CN106583889B - Carry the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation of acetone cleaning device - Google Patents
Carry the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation of acetone cleaning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106583889B CN106583889B CN201611158968.2A CN201611158968A CN106583889B CN 106583889 B CN106583889 B CN 106583889B CN 201611158968 A CN201611158968 A CN 201611158968A CN 106583889 B CN106583889 B CN 106583889B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/09—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
- B23K9/091—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits
- B23K9/092—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits characterised by the shape of the pulses produced
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/09—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
- B23K9/091—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits
- B23K9/093—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits the frequency of the pulses produced being modulatable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
- B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to mechanical cleanings and welding equipment, and in particular to carries the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation of acetone cleaning device, which is made of weldment, electric arc, ejecting gun, electric-heating air blower, inert gas duct, CCD camera etc.；The cathode of the power cabinet and control system is connected by welding wire with weldment, the power cabinet and control system is two superimposed pulses, the CCD camera is Color CCD camera, and pixel is between 250,000~280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；Molten bath, welding wire, weld seam situation substantially increase the weldquality of aluminium alloy to adjust the parameters such as pulse current, welding gun forward speed in time when apparatus of the present invention have used CCD camera monitoring aluminium alloy thick plate welding.Acetone jet cleaning is used before welding, weld joint mechanical intensity is high, is applicable to precision machinery manufacturing and the very high aluminum alloy piping welding occasion of welding requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical cleanings and welding equipment, and in particular to carries the aluminium alloy of the automation of acetone cleaning device
Plate welding equipment.
Background technique
It is well known that the welding of aluminium alloy and general carbon steel, the welding of stainless steel etc. is different, has many problems to need to solve
Certainly.Feature and welding difficulty of the present invention from aluminum alloy materials in welding, are asked to solve the weld strength of aluminium alloy
Topic.Aluminum alloy heat conductance is very big, about 2 to 4 times of steel, while heat resistance is very poor, the general equal non-refractory of aluminium alloy, expansion
Coefficient is big, is easy to produce welding deformation, weld crack tendency it is also obvious that and thinner aluminum alloy plate materials be more difficult to weld, hold
Easy burn-through.Stomata is easily generated in aluminum alloy piping welding, is just led since the hydrogen in molten bath cannot be discharged before appearance of weld
Cause in weld seam that there are stomatas.Aluminum alloy surface, which is directly exposed to air, to be particularly easy to generate the oxidation of one layer of infusibility on surface
Mould (ingredient is aluminum oxide), the fusing point of this layer of oxidation film is up to 2000 more spends, therefore can produce when carrying out argon tungsten-arc welding
Raw layer of oxidation mould causes to beat impermeable situations such as can not welding.The welding point softening situation of aluminium alloy is serious, and weld strength coefficient is equal
Lower than base material.Aluminum alloy materials are small in melting state lower surface tension, it is easy to be recessed.It is well known that aluminium alloy is in welding
Be primarily present following problems: 1, oxidability is strong.The affinity of aluminium and oxygen is very big, easily generation aluminum oxide film.The oxygen
The fusing point for changing film is higher (can be up to 2050 DEG C), and only 660 DEG C of aluminium alloy fusing point, when welding is difficult to melt, and in addition density is also big,
Therefore oxide inclusions are easily formed in weld seam.Simultaneous oxidation film work function is low, easy launching electronics, causes welding arc unstable,
It therefore, before welding must be clean by the oxidation membrane removal of welding section.2, it is also easy to produce stomata.Melting degree of the hydrogen in aluminium is with temperature
Degree rises and increases, but compared with freezing point, and the solubility of hydrogen declines 20 times, therefore aluminium alloy will have a large amount of in cooled and solidified
Hydrogen is precipitated, so then easily forming gas in weld seam when the problems such as improper or misoperation there are parameter in welding process
Hole.3, the coefficient of expansion is larger, and hot cracking tendency is high.Its swell increment is about 2 times of steel when welding, and the volume of aluminium alloy subtracts when solidification
A small amount of about 5%, therefore welding deformation is larger, so when component is rigidly larger or weld seam existing defects in weld seam, melt run
And heat affected area is also easy to produce crackle.4, alloying element scaling loss, joint performance decline.Such as Zn, Mg low boiling point alloy in aluminium alloy
Element easily evaporates and scaling loss under the high temperature action of electric arc, reduces the alloying component of weld seam, eventually leads to the machinery of connector
Performance decline is obvious, and there are heat-affected zone softened phenomenons, this is entirely different with steel plumb joint.So welding aluminum alloy
Welding method, correct welding material and the welding conditions for selecting heat to concentrate；5, aluminium is thermally conductive fast, and thermal capacity is big.It must adopt
The welding method that the mount of using heat is concentrated, must also preheat (general plate thickness >=10mm) to thicker aluminium sheet；6, aluminium alloy is turned by solid-state
When for liquid, without apparent color change, weldering is be easy to cause to collapse and form overlap.Certainly, when carrying out the welding of aluminum pipe, it is
Reach one side welding with back formation, key point when welding be exactly weld seam must have it is suitable collapse, this requires welder operating
When more it is noted that observation molten bath.
