CN106595567A - Geological structural plane attitude measurement method - Google Patents
Geological structural plane attitude measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106595567A CN106595567A CN201611183349.9A CN201611183349A CN106595567A CN 106595567 A CN106595567 A CN 106595567A CN 201611183349 A CN201611183349 A CN 201611183349A CN 106595567 A CN106595567 A CN 106595567A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geological structural plane attitude measurement method; according to on-site conditions, a non-contact type measurement method and a contact type handheld Android acquisition device measurement method are selected. The non-contact type measurement method comprises the following steps: one, according to measurement on-site conditions, selecting a measurement station relocation site; two, placing a range finder at the measurement station site; three, carrying out wireless transmission connection of an acquisition device and the range finder; four, starting an attitude measurement interface of the acquisition device, rotating the range finder to make a measurement beam shoot to three non-collinear points of a structural plane, and sending the measurement data to the acquisition device through a wireless transmission way; and five, calculating the attitude of the geological structural plane, wherein the attitude comprises a moving direction gamma, a tendency beta, and a dip angle alpha. The method has the advantages that limit of a traditional compass contact type measurement method is broken through, and the attitude measurement is performed on a long-distance or difficult-to-contact structural plane; the errors of attitude measurement brought by mineral magnetism are effectively overcome, and the efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological mapping measuring method, more particularly, to geologic structure face strike-dip survey method.
Background technology
The occurrence of geologic structure face includes three key elements：Trend, tendency and inclination angle.Trend is geological object aspect and horizontal plane
The bearing of trend of intersection.Tendency is parallax on geological object face projection direction in the horizontal plane.Inclination angle is to incline
The angle of line and horizontal plane.
Traditional geologic structure face strike-dip survey is using mechanical type geologic compass, traditional geologic compass measurement side
Formula is contact type measurement, big by magnetic mineral interference, for the geologic structure face of complex condition, such as overhanging cliff, river resistance
Plug, mine high-altitude structure top board, survey crew are difficult to directly contact measurement, and the method virtually extended using structural plane is measured
The impact of distance factor is serious, it is difficult to avoid the relatively large deviation between measured value and truth value.
To overcome the limitation of mechanical type geologic compass contact type measurement, William C.Haneberg Applied Digitals are near
Scape photogrammetric technology establishes rock side slope threedimensional model and has carried out the mapping work of geologic structure face, and Liu Zixia has carried out base
In the applied research of the rock mass structure surface information Quick Acquisition of digital close range photogrammetry, Zhang Wen is proposed and is swept based on three-dimensional laser
Retouch the rock mass structure information process- method of technology and carried out engineer applied, S.Slob is have studied based on 3 D laser scanning skill
The method that art measures rock mass discontinuity, Berger etc. have carried out earth's surface attitude of stratum extraction using SPOT satellites stereogram
Research, Liu Huaguo et al. have carried out the research work of the extraction that near surface attitude of stratum is carried out using remote sensing image technology, Wang Biao
GPS technology is applied in nearly acline occurrence accurate measurement, these technologies have in certainty of measurement and speed and carry greatly very much
Height, but instrumentation process or complexity, or equipment heaviness or expensive, it is difficult to carry out large-scale promotion application.Ma Qingxun is according to sharp
Light linear transmission principle has invented a kind of geologic compass, but the compass remains contact, it is difficult to avoid magnetic mineral
Interference, and special occurrence structural plane is not given to consideration.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of geologic structure face strike-dip survey method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical proposals：
Geologic structure face strike-dip survey method of the present invention, chooses application method and contact according to field condition
The hand-held Android collecting devices method for measurement of formula；
The application method is carried out as steps described below：
The first step, survey station settlement is selected according to measuring field condition；
Second step, diastimeter is placed on survey station point；
3rd step, the collecting device and diastimeter are carried out being wirelessly transferred being connected；
4th step, the occurrence of startup collecting device measure interface, and rotation diastimeter makes measuring beam be incident upon three non-co- of structural plane
Line point A（a1、a2、a3)、B（b1、b2、b3）、C（c1、c2、c3）On, the plane to be measured being made up of described three non-collinear points A, B, C
Normal vector be set to, measurement data is reached into collecting device by wireless transmission method, the number that need to be transmitted
According to including：(i=1,2,3), the elevation angle is for just, the angle of depression is negative to the vertical rotary angle θ i of light beam；Feathering angle ψj（J=1,2,3）It is inverse
