CN106542603A - A kind of High-Efficiency Phenol-Degradation extractant and its application in phenol wastewater - Google Patents
A kind of High-Efficiency Phenol-Degradation extractant and its application in phenol wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of High-Efficiency Phenol-Degradation extractant and the application in phenol wastewater.The extractant, its active component include tributyl phosphate, may also include middle oil and aminated compoundss.The present invention selects the mixture of tributyl phosphate, middle oil and aminated compoundss as extractant.Complexometric extraction dephenolization method is due to its special complexometric extraction mechanism, its partition coefficient is higher, and extracting power is strong, and complexing extractant has reusable advantage Jing after alkali liquor back extraction, alkali liquor concentration and separation reclaims valuable material in waste water, so as to realize that the efficient process of phenols are reclaimed with resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal chemical industrial waste water process field, is related to a kind of High-Efficiency Phenol-Degradation extractant and answering in phenol wastewater
With.
Background technology
But generate while China's Coal Chemical Industry extensive development that substantial amounts of high concentration is difficult to degrade is poisonous and hazardous
Phenol wastewater, the waste water quality are complicated, containing high concentration phenols, ammonia nitrogen, petroleum-type, cyanide, SS and jeterocyclic chemistry
Compound etc..Especially phenol therein is a kind of prototype matter poisonous substance, to all toxic effect of various bions, and phenol
Class material can also produce serious influence to water body water source, aquatile, crops, be U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (EPA)
One of pollutant of priority acccess control in 129 for listing, in China, phenol wastewater is also listed in weight in water pollution control
One of harmful waste water that point is solved.The volatile phenol first discharge standard of wherein Environmental Protection in China rules and regulations trade effluent is
0.5mg/L；The volatile phenol content of Drinking Water must be less than 0.002mg/L.So being directed to phenol wastewaterNeed to take and cut
Real feasible method, reduces the phenols content in phenol wastewater, reduces which to environment, so as to realize waste water
Innoxious and resource.
There are solvent extraction dephenolize method, vapor dephenolize method and absorption dephenolize method etc. currently for the dephenolization method of phenol wastewater.
Wherein vapor dephenolize is difficult to the content for reducing the difficult volatile phenol in waste water；Absorption dephenolize is difficult to the specific suction to phenol
It is attached, and easily cause the problems such as adsorption saturation and difficult regeneration.Therefore, the industrial process to phenol wastewater at present
Solvent extraction is mainly adopted, and industrial conventional extractant has diisopropyl ether, hexone at present, but
Due to ether low boiling point, vapour pressure is high, there is volatilization loss greatly, the problem low to the extraction yield of difficult volatile phenol；And ketone is then
There is solution loss big, and expensive problem, so as to limit ether and ketone sending out industrially to a certain extent
Exhibition.
For the problem of the extractant present in phenol wastewater dephenolize process at present, researcher to being currently being deployed and
The extractant for using is studied.
(1) simultaneously adopt two kind of extractants in removing phenol in waste water method disclosed in CN1450006A, wherein extractant I with
Higher alcohols are used as extractant；Extractant II is mixed to get by phosphate ester and kerosene, and the extractant has extraction and back extraction
The problems such as flow process is complicated, hardly possible volatile phenol extraction yield is low and back extraction loses big.
(2) two kind of extractants are adopted in complex extracting and dephenolizing method for alkaline slag of smeltery disclosed in CN1683475A, wherein extracting
Agent I is taken by tributyl phosphate, C4-C7Fusel and toluene, ethylbenzene or dimethylbenzene are mixed to get；Extractant II is by C8-C12
Saturated hydrocarbons, C4-C7Fusel and toluene, ethylbenzene or dimethylbenzene are mixed to get.There is preparation process complexity, extraction in the extractant
Take and complicated, the difficult volatile phenol extraction yield of back extraction flow process is low and big problem is lost in back extraction.
(3) disclosed in CN103496812A, CN103496757A, CN103466873A, CN103466874A
Using n-butyl acetate as extractant in high-concentration phenol and ammonia method of wastewater treatment, the extractant is present to difficult volatile phenol extraction
Take that rate is low, the problem of back extraction high energy consumption.
(4) extractant adopted in coal chemical industrial waste water dephenolization method disclosed in CN104276618A by sec-butyl acetate,
Ethyl phenyl ether and crown ether compound composition, the extractant have that expensive and extraction loss is serious.
