CN106554081B - A kind of method of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor and rapid biofilm - Google Patents
A kind of method of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor and rapid biofilm Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor and the methods of rapid biofilm, transverse slat a, riser b, riser c and transverse slat d are set in reactor, reactor is laterally divided into two parts up and down by transverse slat a, lower part is the first anaerobic zone A1, top is divided longitudinally into three parts by riser b, riser c, is followed successively by aerobic zone O, transition region and the second anaerobic zone A2；The lower end riser b and transverse slat a are tightly connected, and upper end and reactor head are tightly connected there are the mouth of a river, the upper end riser c and reactor head is crossed, and lower end and transverse slat a are connected there are the mouth of a river, the left end transverse slat d is crossed with riser c sealed bottom, and right end and reactor wall are tightly connected；Transition region loads sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle.It intakes when biofilm from reactor bottom, sewage successively after the anaerobic zone aerobic zone A1- O- transition region-anaerobic zone A2, is discharged by reactor top, and each region biomembrane carries out subregion culture in reactor, the biomembrane with particular characteristic can be more preferably formed, biofilm is quick, denitrification effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological sewage treatment, and in particular to a kind of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor and rapid biofilm
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the rapid development of China's Urbanization Construction, the water environment pollution and water eutrophication shape in China
Condition is increasingly severe, and many water body in lake cannot play its normal function and severely impact industrial or agricultural and fish production,
The development of Chinese national economy is hampered increasingly severely.Nitrogen is the major pollutants for causing water eutrophication, to row
The control of total nitrogen content is particularly important in the sewage put.
In biological denitrification process, A2/ O biomembrane denitrogenation technique is the New Biodenitrification Process quickly developed in recent years,
This technique has many advantages, such as that pool capacity is smaller, sludge is not easy to expand, nitric efficiency is high, operational management is convenient.Traditional A2/ O is anti-
It answers device sewage to be directly entered anaerobic zone by aerobic zone, often the oxygen that is partly dissolved of aerobic zone is brought into anaerobic zone, so that anaerobism
Area is not absolute anaerobism, influences wastewater treatment efficiency, so to A2/ O, which is improved, to be improved as current sewage treatment research
Hot spot.In addition, nitrifier usually belongs to the obligate aerobic bacteria of autotrophic type, generation time is long, and when biological Membrance cuiture takes a long time,
And the quality of biomembrane drastically influences the treatment effect of sewage, so being also for the culture of biomembrane need emphasis solution
The problem of.
CN201010232128.2 discloses a kind of municipal sewage mixing fecal sewage A2/ O- biomembrane synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing
Device and method.Second aerobic tank of the device is connect by pipeline and mixed liquor reflux pump with anoxic pond, and sedimentation basin passes through pipe
Road and sludge reflux pump are connect with anaerobic pond.This method adds floating stuffing in the aeration tank of traditional AAO technique, provides micro- life
The carrier on object apposition growth surface improves the biomass in aeration tank, increases the processing capacity of waste water, overcome sludge bulking.
But be directly connected between the second aerobic tank and anoxic pond of the device, the dissolved oxygen in aerobic tank can be brought into anoxic pond, be lacked
Dissolved oxygen amount in oxygen pond can increase, and influence the reaction efficiency of anoxic zone.
CN200810012685.6 discloses a kind of quick start method of ammonia-containing water short distance nitration, its feature be with
The nitrobacteria of the enrichment either mixture of nitrobacteria and sewage treatment plant's aerobic activated sludge is as inoculum；Although real
Show the quick start of short distance nitration, but does not account for the removal problem of total nitrogen.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor and the methods of rapid biofilm.
Four reaction areas is arranged in the present invention in biomembrane denitrogenation reactor, and the biomembrane of each reaction zone carries out subregion and individually cultivates, energy
It is enough preferably to form the biological film system with particular characteristic, and microbial growth promoters, Ke Yishi are added in aerobic zone O
Existing rapid biofilm, denitrification effect are good.
