cleaned and arranged, and sampling is repeated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the thin film and the cutting ring are arranged in the pipe shoe cavity, so that the soil sample can be isolated from the inner wall of the sampling pipe in the process of pressing the soil sampler downwards, and after soil sampling is completed, the steel wire collecting and releasing device and the clamping ring are used for contracting and cutting the soil sample through the steel wire, so that the soil sample is separated from the subsoil. In the lifting process of the soil sampler, the vacuum resistance at the cutting section can be eliminated by opening the vent valve, and the power for upward movement of the soil sample is provided by the clamping force of the piston and the film fixed by the limiting pin and the inner wall of the soil sample. Meanwhile, the thin film isolates the soil sample from the inner wall of the sampling tube, so that disturbance of pushing the soil sample out of the soil sampler is reduced to a great extent. Therefore, the slip film line cutting type soft soil sampler reduces the side frictional resistance when entering the soil and the end resistance when lifting, and reduces the side frictional resistance when pushing a soil sample out of the sampler, thereby reducing sampling disturbance and improving the sampling quality and the sampling rate; meanwhile, the invention can be manually operated to obtain on-site shallow surface layer and indoor soft soil model samples, and can also be connected to the bottom of the drill rod to take original soft soil samples in the drill holes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall cross-sectional front view of the slip film line cutting type soft soil sampler device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the connection section of the sampling tube and the back seat of the synovial membrane line cutting type soft soil sampler device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the connecting section of the sampling tube and the pipe shoe of the synovial line cutting type soft soil sampler device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cutting of circular cut soil during soil extraction using the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a pipe boot, 2, a sampling pipe, 3, a rear seat, 4, a piston, 5, a pipe boot cavity, 6, an inner seam, 7, a film, 8, a steel wire, 9, a cutting ring, 10, a clamping ring, 11, a vent hole, 12, a rear seat cavity, 13, a steel wire take-up and pay-off device, 14, a universal flexible shaft, 15, an air pipe, 16, a vent valve, 17, a one-way vent valve, 18, a piston handle, 19, a limiting bolt, 20 and a guide rod.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1, a slip film linear cutting type soft soil sampler device and a working method thereof, as shown in fig. 1, the soft soil sampler of the present invention includes four main parts, namely a pipe shoe 1, a sampling pipe 2, a rear seat 3 and a piston 4, a thin film 7, a cutting ring 9 and a snap ring 10 are preset in a pipe shoe cavity 5, and together with a steel wire receiving and releasing device 13, a vent hole 11 and a vent valve 16, cutting and separation of a soil sample and subsoil can be achieved, friction between the soil sample and the inner wall of the sampling pipe 2 is reduced, thereby reducing disturbance of the soil sample, and improving soil sampling quality and sampling rate. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
1) Before sampling, coating Vaseline or lubricating silicone grease on the inner wall of the sampling tube 2, connecting the rear seat 3 and the sampling tube 2 in place, and adjusting the steel wire take-up and pay-off device 13 to ensure that the steel wire 8 penetrating through the vent hole 11 has a proper length; the bottom of the steel wire 8 penetrates through the clamping ring 10 to form a cutting ring 9, and the cutting ring 9 can be placed in the pipe boot cavity 5 after adjustment; the cutting ring 9 is connected with the bottom of the film 7, the film 7 is placed in the pipe shoe cavity 5 after being folded, the other end of the film 7 is connected with the piston 4 after penetrating through the inner seam 6, and finally the pipe shoe 1 and the sampling pipe 2 are connected in place, so that the vent valve 16 is in a closed state. When the field drilling and soil sampling are carried out, the rear seat 3 of the soil sampler is connected with a drill rod, an outward flexible shaft 14 with a proper length is used for connecting a steel wire retracting device 13 according to the soil sampling depth, and an air pipe 15 with a proper length is used for connecting a rear seat cavity 12 and a vent valve 16.
2) The soil sampler is placed to a sampling point, the soil sampler is quickly, continuously and uniformly pressed into the soil by applying force through the rear seat 3, and the pressing depth is the sum of the lengths of the pipe shoe 1 and the sampling pipe 2. After the soil sample enters the pipe boot 1, the air in the pipe boot space is compressed, and the air is discharged through the one-way vent valve 17 on the guide rod 20; the soil sample enters the cavity of the sampling tube 2 to contact the piston 4 and move backwards, the film 7 with one end connected with the piston 4 is taken out of the tube shoe cavity 5 to separate the soil sample from the inner wall of the sampling tube 2 until the piston handle 18 moves to the position of the limiting bolt 19 and is fixed, the film 7 is completely taken out of the tube shoe cavity 5, and the cutting ring 9 at the tail end of the film 7 is just taken out of the tube shoe cavity 5.
3) After the soil sampler is pressed into the soil to a certain position, the cutting ring 9 is just positioned at the inner seam 6 where the sampling tube 2 is connected with the pipe boot 1 and surrounds the soil sample for a circle, and the clamping ring 10 is used as the tail end of the cutting ring 9 and is limited in the pipe boot cavity 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of cutting ring soil cutting in the soil taking process of the device, a universal flexible shaft 14 is used for acting on a steel wire collecting and releasing device 13, the cutting ring 9 is contracted through a steel wire 8, a clamping ring 10 is used for fixing the end part of the steel wire 8, the circumference of the ring is reduced and a soil sample is cut, when the steel wire collecting and releasing device 13 finishes collecting the wire, the cutting ring 9 disappears, the cutting of the bottom soil is completed, and the soil sample at the inner seam 6 is separated from the bottom soil.