Shortcomings existing for the extractant that is currently being deployed and uses, develop new and effective phenol wastewater
Dephenolize extractant then becomes the emphasis of the area research, and the power that the present invention is accomplished.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of High-Efficiency Phenol-Degradation extractant and containing phenol
Application in waste water.
The extractant that the present invention is provided, its active component include tributyl phosphate.
The extractant can also be the single-component system being only made up of tributyl phosphate.
When the extractant is tributyl phosphate, which will height for the extraction yield of phenolic compound especially difficult volatile phenol
In the extraction yield of diisopropyl ether of the prior art.
Active component in above-mentioned extractant may also include middle oil.
The middle oil is specially 170-260 DEG C obtained by coal tar distillation of fraction.
In further adding in tributyl phosphate during oil, when can shorten layering while ensureing to phenol extraction rate
Between and reduce extraction cost.
The extractant be alternatively only by the tributyl phosphate and middle line of oils into double-component system.
The volume ratio of the tributyl phosphate and middle oil is 1:1-1:6, can for example be 1:1、1:2、1:3、1:4、1:5、
1:6, preferably 1:1-1:3, most preferably 1:1.
Active component in the extractant may also include aminated compoundss.I.e. in addition on the basis of oil, further
Aminated compoundss are continuously added, and when the consumption of three is caused in the range of special value, difficult volatile phenol extraction yield reaches
Optimum, and have Solvent quantity many advantages, such as (generate utilization rate and efficiency highest, cost is minimum) of minimum,
This proves to have played mutually coordinated effect between tributyl phosphate, middle oil, aminated compoundss three.
The extractant is alternatively the three compositions system being only made up of the tributyl phosphate, middle oil and aminated compoundss.
Wherein, at least one of the aminated compoundss in tertiary amine compounds and quaternary ammonium salt；
Specifically, the tertiary amine compounds are tripropyl amine (TPA) or trioctylamine；
The quaternary ammonium salt is tetramethyl ammonium chloride or tetraethylammonium chloride；
The aminated compoundss are most preferably trioctylamine.
In the extractant, the volume ratio of tributyl phosphate and middle oil is 1:1-1:3, can for example be 1:1,1:1.5,1:2,
1:2.5,1:3；
The volume ratio of middle oil and aminated compoundss is 1:0.1-1:0.7, can for example be 1:0.1,1:0.3,1:0.5,1:0.7；
The volume ratio of aminated compoundss and tributyl phosphate is 1:1-1:6, can for example be 1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4,1:5,
1:6。
The extractant can be prepared in accordance with the following steps：Tributyl phosphate is added in middle oil, is sufficiently stirred for, molten
Then aminated compoundss are added thereto by solution mix homogeneously again, are again stirring for uniformly, obtaining the extractant.
In addition, application of the extractant of the invention described above offer in separating phenols compounds, falls within the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope.Wherein, the phenolic compound is the waste water containing phenolic compound,
In the extraction step, the actual conditions of extraction can be as follows：
The temperature of extraction is 20-80 DEG C；
The time of extraction is 5min-60min；
The pH value of extraction is 2-8, specially 2-3 or 2-4；
The extractant is 1 with the volume ratio of the waste water:1-5, specially 1:1；
The extraction is specially the extractant is with phenolic compound or the waste water containing phenolic compound is mixed.
The present invention selects the mixture of tributyl phosphate, middle oil and aminated compoundss as extractant.Complexometric extraction dephenolize
, due to its special complexometric extraction mechanism, its partition coefficient is higher for method, and extracting power is strong, and complexing extractant Jing alkali
There is after liquid back extraction reusable advantage, alkali liquor concentration and separation reclaims valuable material in waste water, so as to realize phenols
Efficient process and resource reclaim.
With industrial conventional physical extraction agent diisopropyl ether or hexone at present, the extraction that the present invention is provided
Agent has advantages below：
(1) extraction efficiency is high：Extraction efficiency is significantly higher than physical extraction agent, and the especially extraction to difficult volatile phenol is imitated
The more notable extraction efficiency (61%) higher than physical extraction of rate (85.64%)；To total phenols more than 5000mg/L's
High-concentration phenolic wastewater is processed, and makes the water after process be down to below 300mg/L containing phenol, and total phenols clearance is 94%
More than, reach biochemical treatment water standard；
(2) solvent loss is little：Solution loss of the complexing extractant in extraction process in water (<0.1%, 25 DEG C)
Solution loss (0.87%, 25 DEG C) and hexone significantly less than diisopropyl ether in water is molten in water
Solution loss (1.7%, 25 DEG C)；
(3) secondary pollution is little：The back extraction of physical extraction is realized by way of distillation, is often produced secondary
Pollution, and the complexing extractant back extraction process be according to plus alkali liquor mode realizing, so as to avoid back extraction
Pollution of the process to environment.Phenol during back extraction in waste water can be reclaimed with phenates form simultaneously, return system
Re-use.