Clockwise for just, be clockwise it is negative, and measurement distance lk (k=1,2,3)；
5th step, the occurrence for calculating geologic structure face, including：Move towards γ, tendency β, inclination alpha；
Inclination alpha：
,
(α∈ [0,90° ])
Wherein：
Tendency β：
Wherein：
Work as v>When 0,0≤β '<180°；
Work as v<When 0,180 °≤β '≤360 °；
Work as u=0, during v=0, structural plane is horizontal plane；
As w=0, structural plane and horizontal plane；
In formula：u=a2b3+a3c2+b2c3-a3b2-a2c3-b3c2,
v=a3b1+a1c3+b3c1-a1b3-a3c1-b1c3, w=a1b2+a2c1+b1c2-a2b1-a1c2-b2c1；
Wherein：
On structural plane, 3 points of coordinate is A（a1、a2、a3)、B（b1、b2、b3）、C（c1、c2、c3）
Normal vector is set to
Move towards γ：
γ=β±90° (γ∈ [0,360° ])
The hand-held Android collecting devices method for measurement of the contact is carried out as steps described below：
The first step, selection geologic structure face to be measured；
Second step, the collecting device back side is adjacent to geological interface to be measured, and the rotating acquisition equipment in the case where being close to so that its
A certain edge level, meets occurrence design conditions；
3rd step, the occurrence for calculating structural plane to be measured；
Using the direction sensor being embedded in Android collecting devices, the sensor interface provided by Android kits is obtained
Taking equipment deflection a, i.e., the angle that Android collecting devices are rotated around z-axis；Inclination angle p, i.e., overturn in front and back, Android collections
The angle that equipment is tilted；When Android collecting devices are inclined around x-axis, the value changes；Anglec of rotation r, i.e. Android are gathered
Equipment or so overturns, and represents Android collecting devices along the roll angle of y-axis；Computing formula is as follows：
trend = azimuth +90 (|r|<1, p<0)
trend=azimuth (|p|<1, r<0)
Wherein, c is known magnetic declination, and azimuth is azimuth, and to move towards, strike is tendency to trend, and dip is inclination angle,
Last result is moved towards, is inclined in the range of 0-360, and inclination angle is in the range of 0-90；
4th step, the occurrence for obtaining geological object, including：Trend, tendency, inclination angle；
5th step, data are automatically filled in acquisition interface write into Databasce.
Advantage of the present invention is mainly reflected in:
1st, contact or contactless measurement can be chosen according to working environment；
2nd, the restriction of conventional compass contact measurement method is breached, realizes producing structural plane that is remote or being difficult to contact
Shape is measured；
3rd, in the case where not affecting beam emissions and receiving, the position of measuring instrument arbitrarily can select；
4th, the error for effectively overcoming magnetic mineral to bring strike-dip survey；
5th, Radio Transmission Technology is adopted, measurement data and the incoming collecting device of diastimeter attitude data is calculated, is improve
Efficiency；
6th, the occurrence data in calculated geologic structure face automatically write data base.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of the method for the invention.
Fig. 2 is the sensor coordinates system schematic diagram being embedded in inside Android collecting devices of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention as front
Put and implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down
State embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, geologic structure face strike-dip survey method of the present invention, chooses noncontact according to field condition
Formula method for measurement and the hand-held Android collecting devices method for measurement of contact；The hand-held Android collecting devices bag of the contact
Mobile phone, panel computer are included,
The application method is carried out as steps described below：
The first step, survey station settlement is selected according to measuring field condition；Tested point to be considered and survey station settlement intervisibility situation, survey
Station rack sets the factors such as comfort level, and in the case where not affecting beam emissions and receiving, survey station point arbitrarily can be chosen；
Second step, diastimeter is placed on survey station point；
3rd step, by collecting device（The operation mobile phone of Android system, panel computer are such as：Samsung, Huawei, millet series）With range finding
Instrument（Hand-held laser rangefinder, such as：Come card D810）Carry out being wirelessly transferred connection；
4th step, the occurrence of startup collecting device measure interface, and rotation diastimeter makes measuring beam be incident upon three non-co- of structural plane
Line point A（a1、a2、a3)、B（b1、b2、b3）、C（c1、c2、c3）On, the plane to be measured being made up of described three non-collinear points A, B, C
Normal vector be set to, measurement data is reached into collecting device by wireless transmission method, the number that need to be transmitted
According to including：(i=1,2,3), the elevation angle is for just, the angle of depression is negative to the vertical rotary angle θ i of light beam；Feathering angle ψj（J=1,2,3）It is inverse
Clockwise for just, be clockwise it is negative, and measurement distance lk (k=1,2,3)；
5th step, the occurrence for calculating geologic structure face, including：Move towards γ, tendency β, inclination alpha；
Inclination alpha：
,
(α∈ [0,90° ])
Wherein：
Tendency β：
Wherein：
Work as v>When 0,0≤β '<180°；
Work as v<When 0,180 °≤β '≤360 °；
Work as u=0, during v=0, structural plane is horizontal plane；
As w=0, structural plane and horizontal plane；
In formula：u=a2b3+a3c2+b2c3-a3b2-a2c3-b3c2,
v=a3b1+a1c3+b3c1-a1b3-a3c1-b1c3, w=a1b2+a2c1+b1c2-a2b1-a1c2-b2c1；
Wherein：
On structural plane, 3 points of coordinate is A（a1、a2、a3)、B（b1、b2、b3）、C（c1、c2、c3）
Normal vector is set to
Move towards γ：
