CN106568226B - A kind of the combined cooling and power system and its application method of low-grade heat driving - Google Patents
A kind of the combined cooling and power system and its application method of low-grade heat driving Download PDFInfo
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- CN106568226B CN106568226B CN201610996553.6A CN201610996553A CN106568226B CN 106568226 B CN106568226 B CN 106568226B CN 201610996553 A CN201610996553 A CN 201610996553A CN 106568226 B CN106568226 B CN 106568226B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 261
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;azane Chemical compound N.N.N.N.[Cu+2] QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 second stage Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
- Y02B30/625—Absorption based systems combined with heat or power generation [CHP], e.g. trigeneration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the combined cooling and power systems and its application method of a kind of driving of low-grade heat.System includes generating tower, condenser, liquid ammonia storage tank, triple valve, ammonia throttle valve, evaporator, absorber, solution pump, solution throttle valve, solution heat exchanger, anode chamber, cathode chamber, rectifier, use ammonia+lithium nitrate+water ternary working medium, by absorption cold supply system and battery generating system organic coupling, the high-pressure liquid ammonia that liquid ammonia storage tank comes out is divided into two-way by triple valve, enter evaporator all the way and cooling capacity is provided, another way enters anode chamber's electrolyte of primary battery, complex compound is formed with the copper ion constantly dissolved, pushes cell apparatus power generation.Anode chamber's electrolyte is heated in rectifier after the completion of power generation releases ammonia, this strand of ammonia enters absorber together with the ammonia that evaporator comes out, and is absorbed by lithium nitrate aqueous solution.The system can both realize individually power supply or independent cooling supply, can also combined cooling and power, drive energy can use the low-grade heat sources such as industrial wastewater, technique waste heat, solar water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy technology fields, it particularly relates to which a kind of realized cooling supply simultaneously using tow taste heat, supplied
The system of electricity.
Background technique
With the lasting consumption of the fossil energies such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, energy and environment problem is gradually protruded how
The sustainable development of holding energy and environment is the key subjects that the mankind face, and people also more aggravate while opening up new energy
Utilization rate depending on improving the existing energy.China is energy big country, and energy utilization rate is not high, and a large amount of waste heats are discharged in a variety of manners
Into atmosphere, this not only causes the thermal pollution of environment, also results in the waste of the energy, therefore how to improve the utilization rate of the energy
And recovery waste heat, waste heat are China's urgent problems to be solved.
Ammonia absorption type refrigeration system be one kind can use the low temperature such as cryogenic waste heat resource or solar energy, geothermal energy can be again
The Refrigeration Technique of raw driven by energy, used working medium is substance ammonia and water existing for nature, they are cheap, is ideal
Environmentally friendly working medium pair, refrigeration temperature levels can realize 10~-60 DEG C, and ammonia water absorbing refrigerator group be easy it is small-sized
Change, except ammonia solution pump is outer without other running devices therefore highly reliable, noise and vibration are small, are widely used in freezer, petroleum refining
And in other chemical processes.Traditional ammonia absorption type refrigeration system generally comprises four capital equipments, respectively rectifying column, cold
Condenser, evaporator, absorber drive generating process and distillation process by low temperature exhaust heat, concentrated solution are separated into high-purity
The dilute ammonia solution of ammonia and low concentration, ammonia are condensed into liquefied ammonia within the condenser, and liquefied ammonia enters after supercooling, reducing pressure by regulating flow
Evaporator sweat cooling, the ammonia after evaporation enter absorber and are absorbed by the weak solution from tower bottom of rectifying tower, be finally converted into
Concentrated solution returns to rectifying column after preheating, completes a circulation.