(4) in, oil is easy to get, and realizes making full use of for resource：Middle oil, will used as the major product during the dry distillation of coal
Middle oil replaces other solvent naphthas such as kerosene as diluent, not only can reach same effect of extracting, while can be real
Show making full use of for resource.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Institute
State method and be conventional method if no special instructions.The raw material can be obtained from open commercial sources if no special instructions
.In following embodiments, middle oil used is 170-260 DEG C by obtained by coal tar distillation of fraction.
Volatile phenol is measured according to GB HJ 503-2009；
As follows difficult volatile phenol and total phenol content are measured：
Difficult Determination of Volatile Phenol method：Water sample steams volatile phenol, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide etc., debris by heating distillation
It is middle to add excessive bromine, and be acidified with sulphuric acid, bromine generates tribromophenol in acid condition with phenolic compound, remains
Remaining bromine is acted on potassium iodide and discharges free-iodine, and the iodine of precipitation is titrated with sodium thiosulfate standard titration solution, root
The content of phenol in water sample is extrapolated according to its consumption.
Determining total phenol method：Excessive bromine is added in sample, phenols can generate tribromophenol with bromine reaction, and further give birth to
Precipitate into bromo tribromophenol.Excessive bromine can discharge elemental iodine with iodate nak response, while bromo tribromophenol and iodine
Change nak response, generate free-iodine and tribromophenol.The amount of iodine is discharged with sodium thiosulfate standard solution titration, according to which
Consumption extrapolates the content of phenol in water sample.
According to the method described above to the volatile phenol in phenol wastewater used by following embodiments 1-6, difficult volatile phenol and total phenol content
It is measured, measurement result is as shown in table 1.
The volatile phenol of table 1, phenol wastewater, difficult volatile phenol and total phenol content measurement result
| Phenol species | Volatile phenol | Difficult volatile phenol | Total phenols |
| Content (mg/L) | 4060 | 1100 | 5160 |
In following embodiments, the computing formula of the extraction yield of volatile phenol, difficult volatile phenol and total phenols is as follows：
Embodiment 1：The removal effect of different extractants is investigated
Extraction conditionss are：PH value is 2, and temperature is 25 DEG C, is compared (i.e. the volume ratio of extractant and waste water, similarly hereinafter)
For 1:1, extraction time is 15min.
Extractant 1：Tributyl phosphate；
Extractant 2：；(tributyl phosphate is 1 with the volume ratio of diesel oil to the mixed extractant of tributyl phosphate+diesel oil:1)；
Extractant 3：(tributyl phosphate is 1 with the volume ratio of middle oil to the mixed extractant of tributyl phosphate+middle oil:1)；
Extractant 4：Mixed extractant (tributyl phosphate and the middle oily volume ratio of tributyl phosphate+middle oil+trioctylamine
For 1:1, the middle oily volume ratio 1 with trioctylamine:0.5, trioctylamine is 1 with the volume ratio of tributyl phosphate:2)；
Wherein, the preparation method of extractant 4 is that tributyl phosphate is added in middle oil, is sufficiently stirred for, dissolves mixing
After uniform, trioctylamine is added, be again stirring for uniformly, so as to obtain the extractant 4.
The content of the volatile phenol in the waste water after extraction processing, difficult volatile phenol and total phenols is measured and accordingly
Extraction yield carries out calculating and is listed in table 2.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield after table 2, process
From table 2, it is only tributyl phosphate to compare extractant, when extractant is tributyl phosphate and bavin in the present invention
Oil or extractant be tributyl phosphate with it is middle oily when, volatile phenol and difficult volatile phenol extraction yield are greatly improved.Simultaneously
Tributyl phosphate is extracted as extractant, volatile phenol and difficult volatile phenol with diesel oil than tributyl phosphate as extractant with middle oil
Take rate be greatly improved effect of extracting will height, find ensure phenol extraction rate while separation time it is very fast.Work as extraction
When taking agent for tributyl phosphate, middle oil with the mixture of trioctylamine, volatile phenol, difficult volatile phenol and total phenols extraction yield have
Significantly improve, it was demonstrated that these three components have played good synergism.
