CN106576486A - Method of converting severely lost soil on a surface layer of a mudflat into a forest land in a quick and highly efficient manner - Google Patents
Method of converting severely lost soil on a surface layer of a mudflat into a forest land in a quick and highly efficient manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN106576486A CN106576486A CN201611223028.7A CN201611223028A CN106576486A CN 106576486 A CN106576486 A CN 106576486A CN 201611223028 A CN201611223028 A CN 201611223028A CN 106576486 A CN106576486 A CN 106576486A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological engineering method of converting severely lost soil on a surface layer of a mudflat into a forest land in a quick and highly efficient manner. The method comprise the following steps: firstly, turning over soil in a high-strength and high-frequency manner, and conducting artificial irrigation to accelerate alternation of wetting and drying; and secondly, conducting ridging and salt-leaching; thirdly, applying organic materials, covering the soil with films, removing the films, and ploughing the soil; fourthly, applying organic fertilizers, biochar and calcium superphosphate; and fifthly, planting green manure, and planting shallow-root salt-tolerant trees and shrubs after ploughing down of the green manure. On the basis of artificial acceleration of a natural ecological process, high-strength and high-frequency alternation of wetting and drying and anaerobic/aerobiotic natural ecological processes are conducted on raw soil layers, and organics are artificially added to conduct fermentation to bring heat and maturation, so soil structures can be improved quickly. Salt-leaching is conducted on the basis of ridging of home positions, and the biochar, organic fertilizers and calcium superphosphate are added, so soil nutrients are increased, the soil conservation capacity and the soil buffer capacity are improved, and the pH and the salt content are reduced. The method helps to restore forest lands in a quick and highly efficient manner, and is also suitable for improving and greening destroyed soil or polluted soil with surface layers removed in coastal zones.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil improvement ecological engineering recovery technology field, and in particular to be a kind of quick, efficiently extensive
Multiple beach topsoil profound depletion soil is the method for woods land used.
Technical background
Under the deployment of coastal great development national strategy, coastal tidal as Food Security Backup Base, just according to plan,
Improveing in conditional beach progressively is farmland.At the same time, for decontrol windburn, the construction of shelterbelt is also synchronous real
Apply.Shelterbelt generally requires m of ridging 1.5 or so, prevents saline and alkaline generation to tree growth from coercing.Because early stage lacks overall
Planning, irrational ridging engineering that fetches earth makes part agricultural land soil topsoil profound depletion, disappearance the thickness of the layer be up to 1.0-
1.5 m.These upper soll layer disappearance bands leave unused for a long time due to being difficult with, and are not only easy to aggravate the shakiness of local landscape structure
It is fixed to develop, it is also the serious waste of soil resource.
At present, the technology and research that soil remediation is lacked for top layer passes through deep ploughing, fertilising, or addition Organic substance mostly
Material and the fertilizing soil such as microbial bacterial agent fertilizer, then long-term cropping.But the object of prior art reparation is concentrated mainly on<20 cm
The reparation of thickness top layer soil layer, for>The nearly no report of reparation of 1.0 m thickness soil layer profound depletion soil.Soil layer severe
After disappearance, not only soil fertility is deficient with organic matter, it is often more important that, raw-soil Rotating fields are poor, and granule composition homogeneity, water conservation is protected
Fertilizer is low, supports the function major defect of plant growing.Even if heavy dressing and addition organic matter, soil also is difficult to maintain grain
The normal growth of crop and the corresponding yield for obtaining.In addition disappearance band is irregular, fragmentation, it is also difficult to which unification reverts to farmland.
Particularly in coastal tidal area, lower soil salinity is high, and pH is high, it is existing foster and apply fertilizer reparation and improving technology face with duration,
The limitation of effect difference.If selecting addition chemical material to accelerate repair process, it is understood that there may be the hidden danger of soil and underground water pollution.
Therefore, it is typically chosen woods and fills and is recovered more suitable and feasible.However, how to be by the soil restoration of topsoil serious loss
Woods land used equally proposes new challenge to conventional recovery technique.
