CN106595731A - Fiber composite material hot molding compression curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Fiber composite material hot molding compression curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106595731A CN106595731A CN201611146925.2A CN201611146925A CN106595731A CN 106595731 A CN106595731 A CN 106595731A CN 201611146925 A CN201611146925 A CN 201611146925A CN 106595731 A CN106595731 A CN 106595731A
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
- G01D5/35316—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
- G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
- G01D3/036—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves
- G01D3/0365—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves the undesired influence being measured using a separate sensor, which produces an influence related signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber composite material hot molding compression curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method. The method includes the following steps that: (1) a phase mask method is adopted to fabricate a plurality of optical fiber Bragg gratings having different center wavelengths onto a single high temperature-resistant optical fiber at intervals, so that an optical grating string can be formed, and a grating region is coated with a high temperature-resistant composite material; (2) the temperature compensation optical grating string in a relaxed state is sleeved with a stainless steel capillary, so that the optical grating string will not be affected by strain in a composite material curing process; (3) a high temperature-resistant Teflon tube is adopted to protect an optical fiber lead, and then, the optical fiber lead is in welded connection with an optical fiber connector; and (4) the fiber Bragg gratings are laid according to a pre-designed scheme, and the optical fiber lead is lead out from a corresponding mold side wall frame plate; and (5) a signal transmission optical fiber is connected with a fiber grating demodulator, so that temperature and strain change in the curing process is monitored in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the FBG monitoring field of fibrous composite curing deformation, and in particular to a kind of advance heeling-in
The real-time prison of the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material structural member of optical fiber Bragg raster curing deformation in hot moulding manufacturing process
Survey pretreatment and the laying method of device and implantation grating.
Background technology
Fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material has excellent specific strength, specific stiffness, anti-fatigue performance and good sets
Meter property, is used widely in fields such as Aero-Space, automobile, buildings.However, in the curing molding mistake of composite material structural member
Cheng Zhong, due to material heat expansion or pyrocondensation effect, the chemical shrinkage effect of resin matrix, mutual between composite and mould
The collaboration of the factors such as effect affects, and the internal stress of complexity is often produced inside composite material structural member, causes the knot after the demoulding
There is curing deformation phenomenon in component.This phenomenon has had a strong impact on the performance of structural member, reduces the qualification rate of product.Therefore,
Heat cure shaping and internal stress evolution process in the mould of analysis fiber composite structure part, and then the demoulding change of adjusted and controlled part
Shape, with important scientific meaning and engineering application value.
Early stage is used to detect that composite solidification process method mainly has Dynamic Spring method, differential scanning calorimetry and infrared
Spectrum Method, its limitation be can only limited print put together in detected, then measurement result is empirically pushed away
Extensively in produce reality, it is impossible to realize the near real-time quantitative monitoring in curing process.The dynamic dielectric analysis method for developing later
Can be with the viscosity B coefficent of on-line checking numerical value but relatively costly.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve optical fiber Bragg grating sensor to temperature and strain simultaneously sensitive issue so as to can
The deformation of temperature change during composite curing molding and material is accurately measured, a kind of fiber composite material is disclosed
Material hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device and method, realize real-time with strain to composite curing deformation process temperature
Monitoring, hot moulding solidification process that can effectively to fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material in full rigidity closed molds and solid
The life cycle management monitoring of composite material structural member stand under load usage process, enables researcher to the micro- of curing deformation after the completion of change
Seeing mechanism and stress transmission has relatively sharp understanding, the effective control of material property is realized, so that advanced resin base is compound
Material structure part safer can be to reliably applied to more fields.
A kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device, including the lower template for coating releasing agent in advance
The die cavity surrounded with the sidewall frame plate of advance overlay film, is successively equipped with the fiber prepreg for cutting in advance in described die cavity
Material；Strain optical fiber Bragg raster string is equipped with along machine direction on each layer of fiber prepreg material, and in strain optical fiber
The side of Bragg grating strings it is parallel be equipped with the temperature-compensating grating string equal with its quantity, strain optical fiber Bragg raster string
Lead draw from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board, be connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, to sensor network
The data for being gathered carry out real-time monitoring.
