CN106532771A - Low-voltage ride-through realization method for double-fed wind turbine generator with adaptive function on voltage drop - Google Patents
Low-voltage ride-through realization method for double-fed wind turbine generator with adaptive function on voltage drop Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-voltage ride-through realization method for a double-fed wind turbine generator with an adaptive function on voltage drop. A comprehensive strategy is divided into two modes by considering voltage drop degree and stator variable resistance crowbar protective applicable range: when the grid-connected point voltage U of a wind power plant is within Xp.u-0.9p.u, low-voltage ride-through of the unit is realized by a unloading circuit and grid side dynamic reactive control by combination with a static var generator; and when U is less than Xp.u, low-voltage ride-through of the unit is realized by stator variable resistance crowbar protection, the unloading circuit and the grid side dynamic reactive control by combination with the static var generator, wherein the grid side dynamic reactive control and the stator variable resistance crowbar protection are subjected to parameter adjustment by taking the grid-connected point voltage as the reference so as to realize the adaptive function on the voltage drop degree. By adoption of the method, the low-voltage ride-through capability, the fault ride-through capability and transient state vibration resistance of the unit are greatly improved while the stable operating capability of the unit and the system after fault ride through is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the double-fed fan motor unit that technical field of wind power generation, especially adaptive voltage fall（DFIG）It is low
Voltage ride-through implementation method.
Background technology
By the end of the year 2014, the newly-increased installed capacity of wind-driven power of China creates the new highest record in history, and wind-powered electricity generation installation scale continues to be sure to occupy generation
Boundary first.And as ratio of the wind capacity integrated into grid in power system constantly increases, wind-powered electricity generation off-grid is to electric power netting safe running
Affect also increasingly severe.The wind power base such as China Jiuquan, Xinjiang occurs repeatedly because electrical network glitch is caused greatly in recent years
Area blower fan concentrates the accident of off-grid, the overall security of network system and stable operation is caused and is had a strong impact on, is confirmed
Impact of the wind-powered electricity generation to power system and the problem that its own is present.For this《Wind-electricity integration technical regulation》It is required that integrated wind plant is needed
Possess low voltage ride-through capability to realize certain reactive power support being provided as electrical network during electric network fault or Voltage Drop, lifted
The recovery capability of line voltage.Mainstream model of the double-fed wind power generator as current wind energy turbine set, which realizes low voltage crossing
Method also becomes study hotspot.
At present in terms of the low voltage crossing technology of double-fed fan motor unit is three according to the main overview of principle：1. machine is reduced
The low voltage crossing technology of group pusher side current transformer input power, such as pitch angle are adjusted, limit sends out Wind turbines electromagnetic power, but are existed
Response speed is slow, the shortcomings of failure recovery time is long；2. the low voltage crossing technology of imbalance power at dc bus is eliminated, such as
, there is big volume, poor reliability, limited energy storage, high cost, control complexity in discharging circuit, energy storage device, increase AuCT
The shortcomings of；3. increase the low voltage crossing technology of unit net side current transformer power output, such as unit send out control strategy idle, it is idle
The shortcomings of compensating, but there is regulating power finite sum elimination imbalance scarce capacity.Found by contrasting, current low-voltage is worn
More technology dynamic responding speed, power swing amplitude, complex degree of structure, economy, failure recovery time, reliability and
More or less there is obvious drawback in the aspects such as regulating power.It is existing maximum with regard to double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing technology
Shortcoming is exactly, it is impossible to while taking into account unit low voltage ride-through capability and Voltage Drop terminates rear stable operation of unit ability.And its
Basic reason is that the current low voltage crossing technology with regard to double-fed fan motor unit does not adapt to different degrees of grid voltage sags
Change.Therefore, exploitation improves double-fed fan motor unit low voltage ride-through capability and the anti-transient state concussion ability of unit is taken into account simultaneously and carried
After rising fault traversing, the adaptive voltage of unit and system stable operation ability falls the double-fed fan motor unit low-voltage of degree and wears
More comprehensive strategic technology, has very important significance.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that overcoming the defect of prior art, there is provided the low electricity of double-fed fan motor unit that a kind of adaptive voltage falls
Pressure passes through implementation method, the low voltage ride-through capability of unit, fault traversing during double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing is improved
While ability and the anti-transient state of enhancing unit shake ability, the stable operation energy of unit and system after lifting fault traversing is taken into account
Power.Significantly improve power swing caused by conventional low voltage crossing technology, idle problem.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides technical scheme below：
The double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that a kind of adaptive voltage falls, step are as follows：
1）According to Voltage Drop degree, avoiding unnecessary power attenuation and stator dynamic from becoming the resistance crow bar protection scope of application will
Low voltage crossing integrated control strategy is divided into both of which；
2）Wind farm grid-connected point voltage is measured in real time by wind farm side voltage transformer, when wind farm grid-connected point voltage exists
Xp.u-0.9 p.u are interval, and unit low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic adopts direct-current unloading circuit and net side dynamic reactive to control and tie
Close static reacance generator and realize unit low voltage crossing, stator dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar and do not put into operation；
3）When wind farm grid-connected point voltage is less than Xp.u, unit low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic adopts pattern two, i.e., using double
Feedback Wind turbines stator dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar, with reference to direct-current unloading circuit, the control of net side dynamic reactive and static reacance
Generator realizes unit low voltage crossing；
Above-mentioned X is comprehensive strategic control model voltage separation, is determined by unit parameter, control strategy and low voltage crossing strategy
It is fixed.
