CN106494024B - A kind of composite sound-absorbing material and preparation method thereof and purposes - Google Patents
A kind of composite sound-absorbing material and preparation method thereof and purposes Download PDFInfo
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- CN106494024B CN106494024B CN201610917498.7A CN201610917498A CN106494024B CN 106494024 B CN106494024 B CN 106494024B CN 201610917498 A CN201610917498 A CN 201610917498A CN 106494024 B CN106494024 B CN 106494024B
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
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- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/002—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising natural stone or artificial stone
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- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/046—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/048—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
- B32B2607/02—Wall papers, wall coverings
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of composite sound-absorbing material and preparation method thereof and purposes.Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention includes macromolecule layer and the layer of sand at the top of the macromolecule layer, and preparation method simple process is convenient for the seamless decoration construction of large area；Wherein macromolecule layer mainly absorbs medium-high frequency sound, and layer of sand can be with full-frequency sound absorption；Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention can play better sound absorption effect under the premise of sufficiently maintaining the sound absorbing performance of macromolecule layer and layer of sand itself；In addition, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention uses environment-friendly materials, hazardous substances are not discharged, the related environmental protection standard of country is complied fully with, is a kind of environmentally protective sound absorption product；Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention with respect to Advances in Sound Absorption Polymers for, outside layer of sand be it is aphlogistic, have better fire protecting performance；Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention has both sound absorption well, heat preservation, thermal insulation, and stable physical property is not easy the influence of shrinkage temperature humidity, can be used for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional material technical fields, in particular to a kind of composite sound-absorbing material and its preparation side
Method and purposes.
Background technique
Sound-absorbing material is a kind of functional material of construction and decoration, it has the double requirements of sound absorption with decoration, Ji Yaomei
See the particular/special requirement for realizing sound absorption again.Any material can absorb sound, and only degree of absorption is very different.Usually
It is the material that average sound absorption coefficient is greater than 0.2, is classified as sound-absorbing material.
And common sound-absorbing material cannot achieve the seamless decoration of large area on domestic market, sound absorption characteristics are without legal
System regulation, required thickness is larger, and higher cost, environmental-protecting performance is poor, and part sound-absorbing material flame retardant property is lower.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite sound-absorbing material, and the composite sound-absorbing material can be realized greatly
Area is seamless decoration, can full-frequency sound absorption, average sound absorption coefficient is high, and environmental-protecting performance, fire protecting performance are good, and stable physical property,
Not vulnerable to the influence of temperature humidity, can be used for a long time.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material described in one kind, this method technique letter
It is single, it is convenient for the seamless decoration construction of large area.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of composite sound-absorbing material described in one kind, the composite sound absorbing material
Material can be used as sound absorbent for building, is easy to construct, can be realized the seamless decoration of large area, being capable of full-frequency sound absorption, averagely sound absorption
Coefficient is high, and environmental-protecting performance, fire protecting performance are good, and stable physical property, not vulnerable to the influence of temperature humidity, can be used for a long time.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the invention, spy uses following technical scheme：
A kind of composite sound-absorbing material, the composite sound-absorbing material include macromolecule layer, and sand is arranged at the top of the macromolecule layer
Layer；The layer of sand, which is mutually accumulated by sand grains and is fixedly linked, to be constituted；It include pore structure inside the layer of sand；The grain of the sand grains
Diameter is 2mm hereinafter, preferably 1mm is hereinafter, further preferably 0.5mm or less.
Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention includes macromolecule layer and the layer of sand at the top of the macromolecule layer, wherein macromolecule layer
Main to absorb medium-high frequency sound, layer of sand can be with full-frequency sound absorption；The present invention is better than general sound absorption material in such a way that the two is compound
Material；Macromolecule layer and layer of sand form the composite construction of different materials, when sound enters 2 kinds of different mediums, can generate biggish
Impedance, significant to decay, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is before the sound absorbing performance for sufficiently maintaining macromolecule layer and layer of sand itself
It puts, better sound absorption effect can be played；In addition, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention uses environment-friendly materials, harmfulness is not discharged
Substance complies fully with the related environmental protection standard of country, is a kind of environmentally protective sound absorption product；Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is opposite
For Advances in Sound Absorption Polymers, outside layer of sand be it is aphlogistic, have better fire protecting performance；Composite sound absorbing material of the present invention
Material has both sound absorption well, heat preservation, thermal insulation, and stable physical property is not easy the influence of shrinkage temperature humidity, can be used for a long time.
Preferably, the sand grains includes one of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand or a variety of.
It is further preferred that the sand grains medium coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand mass ratio be 0-30:0-30：50-
70：0-30, preferably 0-10:20-30:50-70:0-10, further preferably 0:30:70:0.
Preferably, it between the sand grains and between layer of sand and macromolecule layer, is fixedly linked respectively by bonding agent.
It is further preferred that the bonding agent includes one of adhesive for building or a variety of, 108 glue are preferably included.
Preferably, the sand grains includes one of natural sand and artificial sand or a variety of.
It is further preferred that the sand grains includes one of river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, quartz sand and glass sand or a variety of,
Preferably include one or both of river sand and glass sand.
Preferably, the macromolecule layer include foam type macromolecule layer, viscoelastic type macromolecule layer, granular pattern macromolecule layer and
One of composite polymer layer is a variety of, preferably includes polyester macromolecule layer, polyolefin macromolecule layer, resin macromolecule layer
With one of polyacetals macromolecule layer or a variety of, further preferably include polyurethane high molecule layer, polyacrylate macromolecule layer,
One of polystyrene polymeric layer, phenolic resin macromolecule layer, polyformaldehyde macromolecule layer and PVC macromolecular layer or
It is a variety of.
Preferably, the average thickness of the macromolecule layer is 5mm or more, preferably 7mm or more, further preferably 9mm
More than.
Preferably, the average thickness of the layer of sand is 0.5mm or more, preferably 0.8mm or more, further preferably 1mm
More than.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned composite sound-absorbing material is prepared at the top of macromolecule layer and is fixedly linked with macromolecule layer
Layer of sand, obtain a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
The preparation method simple process of composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is convenient for the seamless decoration construction of large area.
Preferably, it after sand grains and bonding agent being sufficiently mixed, is prepared at the top of macromolecule layer with resulting material and macromolecule
The layer of sand that layer is fixedly linked.
It is further preferred that sand grains and bonding agent and water are sufficiently mixed, prepared on macromolecule layer with resulting material with
The layer of sand that macromolecule layer is fixedly linked.
It is further preferred that the mass ratio of the bonding agent and water is 1:1-10, preferably 1:2-5, further preferably
1:3。
A kind of purposes of above-mentioned composite sound-absorbing material, the composite sound-absorbing material are used as sound absorbent for building.
Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention can be used as sound absorbent for building, be easy to construct, and can be realized the seamless dress of large area
Decorations, can full-frequency sound absorption, average sound absorption coefficient is high, and environmental-protecting performance, fire protecting performance are good, and stable physical property, not vulnerable to temperature
The influence of humidity can be used for a long time.
Preferably, the macromolecule layer bottom of the composite sound-absorbing material is fixed on building surface；Preferably, described compound
Cavity is set between the macromolecule layer bottom and building surface of sound-absorbing material.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention includes macromolecule layer and the layer of sand at the top of the macromolecule layer, wherein macromolecule layer
Main to absorb medium-high frequency sound, layer of sand can be with full-frequency sound absorption；The present invention is better than general sound absorption material in such a way that the two is compound
Material；Macromolecule layer and layer of sand form the composite construction of different materials, when sound enters 2 kinds of different mediums, can generate biggish
Impedance, significant to decay, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is before the sound absorbing performance for sufficiently maintaining macromolecule layer and layer of sand itself
It puts, better sound absorption effect can be played；In addition, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention uses environment-friendly materials, harmfulness is not discharged
Substance complies fully with the related environmental protection standard of country, is a kind of environmentally protective sound absorption product；Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is opposite
For Advances in Sound Absorption Polymers, outside layer of sand be it is aphlogistic, have better fire protecting performance；Composite sound absorbing material of the present invention
Material has both sound absorption well, heat preservation, thermal insulation, and stable physical property is not easy the influence of shrinkage temperature humidity, can be used for a long time.
The preparation method simple process of composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is convenient for the seamless decoration construction of large area.
Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention can be used as sound absorbent for building, be easy to construct, and can be realized the seamless dress of large area
Decorations, can full-frequency sound absorption, average sound absorption coefficient is high, and environmental-protecting performance, fire protecting performance are good, and stable physical property, not vulnerable to temperature
The influence of humidity can be used for a long time.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention；
Appended drawing reference：
1- layer of sand；2- macromolecule layer.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but
Be it will be understood to those of skill in the art that it is following described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than it is whole
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to guarantor of the present invention
The range of shield.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Agents useful for same
Or production firm person is not specified in instrument, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to
Convenient for description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation,
It is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" third " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the composite sound-absorbing material includes macromolecule layer 2 the present invention provides a kind of composite sound-absorbing material,
Layer of sand 1 is set at the top of the macromolecule layer 2；The layer of sand 1, which is mutually accumulated by sand grains and is fixedly linked, to be constituted；In the layer of sand 1
Portion includes pore structure；The partial size of the sand grains is 2mm hereinafter, preferably 1mm is hereinafter, further preferably 0.5mm or less.
Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention includes macromolecule layer 2 and the layer of sand 1 at 2 top of the macromolecule layer, wherein high score
Sublayer 2 mainly absorbs medium-high frequency sound, and layer of sand 1 can be with full-frequency sound absorption；The present invention is in such a way that the two is compound, better than general
Sound-absorbing material；Macromolecule layer 2 and layer of sand 1 form the composite construction of different materials, when sound enters 2 kinds of different mediums, can produce
Raw biggish impedance, significant to decay, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is in the suction for sufficiently maintaining macromolecule layer 2 and layer of sand 1 itself
Under the premise of acoustic performance, better sound absorption effect can be played；In addition, composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention uses environment-friendly materials, no
Hazardous substances are discharged, the related environmental protection standard of country is complied fully with, is a kind of environmentally protective sound absorption product；The compound suction of the present invention
Sound material with respect to Advances in Sound Absorption Polymers for, outside layer of sand 1 be it is aphlogistic, have better fire protecting performance；This hair
Bright composite sound-absorbing material has both sound absorption well, heat preservation, thermal insulation, and stable physical property is not easy the influence of shrinkage temperature humidity, energy
It is enough to be used for a long time.
Size, the shape of different sand grains be not it is uniform, after mutual accumulation, the layer of sand with porous structure can be obtained
1；Using the sand grains of specified particle diameter, gained composite sound-absorbing material sound absorbing performance is helped to improve, and it can be according to practical need
Seek the composite sound-absorbing material for targetedly obtaining having specific sound absorbing performance.
Preferably, the sand grains includes one of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand or a variety of.
Sand grains used by the layer of sand 1 of composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention may be selected in coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand
It is one or more, commercially available conventional products can be used.
The thickness of sand is divided into 4 grades by fineness modulus.
Coarse sand：Fineness modulus is 3.7-3.1, and average grain diameter is 0.5mm or more.
Middle sand：Fineness modulus is 3.0-2.3, and average grain diameter is 0.5-0.35mm.
Fine sand：Fineness modulus is 2.2-1.6, and average grain diameter is 0.35-0.25mm.
Ultra fine sand：Fineness modulus is 1.5 1 0.7, and average grain diameter is 0.25mm or less.
It is further preferred that the sand grains medium coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand mass ratio be 0-30:0-30：50-
70：0-30, preferably 0-10:20-30:50-70:0-10, further preferably 0:30:70:0.
Using specific coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand usage ratio, helps to improve gained composite sound-absorbing material and inhale
Acoustic performance, and it can targetedly obtain the composite sound-absorbing material with specific sound absorbing performance according to actual needs；It is existing
Have in technology, using the smaller sand grains of partial size, gained layer of sand 1 has higher voidage, and sound absorbing performance is best, so should use up
Amount is all using ultra fine sand, but the present invention is obtained in the case where mainly selection fine sand is not using the smaller ultra fine sand of partial size
The optimal composite sound-absorbing material of sound absorbing performance compared with prior art plays unexpected technical effect.
Preferably, it between the sand grains and between layer of sand 1 and macromolecule layer 2, is fixedly linked respectively by bonding agent.
It can be fixed, be had by bonding agent respectively between sand grains of the present invention and between layer of sand 1 and macromolecule layer 2
Help to form the layer of sand 1 with specific porous structure.
It is further preferred that the bonding agent includes one of adhesive for building or a variety of, 108 glue are preferably included.
Using the bonding agent of special component, the structural stability of gained layer of sand 1 is helped to improve, improves gained composite sound absorbing
The sound absorbing performance of material, and guarantee that its performance is stablized.
Preferably, the sand grains includes one of natural sand and artificial sand or a variety of.
Conventional commercial sand grains product, including natural sand and artificial sand etc. can be selected in sand grains of the present invention.
It is further preferred that the sand grains includes one of river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, quartz sand and glass sand or a variety of,
Preferably include one or both of river sand and glass sand.
River sand be natural stone in its natural state, active force through water collides repeatedly for a long time, rubbing generates, composition
There are certain slickness, the non-metallic ore more than impurity content in complex, surface.River sand particle is round and smooth, cleaner, source
Extensively；River sand insipidness, sea sand have saline taste；And shell and salinity are often mixed in sea sand, most of sea sand contains excess of chloride ion,
Reinforcing bar in meeting eroded reinforced concrete, eventually leads to the destruction of building structure, can shorten building to a certain extent
Safe operating life.Present invention preferably uses at low cost, the excellent river sand of performance is as sand grains raw material.And glass sand is divided into color glass
Glass sand and transparent glass sand, transparent glass sand is with regard to appearance as white granulated sugar, and glass sand is decorated for glass surface, such as glass, flower
Bottle, lampshade etc..Using glass sand, 1 surface of gained layer of sand is smooth, beautiful, but cost is high, can according to need selection and all uses
Particular glass sand, or used after being mixed using different types of glass sand with river sand with different amounts ratio, can both it increase outer
The diversity for seeing decoration, can also meet the requirement of different demands people.
Preferably, the macromolecule layer 2 includes foam type macromolecule layer 2, viscoelastic type macromolecule layer 2, granular pattern macromolecule
Layer one of 2 and composite polymer layer 2 or a variety of, preferably include polyester macromolecule layer 2, polyolefin macromolecule layer 2, resin
One of macromolecule layer 2 and polyacetals macromolecule layer 2 are a variety of, further preferably include polyurethane high molecule layer 2, polyacrylic acid
Ester macromolecule layer 2, polystyrene polymeric layer 2, phenolic resin macromolecule layer 2, polyformaldehyde macromolecule layer 2 and polyvinyl chloride high score
One of sublayer 2 is a variety of.
Conventional sound absorption high molecular material can be used in macromolecule layer 2 of the present invention, selects the macromolecule of specific materials, helps to mention
The sound absorbing performance of high gained composite sound-absorbing material.
Macromolecule layer 2 of the present invention can be one or more layers, and the macromolecule layer 2 that unlike material can be selected forms multilayered structure,
It can be connected by being adhesively fixed between each layer.
Preferably, the average thickness of the macromolecule layer 2 is 5mm or more, preferably 7mm or more, further preferably 9mm
More than.
Using the macromolecule layer 2 of special component, the sound absorbing performance of gained composite sound-absorbing material is helped to improve.
Preferably, the average thickness of the layer of sand 1 is 0.5mm or more, preferably 0.8mm or more, further preferably 1mm
More than.
Using the layer of sand 1 of special component, the sound absorbing performance of gained composite sound-absorbing material is helped to improve.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned composite sound-absorbing material, preparation and 2 stationary phase of macromolecule layer at the top of macromolecule layer 2
Layer of sand 1 even, obtains a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
The preparation method simple process of composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is convenient for the seamless decoration construction of large area.
Preferably, it after sand grains and bonding agent being sufficiently mixed, is prepared at the top of macromolecule layer 2 with resulting material and macromolecule
The layer of sand 1 that layer 2 is fixedly linked.
The present invention prepares layer of sand 1 at the top of macromolecule layer 2, and the common process such as smearing or sandblasting can be selected and carry out.
The sandblasting is preferably at the uniform velocity advanced with straight line progress.
It is further preferred that sand grains and bonding agent and water are sufficiently mixed, prepared on macromolecule layer 2 with resulting material with
The layer of sand 1 that macromolecule layer 2 is fixedly linked.
Sand grains and bonding agent and part water are sufficiently mixed, convenient for subsequent layer of sand 1 technique of being prepared at the top of macromolecule layer 2
It carries out.
It is further preferred that the mass ratio of the bonding agent and water is 1:1-10, preferably 1:2-5, further preferably
1:3。
Using the mass ratio of specific bonding agent and water, help to prepare at the top of subsequent macromolecule layer 21 technique of layer of sand into
Row is convenient for large area rapid construction；Blasting craft is such as used, appropriate moisture content can be supplemented according to the needs of sand-blasting machine, convenient for spray more
Sand is gone on smoothly.
Layer of sand 1 is prepared at the top of macromolecule layer 2, it can be through spontaneously drying, to moisture evaporation, bonding agent solidification makes
Layer of sand 1 is fixedly linked with macromolecule layer 2, obtains composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention.
A kind of purposes of above-mentioned composite sound-absorbing material, the composite sound-absorbing material are used as sound absorbent for building.
Composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention can be used as sound absorbent for building, be easy to construct, and can be realized the seamless dress of large area
Decorations, can full-frequency sound absorption, average sound absorption coefficient is high, and environmental-protecting performance, fire protecting performance are good, and stable physical property, not vulnerable to temperature
The influence of humidity can be used for a long time.
Preferably, 2 bottom of macromolecule layer of the composite sound-absorbing material is fixed on building surface；Preferably, described multiple
It closes and cavity is set between 2 bottom of macromolecule layer of sound-absorbing material and building surface.
Cavity can further increase the acoustic absorptivity of low-frequency range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material, includes the following steps：
(1) quality of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand (manufacturer is Pingshan County Li Yuan mineral products processing factory) is selected
Than being 30:10:50:10 river sand is spare；
It (2) is 1 by mass ratio:1 108 building adhisive powders (manufacturer is that particularly good source Technew SA is consolidated in Beijing) and water
Mixing is sufficiently spare；
(3) river sand obtained by step (1) is immersed in step (2) acquired solution, is sufficiently stirred；
(4) stand after be discharged river sand sedimentary top liquid, after being sufficiently stirred, by gained slurry be applied to a thickness of
On the polystyrene foam plate (manufacturer is Hebei Huaneng chemical heat preservation construction material Co., Ltd) of 5mm, the sand of 0.5mm thickness is obtained
Layer；
(5) it spontaneously dries, sufficiently volatilizees to moisture, 108 adhesive curings obtain a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material, includes the following steps：
(1) quality of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand (manufacturer is Pingshan County Li Yuan mineral products processing factory) is selected
Than being 10:30:50:10 river sand is spare；
It (2) is 1 by mass ratio:10 108 building adhisive powders (manufacturer consolidate particularly good source Technew SA for Beijing) and
Water mixing is sufficiently spare；
(3) river sand obtained by step (1) is immersed in step (2) acquired solution, is sufficiently stirred；
(4) stand after be discharged river sand sedimentary top liquid, after being sufficiently stirred, by gained slurry be applied to a thickness of
On the phenolic resin plate (manufacturer is three emerging great achievement thermal insulation material factory of Tianjin) of 7mm, the layer of sand of 0.7mm thickness is obtained；
(5) it spontaneously dries, sufficiently volatilizees to moisture, 108 adhesive curings obtain a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material, includes the following steps：
(1) quality of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand (manufacturer is Pingshan County Li Yuan mineral products processing factory) is selected
Than being 10:20:50:20 river sand is spare；
It (2) is 1 by mass ratio:2 108 building adhisive powders (manufacturer is that particularly good source Technew SA is consolidated in Beijing) and water
Mixing is sufficiently spare；
(3) river sand obtained by step (1) is immersed in step (2) acquired solution, is sufficiently stirred；
(4) stand after be discharged river sand sedimentary top liquid, after being sufficiently stirred, by gained slurry be applied to a thickness of
On the polyformaldehyde plate (manufacturer is Shenzhen Xiong Yihua insulating materials Co., Ltd) of 8mm, the layer of sand of 0.8mm thickness is obtained；
(5) it spontaneously dries, sufficiently volatilizees to moisture, 108 adhesive curings obtain a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material, includes the following steps：
(1) quality of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand (manufacturer is Pingshan County Li Yuan mineral products processing factory) is selected
Than being 0:30:60:10 river sand is spare；
It (2) is 1 by mass ratio:5 108 building adhisive powders (manufacturer is that particularly good source Technew SA is consolidated in Beijing) and water
Mixing is sufficiently spare；
(3) river sand obtained by step (1) is immersed in step (2) acquired solution, is sufficiently stirred；
(4) stand after be discharged river sand sedimentary top liquid, after being sufficiently stirred, by gained slurry be applied to a thickness of
On the polyvinyl chloride panel (manufacturer is that security protection fire Materials Co., Ltd is risen in Langfang) of 10mm, the layer of sand of 1.2mm thickness is obtained；
(5) it spontaneously dries, sufficiently volatilizees to moisture, 108 adhesive curings obtain a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material, includes the following steps：
(1) quality of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand (manufacturer is Pingshan County Li Yuan mineral products processing factory) is selected
Than being 0:30:70:0 river sand is spare；
It (2) is 1 by mass ratio:3 108 building adhisive powders (manufacturer is that particularly good source Technew SA is consolidated in Beijing) and water
Mixing is sufficiently spare；
(3) river sand obtained by step (1) is immersed in step (2) acquired solution, is sufficiently stirred；
(4) stand after be discharged river sand sedimentary top liquid, after being sufficiently stirred, by gained slurry be applied to a thickness of
On the polyurethane sheet (manufacturer is hundred tall building building technology Development Co., Ltd of Beijing) of 9mm, the layer of sand of 1mm thickness is obtained；
(5) it spontaneously dries, sufficiently volatilizees to moisture, 108 adhesive curings obtain a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
Experimental example 1
Acoustic absorptivity under composite sound-absorbing material different frequency obtained by the present invention is tested, is tested using standing wave tube
(GB/T18696.1-2004), acquired results are as follows：
1 present invention gained composite sound-absorbing material acoustic absorptivity of table
Acoustic absorptivity under conventional commercial sound-absorbing material different frequency is tested, (GB/ is tested using standing wave tube
T18696.1-2004), wherein comparative example 1 is super glass wool, and comparative example 2 is mineral wool, and comparative example 3 is UF foamed plastics,
Comparative example 4 is UF foamed plastics from wall 10cm, and comparative example 5 is polyurethane sound absorption foamed plastics, and acquired results are as follows：
The conventional sound-absorbing material acoustic absorptivity of table 2
| Thickness | 125 | 250 | 500 | 1000 | 2000 | 4000 | |
| Comparative example 1 | 10cm | 0.25 | 0.60 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 2 | 8cm | 0.35 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.78 | 0.92 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5cm | 0.11 | 0.30 | 0.52 | 0.86 | 0.91 | 0.96 |
| Comparative example 4 | 5cm | 0.59 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.76 | 0.97 | 0.98 |
| Comparative example 5 | 5cm | 0.16 | 0.28 | 0.78 | 0.69 | 0.81 | 0.84 |
By Tables 1 and 2 as can be seen that composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention compared to the prior art conventional sound-absorbing material complete
More excellent sound absorbing performance is all had within the scope of frequency, the minimum sound-absorbing material with a thickness of 5cm, the present invention are multiple compared in comparative example
The thickness for closing sound-absorbing material product is about 1cm or so, has significant progress；It furthermore can be with by comparative example 3 and comparative example 4
Find out, when there is cavity between sound-absorbing material and building surface, sound absorbing performance can be effectively improved, it can be seen that, when this hair
When bright composite sound-absorbing material concrete application, by its building surface between cavity is set, additionally it is possible to make sound absorption effect in table 1
On the basis of greatly improve.
Experimental example 2
To combustibility, environmental-protecting performance, bulking factor, the uvioresistant, noise reduction coefficient of composite sound-absorbing material obtained by the present invention
It is detected, as a result as follows：
The composite sound-absorbing material performance parameter of the present invention of table 2
It can be seen from Table 2 that composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention all has excellent fire protecting performance, environmental-protecting performance, moisture-proof
Performance and anti-ultraviolet property, the noise reduction coefficient of composite sound-absorbing material of the present invention is up to 0.8 or more, with excellent noise reduction
Energy.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that the above various embodiments is only used
To illustrate technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Those skilled in the art should understand that：Without departing substantially from this hair
It in the case where bright spirit and scope, is possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to wherein
Some or all of technical characteristic is equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, and do not make the essence of corresponding technical solution
It departs from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention；It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims including belonging to the present invention
All these substitutions and modifications in range.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material, which is characterized in that the composite sound-absorbing material includes macromolecule layer, the macromolecule layer top
Layer of sand is arranged in portion；The layer of sand, which is mutually accumulated by sand grains and is fixedly linked, to be constituted；It include pore structure inside the layer of sand；
The macromolecule layer includes one of foam type macromolecule layer, viscoelastic type macromolecule layer, granular pattern macromolecule layer or more
Kind；
The average thickness of the macromolecule layer is 5mm or more；The average thickness of the layer of sand is 0.5mm or more；
The partial size of the sand grains is 2mm hereinafter, the sand grains includes one of coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand or a variety of；
The sand grains medium coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and ultra fine sand mass ratio be 0-10:20-30:50-70:0-10；
Coarse sand：Fineness modulus is 3.7-3.1, and average grain diameter is 0.5mm or more；
Middle sand：Fineness modulus is 3.0-2.3, and average grain diameter is 0.5-0.35mm；
Fine sand：Fineness modulus is 2.2-1.6, and average grain diameter is 0.35-0.25mm；
Ultra fine sand：Fineness modulus is 1.5-0.7, and average grain diameter is 0.25mm or less.
2. composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sand grains medium coarse sand, middle sand, fine sand and spy
The mass ratio of fine sand is 0:30:70:0.
3. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between the sand grains and layer of sand and high
Between molecular layer, it is fixedly linked respectively by bonding agent.
4. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the bonding agent includes in adhesive for building
It is one or more.
5. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the bonding agent includes 108 glue.
6. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sand grains includes natural sand and artificial
One of sand is a variety of.
7. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sand grains includes river sand, sea sand, mountain
One of sand, quartz sand and glass sand are a variety of.
8. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sand grains includes river sand and glass sand
One or both of.
9. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the macromolecule layer includes polyester high score
One of sublayer, polyolefin macromolecule layer and polyacetals macromolecule layer are a variety of.
10. a kind of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the macromolecule layer includes polyurethane
Macromolecule layer, polyacrylate macromolecule layer, polystyrene polymeric layer, phenolic resin macromolecule layer, polyformaldehyde macromolecule layer
With one of PVC macromolecular layer or a variety of.
11. a kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that at the top of macromolecule layer
The layer of sand that preparation is fixedly linked with macromolecule layer, obtains a kind of composite sound-absorbing material.
12. a kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 11, which is characterized in that by sand grains with it is Nian Jie
After agent is sufficiently mixed, the layer of sand being fixedly linked with macromolecule layer is prepared at the top of macromolecule layer with resulting material.
13. a kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 12, which is characterized in that by sand grains with it is Nian Jie
Agent is sufficiently mixed with water, prepares the layer of sand being fixedly linked with macromolecule layer on macromolecule layer with resulting material.
14. a kind of preparation method of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the bonding agent with
The mass ratio of water is 1:1-10.
15. a kind of purposes of composite sound-absorbing material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the composite sound-absorbing material is used
Make sound absorbent for building.
16. a kind of purposes of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 15, which is characterized in that by the composite sound absorbing material
The macromolecule layer bottom of material is fixed on building surface.
17. a kind of purposes of composite sound-absorbing material according to claim 16, which is characterized in that the composite sound-absorbing material
Macromolecule layer bottom and building surface between cavity is set.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101625856A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | Multifrequency sound absorption foam faced material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102888902A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-23 | 燕翔 | Sandstone environmentally friendly acoustic board |
| CN104692824A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-06-10 | 国家电网公司 | Sandstone acoustic board used in transformer substation |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101625856A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-13 | 上海交通大学 | Multifrequency sound absorption foam faced material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102888902A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-23 | 燕翔 | Sandstone environmentally friendly acoustic board |
| CN104692824A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-06-10 | 国家电网公司 | Sandstone acoustic board used in transformer substation |
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