CN106566930A - Process for recovering cadmium from cadmium-contained incineration slag - Google Patents
Process for recovering cadmium from cadmium-contained incineration slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN106566930A CN106566930A CN201610945805.2A CN201610945805A CN106566930A CN 106566930 A CN106566930 A CN 106566930A CN 201610945805 A CN201610945805 A CN 201610945805A CN 106566930 A CN106566930 A CN 106566930A
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- cadmium
- incineration slag
- liquid
- slag containing
- acid
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTXYFVHXMBFNNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [As].[Cd].[Pb] Chemical compound [As].[Cd].[Pb] VTXYFVHXMBFNNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2] CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B17/00—Obtaining cadmium
- C22B17/04—Obtaining cadmium by wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/16—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for recovering cadmium from cadmium-contained incineration slag. The process comprises the following steps: water leaching: the cadmium-contained incineration slag is leached by water, so that soluble salt in the cadmium-contained incineration slag is dissolved in the water; and water leaching liquid is obtained, and is separated from the cadmium-contained incineration slag; heap leaching: according to the properties of cadmium in the cadmium-contained incineration slag, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid is selected for segmented heap leaching, so that cadmium enters heap leaching liquid, and the content of cadmium in the cadmium-contained incineration slag reaches the discharge standard; enrichment: according to the properties of cadmium in the heap leaching liquid, resins are adopted to absorb low-concentration cadmium in the heap leaching liquid; cadmium is enriched in the resins; and absorption post liquid is obtained, and is returned for secondary heap leaching; desorption: the selected cadmium is used for absorbing the resins; and the sulfuric acid is adopted to desorb the absorbed resins at normal temperature to obtain cadmium liquid; and electrolysis: the cadmium liquid is electrolyzed; cadmium ions in solution are separated out on a cathode plate in a cadmium ingot form; and electrolysis post liquid is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy metal recovery Technology field, is related to a kind of technique that cadmium is reclaimed from incineration slag containing cadmium.
Background technology
Used as the important component part that plant extract is repaired, the disposal of heavy metal accumulation plant biomass is considered as restriction
One of key factor of phytoremediation commercial applications.Based on minimizing, innoxious and resource principle, in recent years numerous researchs
Person is devoted to using burning method, ashing method, composting process, compression landfill method, high-temperature decomposition, liquid-phase extraction method and plant metallurgical etc.
Technology disposes heavy metal accumulation plant biomass, achieves a series of important research achievement.From phytoremediation to rehabilitation plant
Dispose without more advanced Technology, at present using it is more be heavy metal smelting recovery technology technique.However, using a huge sum of money
Category smelting technique typically requires that heavy metallic oxide content can just be sold to smelting enterprise and be processed up to 20~50%.When cadmium contains
When measuring relatively low, it is contemplated that loading and cost of transportation, the profit that smelting enterprise obtains is relatively low, it is impossible to process.Soil remediation enterprise is then
The plant biomass that higher cost heavy metal content need to be spent relatively low carries out innoxious landfill.
The post processing of China's hyperaccumulative plant relatively low to cadmium content is mainly using burning and landfill disposal.Believe Shenzhen ten thousand
Stabilizing treatment is carried out to rich cadmium plant burning ash up to ecological environment limited company, then adds cement to be solidified into spherical or block
Shape, after air-drying there is water proof place in landfill or heap.Inst of Geographic Science and Resources, Chiense Academy of Sciences is using Semen Ricini and Herba pteridis vittatae
It is enriched with cadmium lead arsenic in polluted soil, makees innoxious landfill using burning or after compressing.Current solid waste fills cost
200 yuan/ton or so, high cost;Cadmium is soluble in acid mainly with oxidised form presence in incineration slag and ash, and acid is still suffered from after landfill
Rain etch heavy metal ion spillage risk, can cause secondary pollution.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of technique that cadmium is reclaimed from incineration slag containing cadmium, with small investment, production cost
It is low, do not cause the features such as secondary pollution, sustainable recovery.
