CN106592797A - 一种建筑用外墙保温板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种建筑用外墙保温板，包括酚醛泡沫板，所述的酚醛泡沫板表面复合一层聚合物砂浆以及玻璃纤维网格布，聚合物砂浆及网格布在酚醛泡沫表面的复合过程在工程一次预制成型；所述的酚醛泡沫板由以下质量份组分通过发泡固化得到：异氰酸酯110‑140份、碳酸钙5‑8份、聚乙二醇0.5‑1.5份、异氰酸酯30‑50份、Tween‑80 3‑5份和废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝20‑40份。本发明克服了现有技术的不足，由于酚醛泡沫表面而复合了一层聚合物砂浆及网格布，所以复合板的整体抗压抗折性能都得到了极大的改善，弥补了单体酚醛泡沫板的脆性，也就更易施工。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温材料技术领域，具体属于一种建筑用外墙保温板。
背景技术
目前建筑用能源占世界能源总消耗的比例很大，约27％左右，外墙保温材料的使用可以节约巨大的能量并减少CO2的排放量，从此角度上而言，外墙外保温材料可称为绿色能源。在建筑业中使用保温材料已经成为节约能源的最佳方法之一。对于能源紧张的今天，开发综合性能良好的外墙保温材料迫在眉睫，还有目前我国汽车保有量不断增加，废弃的旧轮胎越来越多，而这些废旧的轮胎处理，就要消耗很多资源，现有废旧轮胎利用率较低，其实废旧轮胎还有很大的利用价值没有发挥，在我国外墙保温材料市场上，EPS(聚苯乙烯泡沫)、XPS(挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫)以及聚氨酯泡沫板应用最广。但是这几种材料作为墙体保温材料也具有不可回避的缺点，即它们的燃烧等级均为B级，为可燃材料，安全性不佳。通常民用保温材料应使用A级不燃性材料，然而就目前市场上看，A级保温材料只有玻璃棉、岩棉板、泡沫玻璃、玻化微珠几种，其保温材料耐湿性较差，使用效果不理，在长时间使用发现保温材料机械性能较差，大大限制其使用范围。
还有现有外墙保温施工比较好方法是用粘贴砂浆填充不平整的基面，然后在板体穿锚固钉往墙基固定。这种方法虽然有一定的效果，但并不是理想的施工方法，在保温板与墙体基面之间留下的空鼓或虚贴必定是一种安全隐患。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供了一种建筑用外墙保温板，克服了现有技术的不足，由于酚醛泡沫表面而复合了一层聚合物砂浆及网格布，所以复合板的整体抗压抗折性能都得到了极大的改善，弥补了单体酚醛泡沫板的脆性，也就更易施工。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种建筑用外墙保温板，包括酚醛泡沫板，所述的酚醛泡沫板表面复合一层聚合物砂浆以及玻璃纤维网格布，聚合物砂浆及网格布在酚醛泡沫表面的复合过程在工程一次预制成型；所述的酚醛泡沫板由以下质量份组分通过发泡固化得到：异氰酸酯110-140份、碳酸钙5-8份、聚乙二醇0.5-1.5份、异氰酸酯30-50份、Tween-803-5份和废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝20-40份。
所述的异氰酸酯120份、碳酸钙6份、聚乙二醇1份、异氰酸酯40份、Tween-804份、废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝30份。
所述的异氰酸酯通过酚羟基和羟甲基的化学反应接枝上柔性链而得到。
所述的异氰酸酯部分可有糠醇与糠醛树脂和酚醛树脂并用。
所述的发泡剂为发泡剂F11、F113混合物15份。
所述的发泡剂F11、F113混合质量配比5/10。
酚醛泡沫板的制备方法，将异氰酸酯、碳酸钙、聚乙二醇、异氰酸酯、Tween-80、废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝、玻璃纤维、发泡剂混合均匀后，装入模具中，在室温下固化2h，发泡固化成型，在户外放置24小时，相对湿度为98％。
本发明施工方法，先基层墙体清理找平然后进行粘贴保温板-钻孔、上锚固件-抹面层聚合物砂浆-饰面层，此种方法需要解决的是保温板板缝的裂缝问题。
与已有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明由于酚醛泡沫表面而复合了一层聚合物砂浆及网格布，所以复合板的整体抗压抗折性能都得到了极大的改善，弥补了单体酚醛泡沫板的脆性，也就更易施工；使用粘结筋不但确保保温板的粘贴面平整和不出空鼓，同时还增加了保温层厚度，产生了找平和隔热的双重效果；本发明施工方法合理科学，易于操作，解决了保温板在施工中的大问题，提高了工作效率；酚醛泡沫板通过合理配制，在配方中添加聚乙二醇，聚乙二醇中的-OH可能与树脂中的-OH结合，形成部分氢键，使树脂中导入长的柔性醚链，从而增强其产品韧性，使其具有良好机械能行，可以广泛应用于航空、航天等诸多领域，适合大规模的推广应用。
具体实施方式
一种建筑用外墙保温板，包括酚醛泡沫板，所述的酚醛泡沫板表面复合一层聚合物砂浆以及玻璃纤维网格布，聚合物砂浆及网格布在酚醛泡沫表面的复合过程在工程一次预制成型；所述的酚醛泡沫板由以下质量份组分通过发泡固化得到：异氰酸酯120份、碳酸钙6份、聚乙二醇1份、异氰酸酯40份、Tween-804份、废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝30份；所述的异氰酸酯通过酚羟基和羟甲基的化学反应接枝上柔性链而得到，异氰酸酯部分可有糠醇与糠醛树脂和酚醛树脂并用，所述的发泡剂为发泡剂F11、F113混合物15份，所述的发泡剂F11、F113混合质量配比5/10。
酚醛泡沫板的制备方法，将异氰酸酯、碳酸钙、聚乙二醇、异氰酸酯、Tween-80、废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝、玻璃纤维、发泡剂混合均匀后，装入模具中，在室温下固化2h，发泡固化成型，在户外放置24小时，相对湿度为98％。
本发明施工方法，先基层墙体清理找平然后进行粘贴保温板-钻孔、上锚固件-抹面层聚合物砂浆-饰面层，此种方法需要解决的是保温板板缝的裂缝问题。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (6)
1.一种建筑用外墙保温板，包括酚醛泡沫板，其特征在于，所述的酚醛泡沫板表面复合一层聚合物砂浆以及玻璃纤维网格布，聚合物砂浆及网格布在酚醛泡沫表面的复合过程在工程一次预制成型；所述的酚醛泡沫板由以下质量份组分通过发泡固化得到：异氰酸酯110-140份、碳酸钙5-8份、聚乙二醇0.5-1.5份、异氰酸酯30-50份、Tween-803-5份和废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝20-40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的建筑用外墙保温板，其特征在于：所述的异氰酸酯120份、碳酸钙6份、聚乙二醇1份、异氰酸酯40份、Tween-804份、废弃汽车轮胎尼龙丝30份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的建筑用外墙保温板，其特征在于：所述的异氰酸酯通过酚羟基和羟甲基的化学反应接枝上柔性链而得到。
4.根据权利要求3所述的建筑用外墙保温板，其特征在于：所述的异氰酸酯部分可有糠醇与糠醛树脂和酚醛树脂并用。
5.根据权利要求3所述的建筑用外墙保温板，其特征在于：所述的发泡剂为发泡剂F11、F113混合物15份。
6.根据权利要求4所述的建筑用外墙保温板，其特征在于：所述的发泡剂F11、F113混合质量配比5/10。
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