CN106501135A - A kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor - Google Patents

A kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106501135A
CN106501135A CN201610930417.7A CN201610930417A CN106501135A CN 106501135 A CN106501135 A CN 106501135A CN 201610930417 A CN201610930417 A CN 201610930417A CN 106501135 A CN106501135 A CN 106501135A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
nuclear reactor
reaction chamber
conduit
aerosol
outlet
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Pending
Application number
CN201610930417.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄伟
王春雨
黄腾
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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Application filed by University of Science and Technology of China USTC filed Critical University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Priority to CN201610930417.7A priority Critical patent/CN106501135A/en
Publication of CN106501135A publication Critical patent/CN106501135A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J13/00Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
    • B01J13/0095Preparation of aerosols
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0003Determining electric mobility, velocity profile, average speed or velocity of a plurality of particles

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of aerosol includes tubular reactor, the first quantitative inlet duct, the second quantitative inlet duct and humidity control apparatus into nuclear reactor.Wherein, the inner hollow of tubular reactor forms reaction chamber, and the two ends of tubular reactor are respectively arranged with inlet and outlet.First quantitative inlet duct and the second quantitative inlet duct can convey outlet and the inlet communication of tubular reactor of the quantitative inlet duct of gas, i.e., first and the second quantitative inlet duct to reaction chamber quantification.Humidity control apparatus can adjust the humidity in reaction chamber.Which can simulate aerosol nucleation process, be easy to the kinetics mechanism for furtheing investigate aerosol nucleation.

Description

A kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical experiment device technical field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor.
Background technology
At present, gray haze has become the serious environmental problems that China faces.Gray haze is a kind of aerosol in itself, wherein PM2.5 (liquid or solid aerosol particle of the diameter being scattered in air less than or equal to 2.5 microns) has become air The major pollutants of environment, these particulate matters have directly or indirectly shadow to the healthy and global climate effect of people Ring.
Aerosol main source once particle and offspring, and it has recently been demonstrated that new particle is generated may make For the important sources of offspring, participate in the forming process of gray haze.It is Atmospheric Grains and cloud condensation nucl that new particle is generated Important sources, new particle generate initial process be exactly nucleation stage.Therefore aerosol nucleation process is current environmental science Family and the study hotspot of chemists, this Forming Mechanism of aerosol and haze and solves the problems, such as that haze is most important to understanding, And can more preferable important function of the cognition and comprehension aerosol in climate change and environment.But due to the aerosol nuclei of condensation Grain very little (less than 3nm), it is difficult to catch, therefore for the Review On The Nucleation Mechanism of aerosol yet suffers from a lot of disputes and research is blank.
In sum, how a kind of aerosol is provided into nuclear reactor, in order to further investigate the power of aerosol nucleation Mechanism is learned, is current those skilled in the art's urgent problem.
Content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor, the aerosol is into nuclear reactor Aerosol nucleation process can be simulated, is easy to the kinetics mechanism for furtheing investigate aerosol nucleation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of aerosol into nuclear reactor, including:
Tubular reactor, its inner hollow form reaction chamber, and its two ends is respectively arranged with inlet and outlet;
The first quantitative inlet duct and the second quantitative inlet duct of gas can be conveyed to the reaction chamber quantification;
The humidity control apparatus in the reaction chamber can be adjusted.
Preferably, above-mentioned aerosol is in nuclear reactor, the first quantitative inlet duct include the first conduit and according to Secondary be serially connected with the described first supravasal first mass flowmenter and saturator, the outlet of first conduit is anti-with the tubulose Answer the inlet communication of device.
Preferably, in nuclear reactor, the saturator includes the inner tube of multiple series connection and is set in institute above-mentioned aerosol The outer tube on the outside of inner tube is stated, and the inlet and outlet of said inner tube is connected on first conduit.
Preferably, above-mentioned aerosol is equipped with sulfuric acid in said inner tube in nuclear reactor, equipped with water with logical in the outer tube The sulfuric acid temperature that crosses in water-bath control said inner tube, the import of first conduit access zero air.
Preferably, in nuclear reactor, the second quantitative inlet duct includes the second conduit and connection to above-mentioned aerosol In the described second supravasal second mass flowmenter, the outlet of second conduit is connected with the import of the tubular reactor Logical.