MIG weldering be metal inert gas arc welding (Metal Inert-gas Welding) method, it be using
Solid core welding wire is as consumable electrode, and using additional inert gas (Ar or He) as electric arc medium, while protect molten drop, molten bath and
Welding region high-temperature metal.Pulse MIC welding (English is Pulsed Metal Inert-gas Welding) is then pulse melts
Pole Heliarc welding method, it is to pass through the source of welding current on the basis of metal inert gas arc welding
Control makes welding current that pulsed cyclically-varying be presented, and the welding current in each pulse period presents of different sizes
Peak value of pulse and pulse base value, in the peak value of pulse period, current value be greater than spray transfer critical electric current value, arc shape and
Common spray transfer arc shape is identical, to welding wire and workpiece heat intensive and is allowed to melt at this time, promote at welding wire molten drop
Molten bath is established in spray transfer welded condition, while at workpiece heating；And in the pulse base value period, due to current value very little,
It is mainly pilot arc combustion continuation that it, which is acted on, and plays pre- heat effect to welding wire, does not need to generate the droplet transfer.So pulse
MIG weldering can carry out project transfer welding under situation of the average welding current lower than spray transfer critical electric current value；And energy
Enough sizes and its duration by controlling each Peak of current pulse, it can efficiently control the welding energy of each pulse
Amount.There are three types of mode of metal transfer for pulse MIC welding, and respectively one pulse-one droplet, an arteries and veins drip more, more arteries and veins one drip form.Wherein more arteries and veins
One drop will form globular transfer, is unfavorable for welding, should avoid；It is spray transfer state that one arteries and veins drips more, in practice it has proved that is
A kind of ideal welding transition state；One pulse-one droplet is a kind of optimal mode of metal transfer, and molten drop size is more uniform, transition
It is regular, and high directivity, splashing are less, can effectively improve aluminium alloy high welding quality.The present invention pass through experiments have shown that: to aluminium
The alloy Double Wire Welding droplet transfer, Double Wire Welding molten drop is with sub- jet stream and to penetrate based on drop, supplemented by short circuit, jet stream and other variant forms
Form transition.
Pulse MIC welding obtains fast-developing and application over the past decade, especially in building, machinery, electronics, vehicle, aviation
Space flight etc. largely uses the field of industrial production of aluminium alloy class light energy conservation material.Especially for adaptation aluminium alloy class lightweight material
There is synergic-pulsed MIG welding connection technology in the welding needs of material.The welding method can accurately control welding wire melting rate and to mother
The welding heat of material inputs, simultaneously because alternating percussion of the strong and weak pulse current to molten bath, can improve seam organization and
Appearance forming, so, this method is particularly suitable for the special welding procedure such as thin plate class, narrow gap, all positon and high intensity, heat
The welding of sensitive material.The totally digitilized pulse MIG/MAG welding machine-GLC403/603 of German Cruise (CLOOS) company production
QUINTO, man-machine interactive system use high-definition large-screen liquid crystal display；Interior amount of storage is big, can accommodate 20,000 welding ginsengs
Number；Welding expert system built in it is, it can be achieved that unified adjusting；Pulse parameter is all adjustable, such as pulse frequency, wire feed speed
Degree, burst length, background current, impulse form, pulse voltage etc.；Have various digital interfaces, and be easy to weld control with
Automation, can control peripheral equipment.The experience and wisdom that operator can so be given full play to weld special material,
It can independently determine corresponding welding parameter.
Welding aluminum alloy needs most clean preparation, and otherwise its resistance to corrosion declines, and is easy to produce stomata.
Welding aluminum alloy should thoroughly be distinguished with the habit of welding steel, welding steel used tool, use when forbidding welding aluminum alloy.Clearly
The impurity such as the oxidation film of welded seam area are managed, are cleaned as far as possible using stainless steel brush or with acetone.Grinder buffing cannot be used, because
Oxidation film fusion can be made on wlding surface to use grinder buffing only, without really removing.If using hard grinding wheel,
Impurity therein can enter weld seam, lead to fire check.Further, since pellumina in a very short period of time again can regenerate and
Accumulation, should welding immediately after cleaning out in order to make oxidation film influence weld seam as few as possible.
In the present invention about CCD camera, CCD is english abbreviation, the full name in English of CCD: Charge-coupled
Device, Chinese name: charge coupled cell is properly termed as ccd image sensor.CCD is a kind of semiconductor devices, can be
Optical image is converted into digital signal.The small photoactive substance being implanted on CCD is referred to as pixel.If the picture for including on one piece of CCD
Prime number is more, and the screen resolution provided is also higher.CCD to act like film the same, but it is that image pixel is turned
Change digital signal into.CCD is upper there are many capacitor of marshalling, can incude light, and image is transformed into digital signal.Via
The charge of its band can be given to its adjacent capacitor by the control of external circuit, each small capacitances.Member is converted as a kind of light number
Part, CCD camera have been widely used.Molten bath, welding wire, weld seam feelings when the present invention is welded using CCD camera monitoring aluminium alloy thick plate
Condition improves weldquality to adjust pulse current, welding gun forward speed in time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention carries out careful analysis for difficulties existing for above-mentioned aluminium alloy thick plate, and it is new to propose aluminium alloy thick plate
Device, new method, the equipment carry acetone ejecting gun, stainless steel brush, the components such as electrothermal blowing, by experiments have shown that, aluminium can be made
Alloy weld strength is significantly promoted, and weld seam tensile strength is more than 280MPa.