Biomembrane denitrogenation reactor of the invention is that transverse slat a, riser b, riser c and transverse slat d is arranged in inside reactor,
The cross-sectional area of transverse slat a is identical as cross-sectional reactor area, reactor is laterally divided into two parts up and down, lower part is anaerobic zone
A1, top are divided longitudinally into three parts by riser b, riser c, are followed successively by aerobic zone O, transition region and anaerobic zone A2 from left to right；Its
The lower end middle riser b and transverse slat a are tightly connected, and there are cross the mouth of a river, the upper end riser c and reactor top between upper end and reactor head
Portion is tightly connected, and there are the mouth of a river is crossed between lower end and transverse slat a, the left end transverse slat d is connected with riser c sealed bottom, right end with react
Wall is tightly connected；Transition region loads sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle.The biofilm stage intakes from reactor bottom, and sewage successively passes through
After the anaerobic zone aerobic zone A1- O- transition region-anaerobic zone A2, it is discharged by reactor top.The reactor of above structure of the present invention is not
The baffling flowing that only can be realized sewage guarantees dwell time of sewage of the sewage in reactor, and reactor occupied area
Small, compact-sized, biofilm is quick, denitrification effect is good.
In the present invention, the ratio of height to diameter of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor is 3:1-10:1, and transverse slat a is away from reactor bottom 1/3-1/5
Eminence is arranged at preferably 1/4, and cross-sectional area is identical as cross-sectional reactor area, and the lower part transverse slat a is anaerobic zone A1.Riser b
Lower end is deviated to the left 1/10-1/7 transverse slat a length away from transverse slat a center line, and preferably 1/8, upper end is apart from reactor head about 4-8cm
Position, be aerobic zone O on the left of riser b.Riser c and riser b with the symmetrical parallel arrangement of the center line of transverse slat a, the upper end with
Reactor top is tightly connected, and apart from the upper surface transverse slat a about 4-8cm, the region between riser b, c is transition region for bottom end.It is horizontal
The left end plate d is connected with riser c bottom end seal, and right end and reactor wall are tightly connected, to surround anaerobic zone A2 with reactor wall.
The cross section of transverse slat a is divided into two kinds of forms by riser b, be on the left of transverse slat a it is latticed, waste water passes through transverse slat a by anaerobic zone A1
The grid in left side enters aerobic zone O, is plate seal shape on the right side of transverse slat a.Riser b, riser c cross section be plate seal shape；
The cross section of transverse slat d be it is latticed, the waste water after transition region enters anaerobic zone A2 by transverse slat d.
In the present invention, anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O, transition region and anaerobic zone A2 volume ratio be about 0.8-1:0.8-1:
0.3-0.5:0.8-1.Reactor lower part is equipped with water inlet, and flush discharge mouth, reactor top are equipped between transverse slat a and transverse slat d
Side is equipped with water outlet, and top is equipped with exhaust outlet.Each reaction zone is equipped with aerating system, including compressor, air inlet pipe are gentle
Body distributor etc., to realize the supply of oxygen.
In the present invention, the biologic packing material of anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2 can be selected biology commonly used in the art and fills out
Material, the preferred 3 D elastic filler of anaerobic zone A1；The biologic packing material of aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2, pref. cylindrical specific surface area compared with
Big biological active filling material, packing volume account for about the 3/5-4/5 of reaction zone volume.After biofilm packing is fixed, then it will live
Property sludge is loaded on the filler of each reactor, makes the sludge concentration 5-10g/L in each reaction zone.
In the present invention, the upper surface that transition region loads sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle is concordant with the upper surface of riser b, sponge
Iron oxygen scavenger particle volume accounts for about the 3/5-4/5 of transition region volume, both can prevent aerobic sludge from entering anaerobic zone with filter sludge
A2, and dissolved oxygen can be avoided to the adverse effect of anaerobic zone A2 with deoxygenation.
