CN106506605A - A kind of SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework - Google Patents

A kind of SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework Download PDF

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CN106506605A
CN106506605A CN201610900219.6A CN201610900219A CN106506605A CN 106506605 A CN106506605 A CN 106506605A CN 201610900219 A CN201610900219 A CN 201610900219A CN 106506605 A CN106506605 A CN 106506605A
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micro services
metadata
real
framework
attribute
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CN106506605B (en
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刘发贵
李苏璇
吴启亮
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1001Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
    • H04L67/1004Server selection for load balancing

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework, and for shortcoming present in a lot of construction methods based on traditional SOA framework at present, the method includes:The design principle and attribute model of exploitation micro services has been formulated, and the deployment of micro services example has been realized by Docker containers;Distributed micro services metadata cluster is built, the metadata of micro services, micro services supplier and micro services user has been managed collectively;Status data and relatively-stationary attribute data for real-time update has separately designed the storage scheme of High Availabitity;For the read-write demand of the real-time high concurrent of metadata, the scheme of a set of combination Redis principals and subordinates server model and read and write abruption framework is devised;For the situation of micro services example dynamic additions and deletions, the load balancing based on consistent hashing algorithm is devised.The present invention solves exploitation, deployment and the Managed Solution of micro services, improves the efficiency of exploitation SaaS applications.

