CN106582285A - Multi-stage ammonia spraying efficient SCR flue gas denitrification system - Google Patents
Multi-stage ammonia spraying efficient SCR flue gas denitrification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106582285A CN106582285A CN201611242130.1A CN201611242130A CN106582285A CN 106582285 A CN106582285 A CN 106582285A CN 201611242130 A CN201611242130 A CN 201611242130A CN 106582285 A CN106582285 A CN 106582285A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-stage ammonia spraying efficient SCR flue gas denitrification system. By virtue of a principle that increase of efficiency of an SCR flue gas denitrification device is limited as the spray deposition uniformity of the ammonia nitrogen molar ratio through catalysts of the stages is poor, in form of multi-stage ammonia spraying, the uniformity degree of the ammonia nitrogen molar ratio at the inlet of each stage of catalyst is effectively improved to further exert the denitrification capacity of each stage of catalyst and the control ability of ammonia escape, and the requirement on the spray deposition uniformity of the ammonia nitrogen molar ratio at the inlet of the first stage of the catalyst is reduced, and meanwhile, the denitrification efficiencies of the catalysts in the stages are re-distributed and optimized and combined, so that the problem that the increase of conventional SCR flue gas denitrification efficiency is limited is solved, and the SCR integral denitrification efficiency is further enhanced; moreover, emission of ammonia escape is reduced in a certain condition, so that an ABS deposition phenomenon of downstream equipment is relieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of SCR flue gas denitrification systems, the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of particularly a kind of multistage spray ammonia.
Background technology
SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction, SCR) gas denitrifying technology is because of its denitration
Efficiency high, technology maturation, it has also become the one preferred technique of Large-scale fire-electricity unit denitration.
With the development of China's coal unit minimum discharge, the efficiency of SCR denitration device is put forward higher requirement, especially
, for the boiler for using anthracite or meager coal, its furnace outlet NOx concentration is up to 700～1200mg/m3, to reach ultralow row for it
Put, denitration efficiency need to reach 93%-96%.For Large-sized Coal-fired Power group SCR gas denitrifying technology, due to processing exhaust gas volumn
Greatly, SCR reactor cross sections are larger, and the control difficulty of ammonia nitrogen mol ratio distributing homogeneity is larger, and the distribution of ammonia nitrogen mol ratio is equal
Even property affects larger to SCR denitration device efficiency.In the case where Selection of Catalyst is certain, the escaping of ammonia is with ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
The increase of relative standard deviation and increase；Denitration efficiency is with the increase of the relative standard deviation of catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
And reduce, and desired denitration efficiency is higher, it is this to affect more obvious；Under conditions of the escaping of ammonia is ensured, ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
Relative standard deviation is bigger, and its denitration efficiency is lower.Traditional SCR denitrating flue gas spray ammonia using single-stage, and denitration efficiency can reach
80%～90%, the relative standard deviation of first order catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio is controlled 5% or so.In ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
Relative standard deviation it is constant in the case of, to improve denitration efficiency to more than 95%, then be difficult to ensure that the escaping of ammonia meet set
Meter is required；If realizing during more than 90% denitration efficiency, needing by improving the relative standard deviation of current ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
The relative standard deviation of control ammonia nitrogen mol ratio is 3% or so；To realize during more than 95% denitration efficiency, then need to control
Within 2%, this is difficult in engineering.
Research finds that the key reason for restricting tradition SCR equipment for denitrifying flue gas improved efficiencies is due to ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
Relative standard deviation gradually increases after every grade of catalyst of denitration, and ammonia nitrogen mol ratio distributing homogeneity is gradually deteriorated.Table 1 is provided
A case show that the relative standard deviation of second level catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio increases to 19.5% by 5.5%, arrives
Third level entrance has increased to 113.8%；Some cases even find that second level catalyst inlet has increased to 25%.
Therefore, how to improve every grade of catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mixed in molar ratio uniformity, become guarantee the escaping of ammonia, further
The key of denitration efficiency is lifted, also becomes the key for developing efficient SCR gas denitrifying technologies.
The content of the invention
The to be solved of the present invention is that traditional SCR denitrating flue gas ammonia nitrogen mol ratio after every grade of catalyst is evenly distributed
Property be deteriorated, cause denitration efficiency to lift limited problem, it is proposed that a kind of efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of multistage spray ammonia, full
While sufficient the escaping of ammonia is required, denitration efficiency is lifted.