The present invention uses the rapid biofilm method of above-mentioned biomembrane denitrogenation reactor, including following content:
(1) it is packed into biologic packing material in anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2, packing volume is made to account for each reaction zone volume
3/5-4/5, and according to sludge concentration 5-10g/L(L refer to the total water capacity of reactor) amount will be containing nitrifier, denitrifying bacterium
Activated sludge point is spread in the filler of three reaction zones；Transition region loads sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle, partial size 3-5mm, volume
Account for the 3/5-4/5 of transition region volume；
(2) nitric wastewater is injected from reactor bottom with the flow velocity of ((6/7) H-H) m/h, wherein H is the height of reactor, dirty
Water is successively by the anaerobic zone aerobic zone A1- O- transition region-anaerobic zone A2, when entire reactor fills treatment sewage, stops
Discharge outlet is closed in water inlet, starts aerating system, and the dissolved oxygen concentration for controlling anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2 is 1-
3mg/L；Microbial growth promoters are added in the O of aerobic zone simultaneously, the microbial growth promoters include metal salt, polyamines
Substance and inorganic acid azanol, the metal salt are made of calcium salt, mantoquita, magnesium salts and/or ferrous salt；
(3) after being aerated 24-48h, close the aerating system in anaerobic zone, aerobic zone O is still persistently aerated, open simultaneously into
The mouth of a river and discharge outlet continue to cultivate by the way of continuum micromeehanics, and add microbial growth promoters in the O of aerobic zone.Through
After crossing 36-84h, it can be seen that the sepia biomembrane of thickness about 2mm on the filler of three reaction zones, while exhaust is observed
There is bubble formation near mouthful, is considered as biofilm completion.
In the present invention, the pH value of biofilm stage control nitric wastewater is 7.0-8.0, and treatment temperature is 25-35 DEG C, in waste water
BOD5: N:P=100:5:1, influent ammonium concentration 200-400mg/L, COD are less than 500mg/L.If raw water is unsatisfactory for requiring,
Can by diluting, plus the methods of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or glucose be adjusted.
In the present invention, metal salt is 40-100 parts by weight, preferably 50-80 weight in the microbial growth promoters
Part, polyamines are 5-30 parts by weight, preferably 10-20 parts by weight, and inorganic acid azanol is 0.5-15 parts by weight, preferably 2-
10 parts by weight.The metal salt can be calcium salt, magnesium salts and mantoquita, wherein Ca2+、Mg2+And Cu2+Molar ratio be (5-15):
(5-25): (0.5-5), preferably (8-12): (10-20): (1-4)；Either calcium salt, ferrous salt and mantoquita, wherein Ca2+、Fe2 +And Cu2+Molar ratio be (5-15): (1-8): (0.5-5), preferably (8-12): (2-6): (1-4)；Either calcium salt, magnesium
Salt, ferrous salt and mantoquita, wherein Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+And Cu2+Molar ratio be (5-15): (5-25): (1-8): (0.5-5), it is excellent
It is selected as (8-12): (10-20): (2-6): (1-4).The calcium salt is CaSO4Or CaCl2, preferably CaSO4；Magnesium salts is
MgSO4Or MgCl2, preferably MgSO4；Ferrous salt is FeSO4Or FeCl2, preferably FeSO4；Mantoquita is CuSO4Or CuCl2,
It is preferred that CuSO4.The polyamines are the mixture of spermine, spermidine or both.The inorganic acid azanol is salt
One or more of sour azanol, hydroxyl sulfate or phosphatic hydroxylamine, preferably hydroxyl sulfate.
The dosage of microbial growth promoters described in step (2) of the present invention is dense according to promotor in sewage treatment system
Degree 10-40mg/L is added.Microbial growth promoters described in step (3) are added in the way of gradually successively decreasing,
Every 8-24h is added once, and dosage is 20-40mg/L for the first time, is gradually successively decreased according to 3-5mg/L later.