Technical solution of the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation of acetone cleaning device is carried, it is characterised in that: should
Equipment is by weldment 1, electric arc 2, welding wire 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas 8, molten bath 9, weldering
Stitch metal 10, stainless steel brush 21, injection pipe 22, ejecting gun 23, rustless steel container 24, electric-heating air blower 25, inert gas tube
Road 26, control line 27, welding wire 28, ground line 29, power cabinet and control system 30, three-phase knife switch 32, are mixed fuse 31
Close gas cylinder 33, heating wires 34, solenoid valve 35, carry the pressure reducing valve 36 of pressure gauge, helium pressure reducing valve 37, helium heater 38,
Helium gas flow meter 39, helium tank 40, gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, remote controler 43, CCD camera 44 form；Such as figure
Shown in 1, the cathode of the power cabinet and control system 30 is connected by welding wire 28 with weldment 1, the power supply
Cabinet and the anode of control system 30 are connected by welding wire 28 with ignition tip 6；The power cabinet and control system
30 be two superimposed pulses, i.e., a low-frequency pulse welding machine is superimposed on a fixed high-frequency impulse, the high frequency arteries and veins fixed
Punching is 259 hertz；As shown in Fig. 2, the welding wire 3 is that 2 root wires (another root wire in dead astern, so not drawing) are put
It sets in the same torch head, and the power cabinet as described in 2 and the power supply of control system 30 and control respectively of 2 root wires 3
System, 2 root wire, 3 Collaborative Control replace make pulse electric current, and phase difference is 180 degree；The wire reel 4 is 2 front and back cloth
It sets, the wire pushing roller 5 is 4, and every 2 wire pushing rollers form one group and walk speed come welding wire 3 described in driving welding wire 3,2
Spend different, wherein 3 speed of a root wire is 10~11 ms/min, in addition 3 speed of a root wire is 8~9 ms/min；It is described
The bottleneck of helium tank 40 helium gas flow meter 39 is installed, while being also equipped with helium pressure reducing valve 37, helium in the outlet of helium tank 40
Hot-air heater 38；The described mixing gas cylinder 33 and helium tank 40 discharge inert gas by the Proper Match of gas proportioning device 41 with
And the measurement of gas flowmeter 42, using the control of solenoid valve 35, the gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, electricity
Magnet valve 35 is serially connected by inert gas duct 26, is summarized to formation protective gas 8, the protective cover 7 inside protective cover 7
Cylindrical, protective gas 8 sprays to around molten bath 9 out of cylindric protective cover 7；The power cabinet and control system
30 current value is 100~350 amperes, and voltage value is 20~24 volts；The gas proportioning device 41 is using 70% mixing
In addition argon gas and oxygen in gas cylinder 33 are matched with the inner helium of 30% helium tank 40, again in the gas proportioning device 41
Equipped with 2 air intake valves, as soldered 1 thickness increase of weldment gradually increases the releasing ratio of helium while reducing argon gas
Releasing ratio；25 air outlet of electric-heating air blower is equipped with temperature sensor, and the temperature that its outlet air is arranged is 80 DEG C~100
Between DEG C, it is also equipped with automatic detection feedback circuitry in the air outlet of electric-heating air blower 25, i.e. outlet temperature is higher than 100 DEG C
25 autostop of electric-heating air blower, when temperature is lower than 80 DEG C of 25 Auto Power Ons of electric-heating air blower；(to the aluminium for plate thickness being more than 10mm
When alloy plate is welded, weld preheating will be carried out, to prevent from not enough causing not weld penetration due to preheating, preheating temperature control
Between 70 DEG C~120 DEG C, interlayer temperature is controlled between 60 DEG C~100 DEG C.Preheating temperature is excessively high, except operating environment is severe
Outside, it is also possible to the alloy property of aluminium alloy be impacted, phenomena such as welding joint softened, weld appearance cob webbing occur.Layer
Between temperature it is excessively high can also make aluminium welding heat crackle generation probability increase).The weldment 1 is installed on air-actuated jaw, pneumatically
Fixture is in turn mounted on band to band transfer module, opens up 35 degree of groove at the soldered place of weldment 1 before welding, and rotation is equipped with beside weldment 1
The stainless steel brush 21 turned, so as to impurity such as the oxidation films in timely trimming region, stainless 21 side of steel brush is equipped with acetone again
Injection pipe 22, injection pipe 22 are serially connected with ejecting gun 23 and rustless steel container 24, wherein ejecting gun 23 also and air
Compressor is connected, and cylindric air accumulator is equipped with inside ejecting gun 23, sprays larger pressure to increase injection pipe 22
Acetone cleans the weldment 1 before welding, is equipped with the acetone recycling of stainless steel in the lower section of injection pipe 22 and weldment 1
Trough, in the acetone recycling trough screen size suitable for reading that is equipped with for the stainless steel filter screen of 0.045mm, outside acetone recycling trough
Face is equipped with gear pump that internal structure is stainless steel and that power is 1.5 kilowatts, flow is 0.8 l/h, the stainless steel-tooth
The output stainless steel pipes of wheel pump are connect with rustless steel container 24 again, which is used for the cyclic spray of acetone；Institute
380 volts are connected above the three-phase knife switch 32 stated, 50 hertz of alternating current, lower section is equipped with fuse 31,31 lower section of fuse
Power cabinet described in power cabinet described in being equipped with 2 and control system 30,2 and control system 30 are respectively provided with ground line
29, it is led in the power cabinet and control system 30 equipped with inert gas duct 26, control line 27, welding wire 28, heating
Line 34, solenoid valve 35, CCD camera 44 connection terminal；It is also equipped with and can compile in the power cabinet and control system 30
Range controller；The CCD camera 44 is erected at 80 centimeters of top apart from molten bath 9 and weld metal 10, the CCD
The minimum resolution of camera 44 is 0.06~0.08 square millimeter, and the CCD camera 44 is Color CCD camera,
Pixel is between 250,000~280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；The remote controler 43 is 26 key and infrared remote control devices, and band
There is band memory storage module.
