CN106593393A - Method for improving permeability of broken and soft oil and gas reservoir - Google Patents

Method for improving permeability of broken and soft oil and gas reservoir Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106593393A
CN106593393A CN201611125603.XA CN201611125603A CN106593393A CN 106593393 A CN106593393 A CN 106593393A CN 201611125603 A CN201611125603 A CN 201611125603A CN 106593393 A CN106593393 A CN 106593393A
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oil
gas reservoir
fracturing
horizontal well
perforating
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CN201611125603.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁卫国
姜玉龙
武鹏飞
张小强
耿毅德
张传达
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Priority to CN201611125603.XA priority Critical patent/CN106593393A/en
Publication of CN106593393A publication Critical patent/CN106593393A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the permeability of a broken and soft oil and gas reservoir and belongs to the field of oil and gas field development. The method comprises the following steps that a vertical well is vertically-downwards dug from the ground to the position of 1-2 meters below the oil and gas reservoir, and a horizontal well is dug in the horizontal direction. Oriented perforating is conducted from an oil and gas reservoir base plate to the overlying oil and gas reservoir through an oriented perforating gun of the horizontal well, and afterwards fracturing fluid is pumped by a high pressure pump for fracturing the oil and gas reservoir. After fracturing, a seepage passage is formed under the supporting effect of a supporting agent on fracturing fractures, and thus the permeability of the oil and gas reservoir is improved. According to the method for improving the permeability of the broken and soft oil and gas reservoir, on the one hand, fracturing of the oil and gas reservoir and expanding of cracks are facilitated, the permeability of the reservoir is improved; and on the other hand, through the fracturing technology of perforating upwards, fractured rock debris is prone to being discharged from fracturing holes under the gravity effect of the rock debris, and thus the problem that direct fracturing and slag returning are difficult in a coal layer is solved. Meanwhile, through the fracturing technology of perforating upwards, the stress from a bottom rock layer to the upper portion oil and gas reservoir is in a progressively- decreasing state, and thus fracturing of the upper portion oil and gas reservoir is facilitated.

Description

A kind of method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability
Technical field
A kind of method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability of the present invention, belongs to oil-gas field development field, more particularly, to A kind of hypotonic oil and gas reservoir low to permeability, poor connectivity between filtrational resistance and hole, is gradually reduced using crustal stress, is easy to What upwards pressure break and crackle were expanded is oriented vertically upwardly the method that perforating technology improves permeability.
Technical background
For hypotonic oil and gas reservoir, this reservoir fracturing technology is usually taken to improve its permeability, so increase oil, Gas yield.But take this oil and gas reservoir pressure break often to be faced with many technical barriers, for example, ground extraction well is beaten not deeply, into sky It is difficult;Oil, the problems such as the gas extraction rate of decay is fast, these problems directly result in the production efficiency and oil-producing, tolerance of ground extraction.
At present, using by oil and gas reservoir basal bed, vertically upward pressure break oil and gas reservoir is a kind of fabulous method, not only The rate of recovery of resource can be improved, production efficiency is improved, and can directly solve what is faced due to the pressure break in this reservoir Drilling beat it is not deep, into airplane crash, the resource extraction rate of decay difficult problem such as soon.
However, be oriented vertically upwardly for perforating and fracturing technology using cross-layer position base plate, traditional this reservoir fracturing Particular technique difficult point is:
(1) ground extraction well beats not deep, pore-forming hardly possible.When 1. being drilled using waterpower rig, low intensity, broken soft oil and gas reservoir are met Water collapses hole, causes bit freezing even underground drilling accident.When 2. being drilled using wind-force drilling, system pressure is low, air quantity is unstable, causes depth Hole row's powder is difficult, and drilling is not entered.
(2) the ground well drainage oil and gas resource rate of decay is fast.1. the hole that easily occurs collapsing during negative pressure extraction is blocked up Plug.
Therefore, find out a kind of method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability to be significant.
At present in terms of broken consistent lubricant vapour resource permeability is improved, staged fracturing of horizontal well technology application is more, but for adopting The research for being oriented vertically upwardly perforating and fracturing technology with cross-layer position is little.For the low feature of permeability of oil and gas reservoir, can Obtain prior art such as Publication No.:A kind of " low permeability gas reservoirs staged fracturing of horizontal well effect judgement side of CN103046914A Method ", under application level well staged fracturing technical conditions, by gas production and open-flow capacity, density of earth formations, natural gamma, hole The isoparametric general of porosity, permeability selects comparative analysis, determines fracturing effect.This patent only to affect fracturing effect impact because Element carries out weight analysis, not to the aspect proposition technological improvement such as drilling well is difficult, the extraction rate of decay is fast in broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir, The broken software feature of oil and gas reservoir is also not yet considered simultaneously;For another example patent publication No. is:A kind of " hypotonic level of CN204163714U Well staged fracturing Coupled Flow experimental provision " simulates solid-liquid-three-phase fluid in crack by the equipment of laboratory research Percolation law, but this patent only consider be three-phase fluid after the seepage channel that hydrofracturing forms stable seepage flow rule Rule, does not consider that direct drilling fracturing pore-forming is difficult, easily collapse the difficult problems such as hole in broken consistent lubricant gas reservoir.