Described strain optical fiber Bragg raster string constitutes sensor network using the networking mode that parallel connection and serial connection combines
Network, the gratings in series of different wave length forms grating string on an optical fiber, and multifiber grating is ganged up overcoupling device and is connected in parallel on one
Rise.
High temperature resistant composite is coated with described strain optical fiber Bragg raster string and temperature-compensating grating string.
It is sleeved in stainless steel capillary on each grid region of described temperature-compensating grating string, two ends GD-4 double-components
Glue is sealed.
Described temperature-compensating grating string is entirely sleeved in stainless steel capillary, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components,
The other end is in free state.
Optical fiber outside fiber prepreg material is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube, and with the joints of optical fibre welding is carried out.
In temperature compensation grating string when being laid along different directions, multilayer prepreg is spaced, and avoids stainless steel wool as far as possible
The intersection of tubule, while processing with the prepreg of top capillary stainless steel tube lower section, it is ensured that the thickness of material after shaping
Unanimously.
Compared with conventional curing monitoring device, Fibre Optical Sensor small volume, sensitivity height, pliability are strong, can be more square
Just imbed in material, have in terms of the parameter such as temperature, strain in real-time dynamic monitoring composite solidification process special
Obvious advantage.Additionally, optical fiber is little to the Effect on Mechanical Properties of composite after shaping.
The preparation method of described device is as follows：
The making of step one optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(1-1) fiber grating string is made：
The different fiber Bragg light of the multiple centre wavelengths of write is spaced on simple optical fiber using the method for phase mask
Grid；
(1-2) protection of temperature compensation grating string：
Stainless steel capillary is intercepted, is enclosed within one by one on each grid region of temperature compensation grating string, two ends are sealed, room temperature
It is fully cured after the time of setting；
Or be all inserted in grating string more than the stainless steel capillary of material prepreg length using length, one end
Sealing, the other end is in free state so that temperature compensation grating can be with activity not by composite deformation to it in capillary
Impact；
(1-3) protection of fiber-optic wire is processed：
The optical fiber of material outer leaves and takes the length of setting, for the transmission of signal, is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube pair
Fiber-optic wire is protected, and then carries out welding with the joints of optical fibre, is easy to the connection of grating and high speed (FBG) demodulator；
Step 2 is implanted in the composite optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(2-1) the fiber prepreg material for cutting in advance is successively routed to by the lower template for coating releasing agent in advance and in advance
In the die cavity that the sidewall frame plate of overlay film is surrounded, in process of deployment, as requested, strain along machine direction laying in n-th layer
Sensor grating string, and parallel laid temperature-compensating grating string beside it；
(2-2) lead of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board；
Should ensure that teflon pipe enters prepreg overlay 10mm during laying；
(2-3) upper die plate for coating releasing agent in advance, Guan Bi mould, in inserting hot press, from mould side wall frame are covered
The networking mode composition sensing that the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor drawn in the lead groove of plate is combined using parallel connection and serial connection
Device network, is finally connected to signal transmission fiber on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and commissioning device is with gathered data；Heating pressurization,
Make prepreg hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realize the solidification of composite, the temperature in real-time monitoring solidification process
Degree and the change for straining.
Further, described step (2-1) should be spaced multilayer prepreg when the temperature compensation grating string of different directions is laid,
And the intersection of stainless steel capillary is avoided as far as possible, while processing with the prepreg of top capillary stainless steel tube lower section, guarantor
The consistency of thickness of material after card shaping.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
Optical fiber Bragg raster string is to the key parameter such as the temperature in composite solidification process and strain used in the present invention
Carry out real-time monitoring.Because temperature and strain can make the centre wavelength of optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum change, therefore
It is same to temperature and strain sensitive, so need to be same in its beside's laying while imbedding strain grating in the composite
Etc. the temperature-compensating grating of quantity, and ensure its completely not strained impact.Therefore, the present invention both can be incited somebody to action by temperature compensation grating
Impact of the temperature with strain to reflected spectrum wavelengths is separated, again can be with the temperature change of each point of real-time monitoring composite inner
Situation, is truly realized the real-time monitoring to composite material structural member internal temperature and strain.Simultaneously as optical fiber is anti-shearing
Poor-performing, in order to prevent optical fiber to be subject to shearing force, fiber-optic wire to be also required to carry out suitably when drawing from full rigidity closed mould
Protection.
