CN106526329B - It is a kind of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method and device - Google Patents
It is a kind of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method and device Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of method and devices of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity, for solving since the physical significance of four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method measured resistivity is not identical, the two measurement result can not simple concatenation and cause its can not preferably obtain earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity distribution the technical issues of.The method comprise the steps that S1, the ground resistivity data measured according to use four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method, obtain objective function；S2, objective function is initialized to obtain initialization particle using least square particle swarm algorithm, obtains initial globally optimal solution；S3, particle state update is carried out according to initialization particle, and carries out inverting using least square method, obtain globally optimal solution；S4, judge whether globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, output globally optimal solution, otherwise goes to and execute S3.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical probing technique field more particularly to a kind of measurement earth's surfaces to deep layer ground resistivity
Method and device.
Background technique
Ground resistivity is measured in electric system, basic engineering, construction site addressing, geological exploration, study of groundwater, is adopted
Mine, petroleum, thermal energy and archaeology etc. are widely used.People utilize several meters of ground resistivity Underground of shallow-layer
To the subsurface material and geologic structure of the deep layer of several kms.Ground resistivity can distinguish the type of subsurface material, determine covering
The composition and basement rock depth of layer determine the thickness and depth, detection shear-zone of sand, gravel, metal deposit and water table, really
Steeply inclined contact between fixed different the earth geology, expands and improves drilling program and seismic survey.
Conventional ground resistivity measurement method mainly has four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method (MT method).The signal of four-electrode method is smaller
It is difficult to pass through resistive formation, causes its depth measurement insufficient, hundreds of meters of earth's surface or less of resistivity distribution can only be measured.Magnetotelluric method makes
The measurement of different depth resistivity is realized with the signal of different frequency, maximum frequency can reach thousand hertz, but DC earthing
The equivalence for the ground resistivity that pole is obtained when monopolar ground return is run by direct current, high-frequency signal and low frequency signal measurement
Still have to be discussed.The physical significance of four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method measured resistivity is not identical, and the two measurement result can not letter
Single splicing, and can not preferably obtain earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity and be distributed.Therefore, how reasonably to be obtained in conjunction with two methods
Earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity distribution is obtained to require further study.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides it is a kind of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method and device, solve due to
The physical significance of four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method measured resistivity is not identical, the two measurement result can not simple concatenation and cause
It can not preferably obtain the technical issues of earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity distribution.
A kind of method of the measurement earth's surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention to deep layer ground resistivity, comprising:
S1, the ground resistivity data measured according to use four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method, obtain objective function；
S2, objective function is initialized to obtain initialization particle using least square particle swarm algorithm；
S3, particle state update being carried out according to initialization particle, and carrying out inverting using least square method, acquisition is global most
Excellent solution；
S4, judge whether globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, output globally optimal solution, otherwise goes to execution
S3。
Optionally, step S1 is specifically included:
S11, four that inverting obtains are carried out according to the ground resistivity data measured to use four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Pole method inversion objective function is added obtained as a result, obtaining vector objective function with magnetotelluric method inversion objective function.
Optionally, step S2 is specifically included:
S21, the initialization for being carried out particle position and speed using least square particle swarm algorithm to vector objective function, are obtained
To initialization particle.
Optionally, step S3 is specifically included:
S31, the update that particle rapidity and position are carried out according to initialization particle, and inverting is carried out using least square method,
Obtain the latest position of particle；
S32, according to the latest position of particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal location of more new particle, and obtain the overall situation
Optimal solution.
Optionally, step S4 is specifically included:
S41, judge whether globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so, output global optimum
Otherwise solution goes to and executes S31.
A kind of device of the measurement earth's surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention to deep layer ground resistivity, comprising:
Computing module, for obtaining target according to the ground resistivity data measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Function；
Initialization module obtains initialization grain for being initialized to objective function using least square particle swarm algorithm
Son；
Inverting module for carrying out particle state update according to initialization particle, and carries out inverting using least square method,
Obtain globally optimal solution；
Judgment module, for judging whether globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, output globally optimal solution, no
It then goes to and executes S3.
Optionally, computing module includes:
Computing unit, for carrying out inverting according to the ground resistivity data measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Obtained four-electrode method inversion objective function is added obtained as a result, obtaining vector objective with magnetotelluric method inversion objective function
Function.
Optionally, initialization module includes:
Initialization unit, for carrying out particle position and speed using least square particle swarm algorithm to vector objective function
Initialization, obtain initialization particle.
