CN106585310B - The contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non- - Google Patents
The contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non- Download PDFInfo
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- CN106585310B CN106585310B CN201710023251.5A CN201710023251A CN106585310B CN 106585310 B CN106585310 B CN 106585310B CN 201710023251 A CN201710023251 A CN 201710023251A CN 106585310 B CN106585310 B CN 106585310B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the contact load matched design methods for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, belong to suspension leaf spring technical field.The present invention can be clamped according to the structural parameters of each main spring and auxiliary spring, U-bolts away from, rated load and allowable stress, and under the premise of ensuring main spring stress intensity, the contact load of the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula optimizes matched design.By model machine load deflection and rigidity and stress test are tested, the matched design method for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring contact loads such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non-is correct, and reliable technical foundation has been established for the design for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-.Reliable contact load design value can be obtained using this method, under the premise of meeting main spring stress intensity, improve vehicle ride performance；Meanwhile product design and testing expenses are reduced, accelerate product development speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the contacts for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf spring such as vehicle suspension leaf spring, especially two-stage auxiliary spring formula be non-
Loaded matching design method.
Background technology
In order to improve the design requirement of ride performance of the vehicle under rated load, it is rigid that two-stage auxiliary spring formula gradual change can be used
Leaf spring is spent, simultaneously as the restriction of acceptor's spring intensity, usually passes through main spring initial tangential camber, first order auxiliary spring and the second level
Auxiliary spring initial tangential camber and two-stage gradual change gap, make auxiliary spring suitably undertake load in advance, to reduce main spring stress, i.e. two-stage
Auxiliary spring formula is using the offset frequencys type progressive rate plate spring suspension brackets such as non-, wherein contact load is not only to rigidity of plate spring characteristic, suspension offset frequency
And vehicle ride performance has an impact, and stress intensity, reliability and service life and vehicle safety are influenced, together
When, the matched design and two-stage auxiliary spring formula progressive rate leaf spring design premises of contact load.
However, due to being restricted by root lap equivalent thickness and main spring root maximum stress, previously failed always
The contact load matched design method for providing the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, is mostly to be determined by rule of thumb,
It is thus impossible to meet the requirements at the higher level that Vehicle Industry is fast-developing and is proposed to bearing spring.With Vehicle Speed and
Its continuous improvement required ride comfort proposes requirements at the higher level, therefore, it is necessary to establish a kind of essence to progressive rate plate spring suspension brackets
The contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as really, reliable two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-is that two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-etc.
Reliable technical foundation is established in the design of offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring, meets Vehicle Industry fast development, vehicle ride performance
And the design requirement to progressive rate leaf spring, improve design level, the production of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-
Quality and performance and vehicle ride performance and safety；Meanwhile design and testing expenses are reduced, accelerate product development speed
Degree.
Invention content
Defect present in for the above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide it is a kind of it is easy,
The contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as reliable two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, design cycle are as shown in Figure 1.Two
The half symmetrical structure of the grade offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as auxiliary spring formula is non-is as shown in Fig. 2, be by main spring 1,2 and of first order auxiliary spring
Second level auxiliary spring 3 forms.Using two-stage auxiliary spring, set between main spring and first order auxiliary spring and first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring
There is two-stage gradual change gap deltaMA1And δA12, to improve the vehicle ride performance under rated load；In order to ensure meeting main spring stress
Requirement of strength design, first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring suitably undertake load in advance, and suspension gradual change load offset frequency is unequal, i.e.,
Leaf spring is designed as the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-.The half total span of progressive rate leaf spring is equal to the half of first main spring
Action length L1T, U-bolts clamp away from half be L0, width b, elasticity modulus E.The piece number of main spring 1 be n, i-th
The main spring thickness of main spring is hi, half action length is LiT, half clamping length Li=LiT-L0/ 2, i=1,2 ..., n.First
Grade auxiliary spring the piece number is m1, each thickness of first order auxiliary spring is hA1j, half action length is LA1jT, half clamping length LA1j=
LA1jT-L0/ 2, j=1,2 ..., m1.Second level auxiliary spring the piece number is m2, each thickness of second level auxiliary spring is hA2k, half effect length
Degree is LA2kT, half clamping length LA2k=LA2kT-L0/ 2, k=1,2 ..., m2.Pass through main spring and first order auxiliary spring and the second level
Auxiliary spring initial tangential camber, it is ensured that meet the 1st time and start contact load Pk1, start contact load P the 2nd timek2, connect completely the 2nd time