Meanwhile, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is expensive, has had a strong impact on the popularization and application of the technology, and the present invention adopts optical fiber
The stable wideband light source of the built-in high power of grating demodulation instrument, the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, optical fiber light
When grid are subject to temperature to affect centre wavelength to change with strain, the light intensity that photodetector is received changes, and then realizes
The fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Optical signal is obtained by observable with oscillograph after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing
Electric signal.Sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, the wavelength resolution with 3nm.Greatly reduce simultaneously Acquisition Instrument into
This.
Strain grating string and corresponding temperature-compensating grating string, strain strained and temperature change the dual shadow of grating string
Ring, temperature-compensating grating string monitoring temperature changes so as to compensate the impact that temperature correspondence becomes grating string；
Temperature compensation grating is protected using capillary tubing, and steel pipe two ends are sealed with high temperature resistant colloid, and grating string
In relaxed state；
Grating lead is protected with resistant to elevated temperatures teflon pipe, and because Teflon material can not bond with colloid,
Roughening treatment is carried out to teflon pipe；
Two kinds of grating strings need to be spaced 2-5mm parallel laids in laying, can prevent it from interfering and can guarantee that two
The temperature that grid region monitors is consistent with the change of strain；
The stable wideband light source of the built-in high power of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, quickly solves while realizing temperature with strain signal
Adjust, sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, and wavelength resolution is 3nm.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are that the pretreatment of Fiber Bragg Grating FBG string and paving mode show in the embodiment of the present invention
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator operation principle schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device schematic diagram；
The reflectance spectrum figure of optical fiber Bragg raster during the composite curing molding that Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are obtained for (FBG) demodulator；
Fig. 9 is the temperature of composite material structural member during the hot moulding curing molding that the monitoring of optical fiber Bragg raster string is obtained
Degree and time curve；
In figure：1. carbon fiber prepreg, 2. stainless steel capillary, 3. strains optical fiber Bragg raster string, 4. temperature-compensating light
Grid string.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention will be further elaborated.It should be noted that the description below is merely to solution
The present invention is released, its content is not defined.
A kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device, including the lower mould for coating releasing agent in advance
The die cavity that the sidewall frame plate of plate, lower template and advance overlay film is surrounded, is successively equipped with what is cut in advance in described die cavity
Fiber prepreg material 1；Along machine direction laying strain optical fiber Bragg raster string 3 on each layer of fiber prepreg material, in strain
The parallel laying temperature-compensating grating string 4 in the side of optical fiber Bragg raster string, strains the lead slave phase of optical fiber Bragg raster string 3
Draw in the lead groove of the mould side wall deckle board answered, the group that optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is combined using parallel connection and serial connection
Net mode constitutes sensor network, and the Transmission Fibers of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor are connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
High temperature resistant composite is coated with strain optical fiber Bragg raster string 3 and temperature-compensating grating string 4.
It is sleeved on each grid region of temperature-compensating grating string 4 in stainless steel capillary 2, two ends are entered with GD-4 two components
Row sealing.
Temperature-compensating grating string 4 is entirely sleeved in Stainless Steel Capillary 2, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, the other end
In free state.
Optical fiber outside fiber prepreg material is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube, and with the joints of optical fibre welding is carried out.
In temperature compensation grating string when being laid along different directions, multilayer prepreg is spaced, and avoids stainless steel wool as far as possible
The intersection of tubule, while processing with the prepreg of top capillary stainless steel tube lower section, it is ensured that the thickness of material after shaping
Unanimously.