Further, in second step, the control of net side dynamic reactive is adopted during unit low voltage crossing, according to Voltage Drop
Degree carries out sending out reactive power real-time adjustment to realize the self adaptation to Voltage Drop degree, and its value meets Variable power factor letter
Number cos θ=f (u)；
Wherein：U is wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value.
Further, in the 3rd step, stator dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar using during unit low voltage crossing, according to electricity
Pressure is fallen degree and changes its crow bar resistance value in real time to realize the self adaptation to Voltage Drop level, and its value meets change resistance letter
Number R=f (u)；
U glvp For unit under-voltage protection working value.
Further, before the first step, the wind farm grid-connected point voltage value of Real-time Collection, and it is converted into perunit value；When collection
When wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value is more than 0.9p.u, then it is judged to that electrical network normal voltage fluctuates, Wind turbines do not enter low
Voltage ride-through state, net side current transformer is idle, and control is still controlled using unit factor, i.e., do not send out reactive power strategy；When collection
Wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value is not more thanU glvpWhen, then it is judged to electrical network extreme Voltage Drop, the low electricity of double-fed fan motor unit
Pressure protection act, it is out of service that Wind turbines cut machine.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
Instant invention overcomes the drawbacks of traditional double-fed LVRT Capability of Wind Turbine Generator technology, the non-crowbar technologies of employing it is low
Voltage ride-through comprehensive strategic not only significantly improves power swing caused by conventional low voltage crossing technology, idle problem, and
And avoid the non-power frequency problem of double-fed fan motor unit fault current that traditional crowbar technologies cause.Can realize to electrical network electricity
Pressure falls horizontal self adaptation, shakes energy in the anti-transient state of low voltage ride-through capability, fault ride-through capacity and unit for improving unit
While power, the stable operation ability for improving unit and system after fault traversing is preferably taken into account, unit is effectively reduced low
Influence degree before and after voltage ride-through to the stability of a system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage of the present invention falls；
Fig. 2 is the control block diagram of the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage of the present invention falls；
Fig. 3 is the net side dynamic reactive control of the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage of the present invention falls
Schematic diagram processed
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage of the present invention falls；
Fig. 5 applies wind energy turbine set schematic diagram for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it will be appreciated that preferred reality described herein
Apply example and be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
As Figure 1-4, the double-fed fan motor unit that a kind of adaptive voltage falls（DFIG）Low voltage crossing implementation method,
The protection 2, static reacance generator of resistance crow bar is become by direct-current unloading circuit 1, stator dynamic（SVG）3rd, net side dynamic reactive control
4 four parts are constituted, and low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic is divided into two kinds of control models according to Voltage Drop degree.Step is as follows：
1）The wind farm grid-connected point voltage value of Real-time Collection, and it is converted into perunit value；
2）When the wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value of collection is more than 0.9p.u, then it is judged to that electrical network normal voltage fluctuates, wind
Group of motors does not enter low voltage crossing state, and control that net side current transformer is idle still using the control of unit factor, i.e., does not send out work(idle
Rate strategy；
3）Wind farm grid-connected point voltage is measured in real time by wind farm side voltage transformer, when the wind farm grid-connected point voltage of collection
Perunit value is（X, 0.9p.u] when, then it is judged to the slight Voltage Drop of electrical network, unit enters low voltage crossing state, using low electricity
Pressure passes through one direct-current unloading circuit 1, static reacance generator of comprehensive strategic pattern（SVG）3rd, the control 4 of net side dynamic reactive is common