A kind of technique that cadmium is reclaimed from incineration slag containing cadmium of the present invention, the processing step includes:
First it is water logging, cadmium incineration slag water extraction will be contained, make solubility salt in incineration slag containing cadmium be dissolved in water, and obtains
Infusion, infusion is separated with incineration slag containing cadmium;
Next to that dump leaching, according to the property of cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium, selects sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid to carry out segmentation dump leaching,
Cadmium is set to enter heap leaching solution so that cadmium content reaches discharge standard in incineration slag containing cadmium;With the solubility salt extracted in infusion
Mix, make fertilizer;
It is again enrichment, according to the property of cadmium in heap leaching solution, using low concentration cadmium in resin absorption heap leaching solution, is enriched with cadmium
In resin, and liquid after being adsorbed, liquid is returned and continues secondary dump leaching after absorption;
Followed by desorbing, for selected cadmium adsorbent resin, using hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid at normal temperatures to the tree after absorption
Fat carries out desorbing, obtains cadmium liquid;
It is finally electrolysis, cadmium liquid is electrolysed, cadmium ion is separated out in cadmium ingot form in minus plate in solution, and obtains electricity
Liquid after solution.
Further, in dump leaching process, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid or concentration of nitric acid are 1g/L to 100g/L.
Further, in desorption technique, sulfuric acid concentration is 0.1mol/L to 10mol/L.
Further, the resin includes that Iminodiacetic acid resin (D401), D006 resins, highly acidic cation are exchanged
Resin (001 × 7), macropore phosphoric acid resin.
Further, resin return is continuing with after desorbing.
Further, electrolytic liquid is returned and continues dump leaching next group incineration slag containing cadmium.
Further, in electrolysis process, negative electrode is made with aluminium sheet, with pure lead or pb-ag alloy plate anode, negative electrode, anode point is made
Fa Sheng not react as follows:
Cathode reaction is:Cd2++2e=Cd ↓
Anode reaction:2OH--2e=H2O+1/2O2 ↑.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:Small investment, production can be carried out to the cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium
The recovery of low cost, it is to avoid in prior art, the shortcoming of landfill disposal is carried out to incineration slag containing cadmium, do not cause secondary pollution.
Description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention, below by to be used needed for embodiment
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, for this area
For those of ordinary skill, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with according to these other accompanying drawings of accompanying drawings acquisition.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process chart that cadmium is reclaimed from incineration slag containing cadmium of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention one, as shown in figure 1, a kind of technique that cadmium is reclaimed from incineration slag containing cadmium, its processing step is:
First it is water logging, cadmium incineration slag water extraction will be contained, water is 3 with the ratio of incineration slag containing cadmium:1, make incineration slag containing cadmium
Middle solubility salt is dissolved in water, and obtains infusion, wherein, solubility salt is mainly sodium, potassium salt class, with cadmium oxide point
From;
Next to that dump leaching, according to the property of cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium, selects concentration to carry out segmentation heap for the sulphuric acid of 10g/L
Leaching, liquid-solid ratio (sulphuric acid and the ratio of incineration slag containing cadmium) is 3:1, make cadmium enter heap leaching solution so that cadmium content reaches in incineration slag containing cadmium
To after discharge standard, mix with the solubility salt of extraction in infusion, make fertilizer;
It is again enrichment, according to the property of cadmium in heap leaching solution, dump leaching is adsorbed using storng-acid cation exchange resin D006
Low concentration cadmium in liquid, makes cadmium be enriched in resin, and liquid after being adsorbed, and cadmium content is very low in liquid after the absorption after absorption
(storng-acid cation exchange resin D006 is 20mg/g to the adsorption capacity of cadmium), liquid is returned and continues secondary dump leaching after absorption;
Followed by desorbing, for selected cadmium adsorbent resin, using 0.1mol/L to 10mol/L sulphuric acid at normal temperatures
Carry out desorbing to the storng-acid cation exchange resin D006 after absorption, obtain the cadmium liquid of high concentration, after desorbing resin return after
Continuous to use, the desorption efficiency of resin can reach more than 96%;
It is finally electrolysis, cadmium liquid is electrolysed, negative electrode is made with aluminium sheet, makees anode with pure stereotype, to the cadmium liquid after desorbing
It is electrolysed, cadmium ion is separated out in cadmium ingot form in minus plate in solution, cadmium >=99.00% is contained in cadmium ingot product, and is obtained electricity
Liquid after solution, electrolytic liquid contains the acid of higher concentration, returns and continues dump leaching next group incineration slag containing cadmium.