Present invention resides in flue along flue gas direction of advance be sequentially provided with first order spray ammonia system, first order catalyst,
Second level spray ammonia system, second level catalyst, the first order spray ammonia system, second level spray ammonia system and reducing agent feeding mechanism
It is connected.
Every grade of catalyst, especially second level catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mole can effectively be improved using multistage spray ammonia system
Than the uniformity coefficient being distributed, the effect of every grade of catalyst is further played, especially the denitration ability and ammonia of second level catalyst
The control ability of escape.
Further, the first order catalyst inlet controls the relative standard deviation of ammonia nitrogen mol ratio within 10%,
The relative standard deviation of the second level catalyst inlet control ammonia nitrogen mol ratio is within 5%.
Control catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio can realize more preferable denitration effect and prevent the performance of the escaping of ammonia.
Further, the confession ammonia flow of first order spray ammonia system is always for the 60%～95% of ammonia flow described the
The confession ammonia flow of two grades of spray ammonia systems is always for the 5%～40% of ammonia flow.
Rationally arranging first order spray ammonia system, the confession ammonia flow of second level spray ammonia system can further improve denitration effect
With the performance for preventing the escaping of ammonia.
Further, first order blender is additionally provided between the first order spray ammonia system and first order catalyst, it is described
Spray and be additionally provided with second level blender between ammonia system and second level catalyst in the second level.
Blender can ensure that the uniform mixing of flue gas and ammonia.
Further, the first order spray ammonia system, second level spray ammonia system adopt vortex patern AIG, mixed type AIG or lattice
Grid-type AIG.
Further, the first order spray ammonia system, the second level are sprayed and are set respectively between ammonia system and reducing agent feeding mechanism
There is flow control valve.
Further, the third level or the third level are also sequentially provided with along flue gas direction of advance second level catalyst rear in flue
More than spray ammonia system, the third level or third level mixer described above, the third level or third level above catalyst, the third level or the
More than three-level spray ammonia system to be connected with reducing agent feeding mechanism by flow control valve respectively.
Further, the first order spray ammonia system, first order catalyst are arranged on the position of economizer exit.
Further, the first order spray ammonia system is linear ammonia-spraying grid, and the second level spray ammonia system is subregion spray
Ammonia grid.
Further, the mean flow rate of flue gas is controlled between 4～6m/s.
The present invention compared with the existing technology has advantages below and effect：
1st, it is rational in infrastructure, install and easy to implement.
2nd, the catalyst at different levels uniformity coefficient that especially second level catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio is distributed is substantially improved.
3rd, the denitration ability of system and the control ability of the escaping of ammonia are substantially increased.
4th, the requirement to ground floor catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio distributing homogeneity is reduced, traditional SCR is solved and is taken off
The limited problem of nitre improved efficiency.
5th, the discharge of the escaping of ammonia is reduced, alleviates the generation of upstream device ABS depositional phenomenons.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also
To obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems schematic diagram of the multistage spray ammonia of present invention one kind.
Fig. 2 is the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems other embodiment schematic diagram of the multistage spray ammonia of present invention one kind.
Fig. 3 is impact of the uniformity of ammonia nitrogen mol ratio distribution to the escaping of ammonia.
Fig. 4 is impact of the uniformity of ammonia nitrogen mol ratio distribution to denitration efficiency.
Fig. 5 is the calculating case of the relative standard deviation of every layer of catalyst inlet ammonia nitrogen mol ratio.
Mark explanation：
1- flue gases come flow the 2- first order spray ammonia system 3- first order catalyst inlet flue 4- first order catalyst 5-
Spray ammonia system 7- second level catalyst 8- second level catalyst outlet flue in the second level catalyst inlet flue 6- second level
9- neat stress 10- first order spray ammonia system reducing agent flow control valve 11- second level spray ammonia system reducing agent flow control valves
12- reducing agent feeding mechanism 13- third level catalyst 14- third level catalyst outlet flue 15- fourth stage catalyst 16-
Fourth stage catalyst outlet flue 17- first order blender 18- second level blender 19- third level blenders 20- the 3rd
Level spray ammonia system 21- fourth stage spray ammonia system 22- third level spray ammonia system reducing agent flow control valve 23- fourth stage spray ammonia
System reducing agent flux regulating valve.