The further technical solution of the present invention is:
6~7 millimeters of the length of the electric arc 2.
7 diameter of protective cover is 19~21 millimeters, and 6 diameter of ignition tip is 6~9 millimeters.
Oxygen equipped with 99% argon gas and 1% in the described mixing gas cylinder 33, when welding out throughput be per minute 21~
24 liters.
It is additionally provided with the stainless steel trough that a length is 60~70 centimetres beside the weldment 1, is placed in slot
Temperature is the nitric acid solution that 15 DEG C~20 DEG C of mass fractions are 10%.Aluminum alloy welding is cooled to room temperature after connecting, then by weldment
It is put in the nitric acid solution that 15~20 DEG C of mass fractions are 10% and embathes 10~20min.
Angle between the ignition tip 6 and weldment 1 is 88~92 degree, angle it is excessive and it is too small can all cause welding lack
It falls into.The angle of ignition tip 6 and weldment is excessive to will cause that gas shield is insufficient and generate stomata, and angle too small is it is also possible to make
Liquid aluminium reaches electric arc front end, and electric arc is prevented to generate incomplete fusion from directly acting on weld seam.
3 diameter of welding wire is 1.2~1.6 millimeters.
3 ingredient of welding wire be silicon be 4.8%~5.8%, iron 0.80%, copper 0.30%, manganese 0.05%, magnesium
For 0.05%, zinc 0.10%, titanium 0.20%, remaining be aluminium.The selection of welding wire will select aluminium silicon or aluminium as far as possible close to base material
Magnesium weld line will be determined according to level weld seam requirement.In addition magnalium welding wire can only weld magnalium material, and Al-Si wire can both weld aluminium
Silicon can also weld magnalium material.
The inert gas duct 26 is that fusing point is 600 Kelvins, the polytetrafluoro that density is 2200 kilograms every cubic metre
Ethylene.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (Polytetrafluoroethylene is abbreviated as PTFE), english abbreviation Teflon, Chinese nickname
It is called " Teflon ", " kings of plastics ".This material has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, is resistance in the world today
One of corrosive nature optimal material has leakproofness, high-lubricity, non-stick, electrical insulating property, good ageing resistance, heatproof
Excellent (can positive 250 DEG C to minus 180 DEG C of at a temperature of long-term work).Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) itself does not have toxicity to people.Selection should
Inert gas duct when kind of material is as aluminum alloy piping welding, be have the characteristics that because of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) it is resistant to high temperature, because of aluminium
The thermal conductivity of alloy is very big, about the 3 of carbon steel times, so more it is noted that soldered plate scalds inert gas duct.Together
When polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) insulating properties very good can prevent welder from getting an electric shock.
The weldment 1 is aluminum alloy plate materials, with a thickness of 10~35 millimeters.Primary study of the present invention is greater than 10mm
Thicker aluminum alloy plate materials welding.