The content of the invention
The present invention is done based on the artificial acceleration to natural, ecological process by making raw soil layer high intensity, the experience of high frequency time
It is wet, detest the/natural, ecological process such as aerobic, be aided with the fermentation heat production ripening of artificial addition Organic substance, Soil structure is quickly improved；
The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching on the basis of ridging in the original location, by adding for charcoal, fertilizer and calcium superphosphate etc., improves soil nutrient and its guarantor
Hold and buffer capacity, reduce pH and salinity, there is provided a kind of quick, efficient beach topsoil profound depletion soil that recovers is woods use
The ecological engineering technology on ground.
The method for recovering beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) high intensity, high frequency time are turned over, acceleration alternation of wetting and drying of artificially pouring water；
2) ridging, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；
3) applying to be turned over after organic materials to ridge band is mixed even, pours water, and overlay film takes off film, turns over；
4) fertilizer, charcoal, calcium superphosphate are applied；
5) green manure crop is planted, shallow root system salt tolerant Qiao, shrub is planted after turning over.
The above-mentioned beach topsoil profound depletion soil that recovers is specially for the method for woods land used：
The 1) turning over for step raw soil layer can be made loose, while accelerated oxidation reduction process, ploughed depth is 30-50 cm, be for
Soil amount needed for satisfaction follow-up ridging.Irrigation quantity is 2000-3000 m3·hm-2Reach can 0-50 cm soil moisture contents
30%-40%；Repeated multiple times turning over is poured water and can accelerate soil-ripening, improvement knot in the alternating of the processes such as dry and wet aerobic/anaerobic
Structure；Persistent period is the 4-6 months.
The ridging of the 2) step is will to turn over area both sides soil to middle accumulation, forms high 40-60cm, width 2.5-3.0 m
Ridge band；Depth 40-60cm, width 20-30 cm gutters are dug in ridge band both sides；The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is poured water repeatedly washed off soil to ridge band, until ridge
Band soil salt content is down to<0.5%.
The addition of the 3) organic materials such as step rice husk, straw can quickly improve raw soil layer soil fertility, improve soil knot
Structure, and can gather materials on the spot, low cost.First the organic materials such as rice husk, straw are ground or are crushed to particle diameter 2-10 mm, so
Afterwards spread 10-15 cm be thicker than upper soll layer, turn over be mixed it is even；Pour water to soil saturation, ridge band is covered with agricultural film, after 30-50 d
Film is taken off, is turned over again, overlay film.Hereafter, turn over once per 20-30 d, until the organic material composting degree of addition>80%.
The 4) fertilizer that step applies be the poultry muck such as pig, cattle, horse, chicken, duck, goose；Paving 10-15cm is thicker than soil table
Layer, repaves 1-2 cm thickness charcoals, applies calcium superphosphate 400-500 kghm-2, mix homogeneously of turning over.Applying a large amount of fertilizers can
Further to improve the soil organism and mineral nutrient, formed with early stage organic materials and interact priming effect, significantly improve soil
Micro organism quantity.Charcoal adsorptivity is strong, and antioxidation can reduce the soil weight, retain water and nutrients, moreover it is possible to carry for soil microorganism
For attachment site, the Nutrient Transformation efficiency of organic materials and fertilizer is further improved.Applying calcium superphosphate not only can improve
The content of Soil Phosphorus and calcium, adjusts nutrients ratio, and calcium superphosphate can significantly reduce the pH of such soil in acidity
Value.
5) Semen phaseoli radiati, Semen Glyciness of step green manure crop growth selection cycle is short etc..Coordinate applied fertilizer, can be maximum
Increase soil fertility in degree, lift the nutrientuse efficiency of crop.Green manure crop manages according to a conventional method and is suitably giving birth to
Turned on the spot for a long time；The root system such as optional Hibiscus hamabo, Robinia pseudoacacia L., willow, Lagerstroemia indica L., North American begonia is shallow after planting for two seasons and has
Qiao of certain salt resistance ability, shrub species are planted, and not only with certain ecology, Landscape benefit, and have certain Jing
Ji benefit.
