CN106541683A - A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN106541683A CN106541683A CN201610936950.4A CN201610936950A CN106541683A CN 106541683 A CN106541683 A CN 106541683A CN 201610936950 A CN201610936950 A CN 201610936950A CN 106541683 A CN106541683 A CN 106541683A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
- B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
- B01D46/546—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using nano- or microfibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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Abstract
The present invention relates to composite fiber membrane manufacturing technology field, the preparation method of particularly a kind of multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, (1) first nanofiber film layer ... the n-th nanofiber film layer is spun into successively by way of electrostatic spinning on matrix, n is 1~50 integer;(2) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the n-th nanofiber film layer carries out covering with nano fibrous membrane protective layer and semi-finished product is obtained;(3) semi-finished product are carried out being combined and obtains final product product.The method not only causes to filter film uniformity and mechanical performance is improved, and also improves filter membrane for the barrier effectiveness relative reduction air drag of particulate matter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite fiber membrane manufacturing technology field, particularly a kind of multilamellar filtered for particulate in air
The preparation method of secondary structure nano composite fiber membrane.
Background technology
With the reinforcement of increasingly serious and people's environmental consciousness of environmental pollution, air quality has become Jiao of global concern
Point, it was recognized that air filtration will not only protect plant equipment also protect people.Therefore, airfiltering range of application is more next
It is more extensive.Air filtration maximum application is residential building, next to that commercial and industrial building.Additionally, filter plant is also commonly used for down
Row occasion:Toilet, copier, indoor air cleaner, air-conditioner etc..Wherein uptown demand is due to people's opposite
The requirement of bioplasm amount is improved constantly and is constantly increased, and the original air filtering system of house can not meet the demand of people, high
The nanofiber air filter film of performance will become first-selected succedaneum.
Electrostatic spinning nano fiber is straight due to its high-specific surface area, high porosity, very big draw ratio, high surface and fiber
The performance such as footpath is little so that application of the nanofiber in terms of particulate matter filtration embodies many advantages.It is for example high to receive dirty energy
Power, higher filter efficiency etc..However, in current commercial applications, still some are unsurmountable tired for nano fibrous membrane
It is difficult.For example:(1) inhomogeneities.Screen surfaces skewness is being collected, and this is the big barrier for which being affected as air filting material
Hinder, because part vapour lock thin in fibrous membrane is low, air-flow often passes through from relatively thin part, reduces filter efficiency, and receives
In rice fibrous membrane, thin part is present if big hole, can make microgranule directly by and reduce strainability.(2) mechanical strength
Difference.Electrostatic spinning nano fiber filter membrane is very frivolous, bad mechanical property, after particularly reaching certain thickness, between fibrous layer
Cohesive force is deteriorated, and can be easily separated between fibrous layer.Particularly in filter process, due to being affected by air pressure, fiber
Film is likely to occur the increase of the space between fracture or fiber, affects the filter efficiency of particulate matter filter membrane, reduces filter membrane
Life-span.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of multilamellar filtered for particulate in air
The preparation method of secondary structure nano composite fiber membrane, the method is by way of electrostatic spinning nanofiber to be spun to matrix
On, and with reference to multi-level combination and the complex method of ultrasound wave or fusion point, not only so that filtering film uniformity and mechanicalness
Can improve, filter membrane is also improved for the barrier effectiveness relative reduction air drag of particulate matter.
