CN106568282A - Water pump control method and device based on secondary pump system - Google Patents
Water pump control method and device based on secondary pump system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106568282A CN106568282A CN201610980779.7A CN201610980779A CN106568282A CN 106568282 A CN106568282 A CN 106568282A CN 201610980779 A CN201610980779 A CN 201610980779A CN 106568282 A CN106568282 A CN 106568282A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- water tank
- refrigeration unit
- temperature
- preset time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/005—Mounting of control devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water pump control method and device based on a secondary pump system. The water pump control method comprises the following steps that the fact that a refrigerating unit of a cold source side is in a ready mode is detected; a primary pump is controlled to start and stop circularly according to a principle that the primary pump operates for a first preset time and stops for a second preset time; and when mode changing of the refrigerating unit is detected, the primary pump is controlled according to a changed mode. According to the water pump control method, by adjusting the operating method of the primary pump, after the cold source side of a primary loop circuit is standby, the primary pump is controlled to regularly start and stop in a timed mode; and based on the conditions that detection of the water tank temperature can be maintained and freeze of a heat transferring medium is prevented, the running time of the primary pump is reduced, and energy consumption is lowered, so that overall operating cost of the secondary pump system is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration technology field, in particular to a kind of water pump control method based on secondary pumping system
And device.
Background technology
Water tank heat exchange system, water tank heat exchange system can be widely applied in Refrigeration Engineering to include：Water tank, pump and connecting tube
Road, wherein, water tank is primarily served the effect of heat exchange to low-temperature receiver side from heat source side, and pump is responsible for heat transferring medium in low-temperature receiver side
With heat source side circulation.
Low-temperature receiver side and heat source side share same group of pump, referred to as first pump system；Low-temperature receiver side is respectively configured pump with heat source side
, referred to as secondary pumping system.Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the secondary pumping system of prior art, as shown in figure 1, secondary pumping system includes：
Low-temperature receiver side, heat source side and water tank.Wherein, composition is once for low-temperature receiver side, a pump and corresponding circulation line (cold medium supplies return pipe road)
Loop, heat source side, secondary pump and corresponding circulation line (thermal medium supplies return pipe road) composition secondary loop.Low-temperature receiver side is by a system
Cold main frame produces cold, and heat source side is generally customer loads.
It is relatively more using first pump system at present, but can not at any time adjust overall flow, it is impossible to save system energy consumption.It is existing
Using the less of secondary pumping system, but for relatively large system, because engineering ductwork pressure damaed cordition is complicated, medium is conveyed
Pipeline distance is remote, therefore or adopts secondary pumping system.Loop of secondary pumping system is typically kept always using constant flow
Operation, and use bypass line, it is ensured that water tank temperature is constant；Secondary loop according to service condition, using multiple parallel connection of pumps constant currents
Amount or single pump variable flow operation, adapt to load and crushing change.The characteristics of secondary pumping system is：One time pump discharge is constant, secondary
Pump adjusts according to demand flow.
It is to keep water tank especially after low-temperature receiver side arrival temperature is standby because a pump runs always in secondary pumping system
Temperature detection and prevent heat transferring medium from freezing, it is necessary to maintain water pump operation, cause energy consumption higher；If using variable frequency pump,
Initial stage input can be caused larger.
The content of the invention
A kind of water pump control method based on secondary pumping system and device are embodiments provided, to solve existing skill
A pump runs always in the secondary pumping system of art, the higher problem of energy consumption.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of water pump control method based on secondary pumping system, including：Detection
Refrigeration unit to low-temperature receiver side enters holding state；Pump of control according to the first Preset Time is run, stop second it is default when
Between principle circulation carry out start and stop；When the refrigeration unit generating state change is detected, controlled according to the state after change
Pump.
Preferably, first Preset Time be current media can be in the duration of water tank circulation primary；Described second is pre-
If the time is that the current media is naturally static in circulation line and not congelative duration.