4) Before the soil sampler and the taken soft soil are taken out of the foundation integrally, the ventilation valve 16 needs to be opened, so that external air can ventilate the cut section through the air pipe 15, the ventilation hole 11 and the inner seam 6, and the reduction of soil sampling rate and even the disturbance of soil sample due to the formation of vacuum end resistance in the lifting process of the soil sampler are avoided. At this time, the piston 4 is fixed relative to the soil sampler main body, the film 7 wraps the soil sample and is attached to the whole inner wall of the sampling tube 2, the film 7 which is small in ductility and the upper end of which is fixed by the piston 4 can provide clamping force for the soil sample in the lifting process, the one-way vent valve 17 at the top of the piston 4 only allows internal air to overflow and cannot vent reversely, and positive suction is provided for the soil sample in the lifting process of the soil sampler. The soil sampler is preferably lifted slowly and uniformly, and the speed is preferably slowed down when the air inlet of the air vent valve 16 is fast.
5) After sampling is finished, before the soil sample is moved out of the soil sampler, the pipe shoe 1 is separated from the sampling pipe 2, the limit of the limiting bolt 19 on the piston handle 18 is removed, uniform thrust is slowly applied to the guide rod 20, and the soil sample is pushed out of the sampling pipe 2. The thin film 7 is arranged between the soil sample and the sampling tube 2 for isolation, and the inner wall of the sampling tube 2 is lubricated in advance, so that when the soil sample is pushed out of the sampling tube 2, the frictional resistance on the side wall of the soil sample is very small, and the secondary disturbance generated on the soil sample can be ignored. Meanwhile, the soil sample is wrapped by the film 7, so that the moisture loss of the soil sample is reduced, and the undisturbed sample can be better protected.
Cleaning and arranging the soil sampler, and repeating the sampling for 1) to 5) again. The sliding film line cutting type soft soil sampler device reduces the side friction resistance and the end resistance of sampling, thereby reducing sampling disturbance, improving the sampling quality and the sampling rate, and being simultaneously suitable for manual sampling and drilling sampling.
Claims (1)
1. A working method of a sliding film line cutting type soft soil sampler comprises the following steps that a sampling tube is fixed below a rear seat; the lower end of the sampling tube is fixed with a tube boot; a piston used for pushing out a soil sample is arranged in the sampling tube, a tube shoe cavity is arranged at the upper end of the tube shoe, and a film, a clamping ring and a cutting ring are preset in the tube shoe cavity; the rear seat is provided with a rear seat cavity, and a vent valve and a steel wire winding and unwinding device are arranged in the rear seat cavity; four vent holes are symmetrically distributed in the tube wall of the sampling tube, and the vent holes are communicated with the rear seat cavity and the tube boot cavity; a steel wire is arranged in one vent hole, and the upper end of the steel wire is fixed on the steel wire winding and unwinding device; the connection part of the sampling tube and the tube shoe forms an inner seam on the inner wall; two ends of the film are respectively connected with the cutting ring and the piston;
a one-way vent valve is arranged on a piston handle of the piston;
a guide rod is fixed at the upper end of a piston handle of the piston; the upper end of the guide rod is provided with two outward bulges, and the two bulges correspond to the limiting bolt on the rear seat;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coating lubricating silicone grease on the inner wall of the sampling tube to reduce friction between a film and the inner wall; connecting the back seat and the sampling tube in place;
adjusting the steel wire retractor to enable the steel wire penetrating through the vent hole to be in a proper length, enabling the bottom of the steel wire to penetrate through the clamping ring to form a cutting ring, and enabling the cutting ring to be placed in the pipe boot cavity after adjustment;
connecting the bottom of the cylindrical film with a cutting ring, folding the film, placing the folded film in a tube shoe cavity, and connecting the other end of the film with a piston through an inner seam;
connecting the pipe boot and the sampling pipe in place, and closing the vent valve;
the soil sampler is placed to a sampling point, and the soil sampler is quickly, continuously and uniformly pressed into the soil by applying force through the rear seat; the pressing depth is the sum of the lengths of the tube shoe and the sampling tube;
fifthly, after the soil sample enters the pipe boot, the air in the space of the pipe boot is compressed, and the gas is discharged through the one-way vent valve on the guide rod;
enabling the soil sample to enter a cavity of the sampling tube to be in contact with the piston and move backwards, enabling a film with one end connected with the piston to be taken out of the tube boot cavity, separating the soil sample from the inner wall of the sampling tube until the piston handle moves to the position of the limiting bolt and is fixed;
the membrane is all taken out of the boot cavity, and the cutting ring at the end of the membrane is just taken out of the boot cavity;
controlling a steel wire winding and unwinding device by using a universal flexible shaft; the steel wire is tightened, and after the cutting ring shrinks to disappear, the soil sample is cut off to realize the separation from the subsoil;
the self-lifting type full-automatic soil cutting machine has the advantages that a self-lifting type full-automatic soil cutting machine is simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of achieving self-lifting, self-lifting and self-lifting effects are achieved, and the self-lifting type full-automatic soil cutting machine is simple in structure and convenient to use;
the soil sampler is slowly and uniformly pulled out, and simultaneously a soil sample is taken out;
separating the pipe shoe from the sampling pipe, removing the limit of the limit bolt on the piston handle, and slowly pushing the soil sample and the film out of the sampling pipe by using the piston, wherein the existence of the film can reduce the soil sample disturbance caused by the friction between the soil sample and the inner wall of the soil sampling pipe;
the soil sampler is cleaned and arranged, and sampling is repeated.
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| CN201710068688.0A CN106596179B (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2017-02-08 | Working method of sliding film wire cutting type soft soil sampler |
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