Traditional ammonia absorption type refrigeration system can only realize refrigeration, and passing research is also concentrated mainly on raising systematicness
On energy, but if no matter use which kind of working medium, modular construction how excellent only with traditional basic absorption formula refrigeration cycle
Change, the low problem of time motion efficiency cannot be driven using low-temperature heat source and high temperature heat source always by facing, therefore, the invention proposes
A kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving, drives the essence in generating tower and cuprammonium power plant using low temperature exhaust heat
Device is evaporated, and using ammonia, lithium nitrate and water ternary working medium, realizes the coupling of cooling supply and power supply, realizes cold, electricity supply.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of low-grade heat driving combined cooling and power system and
Its application method changes traditional ammonia absorption type refrigeration system, uses ammonia, lithium nitrate, water ternary working medium, organic coupling cuprammonium
Power plant enables system constantly to power using diversion three-way valve, converging three-way valve switching channel, the essence in system
The low-grade heat sources such as industrial wastewater, technique waste heat, solar water can be made full use of by evaporating device and generating tower, both can individually be supplied
Cold or independent power supply, can also cold, electricity supply, accomplish energy-saving and emission-reduction conscientiously.
A kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving, which includes: generating tower, condenser, liquid ammonia storage tank, first
Diversion three-way valve, the first ammonia throttle valve, evaporator, absorber, solution pump, solution throttle valve, solution heat exchanger, the throttling of the second ammonia
Valve, the second diversion three-way valve, anode chamber, cathode chamber, converging three-way valve, working medium pump, rectifier, third diversion three-way valve, wherein
The outlet of absorber is connected with solution pump, and solution pump is connected with solution heat exchanger, and solution heat exchanger enters with generating tower respectively
Mouth is connected with outlet at bottom, and solution heat exchanger is connected with solution throttle valve, and solution throttle valve is connected with the entrance of absorber
It connects；The top exit of generating tower is successively connected with condenser, liquid ammonia storage tank, the first diversion three-way valve, the first diversion three-way valve
Dividing two-way, is successively connected all the way with the first ammonia throttle valve, evaporator, the outlet of evaporator is connected with the import of absorber,
Another way and the second ammonia throttle valve, the second diversion three-way valve, anode chamber, cathode chamber, converging three-way valve, working medium pump, rectifier connect
It connects, the top exit of rectifier is connected with the entrance of absorber, and the outlet at bottom of rectifier is connected with third diversion three-way valve
It connects, third diversion three-way valve is connect with anode chamber, cathode chamber.
The first diversion three-way valve is used to shunt the liquefied ammonia of liquid ammonia storage tank outflow, and the second diversion three-way valve is for shunting
The liquefied ammonia of second ammonia throttle valve reducing pressure by regulating flow, third diversion three-way valve is for shunting the solution after rectifier rectifying.
The anode chamber, cathode chamber are the reaction chambers of cuprammonium chemical cell anode, cathode.
The cuprammonium chemical cell refers to that cuprammonium primary battery, galvanic anode and cathode are all copper electrode, Anodic
Happens is that copper reacts with ammonia water generation cupric ammine complex, the reaction that cathode occurs is that copper ion is reduced to copper.
The rectifier is driven using low-grade heat source, and rectifying separates anode chamber or cathode chamber solution after the reaction was completed,
Its top is connected with absorber, returns to the ammonia that rectifying obtains, and bottom passes through third diversion three-way valve for the solution after rectifying
It is back to anode chamber or cathode chamber.
The working medium that the system uses is ammonia, lithium nitrate, water ternary working medium, ternary working medium by absorption cold supply system with
Battery generating system organic coupling realizes cold, electricity supply.
A method of using the combined cooling and power system, absorber exports the concentrated solution containing ammonia, lithium nitrate by molten
Liquid pump, solution heat exchanger enter generating tower, and generating tower generates ammonia under low-grade heat source driving and containing the weak solution of lithium nitrate,
Weak solution is back to absorber by solution heat exchanger, solution throttle valve, completes solution loop circulation；And the ammonia generated passes through
Condenser is condensed into liquefied ammonia, is connected with liquid ammonia storage tank, the first diversion three-way valve, and liquefied ammonia is divided into two by the first diversion three-way valve
Road, wherein being back to absorber by lithium nitrate water into evaporator sweat cooling by the first ammonia throttle valve reducing pressure by regulating flow all the way
Weak solution absorbs；Another way enters the power generation of cuprammonium power plant by the second ammonia throttle valve, is then back to absorber quilt
Lithium nitrate water weak solution absorbs.