Unit low voltage crossing is realized, stator dynamic becomes resistance crow bar protection 2 and do not put into operation；Wherein, direct-current unloading circuit, static nothing
Work(generator（SVG）Quick to put into, using sending out control strategy idle, its power factor is determined net side current transformer by grid-connected point voltage
To adapt to Voltage Drop level, its value meet Variable power factor function cos θ=f(u)；
4）When the wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value of collection is（UgLvp, Xp.u] when, then it is judged to that electrical network depth voltage falls
Fall, unit enters low voltage crossing state, it is using low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic pattern two, dynamic using double-fed wind turbine
State becomes resistance crow bar protection 2, with reference to direct-current unloading circuit 1, static reacance generator（SVG）3 and net side dynamic reactive control 4；
Wherein, direct-current unloading circuit, reactive-load compensation（SVG）It is quick to put into；Net side current transformer using sending out idle control strategy maximum, power
Factor cos θ take 0.95；Stator dynamic becomes resistance crow bar protective resistance value and is determined to adapt to Voltage Drop water by grid-connected point voltage
Flat, its value meets variable resistance value function R=f(u)；
5）When collection wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value for [0,UgLvp] when, then it is judged to electrical network extreme Voltage Drop, it is double
Feedback wind turbine generator system low voltage protection act, it is out of service that Wind turbines cut machine；
6）Step 3）Or step 4）In implementation procedure, the grid-connected point voltage of Real-time Collection simultaneously judges electric network state, if wind farm grid-connected
When point voltage perunit value is not more than 0.9p.u and unit low voltage crossing time t≤2s, then it is judged to that line voltage recovers not yet,
Step 3）Or step 4）In low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic, corresponding actions module keeps the state that puts into operation；
7）Step 3）With step 4）In implementation procedure, the grid-connected point voltage of Real-time Collection simultaneously judges electric network state, if wind farm grid-connected
When point voltage perunit value is more than 0.9p.u and unit low voltage crossing time t≤2s, then it is judged to that line voltage recovers, step
3）With step 4）In low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic, corresponding actions module is exited, and is that protection current transformer direct-current unloading circuit only existsU dc＜U dcmaxWhen it is out of service；
8）If unit low voltage crossing time t ＞ 2s and wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value are less than 0.9p.u, according to《Wind
Electric field accesses electric power network technique regulation》Middle LVRT curve requirements, it is out of service that Wind turbines cut machine；
9）If unit low voltage crossing time t ＞ 2s and wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value are more than 0.9p.u, Wind turbines
Holding is incorporated into the power networks, and in low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic, corresponding actions module is exited, and direct-current unloading circuit existsU dc＜U dcmaxWhen move back
Go out operation.
As shown in figure 5, embodiment closer describes technical scheme in detail：
With reference to the related service data of Xinjiang Da Bancheng wind energy turbine sets, in embodiment, wind power system is made up of 6 1.5MW units, main
Become side static reacance generator SVG capacity and take 1.5 Mvar, direct-current unloading circuit trigger value elects the 1.1 of DC bus-bar voltage as
Times, electric power generation unloading resistance takes 0.3 Ω（See formula 1-2）, double-fed fan motor unit parameter is shown in Table 1.
1 double-fed fan motor unit parameter of table
1. direct-current unloading circuit
Direct-current unloading circuit is in series by insulated gate bipolar transistor and electric power generation unloading resistance, is connected in parallel on dc bus side.Off-load
The switching rule of resistance is：When systematic steady state runs, direct-current unloading circuit does not put into；WhenU dc It is more thanU dc-max When, electric power generation unloading resistance is fast
Speed input；Conversely, direct current electric power generation unloading resistance quickly cuts out.Electric power generation unloading resistanceR dc By bus maximum voltageU dcmax With current transformer both sides work(
Rate flowing deviation delta P determines that its value is shown in formula 1-2.