The technical scheme for solving above-mentioned technical problem is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) it is spun into first the n-th nanofiber of nanofiber film layer ... on matrix by way of electrostatic spinning successively
Film layer, n are 1~50 integer;The reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted is drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 1~120r/
Min, voltage are 15~100KV, and spinning nozzle is 8~60cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 20~50 DEG C, environment phase
It is 10~80% to humidity;
(2) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the n-th nanofiber film layer passes through electrostatic spinning
Mode nano fibrous membrane protective layer carries out covering and semi-finished product I is obtained;The grammes per square metre of the nano fibrous membrane protective layer be 5~
100g/m2;
(3) functional additive, such as activated carbon, shitosan, anion will be loaded with the nanofiber of the semi-finished product I
Powder, far infrared ceramic powder, Zinc Oxide, titanium dioxide, metal nanoparticle etc., it is the activated carbon, shitosan, anion powder, remote
It is 0.1-50% that the content of infrared ceramic powder, Zinc Oxide, titanium dioxide etc. accounts for the percentage ratio of the semi-finished product gross mass respectively, is added
Plus the method for functional materials has three kinds:One be by the activated carbon of concrete proportioning, anion powder, shitosan, far infrared ceramic powder,
The functional additives such as titanium dioxide, metal nanoparticle are uniformly mixed in electrostatic spinning liquid, are directly obtained by electrostatic spinning
To semi-finished product II;Two is that the precursor material of Zinc Oxide, titanium dioxide etc. is uniformly mixed in electrostatic spinning liquid, by electrostatic
Spinning obtains the micro/nano fibrous membrane material containing precursor, then the micro/nano fibrous membrane material is obtained through 50-150 ° of heat treatment
To semi-finished product II;Three is that micro/nano fibrous membrane material obtained in electrostatic spinning is immersed in the particulate matter solution such as activated carbon, shitosan
In, then the micro/nano fibrous membrane material after dipping is dried, obtain semi-finished product II;
(4) semi-finished product II described in step (3) are carried out being combined by ultrasound wave or heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
Ultrasound wave complex method is that semi-finished product are placed in ultrasound wave, 1~40min of supersound process.Ultrasound wave with
Its acoustic energy promotes the assembling in semi-finished product between layers, there is no heating, therefore, it is not result in each layer of nano fibrous membrane
Thermal decomposition, it is ensured that properties of product.
Fusing point complex method is applied to the compound of dry goods matrix and fiber film layer, will semi-finished product through uniform temperature heat
After heat treatment or flatiron, can make to be mutually bonded at intertexture between fiber in fabric, it is to avoid fabric is in use
Because external force produces sliding and slippage, while still can ensure that the intensity and pliability of fabric.
Further, in such scheme, the n described in step (1) is 1~50 integer.
Further, in such scheme, the n described in step (1) is 1~50 integer.
Further, in such scheme, first described the n-th nanofiber of nanofiber film layer ... film layer has mutual
The fibre diameter for differing and fiber morphology.
Further, in such scheme, the matrix described in step (1) be the non-weaving cloth of all kinds of materials, woven fabric,
Looped fabric, glass fibre, wire netting or plastic wire.
Further, the fibre diameter is 1nm~9000nm.
Further, the fiber morphology is smooth fibre, porous fibre, crimped fibre, core shell fiber, beading fibre
In dimension, nano-particle, nano wire any one.
Further, in such scheme, each layer of nanofiber film layer be by by polymeric material with add
Plus thing carries out electrostatic spinning and is obtained.Electrostatic spinning is a kind of special fiber fabrication process, and polymer solution and additive are strong
Jet spinning is carried out in electric field.Under electric field action, spinning drop can be changed into conical (i.e. " taylor cone ") from spherical, and from circle
Extend and obtain the polymer fiber filament of nanometer grade diameter in cone end.
Further, described polymeric material is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polypropylene (PP), polyethersulfone resin
(PES), in polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS) or Kynoar (PVDF) any one.
Further, described additive be activated carbon, shitosan, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder, Zinc Oxide,
Titanium dioxide, metal nanoparticle etc..
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The invention provides a kind of preparation of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air
Method, the nanofiber of different polymer, pattern or diameter is spun as on matrix by method of electrostatic spinning respectively, completes to receive
After the compound spinning of rice fibrous membrane, it is covered on the nano fibrous membrane of hierarchical structure with nano fibrous membrane protective layer, and by super
The filter membrane of the multiple structure is combined by sound wave or heat fusion joint complex method.The concrete hierarchical structure of the filter membrane can be according to not
Same filter effect requires to select specific complex form, and for effect generally, there is efficient particulate matter to stop effect for it
Rate (more than 99%), relatively low air drag.
