CN106503337A - A kind of construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under space-time conflict - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method of space-time conflict, comprises the following steps：1）Selected loss in efficiency analyzes object, according to Construction Arrangement and the terrain environment structure virtual scene at scene；2）Working attributes according to entity object define its hierarchical space, including physical space, safe space and efficiency space, and set up spatial surrounding box to the space layer that is studied, and 3）Entity of constructing is realized driving with dynamics simulation technology, construction simulation process simultaneously carries out collision detection to efficiency sheaf space, 4）The space-time form of conflict bubble after conflict occurs, is obtained, its border is defined, and is calculated conflict foam product, 5）Construction machinery loss in efficiency degree is judged eventually through the volume size of conflict bubble.Using said method, by defining space, calculating conflict foam product, construction machinery loss in efficiency is quantified, the work efficiency of construction machinery so as to preferably be optimized to arrangement and method for construction, is improved.

Description

A kind of construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under space-time conflict

Technical field

The present invention relates to mechanical conflicts field in Building Construction, it is adaptable to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, lifting operation And the loss in efficiency for quantifying to construct in entity conflicts in architectural engineering.

Background technology

In recent years, as the complexity of the continuous development of Building Trade in China, the difficulty of engineering project and construction has significantly Degree is improved, and is to ensure that engineering was completed within the regulation duration, just proposes higher wanting to the fluency of Construction Process of Engineering Project Ask.In construction activities, as the interference of various factors can cause efficiency of construction to reduce, for guaranteeing that each construction machinery normally can be transported OK, need to quantify the loss in efficiency that each interference factor causes, refer to so that new reference is provided for the adjustment of arrangement and method for construction Mark.Therefore, precise quantification construction machinery loss in efficiency is the key for improving site operation efficiency.

The factor of efficiency of construction is affected to have a lot, such as peopleware, construction technology, the space-time conflict for inter-entity of constructing etc. all What meeting was different degrees of has influence on efficiency of construction, and the construction machinery loss in efficiency that space-time conflict causes is especially prominent.Existing in construction In the narrow space in field, each technique activity and its entity press flow process and the activity of respective run time axle that arrangement and method for construction is arranged, When parallel construction activities are when needing to take same construction space the same time, space-time conflict, this space-time conflict can be caused Presence will affect construction safety and efficiency.The loss in efficiency studied by the present invention is just for due to inter-entity in construction system Space-time conflict and the loss in efficiency that causes.

At present, carry out in terms of scholars are for the identification of loss in efficiency influence factor and the quantitative Analysis of loss in efficiency amount Correlational study, by present Research analysis is found more than the quantitative study that efficiency of construction is lost in construction activities due to applying The loss in efficiency that the factors such as work peopleware, construction technology, construction machinery configuration, construction environment are caused, and to real due to constructing Between body, the calculating of the loss in efficiency that space-time conflict brings is there is not yet correlational study achievement.Therefore, with 3-D Visualization Simulation skill Art is simulated to the activity of construction machinery, by defining the efficiency space of construction machinery, is obtained the space-time form that steeps that conflicts, is entered And the volume for calculating conflict bubble carrys out quantitative efficiency loss.

Content of the invention

For the deficiency of the construction machinery loss in efficiency research under the existing conflict to space-time, the present invention proposes a kind of effect The higher construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method of directly perceived, precision.

The present invention principle be：Construction machinery and environment dummy model is set up, construction machinery efficiency space is defined, according to reality The different spaces feature of body sets up respective efficiency spatial surrounding box, with various work of the dynamics simulation technology to construction machinery Dynamic be simulated, when the efficiency space of two entities clashes, we are defined as conflict bubble its conflict range, conflict bubble with The motor process of entity and " generation ", " transition " and " disappearance ", the evolution mechanism of analysis conflict bubble obtain conflicting the Space Time shape of bubble State, determines the loss in efficiency of construction machinery eventually through the volume of conflict bubble is calculated.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes technical scheme below：A kind of construction machinery under space-time conflict Loss in efficiency quantization method, comprises the following steps：

Step 1, determines object of study, constructs a subsystem, sets up three-dimensional artificial with solidworks to entity Model, and construction entity and scene are rendered with 3DS Max, increase its feeling of immersion；

Step 2, determines all kinds of space attributes of entity in subsystem, defines entity layering space, using in the face of object Method is divided into physical space, safe space and efficiency space to the space type of spatial analysis object, and according to similar engineering Or measured data analyzes mechanicses, safety range, working range and reference standard of site operation entity etc., so that it is determined that effect Rate space, the inner and outer boundary of safe space；

Step 3, sets up spatial surrounding box according to entity layering space characteristics；

Step 4, based on VC++ editing platforms, sets up construction entity dynamic simulation system by Vaga softwares, realizes empty Intend the driving of scene, construction simulation activity；

Step 5, after there is space-time conflict, by analyzing the evolution mechanism of conflict bubble, defines conflict range, determines conflict bubble Space-time form；

Step 6, calculates conflict foam product, and quantitative efficiency is lost.