Description

A kind of SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework
Technical field
The invention belongs to SaaS application and developments field, and in particular to a kind of SaaS application build sides based on micro services framework Method.
Background technology
Cloud computing technology has powerful computing capability, efficient IT resource integration capabilitys, software Internet era bringing Exploitation and occupation mode on change.SaaS application and developments pattern is produced exactly under the background of cloud computing technology broad development A kind of brand-new pattern that software service is provided by the Internet, user can be according to the actual demand of itself using renting Mode is neatly using software.
With the development of SaaS application models, the demand of the growing change of people causes Software functional requirements frequently to become Change so that the payment of software and iteration cycle are gradually shortened, when traditional long period development mode can not meet the Internet The software development demand in generation.And the micro services architecture mode occurred as Docker container techniques develop then can be answered well To the problem that frequently pays.
Micro services framework is advocated and for application program to be divided into multiple independent little services, and the only of oneself is absorbed in each service Vertical function, and operate in each independent process.Have between service and service and compare clear and definite boundary, pass through from each other Some communication mechanisms for comparing lightweight are linked up.
The concept of micro services and SOA have similarity, all advocate complicated application program according to different, reusable Function is divided into different services, but the service granularity of micro services is thinner, is deployed in independent process and runs, and passes through light weight Level mechanism is communicated, and is more suitable for current demand and is become the frequent, internet, applications that iteration speed is fast, delivery cycle is short.Cause This design principle of crucial micro services, attribute model and the dispositions method that constitute micro services framework are carried out studying extremely important, The principle for following is needed during needing clear and definite design and development micro services, is opened in the case where these principles are met as far as possible Send out deployment and can preferably give play to the advantage brought by the framework.
When developer is applied with micro services framework exploitation SaaS under cloud environment, it may appear that micro services quantity drastically increases Plus, real-time status dynamic updates and situations such as node dynamic additions and deletions, it would be desirable to a kind of can be effectively for micro services feature Managed Solution, develops the efficiency of SaaS applications to improve developer using micro services framework.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to develop micro services according to micro services design principle and attribute model, and makes Multiple micro services examples are disposed with Docker containers;By the metadata real-time update of micro services example to distributed meta data collection Group;Load balancing service, the change that example allocation situation is calculated by consistent hashing algorithm is triggered while metadata updates Change, and notify the caller of example;SaaS application developers choose optimum micro services example by load balancing service, and Micro services example is called by REST interfaces.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of High Availabitity management method for micro services framework, its, Including:
(1)The attribute model design of micro services:Set according to micro services such as simple function, independent deployment, stateless, lightweight communications Meter principle, has formulated and can be used to the attribute for describing micro services, including title, position, version, real-time status, authentication letter The attributes such as breath, support concurrency, supplier's information;
(2)Micro services are disposed:Executable JAR bags are generated by Spring Boot frameworks, using virtual based on linux container The Docker containers of change technology run micro services example to dispose;
(3)Micro services metadata updates:The status data of real-time update is updated in Redis memory databases, will be consolidated relatively Fixed attribute data is updated in MySQL relevant databases, by realizing dissimilar first number using different storage schemes According to more New function;
(4)Micro services example allocation:One micro services can have an example of multiple operations, and these micro services examples can be with Dynamically increased and deleted, these examples are allocated by load balancing service, example is uniformly distributed to reach Give different callers.
(5)Micro services are called:SaaS application developers, can be with after the example for getting optimum by load balancing service Micro services are called by REST interfaces, are realized efficiently developing SaaS applications by combining different optimum micro services.
Compared with prior art, the SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework of the present invention, reached as Lower effect:
(1)The Spring Boot frameworks that the present invention is adopted generate the deployment side that executable JAR bags are combined with Docker containers Method, effectively achieves the independent deployment of micro services example.
(2)What the present invention was realized is managed collectively as core with magnanimity micro services metadata, including the micro services unit of High Availabitity A series of schemes such as the load balancing of data storage, the read and write abruption for supporting real-time update and support dynamic change, effectively solve The micro services type and quantity that the developer that determined is run into when micro services framework exploitation SaaS is applied used in cloud environment drastically increase Many problems.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that micro services metadata is managed collectively scheme framework logical schematic.
Metadata storage scheme configuration diagrams of the Fig. 2 for High Availabitity.
Fig. 3 is the load balancing scheme flow chart for supporting dynamic change.
Specific embodiment
The enforcement of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, but the enforcement of the present invention and protection are not limited In this.
Micro services design principle is formulated with attribute model
Micro services framework has a lot of phases as between a kind of software development model, with traditional SOA Enterprise SOAs The reason for putting together and difference, and cause difference between them it is critical only that the difference of the object studied by they.So Carry out studying extremely important to constituting the design principle of crucial micro services of micro services framework, attribute model, need clearly to design With the principle for needing to follow during exploitation micro services, developing deployment in the case where these principles are met as far as possible can be more Advantage that the framework brought has been given play to well.
The micro services design principle that this example is formulated is as follows:
(1)Simple function principle:The service logic of the be responsible for process of single micro services is absorbed in a certain specific function, and should Function has a good external interface of design, the boundary between these interface clear stipulaties function, it is stipulated that the change of which factor Changing can just cause the variation of this function.
(2)Independent Arranging principles:Each micro services is defined in exploitation, test, structure from the angle of physical attribute and is disposed Whole flow process be all to carry out in physically independent environment, when single micro services are modified, upgrade, are redeployed Operation is not all affected on the operation of other micro services.
(3)Stateless principle:Micro services need not record related to extraneous user when receiving and processing extraneous request The communication information, so certain micro services example break down or dynamically extension, reduction when, can be as nimble as a squirrel Add or reduce stateless example in ground.
(4)Lightweight communication principle:Interacted with development language and the incoherent mechanism of development platform using some.Often Lightweight communications protocol has XML and JSON, and these agreements possess the ability to express to complex information, can realize cross-platform Information transfer.
According to above design principle, we have formulated the attribute model that micro services need to have, including:Name attribute, position Put attribute, version property, real-time status attribute, Authentication Property, support capacity attribute, server's supplier's attribute.
Micro services metadata is managed collectively scheme
As shown in figure 1, the micro services example state illustrated for magnanimity, dynamic, real-time update carries out uniformly High Availabitity, height Performance management, its key features are as follows:
(1)Multiple micro services examples are independently disposed, and the state metadata and attribute metadata of magnanimity need real-time update to first number According to cluster;
(2)Micro services example can dynamically be extended or be reduced, and the additions and deletions change real-time update of example is to metadata set Group;
(3)Load balancing service is disposed in the form of cluster and is provided service, by reading the metadata cluster of High Availabitity Obtain positional information and the status information of micro services example;
(4)When example caller subscribes to micro services first, load balancing service is accessed, status information in conjunction with micro services and default Load balancing carry out the optimization selection of micro services example, and it is local that selection situation recorded caller.