Due to the use of the nano fibrous membrane of multilayered structure so that filter layer has various different structures, fiber is straight
Footpath, pattern, polymeric material etc. are all different, this allow for airfiltering nano fibrous membrane can have it is excellent in other
The water environment capacity of the particle filtration efficiency of the advantage of filtering material --- superelevation, relatively low air drag and Geng Gao, these filtrations
The raising of combination property so that nano fibrous membrane is greatly improved in the application advantage of field of air filtration, and have extraordinary
Market-oriented prospect.
The method not only can obtain the Nanofiber filter film with superior filtration performance, can be with hierarchical structure
Increase functional nanofiber film layer so that nano fibrous membrane while with high efficiency filter performance, also with special
The performances such as functionalization, such as photocatalysis.Such additional functionization design, can improve the comprehensive of multi-level nano fibrous membrane
Can, while its application has also been widened, more preferably faster entrance market.
The technological difficulties that relative reduction while improving barrier effectiveness filters air drag are this method solved, is not only realized
Application and development of the nanofiber particle filtering film in field of air filtration, efficiently solves its difficulty in industrial applications
Topic, it is also possible that nano fibrous membrane is preferably applied to reality, meets the life requirement that people are improved to life Environment Day benefit.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the three-decker nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air of the present invention is shown
It is intended to;In figure, based on 1,2 is the first nanofiber film layer, and 3 is the second nanofiber film layer, and 4 is the 3rd nano fibrous membrane
Layer, 5 is nano fibrous membrane protective layer.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the Fig. 2 for embodiment 1;Show cross section, front and the Nanowire of three layers of nano-fiber composite film
The microstructure of dimension;
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the Fig. 3 for embodiment 2;
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the Fig. 4 for embodiment 3;
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the Fig. 5 for embodiment 4;
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the Fig. 6 for embodiment 5;
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) in PP non-weaving cloths, (grammes per square metre is 30g/m2) first nanometer is spun into by way of electrostatic spinning successively on matrix
Fiber film layer --- PAN nanofibers, the reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted are drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 30r/
Min, voltage are 18KV, and spinning nozzle is 12cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 26 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is
40%;
(2) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the 1st nanofiber film layer passes through electrostatic spinning
Mode PP filament nonwovens cloth carries out covering and semi-finished product I is obtained, and the surface density of the nano fibrous membrane protective layer is 20g/
m2;
(3) by the semi-finished product I by impregnation method, load 5% granular active carbon, dip time is 10min, granule
Average diameter 100nm, obtains semi-finished product II;
(4) semi-finished product II described in step (3) are carried out being combined by ultrasound wave or heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
Wherein, the first nanofiber film layer is by polymeric material PAN is carried out electrostatic spinning with charcoal particle additive
It is obtained.
Filter effect is not according to the thickness of nano fibrous membrane is different for the filter efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film of the structure
Together, the filter efficiency of 0.3um granules 97%~99.99%, 0.5um granules filter efficiency 97%~99.99%, 1um,
The particle filtration efficiency of 3um, 5um, 10um is 100%.The microstructure scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the structure is shown in accompanying drawing 2.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) the first nanofiber film layer, the second nanofiber are spun on woven fabric by way of electrostatic spinning successively
Film layer, the reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted are drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 35r/min, and voltage is 42KV, syringe needle
It is 11.2cm to template distance is received, ambient temperature is 37 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is 25%;
(2) first nanofiber film layers are by by the TiO of PES and 3%2Nano-particle additive carries out electrostatic spinning system
.Wherein, TiO2The average diameter of nano-particle is 25nm.Average fibre diameter is 350nm.Second nanofiber film layer is logical
Cross the TiO of PVDF and 3%2Nano-particle additive carries out electrostatic spinning and is obtained.Wherein, TiO2The average diameter of nano-particle is
25nm.Average fibre diameter is 900nm.This two-layer nano fibrous membrane is semi-finished product I;
(3) upper surface in each nanofiber film layer carries out covering and semi-finished product II is obtained with PP continuous yarn non-woven fabrics, described
The surface density of nano fibrous membrane protective layer is 15g/m2;
(4) semi-finished product II described in step (3) are carried out being combined by heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
Wherein, fiber morphology is smooth fibre.