The present invention uses the sewage water treatment method of above-mentioned biological denitrification reactor, after the completion of reactor biofilm, from reactor
Bottom water inlet, sewage first passes around anaerobic zone A1, then passes through the netted section of transverse slat a, into aerobic zone O, when sewage arrives
When up to the riser top b, baffling flows into transition region, not only can remove the remaining dissolved oxygen of aerobic zone O in transition region, additionally it is possible to have
The activated sludge that effect retention aerobic zone O does not form a film, can not only guarantee the anaerobic environment of anaerobic zone, moreover it is possible to guarantee aerobic zone O's
Activated sludge is not lost with water flow.After transition region, sewage is deflected into anaerobic zone A2, transverse slat by the transverse slat d in netted section
D can effectively intercept transition region oxygen scavenger and enter anaerobic zone A2, and last sewage is discharged from reactor upper side discharge outlet.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1,4 pieces of partitions are set in inside reactor, reactor is divided into 4 different reaction zones, during biofilm,
Biomembrane in differential responses area carries out subregion and individually cultivates, and can more preferably form the biological film system with particular characteristic, increase
The strong oxygenolysis of dirty Organic substance in water and the conversion removal of nitrogen, enhance the treatment effeciency of reactor.
2, the suspended matter and impurity effectively catching in sewage can be slowed down the blocking of A2/O sections of biomembranes by anaerobic zone A1；
And transition region is set between aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2, not only can remove the remaining dissolved oxygen of aerobic zone O, additionally it is possible to have
The activated sludge that effect retention aerobic zone O does not form a film, can not only guarantee the anaerobic environment of anaerobic zone A2, moreover it is possible to guarantee aerobic zone O
Activated sludge be not lost with water flow.
3, when cultivating biomembrane, in aerobic zone, O has added the microbial growth promoters of specific composition, is conducive to nitrify
The rapid growth of bacterium solves the problems, such as that nitrobacteria growth breeding is slower, can substantially reduce the starting difficulty of A/O/A technique simultaneously
And be obviously shortened on-stream time, ensure that the rapid growth of microorganism and stablize biofilm, the cost-effective reactor of shortening
The biofilm time efficiently removes while can be realized ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, and can guarantee the operation steady in a long-term of reactor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor of the present invention；
The area the wherein anaerobic zone 1- A1,2-A1 filler, the aerobic zone the 3- area O, 4-O filler, 5- transition region, 6- transition region filler,
The anaerobic zone the 7- area A2,8- A2 filler；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of transverse slat a；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of transverse slat d.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The structure of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, reactor appearance is cylindrical, in inside reactor
Four blocks of column plates are set, and inside reactor is divided into four regions, respectively detested by respectively transverse slat a, riser b, riser c, transverse slat d
Oxygen area 1(A1), aerobic zone 3(O), transition region 5, anaerobic zone 7(A2), the area two of them A and O reaction zone are equipped with biologic packing material, mistake
Cross area's filling sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle.Reactor is intake from bottom water inlet, successively by the O- transition of the anaerobic zone aerobic zone A1-
Area-anaerobic zone A2 is drained from top discharge outlet, and top is equipped with exhaust outlet, and when flushing, sewage is arranged by water inlet and flush discharge mouth
Out.
Reactor cross-section diameter used in the embodiment of the present invention is 0.5m, and the high 2m of reactor, transverse slat a is apart from reactor bottom
Plate 0.5m, riser b are deviated to the left 0.05m away from transverse slat a center line, and riser b is apart from reactor head 0.05m, riser c and riser b
With the symmetrical parallel arrangement of the center line of transverse slat a, upper part is fixedly linked with reactor top plate, the upper surface distance from bottom transverse slat a
0.05m, in the bottom of riser b, horizontal connection transverse slat d, transverse slat d are tightly connected with reactor wall to the right to the right.It is anaerobic zone A1, good
The volume ratio of oxygen area O, transition region and anaerobic zone A2 are 1:1:0.5:1.The filler of anaerobic zone A1 is 3 D elastic filler, is filled out
Material product accounts for the 3/4 of anaerobic zone A1 volume.The filler of aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2 are volcanic rock granular biological filler, filling body
Product accounts for the 3/4 of respective reaction zone volume.The volume of transition region filling sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle accounts for the 3/4 of transition region volume.