The step 1 includes step in detail below：

Step 1-1, according to the flow process that arrangement and method for construction is arranged, the inter-entity in engineering construction system there may be people's unit The incidence relations such as the construction logic of conjunction, machinery support, works and certain machinery, the entity being associated in system are most possibly sent out Raw time control conflict, the entity object for selecting the degree of association higher carry out efficiency analysiss；

Step 1-2, sets up dummy model with solidworks to selected construction machinery or structure, exports as * .STL Polygon model file；

Step 1-3, in 3DS Max imports * .STL files, ressembles model, be optimized process to model.

The step 2 includes step in detail below：

The entity at engineering construction scene is divided into active entities and passive entity according to its behavior characteristics, actively by step 2-1 Entity can autonomic activitieses, with physical space attribute, safe space attribute, efficiency space attribute, passive entity without construction action, Therefore do not possess efficiency space attribute；

Step 2-2, according to the space attribute of entity by the outer space of active entities be divided into physical space, safe space, The outer space of passive entity is divided into physical space, safe space by efficiency space.

The spatial surrounding box that sets up in the step 3 for axial bounding box (Axis-Aligned Bounding Box, AABB), defining AABB only needs six scalars, the i.e. maximum of the x, y, z coordinate on the summit of composition object primitive geometric element And minima.

The step 4 includes step in detail below：

Step 4-1, the Lynx scene sets provided by Vega softwares, working environment including construction machinery and from Right environment；

Step 4-2, realizes the control to construction machinery, the construction activities of analog mechanical.

The step 5 includes step in detail below：

Step 5-1, flow process and the activity of respective run time axle that the entity in construction system is arranged according to arrangement and method for construction；

Step 5-2, is scanned to the spatio-temporal state activity of each entity, is carried out with the collision detection algorithm of AABB bounding boxs Inter-entity collision detection is calculated；

Step 5-3, conflict are steeped from the up-and-down boundary that formation conflict is steeped over time and space that disappears is produced to, by liquidating The scanning on prominent bubble border, obtains the space-time form that steeps that conflicts.

The step 6 includes step in detail below：

Step 6-1, when the loss in efficiency in different motion path is quantified, takes path conflict foam product maximum (V_max) The loss in efficiency degree to represent construction machinery on this paths at moment, if the space geometric from ∑ of the bubble that conflicts on certain path:z =f (x, y), wherein (x, y) ∈ Q, then the volume of the space geometric from be：

V_maxMaximum for certain moment efficiency foam product in the path；

Step 6-2, the expression formula of loss in efficiency is：

Δη_iFor construction machinery loss in efficiency；α is correction factor；Δη_iFor construction machinery loss in efficiency；α is correction factor； When there is no space-time conflict, Δ η_iFor 0；When this happens during empty conflict, Δ η_iFor α V_max.

The method have the advantages that：

(1) efficiency loss problem caused for space-time conflict, is carried out from the angle in space to construction machinery loss in efficiency Quantify, can intuitively obtain loss in efficiency degree.

(2) data are directly perceived, applied widely, are that construction machinery arrangement and path planning establish a new reference and refer to Mark.

Description of the drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is construction machinery loss in efficiency calculation flow chart.

Fig. 2 is entity layering spatial logic figure.

Fig. 3 is inter-entity space-time conflict model.

Fig. 4 is that cage is layered space schematic diagram.

Wherein, 1 for conflict bubble, 2 be tower crane agent structure, 3 for pour storehouse, 4 be template safe space, 5 for pouring storehouse mould Plate, 6 be cage physical space, 7 be cage safe space, 8 be cage efficiency space, 9 for pour storehouse template safe space encirclement Box.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described further.

Such as Fig. 1-4, the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method based under Steric clashes of the present invention, which specifically flows Journey analyzes object as shown in figure 1, selecting loss in efficiency first, according to the Construction Arrangement and terrain environment structure virtual field at scene Scape；Then, its hierarchical space is defined according to the working attributes of entity object, including physical space, safe space and efficiency space, And spatial surrounding box is set up to the space layer that is studied, and entity of constructing to be realized driving with dynamics simulation technology, simulation is applied Work process simultaneously carries out collision detection to efficiency sheaf space.The space-time form of conflict bubble after conflict occurs, is obtained, its border is defined, And calculate conflict foam product；Construction machinery loss in efficiency degree is judged eventually through the volume size of conflict bubble.