Preferably, the refrigeration unit for detecting low-temperature receiver side enters holding state, including：The temperature of real-time detection water tank,
Wherein, the water tank connects and composes a loop by circulation line with the low-temperature receiver side, a pump；When the water tank
When temperature drop is to target temperature, detect whether the refrigeration unit enters holding state.
Preferably, when the refrigeration unit generating state change is detected, according to the state control after change
Pump, including：When the refrigeration unit shutdown is detected, a pump is closed；When detecting the refrigeration unit weight
During new unlatching, a pump is opened.
Preferably, a pump is closed, including：Close immediately described in a pump or time-delay closing once
Pump.
Preferably, methods described also includes：When detecting the low-temperature receiver side and persistently carrying out cooling to water tank, institute is controlled
State a pump continuous service and keep flow constant in running.
According to a further aspect in the invention, there is provided a kind of pump control unit based on secondary pumping system, including：Detection
Unit, for detecting that the refrigeration unit of low-temperature receiver side enters holding state；First control unit, for controlling a pump according to operation
First Preset Time, stopping the principle circulation of the second Preset Time carries out start and stop；Second control unit, for described when detecting
When refrigeration unit generating state changes, a pump is controlled according to the state after change.
Preferably, first Preset Time be current media can be in the duration of water tank circulation primary；Described second is pre-
If the time is that the current media is naturally static in circulation line and not congelative duration.
Preferably, the detector unit includes：First detection module, for the temperature of real-time detection water tank, wherein, institute
State water tank and loop is connected and composed with the low-temperature receiver side, a pump by circulation line；Second detection module, for working as
When dropping to target temperature at a temperature of the water tank, detect whether the refrigeration unit enters holding state.
Preferably, second control unit includes：Closedown module, for working as the refrigeration unit shutdown is detected
When, close a pump；Opening module, for when detecting the refrigeration unit and reopening, opening a pump.
Preferably, the closedown module is specifically for closing immediately described in a pump or time-delay closing once
Pump.
Preferably, described device also includes：3rd control unit, the low-temperature receiver side is detected persistently to water tank for working as
When carrying out cooling, control a pump continuous service and keep flow constant in running.
It is standby in the low-temperature receiver side of a loop by the operation method for adjusting a pump using technical scheme
Afterwards, pump of control carries out the timing start and stop operation of rule, can keep the detection to water tank temperature and prevent heat exchange to be situated between
On the basis of matter is freezed, the run time of a pump is reduced, reduce energy consumption, so as to reduce the overall operation of secondary pumping system
Cost.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, this
Bright schematic description and description does not constitute limitation of the invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the secondary pumping system of prior art；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the water pump control method based on secondary pumping system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the pump control unit based on secondary pumping system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment, but not as the limit to the present invention
It is fixed.
For in prior art, a pump in secondary pumping system runs always, causes the problem that energy consumption is higher, the present invention
Embodiment provides a kind of water pump control method based on secondary pumping system, and Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention based on secondary pump system
The flow chart of the water pump control method of system, as shown in Fig. 2 the method is comprised the following steps：
Step S201, the refrigeration unit for detecting low-temperature receiver side enters holding state.Refrigeration unit is compressed in holding state
Machine shuts down but does not shut down.
Step S202, pump of control according to the first Preset Time is run, stop the second Preset Time principle circulate into
Row start and stop.For example, the first Preset Time is A minutes, and the second Preset Time is B minutes, then a pump operation A minute, stop B point
Clock, then reruns A minutes, stops B minutes, and according to this circulating start and outage, until the state of refrigeration unit changes, for example, stops
Machine is reopened.
Step S203, when the change of refrigeration unit generating state is detected, according to the state after change a pump is controlled.
The scheme of above-described embodiment, by the operation method for adjusting a pump, after the low-temperature receiver side of a loop is standby, control
Pump of system carries out the timing start and stop operation of rule, can keep the detection to water tank temperature and prevent heat transferring medium from freezing
On the basis of, the run time of a pump is reduced, energy consumption is reduced, so as to reduce the overall operation cost of secondary pumping system.