Filter effect is not according to the thickness of nano fibrous membrane is different for the filter efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film of the structure
Together, the filter efficiency of 0.3um granules is more than 99%, the filter efficiency of 0.5um granules more than 99.5%, 1um, 3um, 5um,
The particle filtration efficiency of 10um is 100%.In addition to particulate blockage rate is very high, the nano-fiber composite film also has photocatalysis
Effect, under action of ultraviolet light, can effectively remove the gases such as formaldehyde in air, acetone, toluene, TVOC.The microcosmic of the structure
Structural scan electron microscope is shown in accompanying drawing 3.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) in 20g/m2PP continuous yarn non-woven fabrics on be spun into the first nano fibrous membrane by way of electrostatic spinning successively
Layer, the second nanofiber film layer, the reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted are drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 40r/min,
Voltage is 44KV, and syringe needle is 11.5cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 37 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is 30%;
The manufacturing process of (3) first nanofiber film layers is by PVDF is added with 20% ZnO nano granule precursor
Plus thing carries out electrostatic spinning, and the heat treatment that nano fibrous membrane carries out 120 ° is obtained.Wherein, the ZnO nano in PVDF fibers
The average diameter of granule is 20nm, and average fibre diameter is 1.5um.Second nanofiber film layer is by by above-mentioned PVDF/ZnO
The Hydrothermal Synthesiss that nano-particle is carried out 3 hours are obtained, wherein, the average diameter of ZnO nano-wire is 190nm, average fibre diameter
For 8um.Above-mentioned fibrous membrane is the semi-finished product I for obtaining;
(2) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the second nanofiber film layer passes through electrostatic spinning
Mode 5g/m2PP continuous yarn non-woven fabrics carry out covering semi-finished product II be obtained;
(4) semi-finished product II described in step (3) are carried out being combined by heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
Filter effect is not according to the thickness of nano fibrous membrane is different for the filter efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film of the structure
Together, more than 99.8%, the particle filtration efficiency of 0.5um, 1um, 3um, 5um, 10um is the filter efficiency of 0.3um granules
100%.In addition to particulate blockage rate is very high, the photocatalysis efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film is also very high, in action of ultraviolet light
Under, can effectively remove the gases such as formaldehyde in air, acetone, toluene, TVOC.The microstructure scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the structure is shown in attached
Fig. 4.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) in 50g/m2PP non-woven fabrics on the first nanofiber film layer, Static Spinning are spun into by way of electrostatic spinning
For drum-type reception device, drum rotation speed is 50r/min to the reception device that silk is adopted, and voltage is 45KV, and syringe needle is to reception template
Distance is 12cm, and ambient temperature is 37 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is 35%;
(2) first nanofiber film layers are that (mass ratio is by polymer P AN to be dissolved in the mixed solvent of DMF and chloroform
3:7) in, carry out electrostatic spinning and be obtained, fiber morphology is porous fibre, and average fibre diameter is 2um.Above-mentioned nano fibrous membrane is
The semi-finished product I for obtaining;
(3) in the exposed surface 50g/m of above-mentioned porous PAN nanofiber membrane layer2Filament of glass fiber non-woven fabrics enter
Row covering is obtained semi-finished product II;
(4) semi-finished product described in step (2) are carried out being combined by heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
Filter effect is not according to the thickness of nano fibrous membrane is different for the filter efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film of the structure
Together, 99.8%, the particle filtration efficiency of 0.5um, 1um, 3um, 5um, 10um is 100% to the filter efficiency of 0.3um granules.Remove
Outside efficient strainability, also there are the nano-fiber composite film available gas such as efficient absorption property, PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) to have very
Good absorption property.The microstructure scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the structure is shown in accompanying drawing 5.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) in 50g/m2PP non-woven fabrics on the first nanofiber film layer be spun into by way of electrostatic spinning, second receive
Rice fiber film layer, the reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted are drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 50r/min, and voltage is
50KV, syringe needle are 14cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 38 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is 40%;