There is following reaction respectively in anode and cathode:
Cathode reaction is:Cd2++2e=Cd ↓
Anode reaction:2OH--2e=H2O+1/2O2 ↑
After water logging containing solubility salt aqueous solution return continue water logging next group incineration residue containing cadmium, until in water can
The close saturation of dissolubility salt, the solubility salt aqueous solution of the close saturation obtains solid salt, as fertilizer by being evaporated to dryness
Material supplies industrial application.
According to the physicochemical properties of cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium, hyperaccumulative plant after burning cadmium mainly with Aska-Rid. shape
Formula is present, and dissolves in the acids such as sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.(Aska-Rid. acid leaching process has dump leaching and leaching.Dump leaching and stirring
Leaching is compared, and with low production cost, material consumption be low, capital construction cycle is short, instant effect, the advantages of environmental pollution is little, is adapted to process low
Grade ore deposit.Seldom, general per kilogram plant passes through and burns heavy metal amount contained by hyperaccumulative plant containing heavy metal ten to hundreds of milligrams
After burning, incineration residue total amount is down to 10% or so, and content of beary metal reaches 0.01~0.1%, preferably using dump leaching method at
Reason.)
In order that cadmium content is reduced to discharge standard in incineration slag containing cadmium, multiple dump leaching need to be carried out, acid concentration is reduced step by step,
Last is washed using tap water, it is ensured that residual acid and cadmium content reach discharge standard in incineration slag containing cadmium, then with water logging
The solubility salt extracted in liquid mixes fertilizer processed.
As shown in figure 1, washings and heap leaching solution Returning utilization step by step, realizes the recycling of solution;The leaching of cadmium can be made
Go out rate and reach more than 99%.
In the present embodiment, after sour dump leaching process, cadmium content is reduced to 0.95g/t to incineration slag containing cadmium in slag, reaches row
Standard is put, the response rate of cadmium is 99.07% in dump leaching method, the saturated adsorption capacity of acid resin for cadmium is 20g/kg, and desorption efficiency is more than
96%, cadmium >=99.00% is contained in cadmium ingot.
A kind of technique that cadmium is reclaimed from incineration slag containing cadmium of the present invention, it can effectively solve the problem that heavy metal accumulation plant biological
The post processing problem of matter, first being reclaimed using water seaoning can be as the sodium of fertilizer, potassium salt class, then using suitable in incineration slag containing cadmium
The acid of concentration carries out segmentation dump leaching, makes cadmium in residue enter heap leaching solution, reaches discharge standard, and cadmium is made using repeatable in heap leaching solution
With resin carry out adsorption and enrichment, then desorbing is carried out using suitable acid, obtain high concentration cadmium liquid, be finally electrolysed, obtain
There must be the cadmium ingot product of economic benefit, electrolytic liquid contains the acid of higher concentration, can return to continuation acidleach next group and burn residual
Slag, reduces medicament usage amount, realizes environmental protection and benefit doulbe-sides' victory.
The embodiment of the present invention two, and unlike embodiment one,
In dump leaching process, selecting concentration for the hydrochloric acid of 10g/L carries out segmentation dump leaching, liquid-solid ratio (hydrochloric acid and incineration slag containing cadmium
Ratio) it is 3:1.