For another example " a kind of temporary plugging agent for staged fracturing of horizontal well and preparation method thereof " of Publication No. CN102199420A and " the staged fracturing of horizontal well hanging packer " of Publication No. CN204941433U, the only closure to each staged fracturing section are carried out Systematic research, is not illustrated to how to improve broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir.
For another example " a kind of anti-buried horizontal well staged fracturing tubular column ", the CN202788753U of Publication No. CN201908640U " sidetrack horizontal well staged fracturing pressure reduction sliding sleeve ", " a kind of horizontal well staged fracturing tubular column " of CN204877415U, only The technique of staged fracturing of horizontal well is improved, does not have involved to reservoir anatonosis aspect.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is:A kind of method for improving broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir permeability is provided, effectively Solve that ground extraction drilling well net horizontal section pressure break pore-forming in broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir is difficult, easily collapse hole, landwaste returns the skills such as row's difficulty An art difficult problem, while using perforating technology is oriented vertically upwardly, crustal stress is gradually reduced, is easy to the expansion of pressure break upwards and crackle.
A kind of method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability of the present invention, it is characterised in that be directed drilling and retrusive water The method of the raising Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability of horizontal well cross-layer position oriented perforating pressure break, is to solve above-mentioned technical problem, and the method is outstanding Its low to permeability, poor connectivity between filtrational resistance and hole hypotonic oil and gas reservoir, is gradually reduced using crustal stress, be easy to What upper pressure break and crackle were expanded is oriented vertically upwardly perforating technology, and concrete technical scheme is comprised the following steps:
(1) position of vertical shaft and deflecting well to target oil and gas reservoir lower section 1 ~ 2m of floor strata is bored from ground, to vertical shaft and deflecting Two sections of lower integral cannulas of well simultaneously carry out total length cement injection well cementation after wall;
(2) by vertical shaft and deflecting casing, rock mass bores level along orientation of principal stress below target oil and gas reservoir Well, depending on horizontal stress direction mineral deposit spread situation, horizontal well length is 800m;
(3) in vertical shaft, deflecting casing and new horizontal well drilling, directional perforating gun and segmented fracturing device, pressure break are installed Perforating gun is arranged in horizontal well front end, but ensures to stay apart from tail position and set more than or equal to directional perforating gun length Gap, and ensure the vertical oil and gas reservoir of perforation of directional perforating gun upwards, segmented fracturing device is laid along horizontal well total length.
By the directive oil and gas reservoir vertically upward of the perforating bullet in directional perforating gun, perforating bullet forms one in oil and gas reservoir The perforation tunnel of individual spatial shape.
Perforation gun back end packer is opened, fracturing fluid is pressed into from ground high pressure by the pipeline in segmented fracturing device, led to Cross perforation tunnel of the directional perforating gun in reservoir is carrying out pressure break to oil and gas reservoir.
In order to keep the crack for pressing off in open configuration, then clamp-oned with proppant into perforation tunnel by oil pipe (Usual quartz sand)Load fluid, on the other hand load fluid entered after crack, crack on the one hand can be made to continue to extend forward, The crack for having pressed off can be supported so as to be not closure.Followed by injection displacement fluid, load fluid is all replaced to enter and is split Seam, gets up to form complete seepage channel with quartz sand by fracture support.
Pressure break-level retrogressing-pressure break iterative cycles successively, until in target formation the horizontal well total length successively pressure break is complete Into because horizontal well is along orientation of principal stress, therefore the crack initiation of each staged fracturing and the expansion direction of crackle are being led It is interconnected on stress direction, and then plays the effect that pressure break is carried out to whole target oil and gas reservoir, anatonosis oil and gas reservoir.
The method of the broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir permeability of above-mentioned a kind of raising, it is characterised in that described method is by vertical The frac system of well, deflecting well and horizontal well construction.
The method of the broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir permeability of above-mentioned a kind of raising, it is characterised in that described horizontal well is arranged on In the floor strata of target oil and gas reservoir lower section, apart from the position of 1 ~ 2m of reservoir, and along the direction drilling well of maximum horizontal principal stress Horizontal well.