2. net side current transformer dynamic reactive control
The idle control strategy of double-fed fan motor unit net side current transformer is at present：Grid voltage sags exceed permissible value, Wind turbines
Net side current transformer sends out idle strategy constant by not sending out strategy idle and be changed to, and no matter Voltage Drop is deep or shallow, and Wind turbines are carried
For reactive power be steady state value, for the weaker system of Voltage Drop lesser extent and Net Frame of Electric Network, may make
It is superfluous into system reactive power, there is certain drawback.
Propose that adaptive voltage falls the net side dynamic reactive control strategy of degree for this present invention：Fallen according to line voltage
The degree for falling adopts different power factors, i.e., when grid voltage sags lesser extent, the idle work(that Wind turbines are sent out a small amount of
Rate, with the intensification for falling degree, the sent out reactive power of Wind turbines also corresponds to increase therewith, when Voltage Drop degree exceedes
During certain value, Wind turbines send allowed maximum reactive power.Variable power factor value is according to a large amount of emulation data separates
Matlab fittings are obtained, and its value meets Variable power factor function formula 3.
Net side current transformer exchanges the expression formula of power with electrical network：
In formula, by adjusting igd, igq, you can active, the reactive power of control net side output.Igd, igq are active, idle electricity
The component of stream.
Front Feed Compensation usd is added, the voltage control quantity of net side current transformer is：
Simultaneously to prevent from damaging current transformer, Current limited Control (wherein i is carried out by formula 7 to watt current max For net side current transformer
Maximum safe current)；After Failure elimination, net side current transformer recovers unity power factor control.
3. stator dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar
Stator crow bar protection circuit becomes resistance current-limiting resistance by dynamic and by-pass switch is constituted, and during stable state, switch is in closed form
State, by current-limiting resistance short circuit；When set end voltage is less than setting value, by-pass switch disconnects, and current-limiting resistance seals in stator loop.This
Strategy becomes resistance current-limiting resistance using the dynamic for adapting to Voltage Drop degree, obtains stator crow bar according to different Voltage Drop levels
Protection optimal resistance.While unit low voltage ride-through capability is realized, stable operation of unit performance is improved, effectively suppresses unit
Transient state is shaken.
By gathering service data of the double-fed unit under different Voltage Drop levels, Voltage Drop point in embodiment is obtained
0.6 pu of boundary point X values；According to optimal values of the stator crow bar current-limiting resistance R under different drop-off voltages is emulated to obtain in a large number, utilize
The fitting of matlab softwares obtains stator crow bar resistance value matched curve variable resistance value function R=f (u), sees formula 7.
4. double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing integrated control strategy
It is as traditional stator crow bar protects the change that Voltage Drop degree is not adapted to using fixed resistance, excessive or too small equal
The stable operation of the fault traversing and system of unit can be affected.Protect in view of stator crow bar and make when Voltage Drop degree is deeper
With obvious；When Voltage Drop degree is shallower, the crow bar protection of input stator is unfavorable for that Voltage Drop terminates the stable fortune of rear unit
OK, unnecessary power attenuation will also be caused.Terminate rear set steady to take into account unit low voltage ride-through capability and Voltage Drop
Service ability, by gathering the service data under double-fed unit different conditions and combining unit parameter, control strategy, the present embodiment
The control model voltage separation X of low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic takes 0.6p.u, and LVRT integrated control strategies are divided into two kinds of moulds
Formula：
（1）Pattern one：When wind farm grid-connected point voltage is during 0.6p.u-0.9 p.u, double-fed fan motor unit relies on direct current off-load
Circuit and net side dynamic reactive are controlled and realize jointly unit low voltage crossing with reference to static reacance generator, and stator dynamic becomes
The protection of resistance crow bar does not put into operation.Wherein：The control of net side dynamic reactive is adopted during unit low voltage crossing according to voltage
Fall degree carry out send out a reactive power real-time adjustment fall the control strategy of degree to realize adaptive voltage, its value is shown in formula 3；
（2）Pattern two：When wind farm grid-connected point is less than 0.6p.u, double-fed wind turbine dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar and throws
Enter operation, realize that jointly unit low-voltage is worn with reference to direct-current unloading circuit, the control of net side dynamic reactive and static reacance generator
More.Wherein：Stator dynamic change resistance crow bar protection is taken and is changed according to Voltage Drop degree in real time during unit low voltage crossing
Become its crow bar resistance value（On-fixed value）To realize that adaptive voltage falls the control strategy of degree, its value is shown in formula 7.