Specific embodiment
This patent is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1, as shown in figure 1, the present embodiment includes the first spray ammonia set gradually along flue gas direction of advance in flue
System 2, first order catalyst 4, second level spray ammonia system 6, second level catalyst 6, first order spray ammonia system 2, second level spray ammonia
System 6 connects respectively with reducing agent feeding mechanism 12.
Flue gas containing NOx come flow 1 with the first order spray ammonia system 2 spray ammonia, in first order catalyst inlet flue 3
Mixing, into first order catalyst 4 denitration reaction is carried out, and a certain proportion of NOx is removed, and is not removed NOx and unreacted
Ammonia mixing in second level catalyst inlet flue 5, sprays the ammonia that ammonia system 6 sprays and enters into second level catalyst 7 with the second level
Row denitration reaction, further removing NOx and reduces the escaping of ammonia, and neat stress 9 is discharged through second level catalyst outlet flue 8.
Reducing agent feeding mechanism 12 to first order spray ammonia system 2, second level spray ammonia system 6 provides reducing agent.
Embodiment 2：In the present embodiment, the relative standard deviation of the in-let dimple ammonia nitrogen mol ratio of first order catalyst 4 exists
10% or so or within, the relative standard deviation of the in-let dimple ammonia nitrogen mol ratio of second level catalyst 7 5% or so or within.
Embodiment 3：In the present embodiment, the first order spray ammonia system 2 confession ammonia flow be overall design for ammonia flow 60%～
95%, the confession ammonia flow of second level spray ammonia system 6 is that overall design supplies the 5%～40% of ammonia flow.
Embodiment 4：In the present embodiment, 4 are additionally provided with first order mixing between first order spray ammonia system 2 and first order catalyst
Device 17, between second level spray ammonia system 6 and second level catalyst 7 second level blender 18 is additionally provided with.
Embodiment 5：In the present embodiment, first order spray ammonia system 2, second level spray ammonia system 6 is using vortex patern AIG, mixing
Type AIG or grid type AIG.
Embodiment 6：As shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, the first order spray ammonia system 2, second level sprays ammonia system 6 and reducing agent
First order spray ammonia system reducing agent flow control valve 10, second level spray ammonia system reducing agent stream is respectively equipped between feeding mechanism 12
Adjustable valve 11.
Embodiment 7：As shown in Fig. 2 being also sequentially provided with the 3rd along the rear of flue gas direction of advance second level catalyst 7 in flue
Ammonia system, the third level or third level mixer described above, the third level or third level above catalyst more than level or the third level are sprayed, it is described
More than the third level or the third level spray ammonia system to be connected with reducing agent feeding mechanism 12 by flow control valve respectively.
Flue gas containing NOx come flow 1 with the first order spray ammonia system 2 spray ammonia, through first order blender 17 mix after
Denitration reaction is carried out into first order catalyst 4, a certain proportion of NOx is removed, be not removed NOx and unreacted ammonia is passed through
Second level blender 18 mixes, and the NOx not removed is mixed homogeneously with unreacted NH3, sprays what ammonia system 6 sprayed with the second level
Ammonia Jing third level blender 19 mixes, and is reacted in second level catalyst 7, further denitration NOx and reduce the escaping of ammonia.
If arranging third level spray ammonia system 20, the NOx that second level catalyst 7 is not removed and unreacted NH3 sprays ammonia system with the third level
The mixing in second level catalyst outlet flue 8 of 20 ammonia for spraying, into third level catalyst 13 denitration reaction, a definite proportion are carried out
The NOx of example is removed；If arranging fourth stage spray ammonia system 21, the NOx that third level catalyst 13 is not removed and unreacted NH3,
The ammonia for spraying the ejection of ammonia system 21 with the fourth stage mixes in third level catalyst outlet flue 14, enters into fourth stage catalyst 15
Row denitration reaction, further denitration NOx and reduction the escaping of ammonia, clean flue gas is discharged by fourth stage catalyst outlet flue 16.