Optionally, inverting module includes:
Inverting unit for carrying out the update of particle rapidity and position according to initialization particle, and uses least square method
Inverting is carried out, the latest position of particle is obtained；
Updating unit, for according to the latest position of particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal location of more new particle, and
Obtain globally optimal solution.
Optionally, judgment module includes:
Judging unit, for judging whether globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so, output
Otherwise globally optimal solution goes to and executes S31.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and devices of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity, are adopted by basis
The ground resistivity data measured with four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method obtain objective function；Least square is used to objective function
Particle swarm algorithm is initialized to obtain initialization particle；Particle state update is carried out according to initialization particle, and using minimum
Square law carries out inverting, obtains globally optimal solution；Judge whether globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, output is global
Optimal solution forms by effectively combining two methods and more effectively covers the measurement of earth's surface to underground dozens of kilometres depth
Method is solved since the physical significance of four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method measured resistivity is not identical, and the two measurement result is not
Can simple concatenation and cause its can not preferably obtain earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity distribution the technical issues of.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process signal of method of the measurement earth's surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention to deep layer ground resistivity
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of device of the measurement earth's surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention to deep layer ground resistivity
Figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of four-electrode method instrumentation plan provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of magnetotelluric method instrumentation plan provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of algorithm flow schematic diagram of least square particle swarm algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is least square particle swarm algorithm inversion result schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the contrast schematic diagram of four-electrode method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and magnetotelluric method.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides it is a kind of measurement earth's surface arrive deep layer ground resistivity method and device, for solution by
It is not identical in the physical significance of four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method measured resistivity, the two measurement result can not simple concatenation and lead
The technical issues of causing it that can not preferably obtain earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity distribution.
In order to make the invention's purpose, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and easy to understand, below in conjunction with the present invention
Attached drawing in embodiment, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that disclosed below
Embodiment be only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Those of ordinary skill's all other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to protection of the present invention
Range.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of method for measuring earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
S11, four that inverting obtains are carried out according to the ground resistivity data measured to use four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Pole method inversion objective function is added obtained as a result, obtaining vector objective function with magnetotelluric method inversion objective function.
Firstly, measuring shallow-layer ground resistivity using four-electrode method, deep layer ground resistivity is measured using magnetotelluric method.Four
Pole method measuring process is as follows: 1, reconnoitring situation according to scene, determine measuring center point, as shown in Figure 3.2, it keeps in measurement again
Heart point position is constant, and the measurement of equidistant four-electrode method is carried out with North and South direction wiring, and pole span is chosen by the principle of " 1-2-3-5-7 ".
3, it keeps measuring center point position constant, is similarly surveyed with thing, the southeast-northwest, southwest-northeastward wiring respectively
Amount.4, the one-dimensional inversion and 3-d inversion of soil model are carried out with formula one.5, supplement part is judged whether according to inversion result
Measurement, i.e. traverse measurement central point, then additional survey and inverting are carried out by step 2~4.
Wherein, formula one is root-mean-square error formula, specifically:
Wherein, F1For the root-mean-square error of four-electrode method inverting, m1For measurement data number, diFor i-th group of measurement pole span, ρa
And ρMThe respectively forward modeling value and measured value of apparent resistivity.ρaThe soil parameters meter provided by S12 least square particle swarm algorithm
Obtained apparent resistivity.
Magnetotelluric method measuring process is as follows: 1, with the electrode and magnetic pole of measuring center point arrangement magnetotelluric method, such as Fig. 3
It is shown.2, measure and obtain the performance data of the frequency of apparent resistivity.3, measurement data is judged by electric field-magnetic field correlation
Validity, and decide whether to carry out duplicate measurements.4, the one-dimensional inversion of Earth model is carried out with formula two.5, by inversion result and
Measurement data determines depth measurement jointly, judges whether the measurement for repeating step 2-4 by depth measurement.
Wherein, formula two is root-mean-square error formula, specifically:
Wherein, F3For the root-mean-square error of magnetotelluric method inverting, m3For measurement data number, fiFor i-th group of measurement frequency
Rate, ρaAnd ρMThe forward modeling value and measured value of respectively plural apparent resistivity.ρaIt is provided by S12 least square particle swarm algorithm
Soil parameters is calculated.
By the way that the formula one after progress inverting to be added with formula two, vector objective function can be obtained.Specifically by formula
Three can obtain, formula three specifically:
Min F=F1+F3。
Wherein, F is four-electrode method and the vector objective function that magnetotelluric method is used in combination.