The positive beneficial effect of the present invention：
1) present invention is main accelerates natural, ecological process by artificial, with reference to rice husk, straw organic materials, overlay film, fertilizer, life
The input of thing charcoal, calcium superphosphate etc., method environmental friendliness.
2) present invention turning over by high intensity and high frequency time, dry and wet replaces with oxidoreduction, covers/take off film, Organic substance corruption
Ripe fermentation heat production, charcoal absorption keep nutrient, ridging salt reduction in situ, calcium superphosphate to reduce the measures such as pH, green manure crop plantation,
Reparation speed is fast, effect is good.
3) present invention is particularly suitable for the improvement after littoral zone soil fail or contaminated soil top layer remove and greening.Can be with
Significantly improve in make in a short time target soil structure and the fertility of the 18-24 months, efficiently recover vegetation.
In a word, the present invention turned over by the intensity of high frequency time, alternation of wetting and drying, make raw soil layer loosing soil, it is ventilative, permeable and
Heat conductivity increases；By the soil turned over from two lateral middle accumulation ridgings, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；Simultaneously overlay film is rotten for the organic materials that applying grinds
It is ripe, turn over, discharge amount of heat, detest the/process such as aerobic alternating by organic matter fermentation, artificially accelerate soil-ripening；It is applied with
Machine fertilizer, charcoal and calcium superphosphate further reduce soil fertility raising, structural improvement, pH；Finally plant green manure crop simultaneously
Plantation shallow root system salt tolerant seeds.Beach topsoil profound depletion soil restoration can be fast and efficiently woods land used by the present invention,
Improvement and greening after removing suitable for the destroyed soil of littoral zone or contaminated soil top layer.
Specific embodiment
The beach topsoil profound depletion soil restoration that 1.2-1.3 m are up to lacking the thickness of the layer is specifically described below
For the ecological engineering of woods land used.Step is as follows：
1) turn over 30-50 cm；
2) pour water 2000-3000 m3·hm-2；
1) and 2) 3) repeat, to continue 4-6 month after moisture falls to doing naturally；
4) area both sides soil will be turned over to middle accumulation, a height of 50 cm in ridge, the ridge band of width 2.5-3.0 m will be formed；
5) deep 50 cm, width 20-30 cm gutters are dug in area both sides of turning over；
6) pour water repeatedly into the band of ridge washed off soil, until 0-50 cm soil salt contents reach 0.3-0.5%；
7) rice husk, straw to particle diameter 2-10 mm are crushed；
8) rice husk, straw after 10-15 cm are crushed are spread in upper soll layer；
9) turn over 50 cm, and rice husk, straw and mixing with soil is uniform；
10) pour water 2000-3000 m3·hm-2；
11) ridge band is covered into agricultural film 30-50 d；
12) film is taken off, turn over 50 cm, overlay film；Repeat take off film, 50 cm, coating process turned over once, until organic per 20-30 d
Material rotten degree more than 80%；
13) 10-15 cm thickness pigs, chicken manure plumpness are spread in upper soll layer；
14) 1-2 cm thickness charcoals are spread；
15) calcium superphosphate 400-500 kghm are applied-2；
16) muck, charcoal and calcium superphosphate and 0-50 cm Soil tillages are mixed；
17) green manure crops such as Semen phaseoli radiati, Semen Glyciness are planted, is managed according to a conventional method；And turned on the spot in suitable trophophase
Plough the 20-30 cm that bury；Planted for two seasons；
18) the shallow root systems such as Hibiscus hamabo, Robinia pseudoacacia L., willow, Lagerstroemia indica L., North American begonia, Salt And Alkali Tolerance arbor, shrub are planted.
By said method, target soil structure and fertility can be made within the 18-22 months to significantly improve, efficiently be recovered
Vegetation.