Embodiment 2：The removal effect of different amine extractants is investigated
Same procedure according to above-described embodiment 1 implements the present embodiment, and difference part is only in that in extractant 4
" trioctylamine " respectively wait tripropyl amine (TPA), tetraethylammonium chloride of consumption, that is, have following corresponding relation：
Extractant 5：Tributyl phosphate+middle oil+tripropyl amine (TPA)
Extractant 6：Tributyl phosphate+middle oil+tetramethyl ammonium chloride
Extractant 7：Tributyl phosphate+middle oil+tetraethylammonium chloride
The content of the volatile phenol in the waste water after extraction processing, difficult volatile phenol and total phenols is measured and accordingly
Extraction yield carries out calculating and is listed in table 3.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield after table 3, process
From table 3, when the mixture that extractant is tributyl phosphate, middle oil and aminated compoundss is used as extractant,
The selection of aminated compoundss has significant impact to the extraction yield of phenol, wherein, tripropyl amine (TPA), tetramethyl ammonium chloride, four
Though ethyl ammonium chloride has good removal effect to volatile phenol, low three pungent on the contrary for the extraction yield of difficult volatile phenol
Removal effect of the amine to difficult volatile phenol, therefore, trioctylamine is most preferably in the present invention.
Embodiment 3：The investigation of tributyl phosphate and middle oily amount ratio in extractant 3
Using extractant 3, the present embodiment is implemented according to the same procedure of above-described embodiment 1, difference part is only
Only change the volume ratio of tributyl phosphate and middle oil, the volatile phenol, difficult volatilization in concrete volume ratio and processed waste water
The content of phenol and total phenols is measured and carries out calculating with corresponding extraction yield and be listed in table 4.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield after table 4, process
From table 4, when extractant be tributyl phosphate with middle line of oils into mixture when, both volume ratios for
Removal effect has significant impact, and volume ratio is preferably 1:1-1:3, when more than the scope, will all cause extraction yield
Significantly reduce, while finding to be most preferably 1:1.
Embodiment 4：The investigation of tributyl phosphate and middle oily amount ratio in extractant 4
Using extractant 4, the present embodiment is implemented according to the same procedure of above-described embodiment 1, difference part is only
Only change the volume ratio of tributyl phosphate and middle oil, the volatile phenol, difficult volatilization in concrete volume ratio and processed waste water
The content of phenol and total phenols is measured and carries out calculating with corresponding extraction yield and be listed in table 5.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield after table 5, process
From table 5, when extractant is made up of tributyl phosphate, middle oil and trioctylamine, tributyl phosphate and middle oil
Volume ratio have significant impact for removal effect, volume ratio is preferably 1:1-1:2.
Embodiment 5：The investigation of oil and trioctylamine amount ratio in extractant 4
Using extractant 4, the present embodiment is implemented according to the same procedure of above-described embodiment 1, difference part is only
Oil and the volume ratio of trioctylamine in only changing, volatile phenol, difficult volatile phenol in concrete volume ratio and processed waste water and
The content of total phenols is measured and carries out calculating with corresponding extraction yield and be listed in table 6.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield after table 6, process
From table 6, when extractant is the mixture being made up of tributyl phosphate, middle oil and trioctylamine, middle oil and
The volume ratio of trioctylamine has significant impact for removal effect, and volume ratio is preferably 1:0.3-0.7.
Embodiment 6：The investigation of trioctylamine and TBP amount ratios in extractant 4
Using extractant 4, the present embodiment is implemented according to the same procedure of above-described embodiment 1, difference part is only
Only change the volume ratio of trioctylamine and TBP, volatile phenol, difficult volatile phenol in concrete volume ratio and processed waste water and
The content of total phenols is measured and carries out calculating with corresponding extraction yield and be listed in table 7.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield after table 7, process
From table 7, when extractant is the mixture being made up of tributyl phosphate, middle oil and trioctylamine, trioctylamine
With the volume ratio of tributyl phosphate for removal effect has significant impact, volume ratio is preferably：1:1-3.