(2) first nanofiber film layers are by the ZnO nano particle additive of nylon 6 and 10% is carried out electrostatic spinning
It is obtained.Average fibre diameter is 150nm.Second nanofiber film layer is to carry out electrostatic spinning with shitosan additive by PAN
It is obtained.A beading/ball fiber of the fiber morphology for nanoporous.Above-mentioned nano fibrous membrane is the semi-finished product I for obtaining;
(3) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the second nanofiber film layer passes through electrostatic spinning
Mode 10g/m2PP continuous yarn non-woven fabrics carry out covering semi-finished product be obtained, the surface density of the nano fibrous membrane protective layer is
50g/m2;Obtain semi-finished product II;
(4) semi-finished product II described in step (3) are carried out being combined by heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
Filter effect is not according to the thickness of nano fibrous membrane is different for the filter efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film of the structure
Together, the filter efficiency of 0.3um granules is more than 99%, the filter efficiency of 0.5um granules more than 99.5%, 1um, 3um, 5um,
The particle filtration efficiency of 10um is 100%.In addition to efficient strainability, the nano-fiber composite film also has efficient suction
The available gas such as attached performance, PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) have good absorption property.The microstructure scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the structure is shown in accompanying drawing 6.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) the first nano fibrous membrane is spun on the net by way of electrostatic spinning successively in copper mesh, golden net, iron net or silver
N-th nanofiber film layer, n is 50 to layer ..., and the reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted is drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is
50r/min, voltage are 48KV, and syringe needle is 13cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 20 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is
35%;
(2) exposed surface in each nanofiber film layer covers 15g/m2PP non-woven fabrics, obtain semi-finished product I;
(3) semi-finished product I described in step (2) are carried out being combined by ultrasound wave complex method and obtains semi-finished product II;
(4) upper surface in the n-th nanofiber film layer covers nano fibrous membrane protective layer, and its grammes per square metre is 75g/m2, obtain final product
Product.
Wherein, described polymeric material be PVA, PP, PES, PAN, PE, PS or PVDF, the fibre diameter be 1nm~
9000nm.Fiber morphology is porous fibre, core shell fiber or nano-particle.The filter efficiency of the nano-fiber composite film of the structure
It is different according to the thickness of nano fibrous membrane and filter effect is different, the filter efficiency of 0.3um granules more than 95%, 0.5um
More than 97%, the particle filtration efficiency of 1um, 3um, 5um, 10um is 100% to the filter efficiency of grain.Except efficient filterability
Can be outer, the particle filtering film directly can apply on the frameworks such as window, and intensity is very high, can bear the wind-force of outdoor.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, including it is following
Step:
(1) it is spun into the first nanofiber film layer ... on plastic wire or looped fabric by way of electrostatic spinning successively
N-th nanofiber film layer, n is 10, and the reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted is drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 60r/
Min, voltage are 50KV, and syringe needle is 12cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 40 DEG C, and envionmental humidity is 50%;
(2) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the n-th nanofiber film layer passes through electrostatic spinning
Mode nano fibrous membrane protective layer carries out covering and semi-finished product is obtained, and the surface density of the nano fibrous membrane protective layer is 85g/
m2;
(3) by the semi-finished product load type active carbon, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder, the activated carbon, anion powder,
The content of far infrared ceramic powder accounts for and accounts for the percentage ratio of the semi-finished product gross mass respectively and be:It is activated carbon 3%, anion powder 1%, remote
Infrared ceramic powder 1%;Carrying method is:By the activated carbon of the proportioning, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder mix homogeneously,
It is even to be distributed in the semi-finished product, heat treatment 3 hours in 150 DEG C of environment are placed in, semi-finished product II are obtained;
(4) semi-finished product described in step (2) are carried out being combined by ultrasound wave complex method and obtains final product product.
Wherein, the fibre diameter is 1nm~9000nm.
Fiber morphology is the nanofiber that porous fibre or fiber surface have nano-particle.
Described polymeric material is PVA, PP, PES, PAN, PE, PS or PVDF.