The invention has the advantages that:
One, molten bath, welding wire, weld seam situation when apparatus of the present invention have used CCD camera monitoring aluminium alloy thick plate welding, so as to
The parameters such as adjustment pulse current, welding gun forward speed in time, substantially increase the weldquality of aluminium alloy.Apparatus of the present invention are also adopted
With helium protection, arc power is improved, improves the mobility of weld metal, so that the smooth beautiful, reinforcement of appearance of weld
It is small.1% oxygen, which is added, can overcome cathodic drift phenomenon and be conducive to the refinement of metal drop, reduce facing for spray transfer
Boundary's current value.The present invention uses dipulse welding aluminum alloy, and dipulse is exactly two superimposed pulses, a fixed height in brief
A low-frequency pulse, as high-frequency impulse low frequency modulations are superimposed in frequency pulse.Low-frequency pulse is added to allow on high-frequency impulse double
Pulse current is switched between peak point current and background current with certain frequency (frequency of low-frequency pulse), can make weld seam shape in this way
At the scalelike mark of rule.In the welding process by adjusting the frequency of low-frequency pulse, the peak value of low-frequency pulse, background current changes
Kind appearance of weld, the frequency of adjusting low-frequency pulse first determine the speed of dipulse peak point current and background current switching, body
It is exactly the fine and closely woven laminating degree of weld seam scalelike mark on present welding effect, low-frequency pulse frequency is low, dipulse peak point current and base
Value current switching speed is slow, and scalelike mark spacing is with regard to big；Conversely, the frequency of low-frequency pulse is high, dipulse peak point current and base value electricity
Stream switch speed is fast, and weld seam scalelike mark spacing is small and fine and closely woven.Peak point current is adjusted according to plate thickness and background current size can
To obtain corresponding fusion penetration, molten bath can be effectively stirred in peak point current and the mutual handoff procedure of background current, and hydrogen is discharged
Gas reduces stomata；The heat input to base material is reduced, prevents aluminum alloy materials overheat from generating dilatancy, weld seam group can also be made
It is fine and closely woven to knit particle, so that weld strength improves.
Two, structure of the invention is exquisite, has invented novel sine wave modulation pulse MIC welding aluminum alloy device, so that weldering
Connect energy input can effectively accuracy controlling, pulse change transition it is steady, welding process is reliable and stable.Had using sinusoidal waveform
Realize New Sinusoidal wave modulation pulse MIC the features such as unlimited order derivative continuity, eternal periodicity, the control parameter having are lacked
Parameter during weldering accurately matches.Electric current temporal pattern is stablized clear in welding process, corresponding voltage and welding energy
Temporal pattern is very stable, and electric current, voltage image are reproducible, and edge line race is clear, distribution is concentrated, while welding process is steady
It is qualitative good, obtain beautiful good scalelike mark weld seam.The present invention also uses acetone jet cleaning aluminium alloy thick plate before welding
Part to be welded.
Three, the present invention has broad popularization and application prospect, and can be widely applied to machining manufacturing enterprise, especially
It is suitble to 10 millimeters or more of aluminium alloy thick plate welding, is more suitable for the very high occasion of aluminum alloy piping welding quality requirement, such as accurate machine
The industries such as tool manufacture, vehicle key components, aviation, tip mechanical equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is general structure schematic diagram of the invention；
In Fig. 1: stainless steel brush 21, injection pipe 22, ejecting gun 23, rustless steel container 24, electric-heating air blower 25, indifferent gas
Body pipeline 26, control line 27, welding wire 28, ground line 29, power cabinet and control system 30, fuse 31, three-phase knife switch
32, gas cylinder 33, heating wires 34, solenoid valve 35, the pressure reducing valve 36 for carrying pressure gauge, helium pressure reducing valve 37, helium heating are mixed
Device 38, helium gas flow meter 39, helium tank 40, gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, remote controler 43, CCD camera 44.
Attached drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagrams such as aluminum alloy piping welding molten bath of the invention, welding wire
In Fig. 2: weldment 1, electric arc 2, welding wire 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas 8,
Molten bath 9, weld metal 10.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the aluminium alloy thick plate weld for preparing welding to be opened up to 35 degree of groove first.And by 1 quilt of weldment
It is installed on air-actuated jaw, then with the impurity such as the oxidation film in the timely trimming region of stainless steel brush 21, then the injection with acetone
22 pairs of the pipeline aluminium alloys for preparing welding spray.The weldment 1 is installed on air-actuated jaw, and air-actuated jaw is installed again
On band to band transfer module, band to band transfer module is constantly moved forwards, and prepares the aluminium alloy of welding just respectively by the timely trimming of stainless steel brush 21
The oxidation film in region dries up moisture and acetone by injection acetone, by electric-heating air blower 25, is soldered, during the welding process
Welding fact is taken by CCD camera 44, control system is transferred to by control line 27, then passes through the adjustment pulse in time of remote controler 43
Frequency, the welding gun speed of travel, feed rate of welding wire, welding machine voltage, welding current, welding machine frequency etc..Especially adjust low frequency arteries and veins
The frequency of punching, low-frequency pulse peak value, improve appearance of weld by background current, adjust the frequency of low-frequency pulse first, should
Frequency determines the speed of dipulse peak point current and background current switching, and being embodied in is exactly weld seam scalelike mark on welding effect
Fine and closely woven laminating degree, low-frequency pulse frequency is low, and dipulse peak point current and background current switch speed are slow, and scalelike mark spacing is just
Greatly；Conversely, the frequency of low-frequency pulse is high, dipulse peak point current and background current switch speed are fast, and weld seam scalelike mark spacing is small
And it is fine and closely woven.It is additionally provided with the stainless steel trough that a length is 60~70 centimetres beside the weldment 1, is placed with temperature in slot
Degree is the nitric acid solution that 15 DEG C~20 DEG C of mass fractions are 10%.Aluminum alloy welding is cooled to room temperature after connecting, then weldment is put
10~20min is embathed in the nitric acid solution that 15~20 DEG C of mass fractions are 10%.Between the ignition tip 6 and weldment 1
Angle is 88~92 degree, and angle is excessive and too small can all cause welding defect.The angle of ignition tip 6 and weldment is excessive to will cause gas
Body protection is insufficient and generate stomata, and angle too small prevents electric arc from directly making it is also possible to molten aluminum is made to reach electric arc front end
Incomplete fusion is generated for weld seam.