Preferably, in nuclear reactor, the humidity control apparatus include the 3rd conduit and go here and there successively above-mentioned aerosol It is connected on the described 3rd supravasal 3rd mass flowmenter, fluid reservoir and bubbler, the outlet of the 3rd conduit and the pipe The inlet communication of shape reactor, the import of the 3rd conduit access zero air.
Preferably, in nuclear reactor, the tubular reactor is divided into mixing to outlet above-mentioned aerosol by its import The outside for closing section, changeover portion and nucleating growth section, the mixing section and nucleating growth section is also arranged with water-bath pipe.
Preferably, above-mentioned aerosol is further opened with air inlet on the outer wall of the changeover portion in nuclear reactor, described enter Gas port can be opened or be blocked.
Preferably, in nuclear reactor, the nucleating growth section offers multiple along its distribution of lengths above-mentioned aerosol And connect the thief hatch inside the reaction chamber.
Preferably, above-mentioned aerosol includes scanning electromobility particle diameter spectrometer, and itself and multiple institutes in nuclear reactor, also State thief hatch connection to obtain the total number of particles in reaction chamber and particle diameter.
The aerosol that the present invention is provided includes tubular reactor, the first quantitative inlet duct, second quantitative into nuclear reactor Inlet duct and humidity control apparatus.Wherein, the inner hollow formation reaction chamber of tubular reactor, and tubular reactor Two ends are respectively arranged with inlet and outlet.First quantitative inlet duct and the second quantitative inlet duct can be to reaction chamber quantification The outlet of the quantitative inlet duct of conveying gas, i.e., first and the second quantitative inlet duct and the inlet communication of tubular reactor.Wet Degree adjusting means can adjust the humidity in reaction chamber.
When the aerosol that the application present invention is provided is into nuclear reactor, can be by the first quantitative inlet duct into reaction chamber Portion is input into quantitative sulfuric acid vapor, sulfur dioxide and/or other gases, that is, need to simulate impact of which kind of gas to zero air then Which kind of gas is input into by the first quantitative inlet duct to the inside of reaction chamber.By the second quantitative inlet duct to the inside of reaction chamber Zero quantitative air of input, then adjusts the humidity inside reaction chamber by humidity control apparatus, so realizes that simulation sulfuric acid steams The impact of vapour, sulfur dioxide and/or other gases to zero air, sulfuric acid vapor, sulfur dioxide and/or other gases are in zero air Middle generation aerosol, it is achieved that the simulation of aerosol nucleation process, is easy to the kinetics mechanism for furtheing investigate aerosol nucleation.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing Accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is sectional view of the aerosol provided in an embodiment of the present invention into nuclear reactor;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of tubular reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is structural representation of the aerosol provided in an embodiment of the present invention into nuclear reactor;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of saturator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figures 1-4:
The first mass flowmenters of 1-, 2- saturators, 2a- outer tubes, 2b- inner tubes, the 3rd mass flowmenters of 3-, 4- water-bath pipes, 5- Hygrothermographs, 6- tubular reactors, 7- scanning electromobility particle diameter spectrometer, 8- thief hatch, 9- air inlets, 10- bubblers, 11- fluid reservoirs, the second mass flowmenters of 12-;
A- mixing sections, B- changeover portions, C- nucleating growth sections.
Specific embodiment
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor, the aerosol can simulate gas into nuclear reactor Colloidal sol nucleation process, is easy to the kinetics mechanism for furtheing investigate aerosol nucleation.
Accompanying drawing in below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, to the embodiment of the present invention in technical scheme carry out clear, complete Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiment.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1-Fig. 4 is referred to, into nuclear reactor, the aerosol that the present invention is provided includes that tubular reactor 6, first quantitatively enters Device of air, the second quantitative inlet duct and humidity control apparatus.Wherein, the inner hollow of tubular reactor 6 forms reaction chamber, And the two ends of tubular reactor 6 are respectively arranged with inlet and outlet.First quantitative inlet duct and the second quantitative inlet duct Can be anti-with tubulose to the outlet of the quantitative inlet duct of reaction chamber quantification conveying gas, i.e., first and the second quantitative inlet duct Answer the inlet communication of device 6.Humidity control apparatus can adjust the humidity in reaction chamber.