Due to the use of the nano fibrous membrane of multilayered structure so that filter layer has various different structures, fiber is straight
Footpath, pattern, polymeric material etc. are all different, this allow for airfiltering nano fibrous membrane can have it is excellent in other
The water environment capacity of the particle filtration efficiency of the advantage of filtering material --- superelevation, relatively low air drag and Geng Gao, these filtrations
The raising of combination property so that nano fibrous membrane is greatly improved in the application advantage of field of air filtration, and have extraordinary
Market-oriented prospect.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, it is every according to
According to any simple modification, equivalent variations made to above example in technical spirit of the invention, the guarantor of the present invention is each fallen within
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps:
(1) it is spun into first nanofiber film layer ... the n-th nanofiber film layer on matrix by way of electrostatic spinning successively,
N is 1~50 integer;The reception device that electrostatic spinning is adopted is drum-type reception device, and drum rotation speed is 1~120r/min,
Voltage is 15~100KV, and spinning nozzle is 8~60cm to template distance is received, and ambient temperature is 20~50 DEG C, and environment is relatively wet
Spend for 10~80%;
(2) exposed surface in the upper surface and each nanofiber film layer of the n-th nanofiber film layer carry out covering with protective layer can
Obtain semi-finished product I;The surface density of the nano fibrous membrane protective layer is 5~150g/m2;
(3) semi-finished product described in (2) will be loaded with functional additive in the nanofiber of the semi-finished product I, such as activated carbon,
Shitosan, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder, Zinc Oxide, titanium dioxide, metal nanoparticle etc., the activated carbon, shell gather
The content of sugar, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder, Zinc Oxide, titanium dioxide etc. accounts for the percentage of the semi-finished product gross mass respectively
There are three kinds than the method for 0.1-50%, addition functional materials:One is to gather the activated carbon of concrete proportioning, anion powder, shell
The functional additives such as sugar, far infrared ceramic powder, titanium dioxide, metal nanoparticle are uniformly mixed in electrostatic spinning liquid, are led to
Cross electrostatic spinning and directly obtain semi-finished product II;Two is that the precursor material of Zinc Oxide, titanium dioxide etc. is uniformly mixed in electrostatic
In spinning liquid, the micro/nano fibrous membrane material containing precursor is obtained by electrostatic spinning, then the micro/nano fibrous membrane material is passed through
50-150 ° of heat treatment, obtains semi-finished product II;Three be by micro/nano fibrous membrane material obtained in electrostatic spinning be immersed in activated carbon,
In the particulate matter solution such as shitosan, then the micro/nano fibrous membrane material after dipping is dried, obtain semi-finished product II;
(4) semi-finished product II described in step (3) are carried out being combined by ultrasound wave or heat fusion joint complex method and obtains final product product.
2. the preparation of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that the n described in step (1) is 1~50 integer.
3. the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 1 and 2
Preparation method, it is characterised in that the n described in step (1) is 1~50 integer.
4. the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 1 and 2
Preparation method, it is characterised in that first described nanofiber film layer ... the n-th nanofiber film layer has mutually different fibre
Dimension diameter and fiber morphology.
5. the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 1 and 2
Preparation method, it is characterised in that the matrix described in step (1) is the non-weaving cloth of all kinds of materials, woven fabric, looped fabric, glass
Glass fiber, wire netting or plastic wire.
6. the preparation of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 4
Method, it is characterised in that fibre diameter is 1nm~9000nm.
7. the preparation of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 4
Method, it is characterised in that fiber morphology is smooth fibre, porous fibre, crimped fibre, core shell fiber, beading fiber, nanometer
Grain, in nano wire any one.
8. according to any one of claim 1,2,6,7 for particulate in air filter multilayered structure Nanowire
The preparation method of dimension composite membrane, it is characterised in that each layer of nanofiber film layer is by by polymeric material and additive
Carry out electrostatic spinning to be obtained.
9. the preparation of the multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film filtered for particulate in air according to claim 8
Method, it is characterised in that described polymeric material is any one in PVA, PP, PES, PAN, PE, PS or PVDF.
10. it is according to claim 8 for particulate in air filter multilayered structure nano-fiber composite film system
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that described additive be activated carbon, shitosan, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder, Zinc Oxide, two
In titanium oxide, metal nanoparticle etc. any one.
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