In process of enriching, the cadmium in heap leaching solution, imido oxalic acid tree are adsorbed using Iminodiacetic acid resin (D401)
Fat (D401) is 350mg/g to the adsorption capacity of cadmium.
In desorption technique, using the hydrochloric acid of 0.5mol/L at normal temperatures to the Iminodiacetic acid resin after absorption cadmium
(D401) desorbing is carried out.The cadmium liquid of high concentration is obtained, resin is returned and is continuing with after desorbing.The desorption efficiency of resin can reach
100%.
In electrolysis process, negative electrode is made with aluminium sheet, with pb-ag alloy (argentiferous<1%) plate makees anode, to the Caddy (Cleary) after desorbing
Solution is electrolysed, and cadmium ion is separated out in cadmium ingot form in minus plate in solution.It is 99.93% to contain cadmium in cadmium ingot product.Negative and positive
There is following reaction respectively in pole:
Cathode reaction is:Cd2++2e=Cd ↓
Anode reaction:2OH--2e=H2O+1/2O2 ↑.
After sour dump leaching process, cadmium content is reduced to incineration slag containing cadmium described in the present embodiment in incineration slag containing cadmium
0.99g/t, reaches discharge standard, and the response rate of cadmium is 99.35% in dump leaching, and the saturated adsorption capacity of acid resin for cadmium is 350g/
Kg, desorption efficiency reaches 100%, cadmium content >=99.93% in cadmium ingot.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent or improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that the processing step includes:
First it is water logging, cadmium incineration slag water extraction will be contained, make solubility salt in incineration slag containing cadmium be dissolved in water, and obtains water logging
Liquid, infusion is separated with incineration slag containing cadmium;
Next to that dump leaching, according to the property of cadmium in incineration slag containing cadmium, selects sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid to carry out segmentation dump leaching, cadmium is made
Into heap leaching solution so that cadmium content reaches discharge standard in incineration slag containing cadmium;Mutually mix with the solubility salt extracted in infusion
Close, make fertilizer;
It is again enrichment, according to the property of cadmium in heap leaching solution, using low concentration cadmium in resin absorption heap leaching solution, makes cadmium be enriched in tree
In fat, and liquid after being adsorbed, liquid is returned and continues secondary dump leaching after absorption;
Followed by desorbing, for selected cadmium adsorbent resin, using hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid the resin after absorption is entered at normal temperatures
Row desorbing, obtains cadmium liquid;
It is finally electrolysis, cadmium liquid is electrolysed, cadmium ion is separated out in cadmium ingot form in minus plate in solution, and after being electrolysed
Liquid.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that dump leaching process
In, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid or concentration of nitric acid are 1g/L to 100g/L.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that desorption technique
In, sulfuric acid concentration is 0.1mol/L to 10mol/L.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that the resin bag
Include Iminodiacetic acid resin, D006 resins, storng-acid cation exchange resin, macropore phosphoric acid resin.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that resin after desorbing
Return is continuing with.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that electrolytic liquid is returned
Return and continue dump leaching next group incineration slag containing cadmium.
7. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of from incineration slag containing cadmium reclaim cadmium technique, it is characterised in that electrolysis process
In, negative electrode is made with aluminium sheet, make anode with pure lead or pb-ag alloy plate, there is following reaction respectively in negative electrode, anode:
Cathode reaction is:Cd2++2e=Cd ↓
Anode reaction:2OH--2e=H2O+1/2O2 ↑.
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CN108977669A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-11 | 中南大学 | A method of cadmium in high-concentration sulfuric acid cobalt liquor is removed in depth and recycles cadmium |
RU2750654C1 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-06-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет (МАДИ)" | Method for regeneration of nitrate-ammonium solution of removing cadmium coatings |
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CN108754165A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-06 | 四川西冶新材料股份有限公司 | A method of recycling cadmium from the leachate of cadmium pollution soil |
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