Embodiment 7：Dephenolize application of the extractant 4 in semi-coke phenol wastewater
It is first 2 by semi-coke phenol wastewater pH regulator, then by extractant and semi-coke phenol wastewater after filtering to waste water
By volume 1:1 mix homogeneously, is placed in 25 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control agitating devices, continuous in the case where rotating speed is for 700r/min
After stirring 10min, it is placed in down in pear shape separatory funnel and stands 15min, extraction phase and water phase are obtained after layering, to water
Mutually repeat aforesaid operations 4 times, upper is pressed to the content of the volatile phenol in waste water after before processing, difficult volatile phenol and total phenols subsequently
The method of stating is measured and carries out calculating with corresponding extraction yield and be listed in table 8.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield in waste water after table 8, before processing
From table 8, to certain semi-coke phenol wastewater after the extraction of extractant 4, total phenol content can be by initial
6150mg/L is reduced to 282mg/L, and extraction efficiency is up to 95.41%.
Embodiment 8：Dephenolize application of the extractant 4 in coal gas phenol wastewater
It is first 4 by phenol wastewater pH regulator, then will be extractant and (coal gas) useless containing phenol after filtering to waste water
Water by volume 1:1 mix homogeneously, is placed in 30 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control agitating devices, is to connect under 700r/min in rotating speed
After continuous stirring 10min, it is placed in down in pear shape separatory funnel and stands 15min, after layering, obtain extraction phase and water phase, it is right
Water mutually repeats aforesaid operations 4 times, and subsequently the content of the volatile phenol in waste water after before processing, difficult volatile phenol and total phenols is pressed
Said method is measured and carries out calculating with corresponding extraction yield and be listed in table 9.
Various phenol contents and extraction yield in waste water after table 9, before processing
From table 9, to certain semi-coke phenol wastewater after the extraction of extractant 4, total phenol content can be by initial
6270mg/L is reduced to 275mg/L, and extraction efficiency is up to 95.53%.
As described above, the invention provides a kind of High-Efficiency Phenol-Degradation extractant of phenol wastewater and its application, researcher finds,
The extractant constituted with diesel oil using tributyl phosphate, when effect of extracting is better than simple tributyl phosphate as extractant
Effect of extracting；And use instead add specific consumption it is middle oily when, dephenolization effect is better than tributyl phosphate and is combined with diesel oil
Extractant effect of extracting.Meanwhile, aminated compoundss especially three are further added in above-mentioned bicomponent system
Octylame, and the consumption of three kinds of components in certain particular range when, achieve de- effect the most excellent.Should when changing
During amount ratio in particular range, will all cause removal effect to have substantially reduction, this demonstrate that the acquirement of the optimum efficiency
It is three kinds of components, specific consumption is limited and synthesis cooperates with the result for playing a role.At the same time, when using the extractant
To industrial amount containing phenol after the waste water of more than 5000mg/L carries out dephenolize, after extraction amount containing phenol be down to 300mg/L with
Under, extraction yield up to more than 95%, this proves that the extractant has wide use value and application prospect.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of extractant, its active component include tributyl phosphate.
2. extractant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The extractant also includes middle oil；
The middle oil is specially 170-260 DEG C obtained by coal tar distillation of fraction.
3. extractant according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The extractant is by the tricresyl phosphate
Butyl ester and middle line of oils into.
4. according to arbitrary described extractant in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The tributyl phosphate and middle oil
Volume ratio be 1:1-1:6, preferably 1:1-1:3.
5. according to the arbitrary described extractant of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：The extractant also includes amine
Compound.
6. extractant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The extractant by tributyl phosphate, in
Oil and aminated compoundss are constituted.
7. the extractant according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that：The aminated compoundss are selected from tertiary amine
At least one in class compound and quaternary ammonium salt；
Wherein, the tertiary amine compounds are tripropyl amine (TPA) or trioctylamine；
The quaternary ammonium salt is tetramethyl ammonium chloride or tetraethylammonium chloride；
The tributyl phosphate is specially 1 with the volume ratio of the middle oil:1-1:3, preferably 1:1-1:2；
The middle oily volume ratio with the aminated compoundss is specially 1:0.1-1:0.7, preferably 1:0.3-1:0.7.
8. application of arbitrary extractant in separating phenols compounds in claim 1-7.
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：The phenolic compound is containing phenols chemical combination
The waste water of the waste water of thing, specially total phenols in more than 5000mg/L.
10. application according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that：In the extraction step, the temperature of extraction
Spend for 20-80 DEG C；
The time of extraction is 5min-60min；
The pH value of extraction is 2-8, specially 2-3 or 2-4；
The extractant is 1 with the volume ratio of the waste water:1-5, specially 1:1.
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| CN108793304A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-13 | 大唐（北京）水务工程技术有限公司 | A method of coal chemical industrial waste water containing phenol is extracted |
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Application publication date: 20170329 |