The cycle of operation of the cuprammonium power plant power supply is divided into two stages, the first stage: is shunted by first
The liquefied ammonia that triple valve shunts passes through the second ammonia throttle valve reducing pressure by regulating flow, flows to anode chamber by the second diversion three-way valve, anode occurs
Reaction generates cupric ammine complex, and cathode chamber occurs cathode reaction and generates copper, and anode and cathode reaction constitutes primary battery, produces electricl energy, instead
After the completion of answering, the solution of anode chamber enters rectifier by converging three-way valve, working medium pump, and rectifier is under low-grade heat source driving
Rectifying generates the anolyte of ammonia and copper ions, and anolyte is back to anode chamber by third diversion three-way valve, and generate
Ammonia is back to absorber, and the first stage of cuprammonium cell power generation operation completes, into second stage；Second stage: by first
The liquefied ammonia that diversion three-way valve shunts passes through the second ammonia throttle valve reducing pressure by regulating flow, by the second diversion three-way valve by the flows of liquid ammonia after decompression
It to cathode chamber, is reacted with the first stage in the copper that cathode chamber restores and generates cupric ammine complex, the reduction first stage occurs for anode chamber
The reaction that copper is generated by the copper ion that rectifier rectifying returns, constitutes new primary battery, produces electricl energy, cathode after the reaction was completed
Room solution passes through converging three-way valve, is pumped to rectifier by working medium, rectifying generates the catholyte of ammonia and copper ions, catholyte
Cathode chamber is back to by third diversion three-way valve, the ammonia of generation is back to absorber, and the second of the operation of cuprammonium cell power generation
Stage completes.Second stage operation completes to indicate that a cycle of generator operation is completed, and is prepared to enter into first rank in next period
Section.Therefore, logical by the second diversion three-way valve, converging three-way valve, third diversion three-way Vavle switching in cuprammonium power plant
Road runs battery in turn with second stage in the first stage, the anode of generator operation a cycle battery and the copper electricity of cathode
Pole will not be consumed, and become reproducible primary battery, to constantly export electric energy outward.
In terms of above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the following advantages:
1. a kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving provided by the invention, can make full use of industrial wastewater, work
Low-grade heat source such as skill waste heat, solar water, achieves energy-saving and emission reduction purposes.
2. a kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving provided by the invention, uses ammonia, lithium nitrate, water ternary work
Cold supply system and power supply system are realized organic coupling, realize combined cooling and power by matter.
3. a kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving provided by the invention, can not only be individually used for refrigeration or single
It is solely used in power supply, combined cooling and power can also be used for simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of first stage signal of the combined cooling and power system power supply cycle of operation of low-grade heat driving of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of second stage signal of the combined cooling and power system power supply cycle of operation of low-grade heat driving of the present invention
Figure；
In figure: 1. generating towers, 2. condensers, 3. liquid ammonia storage tanks, 4. first diversion three-way valves, 5. first ammonia throttle valves, 6.
Evaporator, 7. absorbers, 8. solution pumps, 9. solution throttle valves, 10. solution heat exchangers, 11. second ammonia throttle valves, 12. second points
Flow triple valve, 13. anode chambers, 14. cathode chambers, 15. converging three-way valves, 16. working medium pumps, 17. rectifiers, 18. thirds shunting three
Port valve.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving, the system include: generating tower 1, condenser 2,
Liquid ammonia storage tank 3, the first diversion three-way valve 4, the first ammonia throttle valve 5, evaporator 6, absorber 7, solution pump 8, solution throttle valve 9,
Solution heat exchanger 10, the second ammonia throttle valve 11, the second diversion three-way valve 12, anode chamber 13, cathode chamber 14, converging three-way valve 15,
Working medium pump 16, rectifier 17, third diversion three-way valve 18, wherein the outlet of absorber 7 is connected with solution pump 8, solution pump 8
It is connected with solution heat exchanger 10, solution heat exchanger 10 is connected with 1 entrance of generating tower and outlet at bottom respectively, solution heat exchanger
10 are connected with solution throttle valve 9, and solution throttle valve 9 is connected with the entrance of absorber 7；The top exit of generating tower 1 is successively
It is connected with condenser 2, liquid ammonia storage tank 3, the first diversion three-way valve 4, the first diversion three-way valve 4 divides two-way, all the way successively with
One ammonia throttle valve 5, evaporator 6 are connected, and the outlet of evaporator 6 is connected with the import of absorber 7, another way and the second ammonia section
Valve 11, the second diversion three-way valve 12, anode chamber 13, cathode chamber 14, converging three-way valve 15, working medium pump 16, the connection of rectifier 17 are flowed,
The top exit of rectifier 17 is connected with the entrance of absorber 7, the outlet at bottom and third diversion three-way valve 18 of rectifier 17
It is connected, third diversion three-way valve 18 is connect with anode chamber 13, cathode chamber 14.