Touch load pw2, progressive rate KkwP1And KkwP2And the design requirement of main spring stress intensity.According to the structure of each main spring and auxiliary spring
Parameter, U-bolts are clamped away from, rated load and allowable stress, under the premise of ensuring main spring stress intensity, to two-stage auxiliary spring
The contact load for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as formula is non-optimizes matched design.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the contact for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non-
Loaded matching design method, it is characterised in that use following design procedure：
(1) the root lap equivalent thickness h of main spring and main spring and first order auxiliary spring and major-minor springMe、hMA1eAnd hMAe's
It calculates：
According to main reed number n, the thickness h of each main springi, i=1,2 ..., n；First order auxiliary spring the piece number m1, first order pair
Each thickness h of springA1j, j=1,2 ..., m1；Second level auxiliary spring the piece number m2, each thickness h of second level auxiliary springA2k, k=1,
2,...,m2；To the root lap equivalent thickness h of main springMe, the equivalent thickness of root lap of main spring and first order auxiliary spring
Spend hMA1eAnd the root lap equivalent thickness h of major-minor springMAeIt is respectively calculated, i.e.,
(2) the 1st time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk1Matched design：
Step A：The thickness h of main spring maximum gauge leaf springmaxDetermination
According to main reed number n, the thickness h of each main springi, i=1,2 ..., n；Determine the thickness of main spring maximum gauge leaf spring
Spend hmax, i.e.,
hmax=max (hi), i=1,2 ..., n；
Step B：Maximum 1st beginning contact load Pk1maxCalculating
According to the width b, rated load P of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-N, allowable stress [σ]；The
The half clamping length L of 1 main spring1, the h that is calculated in step (1)Me、hMA1eAnd hMAeAnd identified h in step Amax,
Start contact load P with maximum 1st timek1maxFor parameter, establish about the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-
Maximum the 1st time start contact load Pk1maxEquation, i.e.,
Using Matlab calculation procedures, above formula equation is solved, maximum 1st time can be obtained and start contact load Pk1max；
Step C：1st beginning contact load Pk1Optimized Matching design
According to unloaded load p0, P that step B is calculatedk1max, the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula
Start contact load P the 1st timek1Matched design is optimized, i.e.,
Pk1=P0+0.618(Pk1max-P0)；
(3) the 2nd full contact load p of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-w2Matched design：
According to rated load PNAnd the P that Optimized Matching designs in step (2)k1, the offset frequencys type such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula
2nd full contact load p of progressive rate leaf springw2Matched design is carried out, i.e.,
(4) the 2nd time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk2Matched design：
According to the P that Optimized Matching designs in step (2)k1And the P that matched design obtains in step (3)w2, to two-stage
The 2nd time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk2Matched design is carried out, i.e.,
The present invention has the advantage that than the prior art
Due to by root lap equivalent thickness and main spring root maximum stress calculating restricted, previously failed always to
The contact load matched design method for going out the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, is mostly to be determined by rule of thumb, because
This, cannot meet the requirements at the higher level that Vehicle Industry is fast-developing and is proposed to bearing spring.The present invention can be according to each main spring
With the structural parameters of auxiliary spring, U-bolts clamp away from, allowable stress, rated load it is given in the case of, in main spring root, maximum is answered
On the basis of power and maximum 1st contact load analysis calculate, the contact of the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula
Load optimizes matched design.It is tested it is found that two-stage provided by the present invention by the amount of deflection, rigidity and stress test of model machine
The matched design method for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring contact loads such as auxiliary spring formula is non-is correct, is the offset frequencys such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-
Reliable technical foundation has been established in the design of type progressive rate leaf spring.Reliable contact load can be obtained using this method to design
Value, not only meets the stress intensity design requirement for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, but also vehicle can be improved
The design requirement of ride performance and safety；Meanwhile the level of product design, Performance And Reliability also can be improved, it reduces
Product design and experimental test take, and accelerate product development speed.
Description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the contact load matched design flow chart for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-；
Fig. 2 is the half symmetrical structure schematic diagram for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment：The width b=63mm for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as certain two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, U-bolts clamp away from
Half L0=50mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, rated load PN=7227N, allowable stress [σ]=430MPa.Main reed
Number n=3 pieces, the thickness h of each main spring1=h2=h3=8mm, half action length are respectively L1T=525mm, L2T=450mm,
L3T=350mm；The half clamping length of each main spring is respectively L1=L1T-L0/ 2=500mm, L2=L2T-L0/ 2=425mm, L3
=L3T-L0/ 2=325mm.The piece number m of first order auxiliary spring1=1, thickness hA11=13mm, half action length are LA11T=
250mm, half clamping length are LA11=LA11T-L0/ 2=225mm.The piece number m of second level auxiliary spring2=1, thickness hA21=13mm,
Half action length is LA21T=150mm, half clamping length are LA12=LA21T-L0/ 2=125mm.According to the knot of each leaf spring
Structure parameter, U-bolts are clamped away from, rated load and allowable stress, the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to the two-stage auxiliary spring formula
Contact load carries out matched design.
The contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula that present example is provided is non-,
Its design cycle is as shown in Figure 1, specific design procedure is as follows：
(1) the root lap equivalent thickness h of main spring and main spring and first order auxiliary spring and major-minor springMe、hMA1eAnd hMAe's
It calculates：
According to main reed number n=3, the thickness h of each main spring1=h2=h3=8mm；First order auxiliary spring the piece number m1=1, it is thick
Spend hA11=13mm；Second level auxiliary spring the piece number m2=1, thickness hA21=13mm, to the root lap equivalent thickness h of main springMe,
The root lap equivalent thickness h of main spring and first order auxiliary springMA1eAnd the root lap equivalent thickness h of major-minor springMAe
It is respectively calculated, i.e.,
(2) the 1st time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk1Optimized Matching set
Meter
Step A：The thickness h of main spring maximum gauge leaf springmaxDetermination
According to main reed number n=3, each main spring thickness h1=h2=h3=8mm determines the maximum gauge steel plate bullet of main spring
The thickness h of springmax, i.e.,
hmax=max (h1,h2,h3)=8mm；
Step B：Maximum 1st beginning contact load Pk1maxCalculating
According to the width b=63mm, rated load P of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-N=7227N,
Allowable stress [σ]=430MPa；The half clamping length L of first main spring1=500mm, identified h in step Amax=8mm,
And the h being calculated in step (1)Me=11.5mm, hMA1e=15.5mm and hMAe=18.1mm starts to contact with maximum 1st time
Load pk1maxFor parameter, establishes maximum 1st time and start contact load Pk1maxEquation, i.e.,
Using Matlab calculation procedures, above formula equation is solved, it is rigid that the offset frequencys type gradual changes such as the two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-can be obtained
Spend the 1st beginning contact load P of maximum of leaf springk1max=1995N；
Step C：1st beginning contact load Pk1Optimized Matching design
According to unloaded load p0=1715N, the P that step B is calculatedk1max=1995N, it is non-to the two-stage auxiliary spring formula equal inclined
The 1st time of frequency type progressive rate leaf spring starts contact load Pk1Matched design is optimized, i.e.,
Pk1=P0+0.618(Pk1max-P0)=1888N.
(3) the 2nd full contact load p of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-w2Matched design：
According to rated load PN=7227N, the P that Optimized Matching designs in step (2)k1=1888N, to the two-stage pair
2nd full contact load p of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as spring formula is non-w2Matched design is carried out, i.e.,
(4) the 2nd time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk2Matched design：
According to the P that matched design obtains in step (2)k1The P that matched design obtains in=1888N and step (3)w2=
The 2nd time of 3694.2N, the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to the two-stage auxiliary spring formula starts contact load Pk2Matching is carried out to set
Meter, i.e.,
Therefore, the unloaded load p for the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as the two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-0, rated load PNAnd matching
Design obtained Pk1、Pk2And Pw2Concrete numerical value, as shown in table 1 below.
The first-order gradient stiffness steel plate spring of table 1 concrete numerical value loaded and contact load
By model machine load deflection and rigidity and stress test test it is found that two-stage auxiliary spring formula provided by the present invention is non-etc.
The matched design method of offset frequency type progressive rate leaf spring contact load is correct, is the offset frequencys type progressive rates such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-
Reliable technical foundation has been established in the design of leaf spring.Reliable contact load design value can be obtained using this method, meeting two
On the basis of the grade offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring stress intensity such as auxiliary spring formula is non-, the level of product design, performance and reliable are improved
Property and vehicle ride performance and safety；Meanwhile product design and test fee are reduced, accelerate product development speed.