First order spray ammonia system 2, second level spray ammonia system 6 is connected with reducing agent feeding mechanism 12.If arrange third level spray ammonia system, the
Level Four sprays ammonia system, is connected with reducing agent feeding mechanism 12.
Embodiment 8：In the present embodiment, first order spray ammonia system 2, first order catalyst 4 are arranged on the position of economizer exit
Put.
Embodiment 9：In the present embodiment, first order spray ammonia system 1 is linear ammonia-spraying grid, and second level spray ammonia system 6 is to divide
Area's ammonia-spraying grid.
Embodiment 10：In the present embodiment, the mean flow rate of flue gas is controlled between 4～6m/s.
Furthermore, it is necessary to explanation, the specific embodiment described in this specification, is named the shape of its parts and components
Title etc. can be with difference.The equivalent or simple change that all constructions according to described in inventional idea of the present invention, feature and principle are done, wraps
Include in the protection domain of patent of the present invention.Those skilled in the art can be embodied as to described
Example is made various modifications or supplements or substituted using similar mode, structure without departing from the present invention or surmounts this
Scope as defined in the claims, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is multistage sprays the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia, it is characterised in that set successively along flue gas direction of advance in flue
There are first order spray ammonia system, first order catalyst, second level spray ammonia system, a second level catalyst, first order spray ammonia system,
Second level spray ammonia system is connected with reducing agent feeding mechanism.
2. one kind according to claim 1 is multistage sprays the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia, it is characterised in that described first
Within 10%, the second level catalyst inlet controls ammonia to the relative standard deviation of level catalyst inlet control ammonia nitrogen mol ratio
The relative standard deviation of nitrogen mol ratio is within 5%.
3. one kind according to claim 2 is multistage sprays the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia, it is characterised in that described first
The confession ammonia flow of level spray ammonia system is that the confession ammonia flow of the second level spray ammonia system is total always for the 60%～95% of ammonia flow
For the 5%～40% of ammonia flow.
4. according to the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of the multistage spray ammonia of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
The first order is sprayed and first order blender is additionally provided between ammonia system and first order catalyst, and ammonia system and the second level are sprayed in the second level
Second level blender is additionally provided between catalyst.
5. a kind of multistage spray efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
The first order spray ammonia system, second level spray ammonia system adopt vortex patern AIG, mixed type AIG or grid type AIG.
6. a kind of multistage spray efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
The first order spray ammonia system, the second level to be sprayed and be respectively equipped with flow control valve between ammonia system and reducing agent feeding mechanism.
7. a kind of multistage spray efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Also be sequentially provided with more than the third level or the third level along flue gas direction of advance second level catalyst rear in flue spray ammonia system, the 3rd
Level or third level mixer described above, the third level or third level above catalyst, more than the third level or the third level spray ammonia system
It is connected with reducing agent feeding mechanism by flow control valve respectively.
8. a kind of multistage spray efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
The first order spray ammonia system, first order catalyst are arranged on the position of economizer exit.
9. one kind according to claim 8 is multistage sprays the efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia, it is characterised in that described first
Level spray ammonia system is linear ammonia-spraying grid, and the second level spray ammonia system is subregion ammonia-spraying grid.
10. multistage spray efficient SCR flue gas denitrification systems of ammonia of one kind according to claim 9, it is characterised in that flue gas it is flat
Flow speed control is between 4～6m/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611242130.1A CN106582285A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Multi-stage ammonia spraying efficient SCR flue gas denitrification system |
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| CN201611242130.1A CN106582285A (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2016-12-29 | Multi-stage ammonia spraying efficient SCR flue gas denitrification system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108757123A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-06 | 天津大学 | Ship multistage SCR trains and its control method |
| CN109012177A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-18 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of full load internal combustion engine nitrogen oxides control system and its working method |
| CN110585921A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-12-20 | 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 | Double-ammonia-injection grid selective catalytic reduction denitration device and ammonia injection optimization method thereof |
| CN110618706A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-27 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Multistage intelligent denitration online optimization control system based on data driving |
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| CN108757123A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-06 | 天津大学 | Ship multistage SCR trains and its control method |
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| CN110618706A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-27 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Multistage intelligent denitration online optimization control system based on data driving |
| CN110618706B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2023-05-12 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Multistage intelligent denitration on-line optimization control system based on data driving |
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Application publication date: 20170426 |
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