Attached drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagrams such as aluminum alloy piping welding molten bath of the invention, welding wire.The part is by weldment 1, electric arc 2, weldering
Silk 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas 8, molten bath 9, weld metal 10 form, the weldering
Part 1 is aluminum alloy plate materials, with a thickness of 10~35 millimeters.The thicker aluminium alloy plate for being greater than 10mm of primary study of the present invention
The welding of material.3 ingredient of welding wire be silicon be 4.8%~5.8%, iron 0.80%, copper 0.30%, manganese 0.05%,
Magnesium is 0.05%, zinc 0.10%, titanium 0.20%, remaining be aluminium.3 diameter of welding wire is 1.2~1.6 millimeters.It is described
7 diameter of protective cover be 19~21 millimeters, 6 diameter of ignition tip be 6~9 millimeters.
The equipment is by weldment 1, electric arc 2, welding wire 3, wire reel 4, wire pushing roller 5, ignition tip 6, protective cover 7, protective gas
8, molten bath 9, weld metal 10, stainless steel brush 21, injection pipe 22, ejecting gun 23, rustless steel container 24, electric-heating air blower 25,
Inert gas duct 26, control line 27, welding wire 28, ground line 29, power cabinet and control system 30, fuse 31, three
Phase plug-in strip 32, mixing gas cylinder 33, heating wires 34, solenoid valve 35, pressure reducing valve 36, the helium pressure reducing valve 37, helium for carrying pressure gauge
Hot-air heater 38, helium gas flow meter 39, helium tank 40, gas proportioning device 41, gas flowmeter 42, remote controler 43, CCD camera
44 compositions；As shown in Figure 1, the cathode of the power cabinet and control system 30 is connected by welding wire 28 with weldment 1,
The anode of the power cabinet and control system 30 is connected by welding wire 28 with ignition tip 6；The power cabinet with
And control system 30 is two superimposed pulses, i.e., a low-frequency pulse welding machine is superimposed on a fixed high-frequency impulse, Gu
Fixed high-frequency impulse is 259 hertz；As shown in Fig. 2, the welding wire 3 be 2 root wires (another root wire in dead astern, so
Do not draw) it is placed in the same torch head, and 2 root wires 3 power cabinet as described in 2 and control system 30 respectively
Power supply and control, 2 root wire, 3 Collaborative Control replace make pulse electric current, and phase difference is 180 degree；The wire reel 4 is
2 front and back arrangements, the wire pushing roller 5 are 4, and every 2 wire pushing rollers form one group come weldering described in driving welding wire 3,2
3 speeds of travel of silk are different, wherein 3 speed of a root wire is 10~11 ms/min, in addition 3 speed of a root wire be 8~9 meters/
Minute；The bottleneck of the helium tank 40 is equipped with helium gas flow meter 39, while being also equipped with helium in the outlet of helium tank 40 and subtracting
Pressure valve 37, helium heater 38；The mixing gas cylinder 33 and helium tank 40 discharge inert gas by gas proportioning device 41
The measurement of Proper Match and gas flowmeter 42, using the control of solenoid valve 35, the gas proportioning device 41, gas stream
Meter 42, solenoid valve 35 are serially connected by inert gas duct 26, are summarized to formation protective gas 8 inside protective cover 7, described
Protective cover 7 it is cylindrical, protective gas 8 sprays to around molten bath 9 out of cylindric protective cover 7；The power cabinet with
And the current value of control system 30 is 100~350 amperes, voltage value is 20~24 volts；The gas proportioning device 41 is adopted
With the argon gas and oxygen in 70% mixing gas cylinder 33, in addition matched again with the inner helium of 30% helium tank 40, the gas
2 air intake valves are equipped in proportioner 41, as soldered 1 thickness increase of weldment gradually increases the releasing ratio of helium simultaneously
Reduce the releasing ratio of argon gas；25 air outlet of electric-heating air blower is equipped with temperature sensor, and the temperature of its outlet air is arranged
Between 80 DEG C~100 DEG C, automatic detection feedback circuitry, i.e. outlet temperature are also equipped in the air outlet of electric-heating air blower 25
Degree is higher than 100 DEG C of 25 autostops of electric-heating air blower, when temperature is lower than 80 DEG C of 25 Auto Power Ons of electric-heating air blower.To super with plate thickness
When crossing the aluminium alloy thick plate of 10mm and being welded, weld preheating will be carried out, to prevent from not enough causing not weld penetration due to preheating, in advance
Between 70 DEG C~120 DEG C, interlayer temperature is controlled between 60 DEG C~100 DEG C for hot temperature control.Preheating temperature is excessively high, removes operation
Outside bad environments, it is also possible to be impacted to the alloy property of aluminium alloy, welding joint softened, weld appearance cob webbing etc. occur
Phenomenon.The excessively high generation probability that can also make aluminium welding heat crackle of interlayer temperature increases).The weldment 1 is installed in air-actuated jaw
On, air-actuated jaw is in turn mounted on band to band transfer module, 35 degree of groove is opened up at the soldered place of weldment 1 before welding, on 1 side of weldment
Stainless steel brush 21 equipped with rotation, so as to impurity such as the oxidation films in timely trimming region, stainless 21 side of steel brush is equipped with again