γ=β±90° (γ∈ [0,360° ])；
The hand-held Android collecting devices method for measurement of the contact is carried out as steps described below：
The first step, selection geologic structure face to be measured；
Second step, the collecting device back side is adjacent to into geological interface to be measured, and the rotating acquisition equipment in the case where being close to, is made
Its a certain edge level is obtained, occurrence design conditions are met；
3rd step, the occurrence for calculating structural plane to be measured；
Using the direction sensor being embedded in Android collecting devices, the sensor interface provided by Android kits is obtained
Taking equipment deflection a, i.e., the angle that Android collecting devices are rotated around z-axis；Inclination angle p, i.e., overturn in front and back, Android collections
The angle that equipment is tilted；When Android collecting devices are inclined around x-axis, the value changes；Anglec of rotation r, i.e. Android are gathered
Equipment or so overturns, and represents Android collecting devices along the roll angle of y-axis；As shown in figure 1, computing formula is as follows：
trend = azimuth +90 (|r|<1, p<0)
trend=azimuth (|p|<1, r<0)
Wherein, c is known magnetic declination, and azimuth is azimuth, and to move towards, strike is tendency to trend, and dip is inclination angle,
Last result is moved towards, is inclined in the range of 0-360, and inclination angle is in the range of 0-90；
4th step, the occurrence for obtaining geological object, including：Trend, tendency, inclination angle；
5th step, data are automatically filled in acquisition interface write into Databasce.
Contactless measurement operation principle of the present invention is summarized as follows：
Disposed come three non-collinear points in measurement structure face to diastimeter using the space ranging function of laser or infrared range-measurement system
The distance of point, while record stadia surveying light and deviate the level angle in magnetic north direction and deviate the vertical angle of horizontal plane,
The data of diastimeter are transferred to into Android collecting devices using Radio Transmission Technology, space vector and geometric projection is recycled
Relation simulates structural plane heeling condition, and then calculates inclination angle, tendency and the trend of structural plane.Advantage is can be to long distance
Strike-dip survey is carried out from, the structural plane that is difficult to contact, can effectively overcome what the magnetic field in working environment was brought to strike-dip survey
Interference effect, the occurrence for geologic structure measure the precision for providing more convenient measuring condition and Geng Gao, and its measurement is suitable for model
Enclose wide, easily realize.
Contact hand-held Android collecting device method for measurement operation principles of the present invention are summarized as follows：
By the built-in direction sensor awareness apparatus spatiality of itself of Android collecting devices, to measure when equipment is placed on
Geology dignity on when, attitude data will be collected, to the occurrence data for calculating tested surface.
The occurrence data that above two method is measured are automatically filled in data acquisition interface, and Jing technical staff's examination ＆ verification is saved into number
According to storehouse.
Android platform provides management geomagnetic field sensors（the geomagnetic field sensor）And direction
Sensor（the orientation sensor）Function, for judging the state of equipment；Wherein direction sensor is to be based on
Software, and its data are to be obtained by acceleration transducer and magnetic field sensor jointly, and specific algorithm Android puts down
Platform is packaged in system, is available for directly invoking.By the occurrence data that can be calculated collecting device, for measuring ground
The occurrence at matter interface.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of geologic structure face strike-dip survey method, chooses application method according to field condition and contact is hand-held
Android collecting device method for measurement；It is characterized in that：
The application method is carried out as steps described below：
The first step, survey station settlement is selected according to measuring field condition；
Second step, diastimeter is placed on survey station point；
3rd step, the collecting device and diastimeter are carried out being wirelessly transferred being connected；
4th step, the occurrence of startup collecting device measure interface, and rotation diastimeter makes measuring beam be incident upon three non-co- of structural plane
Line point A（a1、a2、a3)、B（b1、b2、b3）、C（c1、c2、c3）On, the plane to be measured being made up of described three non-collinear points A, B, C
Normal vector be set to；Measurement data is reached into collecting device by wireless transmission method, the data that need to be transmitted
Including：(i=1,2,3), the elevation angle is for just, the angle of depression is negative to the vertical rotary angle θ i of light beam；Feathering angle ψj（J=1,2,3）Inverse time
Pin direction for just, be clockwise it is negative, and measurement distance lk (k=1,2,3)；
5th step, the occurrence for calculating geologic structure face, including：Move towards γ, tendency β, inclination alpha；
Inclination alpha：
,
(α∈ [0,90°])
Wherein：
Tendency β：
Wherein：
Work as v>When 0,0≤β '<180°；
Work as v<When 0,180 °≤β '≤360 °；
Work as u=0, during v=0, structural plane is horizontal plane；
As w=0, structural plane and horizontal plane；
In formula：
u=a2b3+a3c2+b2c3-a3b2-a2c3-b3c2,
v=a3b1+a1c3+b3c1-a1b3-a3c1-b1c3,
w=a1b2+a2c1+b1c2-a2b1-a1c2-b2c1；
Wherein：
On structural plane, 3 points of coordinate is A（a1、a2、a3)、B（b1、b2、b3）、C（c1、c2、c3）；
Normal vector is set to；