(1) specific working method when system combined cooling and power of the invention are as follows:
Absorber 7 exports the concentrated solution containing ammonia, lithium nitrate by the pressurization of solution pump 8, the heat exchange heating of solution heat exchanger 10
Enter generating tower 1 afterwards, generating tower 1 generates ammonia under low-grade heat source heating and containing the weak solution of lithium nitrate, and weak solution is passed through
Absorber 7 is back to after the heat exchange of solution heat exchanger 10 cooling, 9 reducing pressure by regulating flow of solution throttle valve, the circulation loop of solution is completed；And
The ammonia that rectifying generates is condensed into liquefied ammonia by condenser 2 and enters liquid ammonia storage tank 3, liquid ammonia storage tank 3 and 4 phase of the first diversion three-way valve
Liquefied ammonia is divided into two-way by connection, the first diversion three-way valve 4, wherein entering evaporator 6 by the stream decompression of the first ammonia throttle valve 5 all the way
Sweat cooling, the ammonia after refrigeration are back to absorber 7 and are absorbed by weak solution, and refrigeration cycle is completed；Another way is passed through
Second ammonia throttle valve 11 enters cuprammonium power plant, and cuprammonium power plant powered operation can be divided into two stages, the
One stage, as shown in Figure 2: entering anode chamber by the second diversion three-way valve 12 by the liquefied ammonia of 11 reducing pressure by regulating flow of the second ammonia throttle valve
13, ammonium hydroxide occurs and reacts generation cupric ammine complex with copper, the reaction that copper ion is reduced to copper occurs for cathode chamber 14, constitutes former electricity
Pond produces electricl energy, and the solution of anode chamber 13 enters rectifier 17, essence by converging three-way valve 15, working medium pump 16 after the completion of electric discharge
The anolyte that the solution of rectifying containing cupric ammine complex under the heating of low-grade heat source of device 17 generates ammonia and copper ions is evaporated, is contained
The anolyte of copper ion is back to anode chamber 13 by third diversion three-way valve 18, and the ammonia generated is back to 7 quilt of absorber
Weak solution absorbs, and the first stage of powered operation, which runs, completes, into next stage；Second stage, as shown in Figure 3: by second
The liquefied ammonia of 11 reducing pressure by regulating flow of ammonia throttle valve enters cathode chamber 14 by the second diversion three-way valve 12, with the first stage in cathode chamber 14
The copper reaction of reduction generates cupric ammine complex, and it is also primary that the copper ion returned in the first stage by rectifier 17 occurs for anode chamber 13
At the reaction of copper, i.e. second stage, anode reaction occurs for cathode chamber 14, and cathode reaction occurs for anode chamber 13, constitutes new original electricity
Pond produces electricl energy, and solution of the cathode chamber 14 containing cupric ammine complex after the reaction was completed passes through converging three-way valve 15, by working medium pump 16
Rectifier 17 is inputted, rectifying generates the catholyte of ammonia and copper ions, and catholyte is back to by third diversion three-way valve 18
Cathode chamber 14, the ammonia of generation are back to absorber 7 and are absorbed by weak solution, and the second stage of powered operation is completed.With second
The a cycle of the completion in stage, powered operation is completed, and next cycle of operation i.e. first stage, second stage are prepared to enter into.Cause
This, is switched logical by the second diversion three-way valve 12, converging three-way valve 15, third diversion three-way valve 18 in cuprammonium power plant
Road runs cuprammonium battery in turn with second stage in the first stage, makes the battery copper that anode reaction consumes in the first stage just
Fortunately second stage is reduced, and the copper that first stage cathode reaction generates is consumed in second stage, such battery operation one
The copper electrode of the anode of battery and cathode will not be consumed after period, become reproducible primary battery, constantly export electric energy outward.