The specific formula and preparation method of microbial growth promoters used in the present invention in detail can be with referenced patents
CN201410585417.9, CN201410585418.3 and CN201410585482.1 etc..It grows and promotees first, in accordance with 1 microorganism of table
Ratio and formula into agent prepare metal salt solution, molten polyamines and inorganic acid azanol are added to metal salt before
In liquid, microbial growth promoters I-III are prepared, the promoter concentration is 0.5g/L.
The formula and ratio of 1 microbial growth promoters of table
Embodiment 1
Treatment sewage be certain sewage treatment plant's nitric wastewater, ammonia nitrogen concentration 300mg/L, total nitrogen concentration 500mg/L,
COD concentration is 400mg/L, B/C=0.5.The pH value for controlling sewage is 7.0, and treatment temperature is 25 DEG C, adds glucose and phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen adjusts BOD in waste water5:N:P=100:5:1。
(1) it is packed into corresponding filler in anaerobic zone A1, anaerobic zone A2 and aerobic zone O, packing volume is made to account for each reaction zone body
Long-pending 3/4, and activated sludge point is spread in the filler of three reaction zones according to the amount of sludge concentration 5g/L；It is loaded in transition region
The upper surface of sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle, oxygen scavenger is concordant with the upper surface of riser b, and oxygen scavenger volume accounts for about transition region volume
3/5。
(2) nitric wastewater is injected from reactor bottom with the flow velocity of Hm/h, wherein H is the height of reactor, when entire reaction
When device fills treatment sewage, stop water inlet, close discharge outlet, start aerating system, control anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and detests
The dissolved oxygen concentration of oxygen area A2 is respectively 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L, 1.0mg/L；Microorganism growth is added in the O of aerobic zone simultaneously
Promotor I, allows microbial growth promoters to come into full contact with activated sludge, promotes the rapid growth of microorganism, dosage according to
Promoter concentration is that 20mg/L is added in sewage treatment system.
(3) after being aerated 38h, the aerating system in anaerobic zone is closed, aerobic zone O is still persistently aerated, opens simultaneously into water
Mouth and discharge outlet, continue to cultivate by the way of continuum micromeehanics, and add microbial growth promoters I in the O of aerobic zone, every 12
Hour adds once, and dosage is 25mg/L for the first time, gradually successively decreases according to 5mg/L later.After 60 hours, color can be formed
Uniformly, the biomembrane of the uniform about 2mm of thickness, while observing that exhaust outlet nearby has bubble formation, it is considered as biofilm completion.Through uniting
Meter, biofilm stage are total to time-consuming 98h.
After the completion of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor biofilm of the present invention, handled for identical nitric wastewater.From reactor bottom into
Water, sewage first pass around anaerobic zone A1, and microorganism can be conducive to anaerobic zone A1 microorganism using the organic carbon source in raw sewage
Growth, while anaerobic zone A1 anaerobic reaction can generate appropriate basicity, be conducive to nitration reaction and the nitrifier of subsequent aerobic zone O
Growth removes the remaining dissolved oxygen of sewage to 0.5mg/L by transition region when sewage is flowed from aerobic zone O to anaerobic zone A2,
The anaerobic environment that ensure that anaerobic zone A2 is conducive to the biomembrane that culture has particular characteristic.It detects after processing, ammonia in water outlet
Nitrogen concentration is less than 15mg/L, and total nitrogen concentration is less than 25mg/L, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen reaches 95% or more.