Optical fiber Bragg raster string is to the key parameter such as the temperature in composite solidification process and strain used in the present invention
Carry out real-time monitoring.Because temperature and strain can make the centre wavelength of optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum change, therefore
It is same to temperature and strain sensitive, so need to be same in its beside's laying while imbedding strain grating in the composite
Etc. the temperature-compensating grating of quantity, and ensure its completely not strained impact.Therefore, the present invention both can be incited somebody to action by temperature compensation grating
Impact of the temperature with strain to reflected spectrum wavelengths is separated, again can be with the temperature change of each point of real-time monitoring composite inner
Situation, is truly realized the real-time monitoring to composite material structural member internal temperature and strain.Simultaneously as optical fiber is anti-shearing
Poor-performing, in order to prevent optical fiber to be subject to shearing force, fiber-optic wire to be also required to carry out suitably when drawing from full rigidity closed mould
Protection.
Meanwhile, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is expensive, has had a strong impact on the popularization and application of the technology, and the present invention adopts optical fiber
The stable wideband light source of the built-in high power of grating demodulation instrument, the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, optical fiber light
When grid are subject to temperature to affect centre wavelength to change with strain, the light intensity that photodetector is received changes, and then realizes
The fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Optical signal is obtained by observable with oscillograph after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing
Electric signal.Sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, the wavelength resolution with 3nm.Greatly reduce simultaneously Acquisition Instrument into
This.
The manufacturing process of the present invention is as follows：
The making of step one optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(1-1) fiber grating string is made：The multiple middle cardiac waves of write are spaced on simple optical fiber using the method for phase mask
Grow different optical fiber Bragg rasters to meet long range measurements or multimetering needs, be not required to welding, position is accurate, improves
The reliability and stability of measuring system, and can according to actual needs arbitrarily determine the number and spacing in grid region.Due to strain
Grating string needs directly to imbed composite inner and exposed grid region fragility is easily broken, multiple if not taking any safeguard measure
Internal stress during condensation material heat-pressure curing will easily cause the broken of one or more grid regions in strain grating string
It is bad, so as to lose the function of monitoring, while the requirement to adapt to long term high temperature monitoring, using high temperature resistant composite correspondence darkening
Grid string is coated with the grid region of temperature grating string, and it is also high temperature resistant grating to inscribe the optical fiber of grating string.
(1-2) protection of temperature compensation grating string：Intercept suitable length (such as 30mm) external diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.2mm it is stainless
Steel wool tubule, is enclosed within one by one on each grid region of temperature compensation grating string, and two ends are sealed with GD-4 two components, room temperature 24
Hour is fully cured it, so can avoid imbedding the composite of grating string resin inflow capillary in solidification heating process
The centre wavelength that temperature compensation grating reflection spectral is caused inside pipe occurs to fluctuate or even inaccurate.Need in operation to ensure
Grid region is in unstressed state, prevents grating because being produced error by prestressing force.Composite wood can also be more than using length
The stainless steel capillary of material prepreg length is all inserted in grating string, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, and the other end is in
Free state so that temperature compensation grating can not affected by composite deformation with activity in capillary on it.
(1-3) protection of fiber-optic wire is processed：The optical fiber of material outer leaves and takes certain length (such as 2m), for signal
Transmission, is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube and fiber-optic wire is protected, it is to avoid FBG is molded and adds in composite
Rupture during work, then carry out welding with the joints of optical fibre, be easy to the connection of grating and high speed (FBG) demodulator.But, by
It is difficult to be bondd with colloid in Teflon material, roughening treatment need to be carried out to teflon pipe.
Comprising the following steps that for optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is implanted in the composite：
(2-1) the fiber prepreg material for cutting in advance is successively routed to by the lower template for coating releasing agent in advance and in advance
In the die cavity that the sidewall frame plate of overlay film is surrounded, for example, ply sequence is [09/909].In process of deployment, according to design, can be
N-th layer lays strain transducer grating string, and parallel laid temperature-compensating grating at 2-5mm beside it along machine direction
String.Due to being cased with the stainless steel capillary that external diameter is 0.7mm outside temperature compensation grating string, and the thickness of one layer of prepreg is only 125 μ
M, so in order to prevent influencing each other for different interlayer capillaries, in the temperature of laying different directions (such as perpendicular to machine direction)
Should be spaced multilayer prepreg during light filling grid string, and avoid the intersection of stainless steel capillary as far as possible, while under capillary stainless steel tube
Side is processed with the prepreg of top, it is ensured that the consistency of thickness of material after shaping.