When the aerosol that the application present invention is provided is into nuclear reactor, can be by the first quantitative inlet duct into reaction chamber Portion is input into quantitative sulfuric acid vapor, sulfur dioxide and/or other gases, that is, need to simulate impact of which kind of gas to zero air then Which kind of gas is input into by the first quantitative inlet duct to the inside of reaction chamber.By the second quantitative inlet duct to the inside of reaction chamber Zero quantitative air of input, then adjusts the humidity inside reaction chamber by humidity control apparatus, so realizes that simulation sulfuric acid steams The impact of vapour, sulfur dioxide and/or other gases to zero air, sulfuric acid vapor, sulfur dioxide and/or other gases are in zero air Middle generation aerosol, it is achieved that the simulation of aerosol nucleation process, is easy to the kinetics mechanism for furtheing investigate aerosol nucleation.
Wherein, the first quantitative inlet duct includes the first conduit and is sequentially connected in series in the first supravasal first quality stream The inlet communication of gauge 1 and saturator 2, the outlet of the first conduit and tubular reactor 6.That is the first mass flowmenter 1 and saturation Device 2 is concatenated and is connected by the first conduit, and the outlet of the first conduit is the outlet of the first quantitative inlet duct.So can be by Sulfuric acid or other liquid are placed in saturator 2, and this is sentenced equipped with as a example by sulfuric acid in saturator 2, and sulfuric acid is not filled with saturator 2, Sulfuric acid vapor is full of on the upside of sulfuric acid liquid level, and such sulfuric acid vapor can be entered in reaction chamber through the first conduit, the first mass flow Meter 1 can control the sulfuric acid vapor flow entered in reaction chamber, to control the sulfuric acid vapor concentration in reaction chamber.
Specifically, saturator 2 includes multiple series connection inner tube 2b and the outer tube 2a being set on the outside of inner tube 2b, and inner tube 2b Inlet and outlet be connected on the first conduit.Further, sulfuric acid is housed in inner tube 2b, equipped with water with by water in outer tube 2a Sulfuric acid temperature in bath control inner tube 2b.Thus, can be equipped with the concentrated sulfuric acid that concentration is 97% in inner tube 2b, and the liquid of the concentrated sulfuric acid Half of the face highly for inner tube 2b, is full of sulfuric acid vapor on the upside of the liquid level of the concentrated sulfuric acid.Inner tube 2b can be spherical, the number of inner tube 2b Amount can be three, and certain inner tube 2b can also be that other shapes are such as oval, the quantity of inner tube 2b can also be four or Two, it is not limited thereto.
Further, the import of the first conduit accesses zero air, and zero air enters through the first mass flowmenter 1 and saturator 2 Enter reaction chamber, sulfuric acid vapor is purged zero air by surface so and brings reaction chamber into, the concentration of sulfuric acid vapor is by control zero First mass flowmenter 1 of air purging is adjusted, the concentration of the sulfuric acid in reaction chamber by 2 inner tube 2b of saturator temperature, Purge total flow in zero air mass flow and reaction chamber to determine.Can be taken out of by adjusting zero air of regulation of the first mass flowmenter 1 Sulfuric acid vapor amount, and then adjust reaction chamber in sulfuric acid vapor concentration.
It is of course also possible to the air pressure in reaction chamber is made less than the air pressure in saturator 2, so that sulfuric acid vapor enters reaction chamber In.
In order to avoid sulfuric acid vapor corrodes the first mass flowmenter 1, saturator 2 can be connected to the first mass flowmenter Between 1 and the import of tubular reactor 6, such zero air first passes around the first mass flowmenter 1, then through saturator 2.This When the control of the first mass flowmenter 1 be zero air quality, can be by calculating the sulfuric acid vapor for entering reaction chamber Quality.Certainly, the first mass flowmenter 1 can also be not limited thereto between saturator 2 and tubular reactor 6.
In addition, the second quantitative inlet duct includes the second conduit and is connected to the second supravasal second mass flowmenter 12, the inlet communication of the outlet of the second conduit and tubular reactor 6.That is the outlet of the second conduit is the second quantitative inlet duct Outlet.Further, the import of the second conduit accesses zero air, so can be by the second quantitative inlet duct into reaction chamber Input sets zero air of flow, so that the total flow in reaction chamber keeps constant.Certainly, the import of the second conduit can also connect Enter other gases, be not limited thereto.