Embodiment 1：

In this example, based on comprising the following steps that for the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under Steric clashes：

Step 1：Determine object of study, construct a subsystem, three-dimensional artificial is set up to entity with solidworks Model, and construction entity and scene are rendered with 3DS Max, increase its feeling of immersion.

In this example, this step can be specially：

1-1, according to the flow process that arrangement and method for construction is arranged, the inter-entity in engineering construction system there may be man-machine complex, machine The incidence relations such as tool is supporting, the construction logic of works and certain machinery, when the entity being associated in system is most likely to occur Control conflict, the entity object for selecting the degree of association higher carry out efficiency analysiss.In this example, certain induced joint lift surface tower crane is selected to hang Tank and template 5 are used as construction machinery loss in efficiency object of study；

1-2, sets up dummy model with solidworks to pouring storehouse 3, template 5, derrick crane 2 and cage, derives For * .STL polygon model files；

1-3, in 3DS Max imports * .STL files, ressembles model, be optimized process to model, increases which and sinks Leaching sense.

Step 2：Determine all kinds of space attributes of entity in construction system, define entity layering space, using in the face of object Method be divided into physical space, safe space, efficiency space to the space type of spatial analysis object, as shown in Fig. 2 and according to According to the mechanicses of similar engineering or measured data analysis site operation entity, safety range, working range, reference standard etc., So that it is determined that efficiency space, the inner and outer boundary of safe space；

In this example, this step can be specially：

The entity at engineering construction scene is divided into active entities and passive entity, active entities according to its behavior characteristics by 2-1 Can autonomic activitieses, with physical space attribute, safe space attribute, efficiency space attribute, passive entity without construction action, therefore Do not possess efficiency space attribute；In above-mentioned object, tower crane 2 is active entities, and template 5 is passive entity.

The outer space of tower crane cage is divided into physical space 6, safety by 2-2, the space attribute according to entity from inside to outside The outer space of template is divided into physical space 5, safe space 4 by space 7, efficiency space 8, it is then supposed that the efficiency of cage is empty Between 7 produce i.e. luminous efficiency when intersect with the safe space 4 of template and lose.

Step 3：Spatial surrounding box is set up according to entity layering space characteristics；

The spatial surrounding box that sets up in this example is axial bounding box (Axis-Aligned Bounding Box, AABB), fixed Adopted AABB only needs six scalars, the i.e. maximum of the x, y, z coordinate on the summit of composition object primitive geometric element and minima, Storehouse face die plate population structure can be regarded as and is made up of upstream and downstream dam facing and the part of the left and right sides four, define its safe space, respectively AABB bounding boxs are set up to four parts, the safe space bounding box of upstream dam facing, downstream dam facing, left and right sides template is distinguished For：P₁、P₂、P₃、P₄,

P_i=(x, y, x) | x_min≤x≤x_max,y_min≤y≤y_max,z_min≤z≤z_max, (i=1,2,3,4).

The safe space bounding box 9 for then entirely pouring storehouse template is represented by D=P₁∩P₂∩P₃∩P₄, as shown in Figure 3.

Step 4：VC++ editing platforms are based on, construction entity dynamic simulation system is set up by Vaga softwares, realized empty Intend the driving of scene, construction simulation activity；

In this example, this step can be specially：

4-1, the Lynx scene sets provided by Vega softwares, the working environment and natural ring including construction machinery Border；

4-2, realizes control to derrick crane 2, simulation 2 vertical transport cage of tower crane put in storage wait movable；

Step 5：After the conflict of generation space-time, by analyzing the evolution mechanism of conflict bubble 1, conflict range is defined, determine conflict The space-time form of bubble 1；

In this example, this step can be specially：

5-1, flow process and the activity of respective run time axle that the entity in construction system is arranged according to arrangement and method for construction；

5-2, is scanned to the spatio-temporal state activity of each entity, carries out entity with the collision detection algorithm of AABB bounding boxs Between collision detection calculate；

5-3, conflict steep 1 from the up-and-down boundary that conflict steeps 1 that formed over time and space that disappears is produced to, by conflict The scanning on 1 border is steeped, space-time form, the spatial parameter for steeping 1 that conflict is obtained；

Step 6：Conflict 1 volume of bubble is calculated, quantitative efficiency is lost；

In this example, this step can be specially：

Step 6-1, when the loss in efficiency in different motion path is quantified, takes path conflict foam product maximum (V_max) The loss in efficiency degree to represent construction machinery on this paths at moment, if the space geometric from Σ of the bubble that conflicts on certain path:z =f (x, y), wherein (x, y) ∈ Q, then the volume of the space geometric from be：

V_maxMaximum for certain moment efficiency foam product in the path；

Step 6-2, the expression formula of loss in efficiency is：

Δη_iFor construction machinery loss in efficiency；α is correction factor；When there is no space-time conflict, Δ η_iFor 0；When this happens During empty conflict, Δ η_iFor α V_max.

