CN106498130B - The process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in silicon-containing alloy steel - Google Patents
The process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in silicon-containing alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106498130B CN106498130B CN201610954074.8A CN201610954074A CN106498130B CN 106498130 B CN106498130 B CN 106498130B CN 201610954074 A CN201610954074 A CN 201610954074A CN 106498130 B CN106498130 B CN 106498130B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of process that micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in silicon-containing alloy steel, including：Choose silicon-containing alloy steel, it is heated by high-power induction heating method, the rate of heat addition is more than 80 DEG C/s, is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 860 DEG C, soaking time t, the t was in 4 ~ 30 seconds scopes, after soaking time t, steel alloy is quickly cooled down, when cooldown rate is more than 100 DEG C/s, the quenching technical for one and the step 2 of repeating the above steps, obtains micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite., to intensity contribution less on the contrary significantly reduce toughness plasticity the problem of thicker by the twin of martensitic traoformation acquisition to solve.The invention belongs to steel alloy Field of Heat-treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forming method of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite, belong to steel alloy Field of Heat-treatment.
Background technology
In recent years, in relation to nano twin crystal metal material in terms of numerous studies and it was verified that twin boundary is a kind of special
Lower state coherent grain boundary, the lattices of twin boundary both sides is symmetrical in minute surface, and similar with common big angle crystal boundary, twin boundary can be effectively
Dislocation motion is hindered, so that material reinforcement.But its reinforcing effect of the twin lamellae of micro-meter scale is not notable, when twin piece
When layer thickness is refined to nanometer scale, it is strengthened effect and starts to show.Nano twin crystal metal material has very unique mechanics
Performance and physical property, have become a kind of new way for improving material comprehensive performance using nanometer scale twin crystal interface enhancing material
Through.The metal material of the twins sub-structure of micro/nano-scale containing high density has the performance that many conventional metal materials do not have, such as
Intensity hardness, considerable plasticity, the electric conductivity of superelevation, high sensitivity of strain rate and the fatigue crack germinating performance of superelevation
Deng.As it can be seen that the metal material containing high density nano twin crystal has many excellent performances, thus, such material also has
Wide application space.
Twin is not uncommon for, in some intermetallic compounds, the metal material of many metal materials, particularly low stacking fault energy
In, it can observe twin.But contained twin in these materials, or content is very little, the presence of twin structure, is not enough to shadow
Ring the mechanical property of block materials；It is exactly that contain in material is the thick twin lamellae of size, thick twin is to intensity
The contribution of hardness is little, reduces the toughness plasticity energy of material on the contrary.At present, to the research in terms of micro/nano-scale twin and practical work
Aspect, mainly with the pure copper material of the nano twin crystal containing high density made from magnetron sputtering method, under experimental conditions, shows
Many excellent mechanical properties and physical property.But nano twin crystal pure copper material made from this technology not yet obtains widely
Using reason is that the pure copper material size of the twin containing high density prepared by this method is limited, reports for work its plate according to document
The thickness of shape stretching sample is only 40um.And the nano twin crystal fine copper of bulk its own stacking fault energy it is relatively low, under conditions of stress,
Easily because the sliding of atomic plane loses the twin relation of nano twin crystal, it is transformed into the structure of conventional coarse-grain fine copper, loses and receive
The invigoration effect of rice twin structure.So as to cause the pure copper material of the nano twin crystal containing high density made from magnetron sputtering method can not
It is widely used.
Micro/nano-scale twin is prepared in steel by the method for phase transformation larger difficulty.On the one hand due to the stacking fault energy of carbon steel
Higher to be not easy to form deformation twin, its deformation mechanism is mainly based on the sliding of dislocation, therefore can only be obtained in a manner of phase transformation
Twin.And it is thicker by the twin that martensitic traoformation obtains, toughness plasticity is less significantly reduced on the contrary to intensity contribution.It is another
Aspect must also improve the intensity of austenite phase otherwise, could obtain a certain number of micro/nano-scale twin geneva
Body.It yet there are no and micro/nano-scale twin is obtained in general agglomerate body low-alloy carbon steel to realize the document report of reinforcing and plasticizing
Road.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of technique side that micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in silicon-containing alloy steel is provided
Method, it is thicker with the twin for solving to obtain by martensitic traoformation, toughness plasticity is less significantly reduced on the contrary to intensity contribution
Problem.