Preferably, humidity control apparatus include the 3rd conduit and are sequentially connected in series in the 3rd supravasal 3rd mass flow Meter 3, fluid reservoir 11 and bubbler 10, the outlet of the 3rd conduit and the inlet communication of tubular reactor 6.So bubbler 10 is produced Vapor enter in reaction chamber along the 3rd conduit, to realize regulation to humidity in reaction chamber.Specifically, the 3rd conduit Import can access zero air, and zero air sequentially passes through the 3rd mass flowmenter 3, fluid reservoir 11 and bubbler 10 and eventually enters into instead Chamber is answered, zero air enters bubbler 10 after 11 liquid level of fluid reservoir purging, drive part vapor to enter reaction chamber.The present embodiment In, fluid reservoir 11 is set before bubbler 10, with anti-back suction function, it is to avoid water enters the 3rd mass flowmenter 3 and damages Bad situation.
It is, of course, also possible to arrange Hygrothermograph 5 to understand the humiture in reaction chamber at any time.
First conduit, the second conduit and the 3rd conduit can be teflon pipe, and its internal diameter is 6mm.Tubular reactor 6 can be with Pipe using quartz glass material.
Tubular reactor 6 is divided into mixing section A, changeover portion B and nucleating growth section C by its import to outlet.Tubulose is anti- 6 overall length of device is answered for 1480mm, wherein mixing section A length is 200mm, the length of changeover portion B is 180mm, the length of nucleating growth section C Spend for 1100mm.Tubular reactor 6 is pipe, and its internal diameter can be 5mm.
Wherein, the outside of mixing section A and nucleating growth section C is also arranged with water-bath pipe 4, can pass through the control of water-bath pipe 4 mixed The temperature of section A and nucleating growth section C is closed, and temperature can be adjusted according to experiment.Through the first quantitative inlet duct, the second quantitative air inlet Device and humidity control apparatus are entered after the gas of reaction chamber is well mixed in the mixing section A of high temperature, through changeover portion B, by Gradually in laminar flow, at the uniform velocity advance.After entering nucleating growth section C there is nucleation in temperature decrease, continue constantly to be grown up until arriving forward Detectable magnitude.
Their impacts to aerosol nucleation are studied for the ease of introducing volatile organic matter such as amine, can be with transition Air inlet 9 is offered on the outer wall of section B, and air inlet 9 can be opened or be blocked.Thus, can when organic matter need not be introduced To block air inlet 9.Specifically, air inlet 9 can be two, but be not limited to two.
Nucleating growth section C can offer multiple connection reaction chambers inside thief hatch 8, and multiple thief hatch 8 along The distribution of lengths of nucleating growth section C, can draw the response situation inside reaction chamber with sampled mouth 8.Specifically, it is also possible to into Sampling section is set on rear side of nucleus growth section C, and nucleating growth section C and sampling Duan Jun open up thief hatch 8, further, the number of thief hatch 8 Measure as 9.Nucleating growth section C can have an internal diameter thief hatch 8 every 200mm, and finally sampling section can be arranged every 8cm or so One thief hatch 8, sampling section are divided into 4 thief hatch 8 of cloth, and the bore of thief hatch 8 can be 3mm.
The aerosol can also include scanning electromobility particle diameter spectrometer 7 into nuclear reactor, and scan electromobility particle diameter Spectrometer 7 is connected with multiple thief hatch 8 to obtain the total number of particles in reaction chamber and particle diameter, so scanning electromobility particle diameter spectrometer 7 can be connected with multiple thief hatch 8 respectively by air ducts, draw the total number of particles of the position of multiple thief hatch 8 and right The particle size that answers, obtains the time in conjunction with flowing velocity, judges aerosol nucleation rate and growth rate.Using present invention offer Aerosol can pass through gas and the humiture of the entrance reaction chamber for controlling variable concentrations into nuclear reactor, obtain different into Core rate and growth rate, are easy to study nucleation kinetics process.