(2-2) lead of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board.
In order to protect fiber pigtail not to be damaged and composite shaping after it is difficult for drop-off, Teflon is should ensure that during laying
Pipe enters prepreg overlay 10mm.
(2-3) upper die plate for coating releasing agent in advance is covered, Guan Bi mould inserts the hot presses such as vulcanizer, extrusion press
In, the optical fiber Bragg grating sensor drawn from the lead groove of mould side wall deckle board is combined using parallel connection and serial connection
Networking mode composition sensor network, finally signal transmission fiber is connected on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, commissioning device with
Gathered data；Heating pressurization, makes prepreg hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realizes the solidification of composite, in real time
The change of temperature and strain in monitoring solidification process.The stable broadband of the built-in high power of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator that the present invention is adopted
Light source, the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, and fiber grating is subject to temperature to affect centre wavelength with strain
When changing, the light intensity that photodetector is received changes, and then realizes the fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Light is believed
With oscillograph it is the electric signal obtained by observable number after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing.Sample frequency can reach
1000KHz, the wavelength resolution with 3nm.
Particular content is as follows:
(1) the optical fiber Bragg raster string for using is determined：Customization have 5 grid regions, centre wavelength be respectively 1530nm,
1540nm, 1550nm, 1560nm and 1570nm, through acrylate-coated, what spacing was respectively 40mm and 60mm answers darkening
Grid string, and the temperature-compensating grating string through polyimide coating of same parameter.Wherein, spacing is the temperature compensation grating of 60mm
String does not inscribe centrally located grid region.
(2) pretreatment of temperature compensation grating string：Protection is carried out to temperature compensation grating using stainless steel capillary there are two schemes.
Scheme one：The stainless steel capillary of external diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.2mm is truncated into into 400mm and 300mm length, and by grating
String is all inserted in, and one end is sealed with GD-4 two components, and the other end is in free state so that temperature compensation grating can in capillary
It is not affected by composite deformation with activity.Because stainless steel capillary external diameter is 0.7mm, one layer of fibre is far longer than
125 μm of the thickness of dimension prepreg, in order to avoid the stainless steel capillary of different directions laying intersects composite is had a strong impact on
Performance, the capillary in one of direction need to be interrupted, be nested into the position for having marked in advance respectively from the two ends of grating string
And it is fixed.This scheme is simple to operation, but the bad assurance in position of the grating in capillary, need to shift to an earlier date and be carried out on fiber-optic wire
Mark, and it is noted that the protection of the interface of capillary and fiber-optic wire, can be entangled with heat-shrink tube and heated after interface, just can avoid
The fracture of Interface Fiber.
Scheme two：The stainless steel capillary of external diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.2mm is truncated into into the segment of 30mm length, temperature is enclosed within one by one
On each grid region of light filling grid string, two ends are sealed with GD-4 two components, and room temperature is fully cured it in 24 hours, this
Sample can avoid the composite for imbedding grating string from causing temperature compensation light inside resin inflow capillary in solidification heating process
It is even inaccurate to there is fluctuation in the centre wavelength of grid reflectance spectrum.Need in operation to ensure shape of the grid region in not stressing
State, prevents grating because being produced error by prestressing force.Though this scheme is more slightly more complex than scheme one, each is easily determined
Position of the grid region in grating string.
(3) prepreg for cutting in advance is successively routed to as requested by the lower template for coating releasing agent in advance and pre-
In the die cavity that the sidewall frame plate of first overlay film is surrounded, ply sequence is [909/09].In process of deployment, on demand at the 10th layer
Along fibre axis direction laying strain grating string, grating string of the parallel laid as temperature-compensating at 10mm beside it.
14th layer is accordingly laid strain transducer and temperature compensation sensor along 45 ° of directions of fiber.