To keep cuprammonium cell apparatus power supply the principle clearer, the working principle of lower cuprammonium battery is illustrated.Cuprammonium electricity
Pond refers to cuprammonium primary battery, and the cathode and anode of primary battery all use copper electrode, and constitute liquid using anion-exchange membrane and connect
Battery.The duty cycle of battery can be divided into two stages, the first stage: when liquefied ammonia is passed through anode chamber, will lead to the former electricity of cuprammonium
There are the difference of ammonia density, the copper of anode generation at this time reacts with ammonia water generation cupric ammine complex, has for the cathode chamber in pond and anode chamber
Vivo reaction type are as follows: Cu(s)+4 NH3(aq) → Cu (NH3)4 2+(aq)+2e-, cathode occur copper ion obtain electron reduction
For the reaction of copper, specific reaction equation are as follows: Cu2+(aq)+2e-→ Cu(s), it is produced electricl energy while cathode is with anode reaction,
And it exports outward.After the completion of cell reaction, anode chamber's solution enters rectifier, drives rectifier rectifying using low-grade heat source
Containing the solution of cupric ammine complex after reaction, the anolyte and ammonia of copper ions are generated, specific reaction equation is: Cu (NH3)4 2+
(aq) → Cu2(aq)+4NH3, the solution of copper ions returns to anode chamber, and ammonia is then passed through absorber, and the of cuprammonium primary battery
One stage running is completed, into second stage.In second stage: liquefied ammonia is passed into the cathode chamber of battery, with first stage of reduction
Obtained copper, which reacts, generates cupric ammine complex, and anode chamber occurs the copper ion that reduction first stage rectifier returns and generates copper
Reaction, it can be found that second stage cathode chamber is happens is that anode reaction, anode chamber is happens is that cathode reaction, so that cuprammonium
The copper that anode consumes when primary battery reacts in the first stage is reduced in second stage to be retrieved, the cathode when first stage reacts
The copper that reduction obtains is reacted with ammonia water in second stage to be consumed, in this way, after cuprammonium primary battery operation a cycle, cathode and sun
The copper electrode of pole will not be consumed, and become reproducible primary battery, system is enabled constantly to export electric energy.
(2) system of the invention is used for specific working method when independent cooling supply are as follows:
Absorber 7, which exports after the concentrated solution containing ammonia, lithium nitrate is heated up by the pressurization of solution pump 8, solution heat exchanger 10, to be entered
Generating tower 1, generating tower 1 issues production ammonifying gas in the driving of low-grade heat source and containing the weak solution of lithium nitrate, weak solution passes through
Absorber 7 is back to after the cooling of solution heat exchanger 10,9 reducing pressure by regulating flow of solution throttle valve, the circulation loop of solution is completed；And occur
The ammonia of generation enters condenser 2 by tower top and is condensed into liquefied ammonia, and liquefied ammonia enters the first diversion three-way after entering liquid ammonia storage tank 3
Valve 4, when separate refrigeration, liquefied ammonia is only led to the first ammonia throttle valve 5 by the first diversion three-way valve 4, the first ammonia throttle valve 5 by liquefied ammonia into
Enter 6 sweat cooling of evaporator after row reducing pressure by regulating flow, the ammonia for generation of freezing enters absorber 7, absorbed by weak solution, and refrigeration is followed
Loop back path is completed.