Following table is to enter the sulfuric acid vapor of reaction chamber, the temperature of vapor and zero air and flow to the humidity in reaction chamber Affect result:
The aerosol provided using the present invention stops the first quantitative inlet duct, the second quantitative air inlet into after nuclear reactor Device and humidity control apparatus convey gas into reaction chamber, and dismounting is cleaned.Specifically with hot water concussion cleaning tubular reactor Inside device 6 after two or three time, the experiment ultra-pure water rinse of reusable heat, finally with zero dry air blow drying.If continuous one month real After testing, 6 inwall of tubular reactor can be stained with simple cleaning and be difficult to remove and sulfuric acid and organic matter of residual etc., can now take height Warm air sweeping method is removed.After i.e. simple cleaning, tubular reactor 6 is progressively heated with 40 DEG C, 70 DEG C and 90 DEG C water-baths, with When reaction chamber in be passed through high flow capacity dry zero air purging.
In this specification, each embodiment is described by the way of going forward one by one, and what each embodiment was stressed is and other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention. Multiple modifications of these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one The most wide scope for causing.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that include:
Tubular reactor (6), its inner hollow form reaction chamber, and its two ends is respectively arranged with inlet and outlet;
The first quantitative inlet duct and the second quantitative inlet duct of gas can be conveyed to the reaction chamber quantification;
The humidity control apparatus in the reaction chamber can be adjusted.
2. aerosol according to claim 1 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that the first quantitative inlet duct includes First conduit and it is sequentially connected in series in described first supravasal first mass flowmenter (1) and saturator (2), described first leads The inlet communication of the outlet of pipe and the tubular reactor (6).
3. aerosol according to claim 2 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that described saturator (2) include multiple strings The inner tube (2b) of connection and the outer tube (2a) being set on the outside of said inner tube (2b), and the inlet and outlet connection of said inner tube (2b) On first conduit.
4. aerosol according to claim 3 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that sulfuric acid is housed in said inner tube (2b), Equipped with water with by the sulfuric acid temperature in water-bath control said inner tube (2b), the import of first conduit in outer tube (2a) Access zero air.
5. aerosol according to claim 1 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that the second quantitative inlet duct includes Second conduit and it is connected to described second supravasal second mass flowmenter (12), the outlet of second conduit and the pipe The inlet communication of shape reactor (6).
6. aerosol according to claim 1 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that the humidity control apparatus include the 3rd Conduit and it is sequentially connected in series in the described 3rd supravasal 3rd mass flowmenter (3), fluid reservoir (11) and bubbler (10), institute The outlet of the 3rd conduit and the inlet communication of the tubular reactor (6) is stated, the import of the 3rd conduit accesses zero air.
7. aerosol according to claim 1 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that tubular reactor (6) are entered by which Mouth is also arranged to the outside that outlet is divided into mixing section, changeover portion and nucleating growth section, the mixing section and nucleating growth section There is water-bath pipe (4).
8. aerosol according to claim 7 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that also open up on the outer wall of the changeover portion There are air inlet (9), air inlet (9) open or block.
9. aerosol according to claim 7 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that the nucleating growth section offers multiple Along its distribution of lengths and connect the thief hatch (8) inside the reaction chamber.
10. aerosol according to claim 9 is into nuclear reactor, it is characterised in that also include scanning electromobility particle diameter Spectrometer (7), and which connects to obtain the total number of particles in reaction chamber and particle diameter with multiple thief hatch (8).
CN201610930417.7A 2016-10-31 2016-10-31 A kind of aerosol is into nuclear reactor Pending CN106501135A (en)

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CN111203157A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-29 中国计量大学 Correction device and correction method for aerosol growth area
CN112473612A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-03-12 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 Novel continuous flow coupling reactor for rapid strong exothermic reaction
CN112915955A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-08 中国科学技术大学 Aerosol nucleation turbulent flow tube reactor capable of continuously adjusting reaction time

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109709008A (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-05-03 中国辐射防护研究院 Intercepting and capturing and transposition experimental method of the high-temperature heating formula radioaerosol in plant
CN111203157A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-29 中国计量大学 Correction device and correction method for aerosol growth area
CN111203157B (en) * 2020-01-07 2022-04-05 中国计量大学 Correction device and correction method for aerosol growth area
CN112473612A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-03-12 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 Novel continuous flow coupling reactor for rapid strong exothermic reaction
CN112915955A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-08 中国科学技术大学 Aerosol nucleation turbulent flow tube reactor capable of continuously adjusting reaction time

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