Above-mentioned water pump control method is a pump for secondary pumping system, and the specific works of secondary pump are in the present invention not
Limit, secondary pump can be that variable delivery pump or pump group are controlled.
Above-mentioned first Preset Time (i.e. run time) is that current media can be in the duration of water tank circulation primary, and this is first pre-
If the time is more short more energy-conservation, but needs the The shortest operation time for meeting water pump to require.Above-mentioned second Preset Time is (when stopping
Between) it is that current media is naturally static in circulation line and not congelative duration, second Preset Time is more long more energy-conservation, but
Need the temperature rise rate and current heat source side payload setting for considering water tank, it is to avoid water tank temperature rises too high.So set
Put the first Preset Time and the second Preset Time, it is ensured that water tank temperature can be detected, and heat transferring medium can be prevented
Freeze.
In one embodiment, step S201 can be realized by following steps：The temperature of real-time detection water tank, wherein,
Water tank connects and composes a loop by circulation line and low-temperature receiver side, a pump；When dropping to target temperature at a temperature of water tank,
Whether detection refrigeration unit enters holding state.
In actual applications, temperature detection can be realized by temperature sensor, can detect the temperature in circulation line loop
Degree, it is preferred that the temperature of direct detection water tank.Temperature sensor may be mounted at water tank, and the temperature of so detection is water
The temperature of case, thermotonuses speed after circulation, for the timing on off control of a pump, the second Preset Time (stops
Time) can extend, the first Preset Time (i.e. run time) can shorten.If water tank installation site from refrigeration unit compared with
Far, then temperature sensor line length is longer, and temperature detecting precision can decline.
In one embodiment, step S203 can include：When refrigeration unit shutdown is detected, a pump is closed；When
When detecting refrigeration unit and reopening, a pump is opened.When refrigeration unit is shut down or reopened, no matter a pump is in
First run time or the second run time, the control for all turning off or on into water pump.Specifically, closing pump can be with
It is closing pump of pump or time-delay closing immediately, time of time-delay closing can sets itself according to demand.This enforcement
In example when refrigeration unit changes from holding state, corresponding control is made according to the state after change and (is turned off or on
Pump), ensure that the normal operation of refrigeration unit so that secondary pumping system can normally run.
In one embodiment, said method can also include：When detecting low-temperature receiver side and persistently carrying out cooling to water tank,
Control a pump continuous service and keep flow constant in running.That is, in cooling, a pump and existing skill
It is the same in art, continuous service is kept, to ensure normal cooling.
Based on same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of water pump control dress based on secondary pumping system
Put, can be used for realizing the method described by above-described embodiment.The device may be mounted in refrigeration host computer.The device with it is above-mentioned
The principle of water pump control method is consistent, repeats part and repeats no more.Used below, term " unit " or " module " can be with
Realize the software of predetermined function and/or the combination of hardware.Although the system described by following examples preferably comes real with software
It is existing, but hardware, or the realization of the combination of software and hardware is also may and to be contemplated.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the pump control unit based on secondary pumping system of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3,
The device includes：Detector unit 31, the first control unit 32 and the second control unit 33.
Detector unit 31, for detecting that the refrigeration unit of low-temperature receiver side enters holding state.Refrigeration unit in holding state,
Compressor shuts down but does not shut down.
First control unit 32, for controlling a pump according to the first Preset Time is run, stops the second Preset Time
Principle circulation carries out start and stop.For example, the first Preset Time is A minutes, and the second Preset Time is B minutes, then one time pump operation A point
Clock, stops B minutes, then reruns A minutes, stops B minutes, according to this circulating start and outage, until the state of refrigeration unit changes
Become, for example, shut down or reopen.
Second control unit 33, for when the change of refrigeration unit generating state is detected, according to the state control after change
Pump of system.
The scheme of above-described embodiment, by the operation method for adjusting a pump, after the low-temperature receiver side of a loop is standby, control
Pump of system carries out the timing start and stop operation of rule, can keep the detection to water tank temperature and prevent heat transferring medium from freezing
On the basis of, the run time of a pump is reduced, energy consumption is reduced, so as to reduce the overall operation cost of secondary pumping system.