It should be noted that the voltage separation value of low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic control model receives unit in the present invention
The impacts of factor such as parameter, unit allocation strategy, unit low voltage crossing strategy and change.X=in low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic
0.6 p.u is pattern separation optimal value for the present embodiment unit, if unit parameter changes, will no longer be optimal value, but
Feasible value is remained, i.e., the strategy is still applicable to different double-fed types.
Explanation embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, the present invention is not limited to, for the technology of this area
For personnel, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made etc. should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that a kind of adaptive voltage falls, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
1）According to Voltage Drop degree, avoiding unnecessary power attenuation and stator dynamic from becoming the resistance crow bar protection scope of application will
Low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic is divided into both of which；
2）Wind farm grid-connected point voltage is measured in real time by wind farm side voltage transformer, when wind farm grid-connected point voltage exists
Xp.u-0.9 p.u are interval, and unit low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic adopts pattern one, i.e., dynamic using direct-current unloading circuit and net side
Control that state is idle simultaneously realizes unit low voltage crossing with reference to static reacance generator, and stator dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar and do not put into
Operation；
3）When wind farm grid-connected point voltage is less than Xp.u, unit low voltage crossing comprehensive strategic adopts pattern two, i.e., using double
Feedback Wind turbines stator dynamic becomes the protection of resistance crow bar, with reference to direct-current unloading circuit, the control of net side dynamic reactive and static reacance
Generator realizes unit low voltage crossing jointly；
Above-mentioned X is comprehensive strategic control model voltage separation, is determined by unit parameter, control strategy and low voltage crossing strategy
It is fixed.
2. the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage falls according to claim 1, its feature
It is that, in second step, net side dynamic reactive is controlled during unit low voltage crossing, sends out idle according to Voltage Drop degree
To realize the self adaptation to Voltage Drop degree, its value meets Variable power factor function cos θ=f (u) to power real-time adjustment；
Wherein：U is wind farm grid-connected point voltage perunit value.
3. the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage falls according to claim 1, its feature
It is that, in the 3rd step, stator dynamic becomes resistance crow bar and protects during unit low voltage crossing, real-time according to Voltage Drop degree
Change its crow bar resistance value to realize the self adaptation to Voltage Drop level, its value meets variable resistance value function R=f (u)；
Wherein：UglvpFor unit under-voltage protection working value.
4. the double-fed fan motor unit low voltage crossing implementation method that adaptive voltage falls according to claim 1, its feature
It is, before the first step, the wind farm grid-connected point voltage value of Real-time Collection, and it is converted into perunit value；It is wind farm grid-connected when what is gathered
When point voltage perunit value is more than 0.9p.u, then it is judged to that electrical network normal voltage fluctuates, Wind turbines do not enter low voltage crossing shape
State, net side current transformer is idle, and control is still controlled using unit factor, i.e., do not send out reactive power strategy；It is wind farm grid-connected when what is gathered
Point voltage perunit value is not more thanU glvpWhen, then it is judged to electrical network extreme Voltage Drop, it is out of service that double-fed fan motor unit cuts machine.
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| US10581247B1 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2020-03-03 | General Electric Company | System and method for reactive power control of wind turbines in a wind farm supported with auxiliary reactive power compensation |
| CN111431206A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cooperative fault ride-through method for large-scale double-fed wind power plant through flexible Direct Current (DC) outgoing |
| CN111478366A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-31 | 华北电力大学 | Double-fed fan low-voltage ride-through control method and system based on transient overvoltage suppression |
| US10790668B1 (en) | 2019-05-06 | 2020-09-29 | General Electric Company | Method for reactive power oscillation damping for a wind turbine system with integrated reactive power compensation device |
| CN113315136A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | Power control method and system for fault ride-through of double-fed asynchronous fan |
| CN113765145A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2021-12-07 | 四川大学 | Method for correcting crowbar parameters of double-fed fan at sending end by considering direct-current commutation failure factors |
| CN113937817A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-14 | 东南大学 | Universal double-fed wind turbine generator low-voltage ride-through hierarchical control method |
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