The injection pipe 22 of acetone, injection pipe 22 are serially connected with ejecting gun 23 and rustless steel container 24, and wherein ejecting gun 23 is gone back
Be connected with air compressor, cylindric air accumulator be equipped with inside ejecting gun 23, so as to increase injection pipe 22 spray it is larger
The acetone of pressure cleans the weldment 1 before welding, is equipped with the third of stainless steel in the lower section of injection pipe 22 and weldment 1
Ketone recycles trough, in the acetone recycling trough screen size suitable for reading that is equipped with for the stainless steel filter screen of 0.045mm, recycles in acetone
Gear pump that internal structure is stainless steel and that power is 1.5 kilowatts, flow is 0.8 l/h is installed outside trough, this is not
The output stainless steel pipes of rust steel-tooth wheel pump are connect with rustless steel container 24 again, and circulation of the stainless gear pump for acetone is sprayed
It penetrates；380 volts are connected above the three-phase knife switch 32,50 hertz of alternating current, lower section is equipped with fuse 31, fuse 31
Lower section be equipped with 2 described in power cabinet and control system 30 described in power cabinet and control system 30,2 be respectively provided with and connect
Ground wire 29, the power cabinet and control system 30 be equipped with inert gas duct 26, control line 27, welding wire 28, plus
Thermal wire 34, solenoid valve 35, CCD camera 44 connection terminal；It is also equipped in the power cabinet and control system 30
Programmable controller；The CCD camera 44 is erected at 80 centimeters of top apart from molten bath 9 and weld metal 10, described
CCD camera 44 minimum resolution be 0.06~0.08 square millimeter, the CCD camera 44 be colored CCD take a picture
Machine, pixel is between 250,000~280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；The remote controler 43 is 26 key and infrared remote control devices, and
And with band memory storage module.The inert gas duct 26 is that fusing point is that 600 Kelvin's density are 2200 kilograms and often stand
The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of square rice.
To sum up, the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation of the carrying acetone cleaning device designed by the present invention, Ke Yida
To expected purpose.
Claims (10)
1. carry acetone cleaning device automation aluminium alloy plate welding equipment, it is characterised in that: the equipment by weldment (1),
Electric arc (2), welding wire (3), wire reel (4), wire pushing roller (5), ignition tip (6), protective cover (7), protective gas (8), molten bath
(9), weld metal (10), stainless steel brush (21), injection pipe (22), ejecting gun (23), rustless steel container (24), electrothermal blowing
Machine (25), inert gas duct (26), control line (27), welding wire (28), ground line (29), power cabinet and control system
(30), fuse (31), three-phase knife switch (32), mixing gas cylinder (33), heating wires (34), solenoid valve (35), carrying pressure gauge
Pressure reducing valve (36), helium pressure reducing valve (37), helium heater (38), helium gas flow meter (39), helium tank (40), gas mixing ratio
Device (41), gas flowmeter (42), remote controler (43), CCD camera (44) composition；The power cabinet and control system
(30) cathode is connected by welding wire (28) with weldment (1), the anode of the power cabinet and control system (30)
It is connected by welding wire (28) with ignition tip (6)；The wire reel (4) is 2 front and back arrangements, the wire pushing roller
It (5) is 4, every 2 wire pushing rollers form one group to drive welding wire (3), and welding wire (3) speed of travel described in 2 is different,
In a root wire (3) speed be 10~11 ms/min, in addition a root wire (3) speed is 8~9 ms/min；The helium
Bottle (40) bottleneck be equipped with helium gas flow meter (39), while helium tank (40) outlet be also equipped with helium pressure reducing valve (37),
Helium heater (38)；The mixing gas cylinder (33) and helium tank (40) release inert gas are by gas proportioning device (41)
The measurement of Proper Match and gas flowmeter (42), using the control of solenoid valve (35), the gas proportioning device (41),
Gas flowmeter (42), solenoid valve (35) are serially connected by inert gas duct (26), are summarized to formation inside protective cover (7)
Protective gas (8), the protective cover (7) is cylindrical, and protective gas (8) sprays to molten bath out of cylindric protective cover (7)
(9) around；Described electric-heating air blower (25) air outlet is equipped with temperature sensor, be arranged its outlet air temperature be 80 DEG C~
Between 100 DEG C, it is also equipped with automatic detection feedback circuitry in the air outlet of electric-heating air blower (25), i.e. outlet temperature is higher than
100 DEG C of electric-heating air blower (25) autostops, when temperature is lower than 80 DEG C of electric-heating air blower (25) Auto Power Ons；The weldment
(1) it is installed on air-actuated jaw, air-actuated jaw is in turn mounted on band to band transfer module, is opened up before welding at the soldered place of weldment (1)
35 degree of groove is equipped with the stainless steel brush (21) of rotation, beside weldment (1) so that the oxidation film in timely trimming region is miscellaneous
Matter, is equipped with the injection pipe (22) of acetone beside stainless steel brush (21) again, injection pipe (22) and ejecting gun (23) and stainless