(4) lead of FBG is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board.
(5) upper die plate for coating releasing agent in advance, Guan Bi mould, in inserting vulcanizer, from mould side wall deckle board are covered
Lead groove in the lead of FBG drawn be connected to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, then commissioning device is with gathered data；
Heating pressurization, makes prepreg hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realizes the solidification of composite, while monitoring solidified
The change of temperature and strain in journey.
Using heat pressing process first from room temperature to 80 DEG C, be incubated 30min, then heat to 130 DEG C, be incubated 60min；
The pressure in two stages is 0.5Mpa.
(6) vulcanizer is opened, composite material structural member is separated with upper and lower metal form first, then by multi-layered polyester
The sliding at interface between film and film separates composite material structural member and mould side wall deckle board and (is included in dividing for lead groove position
From), while dynamic realtime collecting temperature and strain data, finally give the polymer matrix composites that inside is embedded with FBG
Structural member.
As shown in figure 5, being fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator operation principle schematic diagram.The centre wavelength of fiber grating is in broadband light
At the hypotenuse in source, thus center wavelength with temperature or strain when changing of fiber grating, the light intensity of photodetector detection
Can change, and then cause the change of curtage signal, realize the demodulation of temperature or strain.
As shown in fig. 6, being fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device schematic diagram.The light of different wave length
Fine gratings in series together, and can be connected in parallel by coupler, and the present invention is using the group for wanting to combine in parallel and serial
Net mode, constitutes many grating monitoring networks.
As shown in fig. 7, during the composite curing molding obtained for (FBG) demodulator optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum
Figure.It can be seen that in the overall process of monitoring composite solidification, the reflectance spectrum shape of optical fiber Bragg raster is not
The bad phenomenon such as generation broadening or bimodal distortion, it was demonstrated that coat plays a very good protection to grid region.
As shown in figure 8, composite structure during the hot moulding curing molding obtained for the monitoring of optical fiber Bragg raster string
The temperature and time relation curve of part；By curve as can be seen that the temperature that measures of grating string and strain trend and actual conditions
Comply fully with, the temperature show value that temperature compensation grating is measured also fluctuates during die sinking, it was demonstrated that stainless steel capillary
Protective effect causes the not strained impact of temperature compensation grating, and only monitors the whole temperature change of solidification.
Optical fiber Bragg raster string is to the key parameter such as the temperature in composite solidification process and strain used in the present invention
Carry out real-time monitoring.Because temperature and strain can make the centre wavelength of optical fiber Bragg raster reflectance spectrum change, therefore
It is same to temperature and strain sensitive, so need to be equal in same position laying while imbedding strain grating in the composite
The temperature-compensating grating of quantity, and its completely not strained impact is ensured by corresponding process.Therefore, the present invention both can lead to
Excess temperature light filling grid separate temperature with impact of the strain to reflected spectrum wavelengths, again can with real-time monitoring composite inner each
The temperature variations of point, are truly realized the real-time monitoring to composite material structural member internal temperature and strain.Simultaneously as
The anti-shear performance of optical fiber is poor, in order to prevent optical fiber to be subject to shearing force, fiber-optic wire when drawing from full rigidity closed mould
Need to carry out appropriate protection.
Meanwhile, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is expensive, has had a strong impact on the popularization and application of the technology, and the present invention adopts optical fiber
The stable wideband light source of the built-in high power of grating demodulation instrument, the centre wavelength of fiber grating is located at the edge of wideband light source, optical fiber light
When grid are subject to temperature to affect centre wavelength to change with strain, the light intensity that photodetector is received changes, and then realizes
The fast demodulation of temperature and strain signal.Optical signal is obtained by observable with oscillograph after opto-electronic conversion and enhanced processing
Electric signal.Sample frequency can reach 1000KHz, the wavelength resolution with 3nm.Greatly reduce simultaneously Acquisition Instrument into
This.