First Preset Time is that current media can be in the duration of water tank circulation primary；Second Preset Time is that current media exists
Naturally static and not congelative duration in circulation line.
Detector unit 31 can include：First detection module, for the temperature of real-time detection water tank, wherein, water tank passes through
Circulation line connects and composes a loop with low-temperature receiver side, a pump；Second detection module, for dropping to mesh at a temperature of water tank
During mark temperature, whether detection refrigeration unit enters holding state.
In actual applications, temperature detection can be realized by temperature sensor, can detect the temperature in circulation line loop
Degree, it is preferred that the temperature of direct detection water tank.Temperature sensor may be mounted at water tank, and the temperature of so detection is water
The temperature of case, thermotonuses speed after circulation, for the timing on off control of a pump, the second Preset Time (stops
Time) can extend, the first Preset Time (i.e. run time) can shorten.If water tank installation site from refrigeration unit compared with
Far, then temperature sensor line length is longer, and temperature detecting precision can decline.
Second control unit 33 can include：Closedown module, for when refrigeration unit shutdown is detected, closing once
Pump；Opening module, for when detecting refrigeration unit and reopening, opening a pump.When refrigeration unit is shut down or is opened again
Qi Shi, no matter a pump is in the first run time or the second run time, the control for all turning off or on into water pump.Close
Mold closing block is specifically for closing immediately pump of a pump or time-delay closing.The time of time-delay closing can according to demand voluntarily
Setting.In the present embodiment when refrigeration unit changes from holding state, corresponding control is made according to the state after change
(turning off or on a pump), ensure that the normal operation of refrigeration unit so that secondary pumping system can normally run.
Said apparatus can also include：3rd control unit, persistently cooling is carried out for detecting low-temperature receiver side to water tank
When, control a pump continuous service and keep flow constant in running.That is, in cooling, a pump with it is existing
Have the same in technology, continuous service is kept, to ensure normal cooling.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine specific features, structure, material or spy that the embodiment or example are described
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be any
One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out further in detail to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Shield scope, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done etc., should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of water pump control method based on secondary pumping system, it is characterised in that include：
The refrigeration unit for detecting low-temperature receiver side enters holding state；
According to the first Preset Time is run, stop the principle circulation of the second Preset Time carries out start and stop to pump of control；
When the refrigeration unit generating state change is detected, a pump is controlled according to the state after change.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first Preset Time is that current media can be followed in water tank
Ring duration once；When second Preset Time is that the current media is naturally static and not congelative in circulation line
It is long.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the refrigeration unit for detecting low-temperature receiver side enters holding state,
Including：
The temperature of real-time detection water tank, wherein, the water tank is connected structure by circulation line with the low-temperature receiver side, a pump
Into a loop；
When dropping to target temperature at a temperature of the water tank, detect whether the refrigeration unit enters holding state.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when detecting the refrigeration unit generating state and changing,
Pump is controlled according to the state after change, including：
When the refrigeration unit shutdown is detected, a pump is closed；
When detecting the refrigeration unit and reopening, a pump is opened.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that close a pump, including：Described in closing immediately once
A pump described in pump or time-delay closing.
6. method according to any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
When detecting the low-temperature receiver side and persistently carrying out cooling to water tank, a pump continuous service is controlled and in running
Middle holding flow is constant.
7. a kind of pump control unit based on secondary pumping system, it is characterised in that include：
Detector unit, for detecting that the refrigeration unit of low-temperature receiver side enters holding state；
First control unit, for controlling a pump according to the first Preset Time is run, the principle for stopping the second Preset Time is followed
Ring carries out start and stop；
Second control unit, for when the refrigeration unit generating state change is detected, being controlled according to the state after change
Pump.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that first Preset Time is that current media can be followed in water tank
Ring duration once；When second Preset Time is that the current media is naturally static and not congelative in circulation line
It is long.
9. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the detector unit includes：
First detection module, for the temperature of real-time detection water tank, wherein, the water tank is by circulation line and the low-temperature receiver
Side, a pump connect and compose a loop；
Second detection module, during for dropping to target temperature at a temperature of the water tank, detects whether the refrigeration unit is entered
Enter holding state.
10. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that second control unit includes：
Closedown module, for when the refrigeration unit shutdown is detected, closing a pump；
Opening module, for when detecting the refrigeration unit and reopening, opening a pump.
11. devices according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the closedown module is specifically for closing immediately described one
A pump described in secondary pump or time-delay closing.
12. devices according to any one of claim 7 to 11, it is characterised in that described device also includes：
3rd control unit, holds for when detecting the low-temperature receiver side and persistently carrying out cooling to water tank, controlling a pump
Reforwarding row and in running keep flow it is constant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610980779.7A CN106568282B (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | Water pump control method and device based on secondary pumping system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610980779.7A CN106568282B (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | Water pump control method and device based on secondary pumping system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106568282A true CN106568282A (en) | 2017-04-19 |
| CN106568282B CN106568282B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
Family
ID=58540203
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610980779.7A Active CN106568282B (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | Water pump control method and device based on secondary pumping system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106568282B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001021177A (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2001-01-26 | Smc Corp | Circulating system of constant-temperature refrigerant liquid |
| CN103383121A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-06 | 南京市建筑设计研究院有限责任公司 | District air-conditioner distributed secondary pump system |
| CN105683671A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-06-15 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Device for controlling number of operating heat source devices, heat source system, control method, and program |
-
2016
- 2016-11-08 CN CN201610980779.7A patent/CN106568282B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001021177A (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2001-01-26 | Smc Corp | Circulating system of constant-temperature refrigerant liquid |
| CN103383121A (en) * | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-06 | 南京市建筑设计研究院有限责任公司 | District air-conditioner distributed secondary pump system |
| CN105683671A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-06-15 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Device for controlling number of operating heat source devices, heat source system, control method, and program |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106568282B (en) | 2019-04-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104764140B (en) | Refrigeration air-conditioning unit condensation pressure control method | |
| CN110557930B (en) | Data center cooling system and control method | |
| CN109798717B (en) | Cooling system for realizing high-precision temperature control and control method thereof | |
| CN107702904B (en) | Converter valve cooling system cold and hot alternation testing device and method | |
| CN103134145A (en) | Water-cooling water chilling unit and control method thereof | |
| CN111442438A (en) | System and control method for refrigerating machine room | |
| CN104534632B (en) | Tiny structure pipe-line system and fault handling method | |
| EP2913614B1 (en) | Groundwater thermal storage system | |
| CN111263562B (en) | Diversified integrated cooling system of data center and control method | |
| CN103292435A (en) | Air-conditioner control system and control method | |
| CN203116230U (en) | Automatic adjusting device for chilled water of air conditioner | |
| JP2004184052A (en) | Control device | |
| CN106568282A (en) | Water pump control method and device based on secondary pump system | |
| CN211903169U (en) | System of refrigerating machine room | |
| CN103090483A (en) | Water source heat pump air-conditioner capable of self-test controlling heat exchange amount and method thereof | |
| JP2004101104A (en) | Secondary pump system heating source flow variable control method and secondary pump system heating source system | |
| CN109584950B (en) | Cooling system for instrument | |
| US11079021B2 (en) | Barrier system for mechanical seal | |
| CN103292391B (en) | Air-conditioner energy storage device | |
| CN108955006B (en) | A kind of refrigeration unit evacuates the control method and refrigeration unit of shutdown | |
| CN113883626B (en) | Air conditioning system and cold charging and discharging control method of cold storage tank of air conditioning system | |
| CN110440411A (en) | Improve the refrigerant traffic organising method, apparatus and unit of unit reliability | |
| CN203147943U (en) | Water source heat pump air conditioner capable of self-detecting and self-adjusting heat exchange amount | |
| US6983616B2 (en) | Control logic for maintaining proper solution concentration in an absorption chiller in co-generation applications | |
| JP5523918B2 (en) | Refrigeration system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |