CN106495834A - A kind of method that utilization sludge prepares fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization sludge prepares fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106495834A CN106495834A CN201610877410.3A CN201610877410A CN106495834A CN 106495834 A CN106495834 A CN 106495834A CN 201610877410 A CN201610877410 A CN 201610877410A CN 106495834 A CN106495834 A CN 106495834A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method that utilization sludge prepares fertilizer, belongs to fertilizer field, comprises the following steps：Blown-ball Azotobacter solution, yeast solution and actinomycetes solution is prepared, standby；Thickened sludge, adds polyacrylamide, phytic acid and sodium laurate, stirs, and processes, obtain conditioning sludge under the conditions of weak base；Conditioning sludge dewatering, adds sawdust, obtains mixing sludge, mixing sludge is tiled, and is incubated to 65 70 DEG C, and ultraviolet-sterilization, ventilation obtain pre-treatment sludge；Pre-treatment sludge is carried out alternating temperature stage digestion under rotation status, digested sludge is obtained；Corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate are added in digested sludge, is stirred and high temperature closed processes, is obtained sludge material；Sludge material is dried, is crushed, pelletize, screening, mix to obtain fertilizer with perlite.The fertilizer fertilizer efficiency that is prepared by the method for the present invention is good, fertility is strong, using safety, means are simple, input rationally, can come into operation in middle or small sewage treatment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Treatment of Sludge and agricultural fertilizer technical field, and in particular to a kind of utilization sludge prepares fertilizer
Method.
Background technology
The deposit produced in sewage disposal process, including contained solid matter, suspended material, colloidal substance in sewage
And the sediment for being separated from the water out, it is referred to as sludge.In the processing procedure to municipal sewage or industrial wastewater, can produce
Various types of sludge.The property of sludge is pressed, two big class of body refuse and organic sludge can be classified as, with inorganic as main component
Sludge is referred to as body refuse, and as organic sludge, usually said sludge refers to organic sludge to the sludge with Organic substance as main component.
Sludge from primary sedimentation tank and second pond sludge can be discharged based on Organic substance, quantity big and easily degenerate smelly organic sludge, usual institute
The sludge that will be processed or dispose for claiming refers mainly to this partial sludge.Treatment of Sludge mainly has following side with the purpose that disposes
Face：1st, minimizing：The volume before sludge ultimate disposal is reduced, to reduce the expense of Treatment of Sludge and final disposal；2nd, stabilisation：
By processing the sludge stabilizing for making that easily corruption is fouled, the further degraded of sludge is no longer produced after final disposal, so as to keep away
Exempt to produce secondary pollution；3rd, innoxious：Poisonous and harmful substance is dealt carefully with or is utilized, reach the innoxious of sludge and defend
Biochemistry, such as goes removing heavy metals or sterilizing etc.；4th, resource：Changing waste into valuable, comprehensive utilization, protection is reached while sludge is processed
The purpose of environment, such as produces biogas etc..
Traditional sludge processing method has 3 kinds, burns, fills and recycling.Burning process investment is huge, easily causes big
Gas pollutes；The domestic landfill for adopting needs to take substantial amounts of soil more, while the secondary pollution of environment can be caused, domestic big-and-middle city
Soil regenerated resources in city are few, it is difficult to adopt this mode for a long time.Processed using the modernization that physics, chemistry, biology or three have concurrently
Technology, by recycling sludge, can not only realize that sludge is recycled, moreover it is possible to the secondary pollution of effective control sludge, environmental benefit
Same notable.
At present, all circles are devoted to studying effective specific resistance to filtration technique, process step around concentration, stable, conditioning,
Dehydration and carried out using several links, by constantly adjust each process technology to find more economical, more rationally, recycle
Maximized Treatment of Sludge scheme.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that utilization sludge prepares fertilizer, prepared by the method organic fat
Imitate, germination percentage is up to 86-95%；Digestion level is high, and organic matter decomposition rate is up to 40%, safe and convenient to use, can weight gaining soil fertility.
A kind of method that utilization sludge prepares fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
Step one, blown-ball Azotobacter, yeast and actinomycetes are inoculated in culture medium respectively and are cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase, obtain brown ball solid
Nitrogen bacterium solution, yeast solution and actinomycetes solution, standby；
Step 2, take sludge and carry out gravity concentration, moisture content is 93-95% after concentration；Add in sludge after every kilogram of gravity concentration
It is the polyacrylamide solution of 1.5g/L, the phytic acid that 5-8mL concentration expressed in percentage by volumes are 10% to enter 30-40mL mass-volume concentrations
Aqueous solution and 10-15mL mass-volume concentrations are the sodium laurate aqueous solution of 6g/L, stir；PH is adjusted to 7.0-7.5, quiet
Process 5-7h is put, conditioning sludge is obtained；
Step 3, will conditioning sludge carry out centrifugal machine dehydration, after dehydration moisture content be 65-75%, obtain dewatered sludge；
Step 4, the sawdust for adding its quality 10-15% in dewatered sludge, mix homogeneously obtain mixing sludge；By mixing sludge
Machining shed is moved into, tile on level land, tiling thickness is 10-15cm, and machining shed temperature is adjusted to 28- by covering and heat insulating film
35 DEG C, when sludge temperature reaches 65-70 DEG C under insulation film, remove insulation film, temperature is down to room temperature, ultraviolet-sterilization 30-
40min, ventilation, obtains pre-treatment sludge；
Step 5, pre-treatment sludge is placed in agitating device with 30-40rpm/min Stirrings, will be put in whipping process
In pre-treatment sludge, culture under 55-62 DEG C of temperature conditionss processes 2-3d to line bacterium spray solution, is cooled to 35-39 DEG C, will be brown
Ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria spray solution in pre-treatment sludge continues culture and processes 3-4d, continue to be cooled to 28-33 DEG C, and yeast is molten
Liquid is sprayed in pre-treatment sludge, is continued culture and is processed 5-6d, obtains digested sludge；
Step 6, digested sludge is moved into hopper, in hopper, add corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate, the corn straw of addition
10-15% of the silty amount for digested sludge quality, the ammonium polyacrylate quality of addition is the 3-5% of corn stalk powder quality, stirs
Uniformly, 60-65 DEG C of closed processes 48h, stir once per 6h, obtain sludge raw material；
Step 7, gained sludge raw material is dried to moisture content is 45-55%, is crushed, pelletize, and every kilogram of granulating is produced
Product uniformly spray 2mL 0.2mol/L phosphate buffers, then to carry out oven drying at low temperature to moisture content be 20-25%, after 10 mesh sieves point
Add perlite, wherein sludge raw material and perlite is with 6:1 mix homogeneously, obtains final product fertilizer.
Used as further optimization, the solids flux of gravity concentration described in step one is 4-6kg/m2H, concentration time is
12-15h.
Used as further optimization, the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine dehydration described in step 3 is 5-8rpm/min.
Used as further optimization, in step 5, in every kilogram of pre-treatment sludge, sprinkling 15mL actinomycetes solution, 25mL are brown
Ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution and 20mL yeast solution.
Beneficial effect：
1st, the present invention is nursed one's health by adding polyacrylamide, phytic acid and sodium laurate in thickened sludge under the conditions of weak base
Sludge, wherein, polyacrylamide can destroy the charge balance of sludge colloidal particles, release as a kind of organic high molecular compound
Discharge water molecule, improves sludge effectiveness, and in the process, phytic acid and sodium laurate synergism are occurred with Heavy Metals in Sludge
Chelatropic reaction, reduces the harmfulness of heavy metal substance, and the especially effect to Heavy Metals in Sludge lead is particularly evident, in addition in sludge
The middle growth for adding phytic acid promote microorganism during aerobic sigestion, reduces laundering period of the microorganism in sludge；Due to poly-
The effect of acrylamide, can form molecular force in three kinds of component molecules with sludge is intermolecular, and the active force causes each molecule
Between there is molecule gap, finally make sludge volume index decline 30% or so, key is served in sludge to microorganism stepless action
Effect, so that improve sludge digestion level.
2nd, sludge is proceeded to machining shed before sludge digestion by the present invention, adjusts machining shed temperature to slightly above ambient temperature,
Sludge temperature under insulation film is affected with this temperature so as to slowly improve to assigned temperature, in the process, added in sludge has
The effect played by effect composition is improved, while, it is possible to decrease impact of the harmful microorganism to follow-up Digestion in sludge.
3rd, the present invention is digested to mixing sludge using segmentation Fluctuation temperature culture mode, because digestion microbial inoculant is in front
Process in sludge, due to the complexity of material in environmental catastrophe and mixing sludge, the existence of microorganism is tested with growth,
Actinomycetes are suitable for wider temperature range, are inoculated with and carry out preculture under relatively high temperature conditionss, and actinomycetes can be very fast
Adapt to environment, and different biological activitys are shown under different temperature conditionss, using the compound different with decomposition, stable
Sludge, moreover it is possible to promote Zinc fractions crumb structure, improve sewage sludge quality.In front process sludge, it is understood that there may be the such as toxicity such as cyanogen
Strong compound, suppresses related digestion microorganism, yeast and blown-ball Azotobacter solution to add under suitable temperature conditionss, and three
Plant bacterium independent action and mutually promote, for example, cyanogen compound can suppress yeast and blown-ball Azotobacter growth, but can be initially charged
Actinomycetes decompose utilize.The mode of this segmentation Fluctuation temperature culture digestion microorganism can improve the overall digestion water of pre-treatment sludge
Flat, compared with undressed sludge and commercially available sludge, it is decomposed through more Organic substances in postdigestive sludge of the invention, organic
Thing content 30% or so, is more easy to be absorbed and used by plants as fertilizer.
4th, after sludge is through the method for the invention process, germination percentage is greatly improved, up to 86-95%, with commercially available sludge 65%
Germination percentage compare, highest can increase by 30% germination percentage；Root growth rate is also improved to by original 55% or is higher than nutritional solution
Culture level, after illustrating sludge through process, either trophic level or growth level, can meet the need of plant growing
Will.Rationally, technological means are simply effective for the inventive method input, and nutrition is balanced, and made fertilizer quality of finished is quite high, can be in
Small-sized Treatment of Sludge factory promotes the use of.
Specific embodiment
Explanation is further explained to the present invention below by specific embodiment.
The method that a kind of 1 utilization sludge of embodiment prepares fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
Step one, blown-ball Azotobacter is inoculated in LB fluid mediums, cultivates to logarithmic (log) phase in 37 DEG C, 220rpm/min, obtain
Blown-ball Azotobacter solution；Yeast is inoculated in SC fluid mediums, is cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained
Yeast solution；Actinomycetes are inoculated in YPD liquid cultures, are cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained actinomycetes
Solution, standby；
Step 2, take sludge and solids flux is moved to for 4-6kg/m212h is concentrated in the gravity concentration tank of h, moisture content is after concentration
93-95%；After every kilogram of gravity concentration, in sludge, add 30mL mass-volume concentrations water-soluble for the polyacrylamide of 1.5g/L
The sodium laurate aqueous solution of liquid, the phytic acid aqueous solution that 5mL concentration expressed in percentage by volumes are 10% and 15mL mass-volume concentrations for 6g/L,
60-80rpm/min stirs；PH to 7.0-7.5 is adjusted with sodium hydrate aqueous solution, stewing process 6h obtains conditioning sludge；
Step 3, will conditioning sludge move into centrifugal device in low speed dehydration will be carried out with 5-8rpm/min, after dehydration moisture content be 65-
75%, obtain dewatered sludge；
Step 4, the sawdust for adding its quality 13% in dewatered sludge, mix homogeneously obtain mixing sludge；Mixing sludge is moved into
Machining shed, is tiled on level land, and tiling thickness is 10-15cm, covers two-layer insulation film, machining shed temperature is adjusted to 28
DEG C, opening light barrier carries out illumination, when sludge temperature reaches 65-70 DEG C under insulation film, removes insulation film, and temperature is down to room
Temperature, closes light barrier, and opening uviol lamp carries out ultraviolet-sterilization 30min, and sterilization terminates rear venting, obtains pre-treatment sludge；
Step 5, pre-treatment sludge is placed in agitating device with 30-40rpm/min Stirrings, will be put in whipping process
In pre-treatment sludge, culture under 55-62 DEG C of temperature conditionss processes 3d to line bacterium spray solution, is cooled to 35-39 DEG C, by yeast
Bacterium spray solution in pre-treatment sludge continues culture and processes 3d, continue to be cooled to 28-33 DEG C, blown-ball Azotobacter solution is sprayed
Spill in pre-treatment sludge, continue culture and process 6d, obtain digested sludge；Wherein, in every kilogram of pre-treatment sludge, sprinkling 15mL is put
Line bacterium solution, 25mL blown-ball Azotobacters solution and 20mL yeast solution.
Step 6, digested sludge is moved into hopper, in hopper, add corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate, the Semen Maydiss of addition
Powder of straw quality for digested sludge quality 10%, the ammonium polyacrylate quality of addition is the 3% of corn stalk powder quality, and stirring is
Even, 60-65 DEG C of closed processes 48h are stirred once per 6h, obtain sludge raw material；
Step 7, gained sludge raw material is dried to moisture content is 45-55%, is crushed, pelletize, and every kilogram of granulating is produced
Product uniformly spray 2mL 0.2mol/L phosphate buffers, then to carry out oven drying at low temperature to moisture content be 20-25%, after 10 mesh sieves point
Perlite is added, wherein sludge raw material and perlite are with mass ratio 6:1 mix homogeneously, obtains final product fertilizer.
The method that a kind of 2 utilization sludge of embodiment prepares fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
Step one, blown-ball Azotobacter is inoculated in LB fluid mediums, cultivates to logarithmic (log) phase in 37 DEG C, 220rpm/min, obtain
Blown-ball Azotobacter solution；Yeast is inoculated in SC fluid mediums, is cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained
Yeast solution；Actinomycetes are inoculated in YPD liquid cultures, are cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained actinomycetes
Solution, standby；
Step 2, take sludge and solids flux is moved to for 4-6kg/m213h is concentrated in the gravity concentration tank of h, moisture content is after concentration
93-95%；After every kilogram of gravity concentration, in sludge, add 34mL mass-volume concentrations water-soluble for the polyacrylamide of 1.5g/L
The sodium laurate aqueous solution of liquid, the phytic acid aqueous solution that 6mL concentration expressed in percentage by volumes are 10% and 14mL mass-volume concentrations for 6g/L,
60-80rpm/min stirs；PH to 7.0-7.5 is adjusted with sodium hydrate aqueous solution, stewing process 5h obtains conditioning sludge；
Step 3, will conditioning sludge move into centrifugal device in low speed dehydration will be carried out with 5-8rpm/min, after dehydration moisture content be 65-
75%, obtain dewatered sludge；
Step 4, the sawdust for adding its quality 10% in dewatered sludge, mix homogeneously obtain mixing sludge；Mixing sludge is moved into
Machining shed, is tiled on level land, and tiling thickness is 10-15cm, covers two-layer insulation film, machining shed temperature is adjusted to 30
DEG C, opening light barrier carries out illumination, when sludge temperature reaches 65-70 DEG C under insulation film, removes insulation film, and temperature is down to room
Temperature, closes light barrier, and opening uviol lamp carries out ultraviolet-sterilization 35min, and sterilization terminates rear venting, obtains pre-treatment sludge；
Step 5, pre-treatment sludge is placed in agitating device with 30-40rpm/min Stirrings, will be put in whipping process
In pre-treatment sludge, culture under 55-62 DEG C of temperature conditionss processes 2d to line bacterium spray solution, is cooled to 35-39 DEG C, by yeast
Bacterium spray solution in pre-treatment sludge continues culture and processes 4d, continue to be cooled to 28-33 DEG C, blown-ball Azotobacter solution is sprayed
Spill in pre-treatment sludge, continue culture and process 6d, obtain digested sludge；Wherein, in every kilogram of pre-treatment sludge, sprinkling 15mL is put
Line bacterium solution, 25mL blown-ball Azotobacters solution and 20mL yeast solution.
Step 6, digested sludge is moved into hopper, in hopper, add corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate, the Semen Maydiss of addition
Powder of straw quality for digested sludge quality 12%, the ammonium polyacrylate quality of addition is the 4% of corn stalk powder quality, and stirring is
Even, 60-65 DEG C of closed processes 48h are stirred once per 6h, obtain sludge raw material；
Step 7, gained sludge raw material is dried to moisture content is 45-55%, is crushed, pelletize, and every kilogram of granulating is produced
Product uniformly spray 2mL 0.2mol/L phosphate buffers, then to carry out oven drying at low temperature to moisture content be 20-25%, after 10 mesh sieves point
Perlite is added, wherein sludge raw material and perlite are with mass ratio 6:1 mix homogeneously, obtains final product fertilizer.
The method that a kind of 3 utilization sludge of embodiment prepares fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
Step one, blown-ball Azotobacter is inoculated in LB fluid mediums, cultivates to logarithmic (log) phase in 37 DEG C, 220rpm/min, obtain
Blown-ball Azotobacter solution；Yeast is inoculated in SC fluid mediums, is cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained
Yeast solution；Actinomycetes are inoculated in YPD liquid cultures, are cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained actinomycetes
Solution, standby；
Step 2, take sludge and solids flux is moved to for 4-6kg/m214h is concentrated in the gravity concentration tank of h, moisture content is after concentration
93-95%；After every kilogram of gravity concentration, in sludge, add 38mL mass-volume concentrations water-soluble for the polyacrylamide of 1.5g/L
The sodium laurate aqueous solution of liquid, the phytic acid aqueous solution that 7mL concentration expressed in percentage by volumes are 10% and 12mL mass-volume concentrations for 6g/L,
60-80rpm/min stirs；PH to 7.0-7.5 is adjusted with sodium hydrate aqueous solution, stewing process 6h obtains conditioning sludge；
Step 3, will conditioning sludge move into centrifugal device in low speed dehydration will be carried out with 5-8rpm/min, after dehydration moisture content be 65-
75%, obtain dewatered sludge；
Step 4, the sawdust for adding its quality 11% in dewatered sludge, mix homogeneously obtain mixing sludge；Mixing sludge is moved into
Machining shed, is tiled on level land, and tiling thickness is 10-15cm, covers two-layer insulation film, machining shed temperature is adjusted to 33
DEG C, opening light barrier carries out illumination, when sludge temperature reaches 65-70 DEG C under insulation film, removes insulation film, and temperature is down to room
Temperature, closes light barrier, and opening uviol lamp carries out ultraviolet-sterilization 40min, and sterilization terminates rear venting, obtains pre-treatment sludge；
Step 5, pre-treatment sludge is placed in agitating device with 30-40rpm/min Stirrings, will be put in whipping process
In pre-treatment sludge, culture under 55-62 DEG C of temperature conditionss processes 2.5d to line bacterium spray solution, is cooled to 35-39 DEG C, by ferment
Female bacterium spray solution in pre-treatment sludge continues culture and processes 3d, continue to be cooled to 28-33 DEG C, by blown-ball Azotobacter solution
It is sprayed in pre-treatment sludge, continues culture and process 5d, obtain digested sludge；Wherein, 15mL is sprayed in every kilogram of pre-treatment sludge
Actinomycetes solution, 25mL blown-ball Azotobacters solution and 20mL yeast solution.
Step 6, digested sludge is moved into hopper, in hopper, add corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate, the Semen Maydiss of addition
Powder of straw quality for digested sludge quality 14%, the ammonium polyacrylate quality of addition is the 3% of corn stalk powder quality, and stirring is
Even, 60-65 DEG C of closed processes 48h are stirred once per 6h, obtain sludge raw material；
Step 7, gained sludge raw material is dried to moisture content is 45-55%, is crushed, pelletize, and every kilogram of granulating is produced
Product uniformly spray 2mL 0.2mol/L phosphate buffers, then to carry out oven drying at low temperature to moisture content be 20-25%, after 10 mesh sieves point
Perlite is added, wherein sludge raw material and perlite are with mass ratio 6:1 mix homogeneously, obtains final product fertilizer.
The method that a kind of 4 utilization sludge of embodiment prepares fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
Step one, blown-ball Azotobacter is inoculated in LB fluid mediums, cultivates to logarithmic (log) phase in 37 DEG C, 220rpm/min, obtain
Blown-ball Azotobacter solution；Yeast is inoculated in SC fluid mediums, is cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained
Yeast solution；Actinomycetes are inoculated in YPD liquid cultures, are cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase in 30 DEG C, 220rpm/min, is obtained actinomycetes
Solution, standby；
Step 2, take sludge and solids flux is moved to for 4-6kg/m215h is concentrated in the gravity concentration tank of h, moisture content is after concentration
93-95%；After every kilogram of gravity concentration, in sludge, add 40mL mass-volume concentrations water-soluble for the polyacrylamide of 1.5g/L
The sodium laurate aqueous solution of liquid, the phytic acid aqueous solution that 8mL concentration expressed in percentage by volumes are 10% and 10mL mass-volume concentrations for 6g/L,
60-80rpm/min stirs；PH to 7.0-7.5 is adjusted with sodium hydrate aqueous solution, stewing process 7h obtains conditioning sludge；
Step 3, will conditioning sludge move into centrifugal device in low speed dehydration will be carried out with 5-8rpm/min, after dehydration moisture content be 65-
75%, obtain dewatered sludge；
Step 4, the sawdust for adding its quality 15% in dewatered sludge, mix homogeneously obtain mixing sludge；Mixing sludge is moved into
Machining shed, is tiled on level land, and tiling thickness is 10-15cm, covers two-layer insulation film, machining shed temperature is adjusted to 35
DEG C, opening light barrier carries out illumination, when sludge temperature reaches 65-70 DEG C under insulation film, removes insulation film, and temperature is down to room
Temperature, closes light barrier, and opening uviol lamp carries out ultraviolet-sterilization 35min, and sterilization terminates rear venting, obtains pre-treatment sludge；
Step 5, pre-treatment sludge is placed in agitating device with 30-40rpm/min Stirrings, will be put in whipping process
In pre-treatment sludge, culture under 55-62 DEG C of temperature conditionss processes 3d to line bacterium spray solution, is cooled to 35-39 DEG C, by yeast
Bacterium spray solution in pre-treatment sludge continues culture and processes 4d, continue to be cooled to 28-33 DEG C, blown-ball Azotobacter solution is sprayed
Spill in pre-treatment sludge, continue culture and process 5d, obtain digested sludge；Wherein, in every kilogram of pre-treatment sludge, sprinkling 15mL is put
Line bacterium solution, 25mL blown-ball Azotobacters solution and 20mL yeast solution.
Step 6, digested sludge is moved into hopper, in hopper, add corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate, the Semen Maydiss of addition
Powder of straw quality for digested sludge quality 15%, the ammonium polyacrylate quality of addition is the 5% of corn stalk powder quality, and stirring is
Even, 60-65 DEG C of closed processes 48h are stirred once per 6h, obtain sludge raw material；
Step 7, gained sludge raw material is dried to moisture content is 45-55%, is crushed, pelletize, and every kilogram of granulating is produced
Product uniformly spray 2mL 0.2mol/L phosphate buffers, then to carry out oven drying at low temperature to moisture content be 20-25%, after 10 mesh sieves point
Perlite is added, wherein sludge raw material and perlite are with mass ratio 6:1 mix homogeneously, obtains final product fertilizer.
5 digested sludge performance indications of embodiment are evaluated
First, performance indications
1st, sludge volume index
Sludge volume index（SVI）Be staticly settle through 30min after, the appearance shared by precipitating sludge formed by every gram of dewatered sludge
Product, unit is often in terms of mL/g.SVI values can more accurately be evaluated and reflect the aggregation of activated sludge, settling property.
Sludge settling ratio（SV30）：Also known as 30min sedimentation rates, it is the precipitation formed after sludge stands 30min in graduated cylinder
Mud volume and the ratio of raw sewage volume.Assay method：Mud sample is taken, is poured in 1000mL graduated cylinders, stand 30min, read
The numerical value of mud-water separation boundary is taken, divided by 1000, as SV30.
Activated sludge concentration（MLSS）The gross mass of contained activated sludge solids thing i.e. in unit volume sludge, unit are usual
It is g/L.Assay method：Mud sample is taken, is smashed with pulverizer, draw 20mL water samples, with distilled water punching filter, at 103-105 DEG C
Dry and sucking filtration is carried out on the middling speed quantitative filter paper that simultaneously constant weight is crossed, after then drying 2h at 103-105 DEG C every time, in exsiccator
Cool down, finally weighing, constant weight.Difference is weighed twice less than till 0.02mg.
MLSS（g/L）=(M mud paper-M paper)/V samples, wherein：
After M mud paper water sample suction filtrations, trapped substance and filter paper dry the quality after constant weight, mg；
M paper middling speeds quantitative filter paper through sucking filtration post-drying in constant weight after quality, mg；
V sample sampling amounts, mL.
Using sludge settling ratio SV30With activated sludge concentration MLSS, more useful sludge volume index SVI can be calculated
(mL/g)=SV30(mL/L)/MLSS(g/L).
In general, the too low explanation mud granule of SVI values is tiny, and inorganic content is high, lacks activity；The too high theory of SVI values
Bright sludge settling property is poor, will occur or have occurred and that sludge bulking.
2nd, content of organics
Content of organics is that the part that is overflowed when solid matter is burned under 550-600 DEG C of high temperature in sludge in gaseous form is solid
The scale of construction, also known as volatile solid material.
Assay method：Take quantitative sludge, 4500r/min is centrifuged 10min, by centrifugation after solid portion be completely transferred to earthenware
In crucible, it is put into baking oven and weighs after constant weight at 105 DEG C, obtain sewage sludge solid amount, place in Muffle furnace, calcination is extremely at 600 DEG C
After constant weight, the ash value for weighing is taken out, the difference for weighing in front and back is content of organics.
3rd, phytotoxicity
The phytotoxic effect that debirs are produced is the result of several combined factors effect, including heavy metal, ammonia nitrogen, salt and
Organic acid of low-molecular-weight etc., barley seed are often ground with germination and root growth as growth is very fast and is easily controlled
After studying carefully stabilization procedures, sludge is on phytotoxic impact.Typically it is measured with sludge extracting solution.
Seed germinative number * 100 under percentage of seedgermination=sludge extracting solution germination number/control condition
Average root length * 100 under root growth rate=sludge extracting solution average root length/control condition
2nd, metrics evaluation
The sludge of only concentrated process is taken, numbering is A；
Lack the digested sludge that step 2 is obtained in Example 1, numbering is B；
Commercially available Organic sludge manure is taken, numbering is C；
The conditioning sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 1, numbering is A1；
The digested sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 1, numbering is B1；
The conditioning sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 2, numbering is A2；
The digested sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 2, numbering is B2；
The conditioning sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 3, numbering is A3；
The digested sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 3, numbering is B3；
The conditioning sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 4, numbering is A4；
The digested sludge of the process of embodiment of learning from else's experience 4, numbering is B4；
Sludge that numbering be A, A1, A2, A3, A4 is taken respectively, according to the dirt that sludge volume index assay method determines five kinds of sludge
Mud volume index, as a result as shown in table 1 below.
From the above results, add polyacrylamide, phytic acid and the moon sodium silicate sludge is carried out quenched after, mud volume
Index decreased about 30%, in turn ensure that certain dispersibility under appropriate flocculation ability, make sludge intermolecular due to active force
And space is left, facilitate follow-up aerobic digestion, make micro- raw biological agent more abundant.
Take each about 20g of sludge that numbering is A, B, C, B1, B2, B3, B4 respectively, set per group three parallel, contain by Organic substance
Quantity measuring method determines content of organics in seven kinds of sludge respectively, as a result as shown in table 2 below.
The inorganic matters of Organic substance and 30-35% in typically undressed sludge containing about 65-70%；Without of the present invention
The sludge directly digested by conditioning process, its Organic substance decomposition are obstructed；Compared with commercially available Organic sludge manure, the present invention is made
Standby fertilizer Organic substance decomposes relatively more thoroughly, after being processed by the method for the invention, most of organic in sludge
Thing is decomposed, and Organic substance decomposes up to 40%.
Sludge that numbering be A, B, C, B1, B2, B3, B4 is taken respectively, and 4500r/min is centrifuged 20min, takes supernatant standby；
A metafiltration paper is taken, supernatant moistening is used, culture dish bottom is layered on, in culture dish, then adds supernatant, then will be in 4 DEG C of vernalization
The barley seed of 24h is placed on the filter paper of culture dish, makes liquid level not exclusively not have seed, and culture dish is placed in 26 DEG C of incubators
In, 8d is cultivated in the 16h illumination and 8h dark photoperiod.Wherein 20 seeds of each culture dish, test for per group and arrange three
Parallel, control condition replaces supernatant from nutritional solution.Seven kind sludge are determined respectively on phytotoxic impact, as a result such as following table
Shown in 3.