Claims (1)
1. the contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-, wherein each leaf spring is with center
Mounting hole symmetrical structure, installation clamp away from half be U-bolts clamp away from half；Auxiliary spring is designed as two-stage auxiliary spring,
It is flat to improve the vehicle traveling under rated load by the initial tangential camber and two-stage gradual change gap of main spring and two-stage auxiliary spring
It is pliable；Meanwhile in order to ensure meeting main spring stress intensity design requirement, first order auxiliary spring and second level auxiliary spring suitably undertake in advance
The offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as load, suspension gradual change load offset frequency is unequal, i.e., two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-；In the knot of each leaf spring
Structure parameter, U-bolts clamp away from, allowable stress, rated load it is given in the case of, the offset frequencys gradual change such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula is rigid
The contact load for spending leaf spring carries out matched design, and specific design procedure is as follows：
(1) the root lap equivalent thickness h of main spring and main spring and first order auxiliary spring and major-minor springMe、hMA1eAnd hMAeMeter
It calculates：
According to main reed number n, the thickness h of each main springi, i=1,2 ..., n；First order auxiliary spring the piece number m1, first order auxiliary spring
Each thickness hA1j, j=1,2 ..., m1；Second level auxiliary spring the piece number m2, each thickness h of second level auxiliary springA2k, k=1,2 ...,
m2；To the root lap equivalent thickness h of main springMe, the root lap equivalent thickness h of main spring and first order auxiliary springMA1e、
And the root lap equivalent thickness h of major-minor springMAeIt is respectively calculated, i.e.,
(2) the 1st time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk1Matched design：
Step A：The thickness h of main spring maximum gauge leaf springmaxDetermination
According to main reed number n, the thickness h of each main springi, i=1,2 ..., n；Determine the thickness h of main spring maximum gauge leaf springmax,
I.e.
hmax=max (hi), i=1,2 ..., n；
Step B：Maximum 1st beginning contact load Pk1maxCalculating
According to the width b, rated load P of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-N, allowable stress [σ]；1st master
The half clamping length L of spring1, the h that is calculated in step (1)Me、hMA1eAnd hMAeAnd identified h in step Amax, with most
Big 1st beginning contact load Pk1maxFor parameter, establish about the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-most
Big 1st beginning contact load Pk1maxEquation, i.e.,
Using Matlab calculation procedures, above formula equation is solved, maximum 1st time can be obtained and start contact load Pk1max；
Step C：1st beginning contact load Pk1Optimized Matching design
According to unloaded load p0, P that step B is calculatedk1max, the of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf spring such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula
1 beginning contact load Pk1Matched design is optimized, i.e.,
Pk1=P0+0.618(Pk1max-P0)；
(3) the 2nd full contact load p of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-w2Matched design：
According to rated load PNAnd the P that Optimized Matching designs in step (2)k1, the offset frequencys type gradual change such as non-to two-stage auxiliary spring formula
2nd full contact load p of rigidity leaf springw2Matched design is carried out, i.e.,
(4) the 2nd time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non-starts contact load Pk2Matched design：
According to the P that Optimized Matching designs in step (2)k1And the P that matched design obtains in step (3)w2, to two-stage auxiliary spring
The 2nd time of the offset frequencys type progressive rate leaf springs such as formula is non-starts contact load Pk2Matched design is carried out, i.e.,
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| CN201710023251.5A CN106585310B (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | The contact load matched design method for the offset frequencys progressive rate leaf springs such as two-stage auxiliary spring formula is non- |
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| JPH11193843A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-21 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Clip fastening structure of leaf spring and tilting clip with cushion |
| CN101866378A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-10-20 | 淮阴工学院 | Method for solving rigidity of plate spring by using automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical system (ADAMS) |
| CN201694015U (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-01-05 | 陕西同力重工股份有限公司 | Front suspension device of primary and secondary double-plate spring structure |
| CN102734364A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 山东理工大学 | Analytical design method of camber and surface shape of automobile plate spring |
| CN204477146U (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-07-15 | 成都客车股份有限公司 | The offset frequency composite spring structures such as variation rigidity |
| CN105526290A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-04-27 | 周长城 | Method for designing gaps of end straight sections of diagonal few-leaf main springs and auxiliary springs |
-
2017
- 2017-01-12 CN CN201710023251.5A patent/CN106585310B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11193843A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-07-21 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Clip fastening structure of leaf spring and tilting clip with cushion |
| CN201694015U (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-01-05 | 陕西同力重工股份有限公司 | Front suspension device of primary and secondary double-plate spring structure |
| CN101866378A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-10-20 | 淮阴工学院 | Method for solving rigidity of plate spring by using automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical system (ADAMS) |
| CN102734364A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 山东理工大学 | Analytical design method of camber and surface shape of automobile plate spring |
| CN204477146U (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-07-15 | 成都客车股份有限公司 | The offset frequency composite spring structures such as variation rigidity |
| CN105526290A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-04-27 | 周长城 | Method for designing gaps of end straight sections of diagonal few-leaf main springs and auxiliary springs |
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