(5)The relation of load balancing service record caller and use micro services example, if example is dynamic increase and decrease and if Shi Tongzhi callers.
(6)The REST interfaces that final example caller is provided by example using by way of being directly connected to specific in incognito Business instance communications.
The metadata storage scheme of High Availabitity
The characteristics of first against the status data of real-time update, this kind of data is that each data volume for updating is little, and need not Very big memory space processing the data of single renewal, but its frequency for updating is very fast and the overall number of times that updates compared with Many, so needing memory mechanism a kind of by a relatively simple and that higher digital independent performance can be provided, select in Redis Deposit data storage scheme.
The rich data types provided using Redis are stored in order to classify come the data structure of design point data and fast Speed retrieval.The form of the such as key of the status attribute of micro services example could be arranged to character string " microservice: instance:state:InstanceId ", the real-time positional information of micro services example then could be arranged to character string “service_id:instance_id:url”.This pattern for organizing bonding by multiple fields and mark space possesses well Structural, very convenient system user is classified to data in Redis and is searched.
AOF using Redis(Append Only File)Mode carrying out the persistence of data, to avoid due to internal memory Volatibility and cause the loss of data.Function using Redis synchronization replication is standby come the disaster tolerance of realizing many Redis servers Part.Redis provides simple SLAVEOF orders and slaveof configuration attributes allow this example to service a Redis Device be set to another Redis server from server, so can be with synchronized update in time to the operation of master server To from server.
For the read-write demand of high concurrent, using multiple servers data storage, it is divided into master server and from server, clothes Realize by synchronization mechanism before business device and server that the copy of data, wherein master server are mainly responsible for externally providing logarithm According to increase, deletion, modification etc. may data be brought with the operation of change, and one or more be then responsible for externally carrying from server For the operation that the inquiry of data is read.
Secondly fixed, structurized data are comparatively compared for some, it is possible to use the form of row and column field, and And be easy to inquire about, compare the suitable data mode using bivariate table to describe, store and process, so using traditional relationship type Data base MySQL is storing.Fig. 2 illustrates the overall architecture of metadata storage scheme.
Support the load balancing scheme of dynamic change
The stateless principle of micro services allows single micro services freely to expand multiple instantiations for running, each Example is independently disposed, and the operation inside example is independent of each other.Facing the same luck of this example for having multiple isomorphisms Capable situation, needs are a kind of can be distributed to the load balancing scheme processed by different instances by the request of multiple callers.
This example solves the situation of example dynamic additions and deletions using the real time load situation that consistent hashing algorithm combines example. Fig. 3 show load balancing scheme flow chart, and wherein step is as follows:
(1)The monitoring of itself real time load state carried out by micro services example first, the process time that for example calls every time, in real time The information such as concurrent invocation quantity.
(2)Micro services example is regularly by oneself state information updating to metadata cluster, such as real time load state and reality Example increases or actively deletion etc..In addition whether metadata cluster is collapsed come detection example by certain heartbeat mechanism.
(3)Load balancing service timing detects whether each micro services example state change is that example increases or deletes, such as Fruit is then request to be redistributed using concordance hash algorithm, and notify related affected caller.
(4)Increase if not example or delete, simply report instance operation load condition, then timing judgement is each in incognito Whether the load condition of pragmatic example reaches default load threshold, does not do the adjustment that asks if not having.
(5)If the load for detecting certain micro services example exceedes its default load threshold, by the portion of the example Request is divided to be uniformly distributed to other examples not less than load threshold.
(6)Result after finally according to load balancing notifies affected caller, caller then to change its local cache Micro services address information.
In the micro services Governance framework data model that builds, each micro services example has a load_threshold The real time load rate of the load threshold and load_factor attribute representative examples of the attribute representative example, load threshold are represented A kind of early warning information, when real time load situation exceedes the threshold values if easily there is example and delay the situation of machine.
Delay the frequency of machine to reduce example, this example realizes a kind of " virtuality delay machine " by load_threshold attributes Strategy, i.e., when real time load situation exceed load threshold when, in advance trigger load balancing service, with realize in real machine of delaying The component requests on the load surcharge example are assigned to other examples just before generation, and pass through real-time informing component in time The situation that example allocation changes is notified caller.Such preventative strategies can reduce real example and delay the frequency of machine, from And improve the overall availability of system.
The micro services quantity that the present invention occurs when applying for application micro services framework exploitation SaaS is sharply increased, real-time shape Situations such as state dynamic change and node dynamic additions and deletions, devise the micro services metadata management scheme of a set of High Availabitity, and difference Devise metadata storage scheme, state update scheme and the load balancing scheme managed for micro services.So that developer exists Micro services can be carried out preferably managing and dispatching when applying using micro services exploitation SaaS, improve development efficiency.
It can be seen that, the Spring Boot frameworks that the present invention is adopted generate the portion that executable JAR bags are combined with Docker containers Arranging method, effectively achieves the independent deployment of micro services example.What the present invention was realized is managed collectively with magnanimity micro services metadata For core, micro services metadata storage including High Availabitity, support the read and write abruption of real-time update and support the negative of dynamic change A series of schemes such as equilibrium are carried, developer is efficiently solved and is met when micro services framework exploitation SaaS is applied used in cloud environment To the problem that drastically increases of micro services type and quantity.
Described above illustrates and describes some preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as previously mentioned, it should be understood that the present invention Be not limited to form disclosed herein, be not to be taken as the exclusion to other embodiment, and can be used for various other combinations, Modification and environment, and can be in invention contemplated scope described herein, by above-mentioned teaching or the technology or knowledge of association area It is modified.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework, it is characterised in that include:
SaaS application developers are according to micro services design principle and attribute model exploitation micro services, and disposed using Docker containers Multiple micro services examples;Then by the metadata real-time update of micro services example to distributed meta data cluster;Metadata updates While trigger load balancing service, the change that example allocation situation is calculated by consistent hashing algorithm, and notify reality The caller of example;SaaS application developers choose optimum micro services example by load balancing service, and pass through REST interfaces Micro services example is called.
2. SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically include Following steps:
(1)Micro services attribute model is designed:Micro services according to simple function, independent deployment, stateless, lightweight communication are designed Principle, formulates the attribute for being used for describing micro services;
(2)Micro services are independently disposed:Executable JAR bags are generated by Spring Boot frameworks, using based on linux container The Docker containers of Intel Virtualization Technology run micro services example to dispose;
(3)Micro services metadata real-time update:The status data of real-time update is updated in Redis memory databases, by phase Fixed attribute data is updated in MySQL relevant databases, dissimilar by being realized using different storage schemes The more New function of metadata, and read and write abruption is realized with reference to Redis principal and subordinate's server models;
(4)Micro services example load is balanced:Single micro services can have the example of multiple operations, and these examples can enter action State ground increases and deletes, and the request for accessing uniformly is divided with reference to example real time load state by concordance hash algorithm Match somebody with somebody.
3. SaaS application construction methods based on micro services framework according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(1)Institute Stating attribute includes title, position, version, real-time status, authentication information, support concurrency and supplier's information.
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