Although the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines is described to the specific embodiment of the present invention, not to present invention protection model
The restriction enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need the various modifications made by paying creative work or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device, it is characterised in that：Including coating the demoulding in advance
The die cavity that the sidewall frame plate of the lower template of agent and advance overlay film is surrounded, is successively equipped with what is cut in advance in described die cavity
Fiber prepreg material；Strain optical fiber Bragg raster string is equipped with along machine direction on each layer of fiber prepreg material, and is being answered
Become optical fiber Bragg raster string side it is parallel be equipped with the temperature-compensating grating string equal with its quantity, strain fiber Bragg
The lead of grating string is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board, is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, to sensing
The data that device network is gathered carry out real-time monitoring.
2. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The networking mode that combined using parallel connection and serial connection of strain optical fiber Bragg raster string constitute sensor network, different wave length
Gratings in series forms grating string on an optical fiber, gangs up overcoupling device with fiber grating more and is connected in parallel.
3. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Strain optical fiber Bragg raster string and temperature-compensating grating string on be coated with high temperature resistant composite.
4. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Temperature-compensating grating string each grid region on be sleeved in stainless steel capillary, two ends are sealed with GD-4 two components.
5. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Temperature-compensating grating string be entirely sleeved in stainless steel capillary, one end with GD-4 two components seal, the other end in from
By state.
6. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is located at
Optical fiber outside fiber prepreg material is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube, and with the joints of optical fibre welding is carried out.
7. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In temperature
Light filling grid string is spaced multilayer prepreg when being laid along different directions, and stainless steel capillary can not intersect, while to hair
Thin stainless steel tube lower section is processed with the prepreg of top, it is ensured that the consistency of thickness of material after shaping.
8. fibrous composite hot moulding curing deformation optical fiber monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The stable wideband light source of the built-in high power of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
9. the preparation method of the described device as described in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that as follows：
The making of step one optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(1-1) fiber grating string is made：
The different optical fiber Bragg raster of the multiple centre wavelengths of write is spaced on simple optical fiber using the method for phase mask；
(1-2) protection of temperature compensation grating string：
Stainless steel capillary is intercepted, is enclosed within one by one on each grid region of temperature compensation grating string, two ends are sealed, room temperature setting
Time after be fully cured it；
Or be all inserted in grating string more than the stainless steel capillary of material prepreg length using length, one end is close
Envelope, the other end be in free state so that temperature compensation grating in capillary can with activity and by composite deformation to its
Affect；
(1-3) protection of fiber-optic wire is processed：
The optical fiber of material outer leaves and takes the length of setting, for the transmission of signal, is inserted in high temperature resistance super teflon tube to optical fiber
Lead is protected, and then carries out welding with the joints of optical fibre, is easy to the connection of grating and high speed (FBG) demodulator；
Step 2 is implanted in the composite optical fiber Bragg grating sensor
(2-1) the fiber prepreg material for cutting in advance is successively routed to by the lower template for coating releasing agent in advance and advance overlay film
The die cavity that surrounds of sidewall frame plate in, in process of deployment, as requested, strain sensing is laid along machine direction in n-th layer
Device grating string, and parallel laid temperature-compensating grating string beside it；
(2-2) lead of optical fiber Bragg grating sensor is drawn from the lead groove of corresponding mould side wall deckle board；In paving
If during should ensure that teflon pipe enter prepreg overlay 10mm；
(2-3) upper die plate for coating releasing agent in advance, Guan Bi mould, in inserting hot press, from mould side wall deckle board are covered
The optical fiber Bragg grating sensor drawn in lead groove constitutes sensor network using the networking mode that parallel connection and serial connection combines
Network, is finally connected to signal transmission fiber on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and commissioning device is with gathered data；Heating pressurization, makes pre-
Leaching material is hot-forming in full rigidity closed molds, realizes the solidification of composite, the temperature in real-time monitoring solidification process and
The change of strain.
10. the preparation method of described device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that as follows：Described step (2-1) exists
Multilayer prepreg should be spaced during the temperature compensation grating string of laying different directions, and avoid the intersection of stainless steel capillary as far as possible, while
Capillary stainless steel tube lower section is processed with the prepreg of top, it is ensured that the consistency of thickness of material after shaping.
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