Steel container (24) is serially connected, and wherein ejecting gun (23) is also connected with air compressor, and cylinder is equipped with inside ejecting gun (23)
The air accumulator of shape, the acetone that larger pressure is sprayed to increase injection pipe (22) clean the weldment (1) before welding,
The acetone recycling trough of stainless steel is installed below injection pipe (22) and weldment (1), recycles trough peace suitable for reading in acetone
The stainless steel filter screen for being 0.045mm equipped with screen size, being equipped with internal structure outside acetone recycling trough is stainless steel
And power is 1.5 kilowatts, flow is 0.8 l/h gear pump, the output stainless steel pipes of the stainless gear pump again with
Rustless steel container (24) connection, the stainless gear pump are used for the cyclic spray of acetone；Connect above the three-phase knife switch (32)
Connect 380 volts, 50 hertz of alternating current, lower section is equipped with fuse (31), be equipped with 2 below fuse (31) described in electricity
Source cabinet and control system (30), power cabinet described in 2 and control system (30) are respectively provided with ground line (29), described
Power cabinet and control system (30) are equipped with inert gas duct (26), control line (27), welding wire (28), heating wires
(34), solenoid valve (35), CCD camera (44) connection terminal.
2. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: 6~7 millimeters of length of the electric arc (2)；The CCD camera (44) is erected at apart from molten bath (9) and weld metal
(10) 80 centimeters of top, the minimum resolution of the CCD camera (44) is 0.06~0.08 square millimeter, described
CCD camera (44) is Color CCD camera, and pixel is between 250,000~280,000, colour resolution is 420 lines；Described
Remote controler (43) is 26 key and infrared remote control devices, and with band memory storage module.
3. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: protective cover (7) diameter is 19~21 millimeters, and the ignition tip (6) diameter is 6~9 millimeters；The power cabinet
And control system (30) is two superimposed pulses, i.e., a low-frequency pulse welding machine is superimposed on a fixed high-frequency impulse,
Its high-frequency impulse fixed is 259 hertz.
4. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
Throughput is per minute 21~24 out when the inner oxygen equipped with 99% argon gas and 1% of: the mixing gas cylinder (33), welding
It rises；The welding wire (3) is that 2 root wires are placed in the same torch head, and 2 root wires (3) electricity as described in 2 respectively
Source cabinet and control system (30) power supply and control, 2 root wires (3) Collaborative Control replace make pulse electric current, phase difference
For 180 degree.
5. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: it is additionally provided with the stainless steel trough that a length is 60~70 centimetres beside the weldment (1), is placed with temperature in slot
The nitric acid solution for being 10% for 15 DEG C~20 DEG C of mass fractions.
6. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: the angle between the ignition tip (6) and weldment (1) is 88~92 degree.
7. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: welding wire (3) diameter is 1.2~1.6 millimeters；The power cabinet and inner be also equipped with of control system (30) can compile
Range controller；The power cabinet and the current value of control system (30) are 100~350 amperes, and voltage value is 20~24
Volt；The gas proportioning device (41) argon gas and oxygen inner using 70% mixing gas cylinder (33), in addition again with 30% helium
Bottle (40) inner helium is matched, and the gas proportioning device (41) is inner to be equipped with 2 air intake valves, with soldered weldment
(1) thickness increase gradually increases the releasing ratio of helium while reducing the releasing ratio of argon gas.
8. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: the mass percent of described welding wire (3) ingredient be silicon be 4.8%~5.8%, iron 0.80%, copper 0.30%, manganese are
0.05%, magnesium 0.05%, zinc 0.10%, titanium 0.20%, remaining be aluminium.
9. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 1 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: the inert gas duct (26) is that fusing point is 600 Kelvins, the polytetrafluoroethyl-ne that density is 2200 kilograms every cubic metre
Alkene.
10. the aluminium alloy plate welding equipment of the automation according to claim 2 for carrying acetone cleaning device, feature exist
In: the weldment (1) is aluminum alloy plate materials, with a thickness of 10~35 millimeters.
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| CN107186339A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method for reducing laser welding pores |
| CN110238487B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-09-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Medium plate aluminum alloy deep fusion welding system based on visual sensing and control method |
| CN110524143A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-03 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | The device and method of weld porosity defect in a kind of elimination aluminum alloy piping welding |
| CN112475535A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-12 | 陈攀 | Inverter electric welding machine and welding method thereof |
| CN116117286B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-12-22 | 南通新兴机械制造有限公司 | Automatic welding device with gas protection function |
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