CN106529103A - Anti-fatigue lightweight design method for frame structure of electric wheel dump truck - Google Patents
Anti-fatigue lightweight design method for frame structure of electric wheel dump truck Download PDFInfo
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-fatigue lightweight design method for a frame structure of an electric wheel dump truck. The anti-fatigue lightweight design method mainly comprises the following steps of: (1), establishing an anti-fatigue lightweight design model of the frame structure of the electric wheel dump truck, and obtaining design variable sample points by utilizing a Latin hypercube sampling method; (2), constructing a parametrical finite element model of the frame structure of the electric wheel dump truck, obtaining target function response values corresponding to the various design variable sample points through finite element calculation, establishing a Kriging approximation model, and performing precise evaluation; and (3), performing global optimization by utilizing a non-dominated sorting multi-object genetic algorithm, obtaining a Pareto optimal solution, and determining an optimization result. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that: the weight of the frame structure of the electric wheel dump truck can be reduced; furthermore, the fatigue life of the electric wheel dump truck can satisfy design requirements; the calculation efficiency is high; and an optimization scheme is reasonable and easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method, belongs to electric power wheel self-discharging vehicle car
Frame Optimal Structure Designing field.
Background technology
Hundred tonnes of electric power wheel self-discharging vehicle operations under the potted road surface adverse circumstances of mine throughout the year, its crucial load bearing component vehicle frame
Structural behaviour vital effect is played to vehicle operational reliability and safety in utilization.However, domestic hundred tonnes electronic
The design of wheel self-discharging vehicle body frame structure for automotive depends on Conventional wisdom, ensures body frame structure for automotive stiffness performance by increasing material thickness
The problems such as way certainly will cause construction weight redundancy and superfluous fatigue life.Therefore, it is to improve stock utilization, reduces being manufactured into
Originally with save resources consumption, need to carry out electric-wheel dump truck frame Structural Optimization Design.
Existing electric-wheel dump truck frame Optimal Structure Designing is mainly around improving the intensity of body frame structure for automotive, rigidity, solid
Having frequency or mitigating the simple targets such as weight is carried out, and realizes optimization aim, this kind of side by changing geometry topological relation
The advantage of method is with clearly defined objective and easy realization.But, weight equipment bearing structure is complex-shaped, and working environment is extremely severe, only
The body frame structure for automotive for only meeting single optimization aim is obviously difficult to ensure that vehicle is reliable and uses the requirement of safety.Meanwhile, should
Optimization method often after body frame structure for automotive performance or light-weight design is improved again verifying the fatigue reliability index of structure, this
Body frame structure for automotive after causing to optimize possibly cannot meet fatigue reliability performance and needs re-start Structural Topology Optimization Design,
Bring repetitive operation.Therefore, the structure lightened method for designing of current electric-wheel dump truck frame is in computational accuracy and efficiency side
Face is still undesirable.
The content of the invention
Computational efficiency and precision existing for the structure lightened method for designing of the existing electric-wheel dump truck frame of solution is inclined
Low problem, overcomes defect described in background technology, the present invention to provide a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue lightweight
Method for designing, the inventive method are comprised the following steps：
(1) set up electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design model；Select to electric power wheel self-discharging vehicle car
The big longeron thickness of frame structure fatigue life and weight, tail boom thickness, gantry cantilever thickness and Rib Thickness are used as design
Variable, using electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life and electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight as optimization aim, builds
Vertical electric-wheel dump truck frame structure Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, i.e.,：
min F1(x1,x2,x3,x4)
max F2(x1,x2,x3,x4)
s.t.x1∈X1, x2∈X2, x3∈X3, x4∈X4
F in formula1(x1, x2, x3, x4) and F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) represents electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and electronic
Wheel self-discharging vehicle body frame structure for automotive fatigue life；x1、x2、x3、x4Represent design variable, x1For longeron thickness, x2For tail boom thickness, x3For
Gantry cantilever thickness, x4For Rib Thickness；X1、X2、X3、X4Respectively x1、x2、x3、x4Design space；
(2) EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN is carried out in design variable space using optimization Latin Hypercube Sampling method, obtains longeron thick
Degree, tail boom thickness, gantry cantilever thickness and four design variable sample points of Rib Thickness；
(3) electric-wheel dump truck frame structure parameterization model is set up, each design variable sample is obtained by FEM calculation
Two object functions of the corresponding electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight of this point and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life
Response value；
(4) according to each design variable sample point and object function response value, Kriging approximate models is built and precision is carried out
Assessment；
(5) global optimizing is carried out using non-dominated ranking multi-objective genetic algorithm, calculate Pareto optimal solutions and carry out essence
Degree assessment, determines optimum results.