By above-mentioned description, those skilled in the art completely can be in the model without departing from this invention technological thought In enclosing, carry out various change and change all within protection scope of the present invention.The unaccomplished matter of the present invention, belongs to ability The common knowledge of field technique personnel.

Claims (7)

1. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

Step 1, determines object of study, constructs a subsystem, sets up three-dimensional simulation model with solidworks to entity, And construction entity and scene are rendered with 3DS Max, increase its feeling of immersion；

Step 2, determines all kinds of space attributes of entity in subsystem, defines entity layering space, using the method in the face of object Physical space, safe space and efficiency space is divided into the space type of spatial analysis object, and according to similar engineering or reality Mechanicses, safety range, working range and reference standard of data analysiss site operation entity etc. is surveyed, so that it is determined that efficiency is empty Between, the inner and outer boundary of safe space；

Step 3, sets up spatial surrounding box according to entity layering space characteristics；

Step 4, based on VC++ editing platforms, sets up construction entity dynamic simulation system by Vaga softwares, realizes virtual field The driving of scape, construction simulation activity；

Step 5, after there is space-time conflict, by analyzing the evolution mechanism of conflict bubble, defines conflict range, determine conflict bubble when Empty form；

Step 6, calculates conflict foam product, and quantitative efficiency is lost.

2. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 1 includes step in detail below：

Step 1-1, according to the flow process that arrangement and method for construction is arranged, the inter-entity in engineering construction system there may be man-machine complex, machine The incidence relations such as tool is supporting, the construction logic of works and certain machinery, when the entity being associated in system is most likely to occur Control conflict, the entity object for selecting the degree of association higher carry out efficiency analysiss；

Step 1-2, sets up dummy model with solidworks to selected construction machinery or structure, exports as * .STL polygon Shape model file；

Step 1-3, in 3DS Max imports * .STL files, ressembles model, be optimized process to model.

3. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 2 includes step in detail below：

The entity at engineering construction scene is divided into active entities and passive entity, active entities according to its behavior characteristics by step 2-1 Can autonomic activitieses, with physical space attribute, safe space attribute, efficiency space attribute, passive entity without construction action, therefore Do not possess efficiency space attribute；

The outer space of active entities is divided into physical space, safe space, efficiency by step 2-2, the space attribute according to entity The outer space of passive entity is divided into physical space, safe space by space.

4. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The spatial surrounding box that sets up in step 3 is axial bounding box (Axis-Aligned Bounding Box, AABB), defines AABB Six scalars, the i.e. maximum of the x, y, z coordinate on the summit of composition object primitive geometric element and minima are only needed.

5. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 4 includes step in detail below：

Step 4-1, the Lynx scene sets provided by Vega softwares, the working environment and natural ring including construction machinery Border；

Step 4-2, realizes the control to construction machinery, the construction activities of analog mechanical.

6. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 5 includes step in detail below：

Step 5-1, flow process and the activity of respective run time axle that the entity in construction system is arranged according to arrangement and method for construction；

Step 5-2, is scanned to the spatio-temporal state activity of each entity, carries out entity with the collision detection algorithm of AABB bounding boxs Between collision detection calculate；

Step 5-3, conflict are steeped from the up-and-down boundary that conflict is steeped that formed over time and space that disappears is produced to, by steeping to conflict The scanning on border, obtains the space-time form that steeps that conflicts.

7. the construction machinery loss in efficiency quantization method under a kind of space-time conflict according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Step 6 includes step in detail below：

Step 6-1, when the loss in efficiency in different motion path is quantified, takes path conflict foam product maximum (V_max) moment The loss in efficiency degree to represent construction machinery on this paths, if the space geometric from ∑ of the bubble that conflicts on certain path:Z=f (x, y), wherein (x, y) ∈ Q, then the volume of the space geometric from be_：

$V_{max}=\underset{Q}{\∫\∫}f(x,y)d_x{d}_y$

V_maxMaximum for certain moment efficiency foam product in the path；

Step 6-2, the expression formula of loss in efficiency is：

${\mathrm{\Δ\η}}_i=\left\{\begin{array}{c}0,\\ \mathrm{\α}{V}_{max},\end{array}\right.$

Δη_iFor construction machinery loss in efficiency；α is correction factor；When there is no space-time conflict, Δ η_iFor 0；Empty punching when this happens When prominent, Δ η_iFor α V_max.