Embodiment 2
Treatment sewage be certain sewage treatment plant's nitric wastewater, ammonia nitrogen concentration 300mg/L, total nitrogen concentration 500mg/L,
COD concentration is 400mg/L, B/C=0.5.The pH value for controlling sewage is 8.0, and treatment temperature is 35 DEG C, adds glucose and phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen adjusts BOD in waste water5:N:P=100:5:1。
(1) it is packed into corresponding filler in anaerobic zone A1, anaerobic zone A2 and aerobic zone O, packing volume is made to account for about each reaction zone
The 3/5 of volume, and activated sludge point is spread in the filler of three reaction zones according to the amount of sludge concentration 10g/L；In transition region
Sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle is loaded, the upper surface of oxygen scavenger is concordant with the upper surface of riser b, and oxygen scavenger volume accounts for about transition region body
Long-pending 3/4.
(2) nitric wastewater is injected from reactor bottom with the flow velocity of Hm/h, wherein H is the height of reactor, when entire reaction
When device fills treatment sewage, stop water inlet, close discharge outlet, start aerating system, control anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and detests
The dissolved oxygen concentration of oxygen area A2 is respectively 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L, 1.0mg/L；Microorganism growth is added in the O of aerobic zone simultaneously
Promotor II, allows microbial growth promoters to come into full contact with activated sludge, promotes the rapid growth of microorganism, dosage according to
Promoter concentration is that 30mg/L is added in sewage treatment system.
(3) after being aerated 48h, the aerating system in anaerobic zone is closed, aerobic zone O is still persistently aerated, opens simultaneously into water
Mouth and discharge outlet, continue to cultivate by the way of continuum micromeehanics, and add microbial growth promoters II in the O of aerobic zone, often
It adds within 12 hours once, dosage is 25mg/L for the first time, is gradually successively decreased according to 5mg/L later.After 60 hours, face can be formed
Color is uniform, the biomembrane of the uniform about 2mm of thickness, while observing that exhaust outlet nearby has bubble formation, is considered as biofilm completion.Through uniting
Meter, biofilm stage are total to time-consuming 108h.
After the completion of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor biofilm of the present invention, handled for identical nitric wastewater.It detects after processing
Ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than 15mg/L in water, and total nitrogen concentration is less than 25mg/L, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen reaches 95% or more.
Embodiment 3
Treatment sewage be certain sewage treatment plant's nitric wastewater, ammonia nitrogen concentration 300mg/L, total nitrogen concentration 500mg/L,
COD concentration is 400mg/L, B/C=0.5.The pH value for controlling sewage is 7.5, and treatment temperature is 30 DEG C, adds glucose and phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen adjusts BOD in waste water5:N:P=100:5:1。
(1) it is packed into corresponding filler in anaerobic zone A1, anaerobic zone A2 and aerobic zone O, packing volume is made to account for about each reaction zone
The 3/5 of volume, and activated sludge point is spread in the filler of three reaction zones according to the amount of sludge concentration 7g/L；It is filled in transition region
Sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle is filled out, the upper surface of oxygen scavenger is concordant with the upper surface of riser b, and oxygen scavenger volume accounts for about transition region volume
3/4.
(2) nitric wastewater is injected from reactor bottom with the flow velocity of Hm/h, wherein H is the height of reactor, when entire reaction
When device fills treatment sewage, stop water inlet, close discharge outlet, start aerating system, control anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and detests
The dissolved oxygen concentration of oxygen area A2 is respectively 1.0mg/L, 2.0mg/L, 1.0mg/L；Microorganism growth is added in the O of aerobic zone simultaneously
Promotor III, allows microbial growth promoters to come into full contact with activated sludge, promotes the rapid growth for microorganism, and dosage is pressed
It is that 25mg/L is added according to promoter concentration in sewage treatment system.