Further, in step (1), electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight F1(x1, x2, x3, x4) needs satisfaction to set
Meter requires F1(x1, x2, x3, x4)≤m, m are electric-wheel dump truck frame structure design maximum weight；Electric-wheel dump truck frame
Structure fatigue life F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) needs to meet design requirement F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) >=N, N are electric power wheel self-discharging vehicle
Body frame structure for automotive minimal design fatigue life.
Further, in step (2), by optimizing the design variable sample number that Latin Hypercube Sampling method is obtained
For 30.
Further, in step (3), each unit weight sum in electric-wheel dump truck frame structural finite element model etc.
In electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight；Electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life passes through business software
The quasistatic addition method in Msc.Fatigue is calculated and is determined.
Further, in step (4), any some groups of variate-values chosen in design space outside EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN scheme enter
Row electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life FEM calculation, and with
The result of calculation of Kriging approximate models is contrasted, if both relative erroies are within 5%, Kriging approximate models symbol
Close and require, otherwise need Kriging approximate models to be built using Latin Hypercube Sampling method resampling.
Further, in step (5), carried out using the non-dominated ranking multi-objective genetic algorithm in business software Isight
Global optimizing obtains Pareto optimal solutions, carries out electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight according to the design variable obtained after optimization
With electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life FEM calculation, will be result of finite element excellent with Kriging approximate models
The object function response value obtained after change is contrasted, if both relative erroies are within 5%, and object function response value meets
Design requirement described in step (1), then using the Pareto optimal solutions as final optimum results, otherwise need to seek again
It is excellent.
The concrete effect of this method is：Electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight can either be mitigated and ensure that its fatigue again
Life-span meets design requirement, and computational efficiency is high, and prioritization scheme is reasonable and easily realizes.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is certain type electric-wheel dump truck frame structure；
Fig. 3 is certain type electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design variable；
Fig. 4 is certain type electric-wheel dump truck frame structural finite element model；
Fig. 5 is vehicle frame weight approximate model with regard to longeron and the diagram of block of tail boom thickness；
Fig. 6 is vehicle frame fatigue life approximate model with regard to longeron and the diagram of block of tail boom thickness；
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in further detail.
Shown below is the example of certain type electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design, but the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope is not limited to following enforcement examples.
Shown in Figure 1, (1) sets up electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design model, and certain type is electronic
Wheel self-discharging vehicle body frame structure for automotive is as shown in Figure 2；Select big to electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life and weight indulging
Cantilever thickness, tail boom thickness, gantry cantilever thickness and Rib Thickness are as design variable, shown in Figure 3, and 1 is longeron, 2 is tail
Beam, 3 be gantry beam and 4 be reinforcement；With electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure
Weight sets up electric-wheel dump truck frame structure Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, i.e., as optimization aim：
min F1(x1,x2,x3,x4)
max F2(x1,x2,x3,x4)
s.t.x1∈X1, x2∈X2, x3∈X3, x4∈X4
F in formula1(x1, x2, x3, x4) and F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) represents electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and electronic
Wheel self-discharging vehicle body frame structure for automotive fatigue life, wherein F1(x1, x2, x3, x4)≤32 ton, F2(x1,x2,x3,x4)≥5.0×107
It is secondary；x1、x2、x3、x4Represent design variable, x1For longeron thickness, x2For tail boom thickness, x3For gantry cantilever thickness, x4It is thick for reinforcement
Degree；X1、X2、X3、X4Respectively x1、x2、x3、x4Design space, wherein X1For (20,40), X2For (30,50)；X3For (20,
35)；X4For (10,20)；
(2) EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN is carried out in design variable space using optimization Latin Hypercube Sampling method, obtains tail boom thick
Degree, longeron thickness, gantry cantilever thickness and totally 30 groups of four design variable sample points of Rib Thickness, each scheme is as shown in table 1：
1 Latin Hypercube Sampling EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN scheme of table
(3) electric-wheel dump truck frame structure parameterization model is set up, each design variable sample is obtained by FEM calculation
Two object functions of the corresponding electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight of this point and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life
Response value, wherein, each unit weight sum in electric-wheel dump truck frame structural finite element model is equal to electric power wheel self-discharging vehicle
Body frame structure for automotive weight；Electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life is folded by the quasistatic in business software Msc.Fatigue
Additional calculation determines.