(3) specific working method when system of the invention is for individually powering are as follows:
The cycle of operation of power supply is made of two stages.First stage: absorber 7 exports the concentrated solution containing ammonia, lithium nitrate
Enter generating tower 1 after heating up by the pressurization of solution pump 8, solution heat exchanger 10 to occur to generate ammonia and containing the weak solution of lithium nitrate,
Weak solution is by being back to absorber 7, the circulation loop of solution after the cooling of solution heat exchanger 10,9 reducing pressure by regulating flow of solution throttle valve
It completes；And the ammonia generated enters condenser 2 by tower top and is condensed into liquefied ammonia, into liquid ammonia storage tank 3 after enter first
Diversion three-way valve 4, individually when power supply, liquefied ammonia is only led to the second ammonia throttle valve 11 by the first diversion three-way valve 4, and liquefied ammonia passes through second
After 11 reducing pressure by regulating flow of ammonia throttle valve, liquefied ammonia is passed through anode chamber 13, cuprammonium primary battery anode and yin by the second diversion three-way valve 12
Pole generates the difference of ammonia density, and cathode reacts with anode, produces electricl energy, and exports outward, contains copper ammonia complexation after the reaction was completed
The anolyte of object is input to rectifier 17, driving of the rectifier 17 in low-grade heat source by converging three-way valve 15, working medium pump 16
Lower rectifying generates the anolyte of ammonia and copper ions, and ammonia is back to absorber 7 and is absorbed by weak solution, and the sun of copper ions
Pole liquid is back to anode chamber 13 by third diversion three-way valve 18, the first stage in powered operation period is completed, when the copper of anode
When electrode will consume, powered operation is switched to the second stage of the cycle of operation.Second stage: by 11 section of the second ammonia throttle valve
Liquefied ammonia after stream decompression enters the second diversion three-way valve 12, and liquefied ammonia is input to cathode chamber 14 by the second diversion three-way valve 12, with the
The copper reaction of one stage cathodic reduction generates cupric ammine complex, and the generation of the anode chamber 13 reduction first stage is returned by rectifier 17
Anolyte in copper ion generate copper reaction export electric energy outward, after the reaction was completed to constitute new cuprammonium primary battery
Solution of the cathode chamber 14 containing cupric ammine complex also passes through converging three-way valve 15, working medium pump 16 is input to rectifier 17, rectifier
17 under low-grade heat source driving rectifying generate the catholyte of ammonia and copper ions, ammonia is back to absorber 7 by weak solution
It is absorbed, and the catholyte of copper ions is back to cathode chamber 14 by third diversion three-way valve 18, second stage operation is completed,
With the completion that second stage is run, a cycle of system power supply operation is completed, and is prepared to enter into next period, i.e. the first rank
Section, second stage.
Therefore, it is cut in the electric mode by the second diversion three-way valve 12, converging three-way valve 15, third diversion three-way valve 18
Channel is changed, runs cuprammonium primary battery in turn with second stage in the first stage, cuprammonium is former after such powered operation a cycle
The anode of battery and the copper electrode of cathode will not be consumed, and become reproducible primary battery, so that system can be exported constantly
Electric energy.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of combined cooling and power system of low-grade heat driving, which is characterized in that the system includes: generating tower (1), condenser
(2), liquid ammonia storage tank (3), the first diversion three-way valve (4), the first ammonia throttle valve (5), evaporator (6), absorber (7), solution pump
(8), solution throttle valve (9), solution heat exchanger (10), the second ammonia throttle valve (11), the second diversion three-way valve (12), anode chamber
(13), cathode chamber (14), converging three-way valve (15), working medium pump (16), rectifier (17), third diversion three-way valve (18), wherein
The outlet of absorber (7) is connected with solution pump (8), and solution pump (8) is connected with solution heat exchanger (10), solution heat exchanger
(10) it is connected respectively with generating tower (1) entrance and outlet at bottom, solution heat exchanger (10) is connected with solution throttle valve (9),
Solution throttle valve (9) is connected with the entrance of absorber (7)；The top exit of generating tower (1) successively with condenser (2), liquefied ammonia
Storage tank (3), the first diversion three-way valve (4) are connected, and the first diversion three-way valve (4) divides two-way, successively throttle all the way with the first ammonia
Valve (5), evaporator (6) are connected, and the outlet of evaporator (6) is connected with the import of absorber (7), another way and the second ammonia section
Flow valve (11), the second diversion three-way valve (12), anode chamber (13), cathode chamber (14), converging three-way valve (15), working medium pump (16),
Rectifier (17) connection, the top exit of rectifier (17) are connected with the entrance of absorber (7), and the bottom of rectifier (17) goes out
Mouth is connected with third diversion three-way valve (18), third diversion three-way valve (18) is connect with anode chamber (13), cathode chamber (14).
2. combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first diversion three-way valve (4) is used for
The liquefied ammonia of liquid ammonia storage tank (3) outflow is shunted, the second diversion three-way valve (12) is for shunting second ammonia throttle valve (11) reducing pressure by regulating flow
Liquefied ammonia, third diversion three-way valve (18) is for shunting the solution after rectifier (17) rectifying.
3. combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anode chamber (13), cathode chamber (14)
It is the reaction chamber of cuprammonium chemical cell anode, cathode.
4. combined cooling and power system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the cuprammonium chemical cell refers to cuprammonium
Primary battery, galvanic anode and cathode are all copper electrodes, and Anodic is happens is that copper reacts with ammonia water generation cupric ammine complex, yin
The reaction that pole occurs is that copper ion is reduced to copper.
5. combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rectifier (17) utilizes low-grade heat
Source driving, rectifying separate anode chamber (13) or cathode chamber (14) solution after the reaction was completed, and top is connected with absorber (7),
Return to the obtained ammonia of rectifying, bottom by third diversion three-way valve (18) by the solution after rectifying be back to anode chamber (13) or
Cathode chamber (14).
6. combined cooling and power system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the working medium that the system uses is ammonia, nitre
Absorption cold supply system and battery generating system organic coupling are realized cold, electricity supply by sour lithium, water ternary working medium, ternary working medium.
7. a kind of method for applying combined cooling and power system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that contain absorber (7) outlet
Ammonia, lithium nitrate concentrated solution by solution pump (8), solution heat exchanger (10) enter generating tower (1), generating tower (1) is low-grade
Heat source driving is lower to generate ammonia and the weak solution containing lithium nitrate, and weak solution is returned by solution heat exchanger (10), solution throttle valve (9)
It is back to absorber (7), completes solution loop circulation；And the ammonia generated is condensed into liquefied ammonia by condenser (2), with liquid ammonia storage tank
(3), the first diversion three-way valve (4) is connected, and liquefied ammonia is divided into two-way by the first diversion three-way valve (4), wherein passing through first all the way
Ammonia throttle valve (5) reducing pressure by regulating flow is back to absorber (7) and is inhaled by lithium nitrate water weak solution into evaporator (6) sweat cooling
It receives；Another way generates electricity by the second ammonia throttle valve (11) into cuprammonium power plant, is then back to absorber (7) by nitre
Sour lithium water weak solution absorbs.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the cycle of operation that the cuprammonium power plant is powered
Be divided into two stages, the first stage: the liquefied ammonia shunted by the first diversion three-way valve (4) is by the second ammonia throttle valve (11) throttling drop
Pressure, is flowed to anode chamber (13) by the second diversion three-way valve (12), and anode reaction occurs and generates cupric ammine complex, cathode chamber (14) hair
Raw cathode reaction generates copper, and anode and cathode reaction constitutes primary battery, produces electricl energy, and after the reaction was completed, the solution of anode chamber (13) passes through
Cross converging three-way valve (15), working medium pump (16) enters rectifier (17), rectifier (17) rectifying production under low-grade heat source driving
The anolyte of ammonifying gas and copper ions, anolyte is back to anode chamber (13) by third diversion three-way valve (18), and generates
Ammonia be back to absorber (7), cuprammonium cell power generation operation first stage complete, into second stage；Second stage: by
The liquefied ammonia that first diversion three-way valve (4) shunts passes through second ammonia throttle valve (11) reducing pressure by regulating flow, by the second diversion three-way valve (12)
Liquefied ammonia after decompression is flowed into cathode chamber (14), is reacted with the first stage in the copper that cathode chamber (14) restores and generates copper ammonia complexation
The reaction for the reduction first stage copper being generated by the copper ion that rectifier (17) rectifying returns occurs for object, anode chamber (13), constitutes new
Primary battery, produce electricl energy, cathode chamber (14) solution after the reaction was completed passes through converging three-way valve (15), is sent by working medium pump (16)
To rectifier (17), rectifying generates the catholyte of ammonia and copper ions, and catholyte is returned by third diversion three-way valve (18)
To cathode chamber, the ammonia of generation is back to absorber (7), and the second stage of cuprammonium cell power generation operation is completed, second stage fortune
Row completes to indicate that a cycle of generator operation is completed, and is prepared to enter into the first stage in next period.
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