Table 1 is please referred to, is soil apparent resistivity measurement data:
1 soil apparent resistivity measurement data of table
| a(m) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 20 |
| ρM(Ω·m) | 74.5 | 84.6 | 78.6 | 66.9 | 50.9 | 55.3 | 54.3 | 56.3 | 61.6 |
S21, the initialization for being carried out particle position and speed using least square particle swarm algorithm to vector objective function, are obtained
To initialization particle.
Method for mixing and optimizing used in the embodiment of the present invention is by taking least square particle swarm algorithm as an example, particle swarm algorithm
(Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO) is dud, it passes through cooperation and letter between individual in population
It is a kind of optimized calculation method based on swarm intelligence to find optimal solution that breath, which is shared,.
The movement of particle is carried out in PSO algorithm with displacement and random search: each particle is to current all particles
Optimal solution g* and itself optimal solution x*iIt is mobile, and random search is made to particle neighbouring position in the process of moving.If one
A particle is found than itself current optimal solution better position, then updates its current optimal solution；If current globally optimal solution is excellent
In passing globally optimal solution, then replace.
If x*iFor the current optimum position of particle i, globally optimal solution g* ≈ min f (xi), i=1,2 ..., np。npFor
Number of particles.
After obtaining vector objective function, need to initialize position and the speed of particle by least square particle swarm algorithm
Degree, and obtain the globally optimal solution g*=min [f (x1) ..., f (xnp)] of starting, t=0.
S31, the update that particle rapidity and position are carried out according to initialization particle, and inverting is carried out using least square method,
Obtain the latest position of particle.
In the initialization for carrying out particle position and speed using least square particle swarm algorithm to vector objective function, obtain
Particle is initialized, and after obtaining initial globally optimal solution.So that t=t+1, and to all npA particle updates new speed
vt i, particle position is then updated, carries out inverting using least square method, acquired results are as latest position.
Table 2 is please referred to, is the inversion result of least square population:
The inversion result of 2 least square population of table
| i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| ρi(Ω·m) | 50.14 | 501.60 | 7.39 | 823.10 | 52.34 |
| hi(m) | 0.68 | 0.41 | 1.20 | 0.85 | ∞ |
S32, according to the latest position of particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal location of more new particle, and obtain the overall situation
Optimal solution.
The update of particle rapidity and position is being carried out according to initialization particle, and is carrying out inverting using least square method, is being obtained
After the latest position for obtaining particle, the objective function of each particle is calculated, the optimal location x* of each particle is updatedi, and obtain
Current globally optimal solution g*.
S41, judge whether globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so, output global optimum
Otherwise solution goes to and executes S31.
According to the latest position of particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal location of more new particle, and obtain it is global most
After excellent solution (i.e. current goal functional value), judge whether globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so,
Globally optimal solution is then exported, otherwise goes to and executes S31.
Referring to Fig. 5, being the algorithm flow schematic diagram of least square particle swarm algorithm.Referring to Fig. 6, being least square grain
Swarm optimization inversion result schematic diagram.
The above are retouch to a kind of the detailed of method of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity provided in an embodiment of the present invention
It states, will be retouched below to a kind of device progress of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity provided in an embodiment of the present invention is detailed
It states.
Computing module 201, for obtaining mesh according to the ground resistivity data measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Scalar functions, computing module are specific further include:
Computing unit 2011, for being carried out according to the ground resistivity data measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
The four-electrode method inversion objective function that inverting obtains is added obtained as a result, obtaining vector with magnetotelluric method inversion objective function
Objective function.
Initialization module 202, it is initial for being initialized to obtain using least square particle swarm algorithm to objective function
Change particle, computing module is specific further include:
Initialization unit 2021, for vector objective function using least square particle swarm algorithm carry out particle position and
The initialization of speed obtains initialization particle.
Inverting module 203, for carrying out particle state update according to initialization particle, and it is anti-using least square method progress
It drills, obtains globally optimal solution, computing module is specific further include:
Inverting unit 2031 for carrying out the update of particle rapidity and position according to initialization particle, and uses minimum two
Multiplication carries out inverting, obtains the latest position of particle；
Updating unit 2032, for according to the latest position of particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal position of more new particle
It sets, and obtains globally optimal solution.
Judgment module 204, for judging whether globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, output globally optimal solution,
Otherwise it goes to and executes S3, computing module is specific further include:
Judging unit 2041, for judging whether globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so,
Globally optimal solution is exported, otherwise goes to and executes S31.