(4) according to each design variable sample point and object function response value, Kriging approximate models are built, wherein, vehicle frame
Weight approximate model with regard to longeron and tail boom thickness diagram of block as shown in figure 5, vehicle frame fatigue life approximate model with regard to
The diagram of block of longeron and tail boom thickness is as shown in Figure 6；In addition, choosing in design space any outside EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN scheme
Some groups of variate-values carry out electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life finite element
Calculate, and contrasted with the result of calculation of Kriging approximate models, if both relative erroies are within 5%, Kriging
Approximate model meets the requirements, and otherwise needs to build Kriging approximate models using Latin Hypercube Sampling method resampling, certain
Type electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design Kriging approximate model precision test result is as shown in table 2：
2 Kriging approximate model precision analysis results of table
(5) global optimizing acquisition is carried out using the non-dominated ranking multi-objective genetic algorithm in business software Isight
Pareto optimal solutions, carry out electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and Electric Motor Wheel self-unloading according to the design variable obtained after optimization
Vehicle carriage structure fatigue life FEM calculation, the mesh obtained after result of finite element is optimized with Kriging approximate models
Scalar functions response value is contrasted, if both relative erroies are within 5%, and object function response value meets institute in step (1)
The design requirement stated, then using the Pareto optimal solutions as final optimum results, otherwise need optimizing again, optimum results and
Its precision test result is as shown in table 3：
3 Kriging approximate models optimum results of table and precision analysis result
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method, it is characterised in that：
Step one：Set up electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design model；Select to electric power wheel self-discharging vehicle car
The big longeron thickness of frame structure fatigue life and weight, tail boom thickness, gantry cantilever thickness and Rib Thickness are used as design
Variable, using electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life and electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight as optimization aim, builds
Vertical electric-wheel dump truck frame structure Model for Multi-Objective Optimization, i.e.,：
min F1(x1,x2,x3,x4)
max F2(x1,x2,x3,x4)
s.t. x1∈X1, x2∈X2, x3∈X3, x4∈X4
F in formula1(x1, x2, x3, x4) and F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) represents electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and Electric Motor Wheel certainly
Unload body frame structure for automotive fatigue life；x1、x2、x3、x4Represent design variable, x1For longeron thickness, x2For tail boom thickness, x3For gantry
Cantilever thickness, x4For Rib Thickness；X1、X2、X3、X4Respectively x1、x2、x3、x4Design space；
Step 2：EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN is carried out in design variable space using optimization Latin Hypercube Sampling method, longeron is obtained thick
Degree, tail boom thickness, gantry cantilever thickness and four design variable sample points of Rib Thickness；
Step 3：Electric-wheel dump truck frame structure parameterization model is set up, each design variable sample is obtained by FEM calculation
Two object functions of the corresponding electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight of this point and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life
Response value：
Step 4：According to each design variable sample point and object function response value, build Kriging approximate models and carry out precision
Assessment；
Step 5：Global optimizing is carried out using non-dominated ranking multi-objective genetic algorithm, Pareto optimal solutions is calculated and is carried out essence
Degree assessment, determines optimum results.
2. a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method according to claim 1, its feature
In being the step one, electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight F1(x1, x2, x3, x4) needs to meet design requirement F1(x1,
X2, x3, x4)≤m, m is electric-wheel dump truck frame structure design maximum weight；Electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life
F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) needs to meet design requirement F2(x1, x2, x3, x4) >=N, N are that electric-wheel dump truck frame structure is minimum
Design fatigue life.
3. a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method according to claim 1, its feature
In being the step 2, the design variable sample number obtained by optimizing Latin Hypercube Sampling method is 30.
4. a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method according to claim 1, its feature
In being the step 3, each unit weight sum in electric-wheel dump truck frame structural finite element model is equal to Electric Motor Wheel certainly
Unload body frame structure for automotive weight；Electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life is by accurate quiet in business software Msc.Fatigue
The state addition method is calculated and is determined.
5. a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method according to claim 1, its feature
In being the step 4, any some groups of variate-values outside EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN scheme are chosen in design space carries out Electric Motor Wheel certainly
Body frame structure for automotive weight of unloading and electric-wheel dump truck frame structure fatigue life FEM calculation, and with Kriging approximate models
Result of calculation contrasted, if both relative erroies, within 5%, Kriging approximate models meet the requirements, and otherwise need
Kriging approximate models are built using Latin Hypercube Sampling method resampling.
6. a kind of electric-wheel dump truck frame Anti-Fatigue light-weight design method according to claim 1, its feature
In being the step 5, global optimizing is carried out using the non-dominated ranking multi-objective genetic algorithm in business software Isight and obtained
Pareto optimal solutions, according to the design variable obtained after optimization carry out electric-wheel dump truck frame construction weight and Electric Motor Wheel from
Body frame structure for automotive limited fatigue life of unloading is first to be calculated, and obtains after result of finite element is optimized with Kriging approximate models
Object function response value is contrasted, if both relative erroies are within 5%, and object function response value meets claim 2
Described design requirement, then otherwise need again optimizing as final optimum results using the Pareto optimal solutions.
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Application publication date: 20170322 |