(3) after being aerated 35h, the aerating system in anaerobic zone is closed, aerobic zone is still persistently aerated, and opens simultaneously water inlet
And discharge outlet, continue to cultivate by the way of continuum micromeehanics, and add microbial growth promoters III in the O of aerobic zone, every 12
Hour adds once, and dosage is 25mg/L for the first time, gradually successively decreases according to 5mg/L later.After 58 hours, color can be formed
Uniformly, the biomembrane of the uniform about 2mm of thickness, while observing that exhaust outlet nearby has bubble formation, it is considered as biofilm completion.Through uniting
Meter, biofilm stage are total to time-consuming 93h.
After the completion of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor biofilm of the present invention, handled for identical nitric wastewater.It detects after processing
Ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than 15mg/L in water, and total nitrogen concentration is less than 25mg/L, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen reaches 95% or more.
Comparative example 1
Treatment process condition is same as Example 1 with operating condition, the difference is that: transition region is not loaded sponge iron and is removed
Oxygen agent particle, the only channel as sewage baffling.During biofilm, can observe aerobic zone O has a small amount of suspended sludge can be with
Water flow flow into anaerobic zone A2, result in the loss of part aerobic sludge, after about 144 hours, although perceived color and thickness all compared with
Uniform biomembrane, but the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in water outlet is detected, the removal rate that can calculate ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is respectively 68%
With 60%, it is bad to be formed by biomembrane treatment effect.
Comparative example 2
Treatment process condition is same as Example 1 with operating condition, the difference is that: during biofilm, in aerobic zone O
Do not add microbial growth promoters.After 158 hours, since denitrifying bacterium breeding is very fast, the biology of anaerobic zone A1, anaerobic zone A2
Film color is more uniform, but the biomembrane color and thickness of aerobic zone O are all uneven, at this time by ammonia nitrogen in detection water outlet and always
The concentration of nitrogen, the removal rate that can calculate ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is respectively 50% and 61%, and it is bad to be formed by biomembrane treatment effect.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor, it is characterised in that transverse slat a, riser b, riser c and transverse slat is arranged in inside reactor
The cross-sectional area of d, transverse slat a are identical as cross-sectional reactor area, reactor are laterally divided into two parts up and down, lower part is anaerobic zone
A1, top are divided longitudinally into three parts by riser b, riser c, are followed successively by aerobic zone O, transition region and anaerobic zone A2 from left to right；Its
The lower end middle riser b and transverse slat a are tightly connected, and there are cross the mouth of a river, the upper end riser c and reactor top between upper end and reactor head
Portion is tightly connected, and there are the mouth of a river is crossed between lower end and transverse slat a, the left end transverse slat d is connected with riser c sealed bottom, right end with react
Wall is tightly connected；Transition region loads sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle.
2. reactor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ratio of height to diameter of biomembrane denitrogenation reactor is 3:1-10:
1, transverse slat a are arranged away from reactor bottom 1/3-1/5 eminence, and lower part is anaerobic zone A1；The lower end riser b away from transverse slat a center line to
For left avertence from 1/10-1/7 transverse slat a length, upper end is aerobic zone O on the left of reactor head 4-8cm, riser b；Riser c with
Riser b is tightly connected with the symmetrical parallel arrangement of the center line of transverse slat a, the upper end and reactor top, bottom end table on transverse slat a
Face 4-8cm, the region between riser b, c are transition region.
3. reactor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the cross section of transverse slat a is divided into two kinds by riser b
Form, be on the left of transverse slat a it is latticed, waste water enters aerobic zone O, the right side transverse slat a by the grid on the left of transverse slat a by anaerobic zone A1
For plate seal shape；Riser b, riser c cross section be plate seal shape；The cross section of transverse slat d be it is latticed, after transition region
Waste water anaerobic zone A2 is entered by transverse slat d.
4. reactor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O, transition region and anaerobic zone
The volume ratio of A2 is 0.8-1:0.8-1:0.3-0.5:0.8-1.
5. reactor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the biologic packing material of anaerobic zone A1 selects stereo-elastic
The biologic packing material of filler, aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2 select the biggish biological active filling material of cylindrical specific surface area；Packing volume
Account for the 3/5-4/5 of reaction zone volume；After biologic packing material is fixed, then activated sludge is loaded on the filler of each reactor,
Make the sludge concentration 5-10g/L in each reaction zone.