Referring to Fig. 7, being the contrast schematic diagram of four-electrode method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and magnetotelluric method.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and devices of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity, are adopted by basis
The ground resistivity data measured with four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method obtain objective function；Least square is used to objective function
Particle swarm algorithm is initialized to obtain initialization particle；Particle state update is carried out according to initialization particle, and using minimum
Square law carries out inverting, obtains globally optimal solution；Judge whether globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, output is global
Optimal solution forms by effectively combining two methods and more effectively covers the measurement of earth's surface to underground dozens of kilometres depth
Method is solved since the physical significance of four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method measured resistivity is not identical, and the two measurement result is not
Can simple concatenation and cause its can not preferably obtain earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity distribution the technical issues of.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the system of foregoing description,
The specific work process of device and unit, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the unit
It divides, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components
It can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, it is shown or
The mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some interfaces, the indirect coupling of device or unit
It closes or communicates to connect, can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
If the integrated unit is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and sells or use as independent product
When, it can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, technical solution of the present invention is substantially
The all or part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in the form of software products in other words
It embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
Equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes the complete of each embodiment the method for the present invention
Portion or part steps.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only
Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic or disk etc. are various can store journey
The medium of sequence code.
The above, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although referring to before
Stating embodiment, invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to preceding
Technical solution documented by each embodiment is stated to modify or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these
It modifies or replaces, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method characterized by comprising
S1, the ground resistivity data measured according to use four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method, obtain objective function；
S2, the objective function is initialized to obtain initialization particle using least square particle swarm algorithm；
S3, particle state update is carried out according to the initialization particle, and carry out inverting using least square method, obtain the overall situation most
Excellent solution；
S4, judge whether the globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, exporting the globally optimal solution, otherwise go to
Execute S3；
Step S1 is specifically included:
S11, the four-electrode method that inverting obtains is carried out according to the ground resistivity data measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Inversion objective function is added obtained as a result, obtaining vector objective function with magnetotelluric method inversion objective function.
2. it is according to claim 1 measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method, which is characterized in that step S2 is specific
Include:
S21, the initialization for being carried out particle position and speed using least square particle swarm algorithm to the vector objective function, are obtained
To initialization particle.
3. it is according to claim 2 measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method, which is characterized in that step S3 is specific
Include:
S31, the update that particle rapidity and position are carried out according to the initialization particle, and inverting is carried out using least square method,
Obtain the latest position of particle；
S32, according to the latest position of the particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal location of more new particle, and obtain the overall situation
Optimal solution.
4. it is according to claim 3 measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity method, which is characterized in that step S4 is specific
Include:
S41, judge whether the globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so, exporting the overall situation
Otherwise optimal solution goes to and executes S31.
5. it is a kind of measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity device characterized by comprising
Computing module, for obtaining objective function according to the ground resistivity data measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method；
Initialization module obtains initialization grain for being initialized to the objective function using least square particle swarm algorithm
Son；
Inverting module for carrying out particle state update according to the initialization particle, and carries out inverting using least square method,
Obtain globally optimal solution；
Judgment module, for judging whether the globally optimal solution reaches prerequisite, if so, exporting the global optimum
Solution, otherwise jumps to the inverting module；
The computing module includes:
Computing unit, for being obtained according to the ground resistivity data progress inverting measured using four-electrode method and magnetotelluric method
Four-electrode method inversion objective function be added with magnetotelluric method inversion objective function it is obtained as a result, obtain vector objective letter
Number.
6. it is according to claim 5 measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity device, which is characterized in that the initialization
Module includes:
Initialization unit, for carrying out particle position and speed using least square particle swarm algorithm to the vector objective function
Initialization, obtain initialization particle.
7. it is according to claim 6 measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity device, which is characterized in that the inverting mould
Block includes:
Inverting unit for carrying out the update of particle rapidity and position according to the initialization particle, and uses least square method
Inverting is carried out, the latest position of particle is obtained；
Updating unit, for according to the latest position of the particle and the objective function of particle, the optimal location of more new particle, and
Obtain globally optimal solution.
8. it is according to claim 7 measurement earth's surface to deep layer ground resistivity device, which is characterized in that the judgement mould
Block includes:
Judging unit, for judging whether the globally optimal solution no longer reduces or exceed preset the number of iterations, if so, output
Otherwise the globally optimal solution jumps to the inverting unit.
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