By detecting to phytotoxicity in sludge：Due to containing nuisances such as heavy metals in undressed sludge
Matter, germinates to barley seed relatively large with Rooting effect, and germination percentage is only 40%；After not conditioned Treatment of Sludge, although disappear
The harmfulness of related substanceses in sludge can be reduced during change to a certain extent, but compared with the method for the invention, its toxicity
Still substantially, plant germination is can not be ignored with Rooting effect；The phytotoxicity of commercially available Organic sludge manure is more than institute of the present invention
The Organic sludge manure of preparation；After the method for the invention process, germination percentage is greatly improved, up to 86-95%, root growth rate also by
55% originally improves to or is higher than Solution culture method level, and after illustrating sludge through process, either trophic level still grows and sends out
Level is educated, the needs of plant growing can be met, organic fertilizer can be processed into and come into operation.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that utilization sludge prepares fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step one, blown-ball Azotobacter, yeast and actinomycetes are inoculated in culture medium respectively and are cultivated to logarithmic (log) phase, obtain brown ball solid
Nitrogen bacterium solution, yeast solution and actinomycetes solution, standby；
Step 2, take sludge and carry out gravity concentration, moisture content is 93-95% after concentration；Add in sludge after every kilogram of gravity concentration
It is the polyacrylamide solution of 1.5g/L, the phytic acid that 5-8mL concentration expressed in percentage by volumes are 10% to enter 30-40mL mass-volume concentrations
Aqueous solution and 10-15mL mass-volume concentrations are the sodium laurate aqueous solution of 6g/L, stir；PH is adjusted to 7.0-7.5, quiet
Process 5-7h is put, conditioning sludge is obtained；
Step 3, will conditioning sludge carry out centrifugal machine dehydration, after dehydration moisture content be 65-75%, obtain dewatered sludge；
Step 4, the sawdust for adding its quality 10-15% in dewatered sludge, mix homogeneously obtain mixing sludge；By mixing sludge
Machining shed is moved into, tile on level land, tiling thickness is 10-15cm, and machining shed temperature is adjusted to 28- by covering and heat insulating film
35 DEG C, when sludge temperature reaches 65-70 DEG C under insulation film, remove insulation film, temperature is down to room temperature, ultraviolet-sterilization 30-
40min, ventilation, obtains pre-treatment sludge；
Step 5, pre-treatment sludge is placed in agitating device with 30-40rpm/min Stirrings, will be put in whipping process
In pre-treatment sludge, culture under 55-62 DEG C of temperature conditionss processes 2-3d to line bacterium spray solution, is cooled to 35-39 DEG C, will be brown
Ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria spray solution in pre-treatment sludge continues culture and processes 3-4d, continue to be cooled to 28-33 DEG C, and yeast is molten
Liquid is sprayed in pre-treatment sludge, is continued culture and is processed 5-6d, obtains digested sludge；
Step 6, digested sludge is moved into hopper, in hopper, add corn stalk powder and ammonium polyacrylate, the corn straw of addition
10-15% of the silty amount for digested sludge quality, the ammonium polyacrylate quality of addition is the 3-5% of corn stalk powder quality, stirs
Uniformly, 60-65 DEG C of closed processes 48h, stir once per 6h, obtain sludge raw material；
Step 7, gained sludge raw material is dried to moisture content is 45-55%, is crushed, pelletize, and every kilogram of granulating is produced
Product uniformly spray 2mL 0.2mol/L phosphate buffers, then to carry out oven drying at low temperature to moisture content be 20-25%, after 10 mesh sieves point
Perlite is added, wherein sludge raw material and perlite are with mass ratio 6:1 mix homogeneously, obtains final product fertilizer.
2. a kind of preparation method of Organic sludge manure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Gravity concentration described in step one
Solids flux be 4-6kg/m2H, concentration time are 12-15h.
3. a kind of preparation method of Organic sludge manure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Centrifuge described in step 3
The rotating speed of tool dehydration is 5-8rpm/min.
4. a kind of preparation method of Organic sludge manure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Locate before per kilogram in step 5
15mL actinomycetes solution, 25mL blown-ball Azotobacters solution and 20mL yeast solution is sprayed in reason sludge.
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| CN107954766A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-24 | 朱兆明 | A kind of natural organic fertilizer preparation system and its method of work |
| CN108191499A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-06-22 | 四川省德名斯科技有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer and its production method using sludge production |
| CN113029981A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-25 | 长春工程学院 | Method for detecting sludge total phosphorus of urban sewage plant |
| CN113716991A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-11-30 | 北京市农林科学院 | Rapid composting method for organic wastes and membrane type fermentation system thereof |
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