6. reactor according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: transition region loads the upper of sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle
Surface is concordant with the upper surface of riser b, and sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle volume accounts for the 3/5-4/5 of transition region volume.
7. using the rapid biofilm method of any biomembrane denitrogenation reactor of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that including
Following content:
(1) it is packed into corresponding biologic packing material in anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2, packing volume is made to account for each reaction zone body
Long-pending 3/5-4/5, and the activated sludge containing nitrifier, denitrifying bacterium point is spread to three according to the amount of sludge concentration 5-10g/L
In the filler of a reaction zone；Transition region loads sponge iron deoxidizing agent particle, partial size 3-5mm, and volume accounts for the 3/ of transition region volume
5-4/5；
(2) nitric wastewater is injected from reactor bottom with the flow velocity of ((6/7) H~H) m/h, wherein H is the height of reactor, sewage
Successively by the anaerobic zone aerobic zone A1- O- transition region-anaerobic zone A2, when entire reactor fills treatment sewage, stop into
Water closes discharge outlet, starts aerating system, and the dissolved oxygen concentration for controlling anaerobic zone A1, aerobic zone O and anaerobic zone A2 is 1-3mg/
L；Microbial growth promoters are added in the O of aerobic zone simultaneously, the microbial growth promoters include metal salt, more amines
Matter and inorganic acid azanol, the metal salt are made of calcium salt, mantoquita, magnesium salts and/or ferrous salt；
(3) after being aerated 24-48h, the aerating system in anaerobic zone is closed, aerobic zone O is still persistently aerated, and opens simultaneously water inlet
And discharge outlet, continue to cultivate by the way of continuum micromeehanics, and add microbial growth promoters in the O of aerobic zone；By 36-
After 84h, it can be seen that the sepia biomembrane of thickness 2mm on the filler of three reaction zones, while observing near exhaust outlet
There is bubble formation, is considered as biofilm completion.
8. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by: the pH value of biofilm stage control nitric wastewater be 7.0-8.0,
Treatment temperature is 25-35 DEG C, BOD in waste water5: N:P=100:5:1, influent ammonium concentration 200-400mg/L, COD are less than
500mg/L。
9. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by: metal salt is 40-100 in the microbial growth promoters
Parts by weight, polyamines are 5-30 parts by weight, and inorganic acid azanol is 0.5-15 parts by weight.
10. the method according to claim 7 or 9, it is characterised in that: the metal salt is calcium salt, magnesium salts and mantoquita, wherein
Ca2+、Mg2+And Cu2+Molar ratio be (5-15): (5-25): (0.5-5)；Either calcium salt, ferrous salt and mantoquita, wherein Ca2+、
Fe2+And Cu2+Molar ratio be (5-15): (1-8): (0.5-5)；Either calcium salt, magnesium salts, ferrous salt and mantoquita, wherein Ca2+、
Mg2+、Fe2+And Cu2+Molar ratio be (5-15): (5-25): (1-8): (0.5-5).
11. the method according to claim 7 or 9, it is characterised in that: the calcium salt is CaSO4Or CaCl2, magnesium salts is
MgSO4Or MgCl2, ferrous salt FeSO4Or FeCl2, mantoquita CuSO4Or CuCl2；The polyamines are essence
The mixture of amine, spermidine or both；The inorganic acid azanol is in hydroxylamine hydrochloride, hydroxyl sulfate or phosphatic hydroxylamine
It is one or more of.
12. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by: microbial growth promoters described in step (2) add
Amount is added according to promoter concentration 10-40mg/L in sewage treatment system.
13. according to the method described in claim 7, it is characterized by: microbial growth promoters described in step (3) according to by
The mode gradually successively decreased is added, and every 8-24h is added once, for the first time dosage be 20-40mg/L, later according to 3-5mg/L by
Gradually successively decrease.
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