To solve the above problems, intend using such a work that micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in silicon-containing alloy steel
Process, including：
Step 1 chooses silicon-containing alloy steel, it is heated by high-power induction heating method, and the rate of heat addition is more than 80
DEG C/s, 830 DEG C ~ 860 DEG C are heated to, soaking time t, the t were in 4 ~ 30 seconds scopes；
After step 2 soaking times t, steel alloy is quickly cooled down, when cooldown rate is more than 100 DEG C/s；
Step 3 repeats the above steps the quenching technical of one and step 2, obtains micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite.
In previous process method, the component and size range of selected steel alloy are as follows：Constituent content (wt%), C：
0.55~0.65、Si：1.50~2.50、Cr：0.8~1.4、V：0.08 ~ 0.20, remaining is impurity content, and material diameter is less than Φ 25mm.
In previous process method, after choosing steel alloy in step 1, homogenizing annealing is first carried out, then removes skim-coat
Impurity, avoids its rate of heat addition of impurity effect and cooldown rate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is used in the low-temperature space close to critical point, since temperature is low, is tempered insufficient portion
Point carbide and the size of refinement separate out to have to be partly dissolved at the same time in matrix causes have local height in each crystal grain thinning
Carbon area (carbon content is more than more than 0.7%), then quick cooling, this process locally keep non-uniform high-carbon in each crystal grain
Concentration area.This state can obtain a certain number of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensites with the cooling of ultrafast speed.Due to this
The deformation mechanism of types of steel mainly based on the sliding of dislocation, will not destroy the twin relation of twin, so as to ensure that wherein institute
Contribution of the micro/nano-scale twin contained to material macro strength.Another aspect plastic history Dislocations and micro/nano-scale twin
Reaction and Interaction Energy effectively discharge deformational stress and cause material plasticity to improve.Therefore this method can be by agglomerate body
Micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is obtained in material to significantly improve the strong plasticity of this kind of material, there is important practical application valency
Value.The density of micro/nano-scale twin can only not include very high within 10% volume fraction at present, can make the intensity of this kind of material
Reach more than 2000MPa, while plasticity index (contraction percentage of area) can obtain 45% or so.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the quenching+tempering artwork of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite tissue made from the embodiment of the present invention
With twin lamellae thickness schematic diagram.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be made below further detailed
Description.
Embodiment：
The new process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in medium high carbon silicon, chromium, vanadium steel, its technique is as shown in Figure 1.
1st step：Sample is machined to suitable dimension, sample is first subjected to homogenizing annealing.Then artificial removal's sample table
Oxide-film of layer etc. can influence the impurity of its rate of heat addition and cooldown rate.
2nd step：Technique as shown in Figure 1 carries out quenching heat treatment to steel.
Concrete technology specification is as follows：
80 DEG C/s of firing rate
840 DEG C of holding temperature
Soaking time 10s
200 DEG C/s of cooldown rate
With reference to Fig. 1, when quenching velocity be 200 DEG C/s, Ms point temperature is minimum, the twin lamellae thickness of its formation is also most
Small, the twin lamellae thickness of acquisition is in 19nm or so.Raising to intensity and plasticity has larger adjection.+ 440 DEG C of quenching ×
After 60min tempering, it is optimal to test the comprehensive mechanical property of steel, maximum pulling strength and the contraction percentage of area respectively up to 1924MPa and
44.4%.The technological parameter as described in the 2nd step carries out steel circulating quenching heat treatment, the sample after circulating quenching 3 times, crystallite dimension
Reach 5um or so, quench the micro/nano-scale twin content of formation up to 9.5% or so.
Claims (3)
1. the process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in silicon-containing alloy steel, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1 chooses silicon-containing alloy steel, and the component of selected steel alloy is as follows：Constituent content (wt%), C：0.55~0.65、
Si：1.50~2.50、Cr：0.8~1.4、V：0.08 ~ 0.20, remaining is iron and impurity content, passes through high-power induction heating method
It is heated, the rate of heat addition is more than 80 DEG C/s, is heated to 830 DEG C ~ 860 DEG C, soaking time t, the t were in 4 ~ 30 seconds scopes；
After step 2 soaking times t, steel alloy is quickly cooled down, when cooldown rate is more than 100 DEG C/s；
Step 3 repeats the above steps the quenching technical of one and step 2, obtains micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite.
2. the process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite, its feature are formed in silicon-containing alloy steel according to claim 1
It is：The size range of selected steel alloy is as follows：Material diameter is less than Φ 25mm.
3. the process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite, its feature are formed in silicon-containing alloy steel according to claim 1
It is：After choosing steel alloy in step 1, homogenizing annealing is first carried out, then removes skim-coat impurity.
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