The present invention is done based on the artificial acceleration to natural, ecological process by making raw soil layer high intensity, the experience of high frequency time
It is wet, detest the/natural, ecological process such as aerobic, be aided with the fermentation heat production ripening of artificial addition Organic substance, Soil structure is quickly improved；
The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching on the basis of ridging in the original location, by adding for charcoal, fertilizer and calcium superphosphate etc., improves soil nutrient and its guarantor
Hold and buffer capacity, reduce pH and salinity, can quickly, efficiently recover beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover method of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used, it is characterised in that include with
Lower step：
1) high intensity, high frequency time are turned over, acceleration alternation of wetting and drying of artificially pouring water；
2) ridging, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching；
3) applying to be turned over after organic materials to ridge band is mixed even, pours water, and overlay film takes off film, turns over；
4) fertilizer, charcoal, calcium superphosphate are applied；
5) green manure crop is planted, shallow root system salt tolerant Qiao, shrub is planted after turning over.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover side of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used
Method, it is characterised in that：The 1) in step, and ploughed depth is 30-50 cm, is poured water after turning over, and irrigation quantity is 2000-3000m3·hm-2；After soil is dried, repetition is turned over, water-pouring process, continues 4-6 month.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover side of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used
Method, it is characterised in that：The 2) in step, and ridging is will to turn over area both sides soil to middle accumulation, forms high 40-60cm, width 2.5-
The ridge band of 3.0 m；Depth 40-60 cm, width 20-30 cm gutters are dug in ridge band both sides；The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is poured water repeatedly lessive to ridge band
Earth, until ridge band soil salt content is down to<0.5%.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover side of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used
Method, it is characterised in that：The 3) in step, and the organic materials of applying is rice husk, straw, and particle diameter is 2-10 mm, and paving 10-15 cm are thicker than
Ridge band upper soll layer, turns over and is mixed even, pours water to soil saturation, and ridge band is covered with agricultural film, and after 30-50 d film is taken off, and turns over；This
Afterwards, turn over once per 20-30 d, until the organic material composting degree of addition>80%.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover side of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used
Method, it is characterised in that：The 4) in step, and the fertilizer of applying is pig, cattle, horse, chicken, duck, goose poultry muck, and paving 10-15cm is thicker than
Upper soll layer, repaves 1-2 cm thickness charcoals, applies calcium superphosphate 400-500 kghm-2, mix homogeneously of turning over.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover side of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used
Method, it is characterised in that：The green manure crop growth selection cycle is short crop, manages according to a conventional method and enters in suitable trophophase
Row is turned on the spot；Shallow root system salt tolerant Qiao, shrub are planted after planting for two seasons.
7. it is according to claim 6 it is a kind of it is quick, efficiently recover side of the beach topsoil profound depletion soil for woods land used
Method, it is characterised in that：The green manure crop is Semen phaseoli radiati, Semen Glyciness, shallow root system salt tolerant is tall, shrub be Hibiscus hamabo, Robinia pseudoacacia L., willow,
Lagerstroemia indica L., North American begonia.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611223028.7A CN106576486A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Method of converting severely lost soil on a surface layer of a mudflat into a forest land in a quick and highly efficient manner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611223028.7A CN106576486A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Method of converting severely lost soil on a surface layer of a mudflat into a forest land in a quick and highly efficient manner |
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| CN106576486A true CN106576486A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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| CN201611223028.7A Pending CN106576486A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Method of converting severely lost soil on a surface layer of a mudflat into a forest land in a quick and highly efficient manner |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107624391A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-26 | 北京军秀咨询有限公司 | A kind of method of plant sludge biological carbon soil joint restoration of the ecosystem prone soil |
| CN114982414A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-02 | 辽宁省农业发展服务中心 | Method for improving carbon sequestration potential of soil by using organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107624391A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-26 | 北京军秀咨询有限公司 | A kind of method of plant sludge biological carbon soil joint restoration of the ecosystem prone soil |
| CN114982414A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-02 | 辽宁省农业发展服务中心 | Method for improving carbon sequestration potential of soil by using organic fertilizer |
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