Move towards γ：
γ=β±90° (γ∈ [0,360° ])；
The hand-held Android collecting devices method for measurement of the contact is carried out as steps described below：
The first step, selection geologic structure face to be measured；
Second step, the collecting device back side is adjacent to geological interface to be measured, and the rotating acquisition equipment in the case where being close to so that its
A certain edge level, meets occurrence design conditions；
3rd step, the occurrence for calculating structural plane to be measured；
Using the direction sensor being embedded in Android collecting devices, the sensor interface provided by Android kits is obtained
Taking equipment deflection a, i.e., the angle that Android collecting devices are rotated around z-axis；Inclination angle p, i.e., overturn in front and back, Android collections
The angle that equipment is tilted；When Android collecting devices are inclined around x-axis, the value changes；Anglec of rotation r, i.e. Android are gathered
Equipment or so overturns, and represents Android collecting devices along the roll angle of y-axis；Computing formula is as follows：
trend = azimuth +90 (|r|<1, p<0)
trend=azimuth (|p|<1, r<0)
Wherein, c is known magnetic declination, and azimuth is azimuth, and to move towards, strike is tendency to trend, and dip is inclination angle,
Last result is moved towards, is inclined in the range of 0-360, and inclination angle is in the range of 0-90；
4th step, the occurrence for obtaining geological object, including：Trend, tendency, inclination angle；
5th step, data are automatically filled in acquisition interface write into Databasce.
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| CN108508180A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-07 | 中国地震局地球物理勘探中心 | A kind of measurement method of the attitude of the construction face of latent planar structure |
| CN108692667A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-23 | 河南厚德电力科技有限公司 | The measurement method of concrete masonry arc-shaped surface radius and inclination angle of inclined plane |
| CN108709566A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江大学 | The device and method of digital close range photogrammetry parametric measurement and certificate authenticity |
| CN109376336A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-22 | 中国煤炭地质总局地球物理勘探研究院 | The calculation method and system of disconnected coal cross surface line occurrence |
| CN109738440A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-10 | 武汉大学 | A kind of ORIENTATION OF DISCONTINUITY IN ROCK MASS non-contact measurement method based on smart phone |
| CN110426742A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-08 | 浙江岩创科技有限公司 | The measurement method of structural plane occurrence |
| CN110469283A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-19 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of directional drilling rock core structure face occurrence calculation method |
| CN111504289A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-07 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Remote universal geological compass, equipment and storage medium |
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| CN107817529A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-20 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of vector method for determining ribbon induced polarization anomaly field source body attitude |
| CN108508180A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-07 | 中国地震局地球物理勘探中心 | A kind of measurement method of the attitude of the construction face of latent planar structure |
| CN108508180B (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2020-08-14 | 中国地震局地球物理勘探中心 | Method for measuring attitude element of structural surface of hidden planar structure |
| CN108709566A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江大学 | The device and method of digital close range photogrammetry parametric measurement and certificate authenticity |
| CN108692667A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-23 | 河南厚德电力科技有限公司 | The measurement method of concrete masonry arc-shaped surface radius and inclination angle of inclined plane |
| CN109376336A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-22 | 中国煤炭地质总局地球物理勘探研究院 | The calculation method and system of disconnected coal cross surface line occurrence |
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| CN109738440A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-10 | 武汉大学 | A kind of ORIENTATION OF DISCONTINUITY IN ROCK MASS non-contact measurement method based on smart phone |
| CN110426742A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-08 | 浙江岩创科技有限公司 | The measurement method of structural plane occurrence |
| CN110469283A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-19 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of directional drilling rock core structure face occurrence calculation method |
| CN110469283B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-07-02 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Directional drilling core structural surface attitude calculation method |
| CN111504289A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-07 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Remote universal geological compass, equipment and storage medium |
| RU2791080C2 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-03-02 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт горной геомеханики и маркшейдерского дела - Межотраслевой научный центр ВНИМИ" | Method for scaling images in photoplanimetric shooting of horizontal mine workings |
| CN113587913A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-02 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Electronic compass device capable of collecting occurrence data and measuring method |
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