The method of the broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir permeability of above-mentioned a kind of raising, it is characterised in that described oriented perforating mode is It is shot through first behind the rock stratum of 1 ~ 2m by the directional perforating gun being arranged in the horizontal well in floor strata, thereafter in homed on its target oil Gas reservoir.
The method of the broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir permeability of above-mentioned a kind of raising, it is characterised in that described directional perforating gun is only Can perforation vertically upward, and can not perforation in other directions.
The method of the broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir permeability of above-mentioned a kind of raising, it is characterised in that adopt and be oriented vertically upwardly perforation Technology landwaste just can be entered in horizontal well in the presence of self gravitation, be easy to the row of returning of landwaste.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is employed, beneficial effects of the present invention or advantage are:
(1) using the standard of construction well in floor strata, with its in broken consistent lubricant gas reservoir comparatively speaking, it is to avoid the hole that collapses, The difficult problem such as collapse hole and pore-forming difficulty.
Horizontal well be along orientation of principal stress drilling well, the crackle that produces after pressure break and expand direction perpendicular to The direction of minimum principal stress, in minimum principal stress side network structure is upwardly formed, and increases the permeability of its broken consistent lubricant gas reservoir.
Because using perforating technology is oriented vertically upwardly, the crack initiation of crackle is related to the tensile strength of crustal stress, rock mass, In the case of tensile strength identical, crustal stress is gradually reduced, and is easy to the crack initiation of crackle and expands.
After being oriented vertically upwardly perforation and pressure break, landwaste just can be entered in horizontal well in the presence of self gravitation, profit In the row of returning of landwaste.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is directional perforating gun oriented perforating schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is fracturing fluid pressure break perforation tunnel schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is fracturing fluid pressure break perforation tunnel close-up schematic view
Fig. 4 is peupendicular hole generalized section
Fig. 5 is directional perforating gun schematic diagram
In figure:1-sleeve pipe;2-oil pipe;3-feeder;4-hanger;5-open hole packer;6-pressure reduction sliding sleeve;7— Pressure break nozzle for liquid;8-directional perforating gun pilot hole;9-circulating valve;10-packer;11-perforating gun;12-gun breech;13— Perforation tunnel;14-fracturing fracture;15-more than or equal to the distance of a directional perforating gun;16-lower rock stratum;17-oil gas Reservoir;18-overlying rock;19-take sand fracturing fluid;20-former directional perforating gun position;21-perforating gun front end reserved location; 22-cement;23-pressure shedding motion;24-full path detonating primer.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
A kind of method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability, comprises the steps:
Step one, from ground the position of vertical shaft and deflecting well to target oil and gas reservoir lower section floor strata 2m is bored, to vertical shaft with make Two sections of lower integral cannulas of inclined shaft simultaneously carry out total length cement injection well cementation after wall;
Step 2, by vertical shaft and deflecting casing, rock mass is bored along orientation of principal stress below target oil and gas reservoir Horizontal well, depending on horizontal stress direction mineral deposit spread situation, horizontal well length is 800m;
Step 3, as shown in figure 1, directional perforating gun and segmented fracturing device are transferred to net horizontal section afterbody, but apart from afterbody Leave at the position more than or equal to a directional perforating gun position.Directional perforating gun is adjusted using directional perforating gun pilot hole Position, it is ensured that the vertical oil and gas reservoir of perforating site is upwards;
Step 4, as shown in figure 1, after perforating gun is fixed with segmented fracturing device, packer 10 is opened, by directional perforating gun Perforating bullet is oriented vertically upwardly perforation;
Step 5, as shown in Fig. 2 after oriented perforating, packer 10, reach directional perforating gun and segmented fracturing device are opened, will Segmented fracturing device moves to oriented perforating position in Fig. 1, and ensures that the pressure break nozzle for liquid 7 in segmented fracturing device moves to orientation and penetrates Hole location;
Step 6, closes packer 10, closes open hole packer 5, sand fracturing fluid is taken by the press-in of the high pressure of oil pipe 2, by pressure break Nozzle for liquid 7 is pressed in oriented perforating.Pressure break for a period of time after, by oil pipe injection for squeeze liquid sand is pressed in crack, And then form complete seepage channel;
Step 7, after first paragraph deep hole pressure break, opens packer 10, opens open hole packer 5, withdraws directional perforating gun with segmentation Fracturing device, after withdrawing directional perforating gun distance, repeat step 4, five, six, and then whole horizontal well is completed point Section deep hole pressure break, completes the broken consistent lubricant vapour reservoir of anatonosis, improves the permeability of its reservoir.
Embodiment 2
The position of vertical shaft and deflecting well to target oil and gas reservoir lower section floor strata 1m is bored from ground, horizontal well length is 600m, Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The position of vertical shaft and deflecting well to target oil and gas reservoir lower section floor strata 1.5m is bored from ground, horizontal well length is 700m, other are with embodiment 1.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability, it is characterised in that be a kind of directed drilling and retrusive horizontal well The method of the raising Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability of cross-layer position oriented perforating pressure break, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
From ground vertical shaft is dug with deflecting well up at 1 ~ 2m of target oil and gas reservoir lower section, to overall under two sections of vertical shaft and horizontal well Sleeve pipe simultaneously carries out total length cement injection well cementation after wall, by vertical shaft and deflecting casing, the drilling well horizontal well in target formation, water Horizontal well length is 600 ~ 800m, and by vertical shaft, deflecting casing and new horizontal well drilling directional fracturing perforating gun (8), perforation are transferred Rifle position is put and is arranged in horizontal well front end, but distance most afterbody remains with the distance of a directional perforating gun, and ensures that orientation is penetrated Hole vertically upward, by entering oriented perforating bullet under vertical shaft, deflecting casing and new horizontal well drilling to directional perforating gun (8), together Shi Kaiqi packers (7), are oriented perforation, and by vertical shaft, deflecting casing and new horizontal well drilling high pressure fracturing fluid is pumped into, Packer (7) and circulating valve (6) are opened, fracturing fluid is entered in oriented perforating, and then first paragraph horizontal well oriented perforating pressure break; Leading portion packer in horizontal well is then turned off, after loading oriented perforating snaps into row oriented perforating, high pressure pumps into fracturing fluid, pressure break Second segment;Segmentation oriented perforating pressure break is implemented to horizontal well by the continuous perforating gun for retreating, and then improves oil and gas reservoir infiltration Rate.
2. the method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described raising oil Gas reservoir permeability is the method from perforating and fracturing oil and gas reservoir vertically upward in the rock stratum of oil and gas reservoir base plate lower section.
3. the method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described technical side Case (1) need to beat peupendicular hole by ground, until drilling well is built in the horizontal direction at position at the 1 ~ 2m of base plate of oil and gas reservoir lower section Horizontal well.
4. the method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described horizontal well Refer to the orientation of principal stress drilling of target formation along nearly horizontal direction spread.
5. the method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The oriented perforating The rifle hole (8) of rifle needs vertical oil and gas reservoir, and can reach the effect of perforation vertically upward.
6. the method for improving broken soft Hydrocarbon Reservoir Permeability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described first perforation Afterwards pressure break must assure that perforating gun front position still retains the space of a directional perforating gun, it is ensured that after perforation, and move forward perforating gun, Carry out pressure break.
CN201611125603.XA 2016-12-09 2016-12-09 Method for improving permeability of broken and soft oil and gas reservoir Pending CN106593393A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318673A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Radially horizontal well exploits shale oil method between salt
CN110924898A (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-27 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Coal seam stress release device and method
CN112761588A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-07 中国矿业大学 Shale reservoir methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing and combustion improver safe feeding cooperative control method
CN112883661A (en) * 2021-01-30 2021-06-01 太原理工大学 Fracturing simulation method for broken soft low-permeability oil and gas reservoir
CN114542043A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-05-27 太原理工大学 Method and device for optimizing and improving rock stratum fracturing permeability based on fracturing fluid viscosity

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CN103967472A (en) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 Horizontal well forced gas drainage method with coal bed gas subjected to staged fracturing
CN104863562A (en) * 2015-05-12 2015-08-26 山西蓝焰煤层气集团有限责任公司 Broken and soft low-permeability coal bed horizontal well staged fracturing technology

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US5515923A (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-05-14 Loree; Dwight N. Oil and gas well productivity
US20050247447A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-10 Spring Roger L Angled perforating device for well completions
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318673A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Radially horizontal well exploits shale oil method between salt
CN110924898A (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-27 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Coal seam stress release device and method
CN110924898B (en) * 2018-09-19 2022-05-06 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Coal seam stress release device and method
CN112761588A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-07 中国矿业大学 Shale reservoir methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing and combustion improver safe feeding cooperative control method
CN112761588B (en) * 2021-01-22 2022-02-08 中国矿业大学 Shale reservoir methane in-situ combustion-explosion fracturing and combustion improver safe feeding cooperative control method
CN112883661A (en) * 2021-01-30 2021-06-01 太原理工大学 Fracturing simulation method for broken soft low-permeability oil and gas reservoir
CN114542043A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-05-27 太原理工大学 Method and device for optimizing and improving rock stratum fracturing permeability based on fracturing fluid viscosity
CN114542043B (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-08-12 太原理工大学 Method and device for optimizing and improving rock stratum fracturing permeability based on fracturing fluid viscosity

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